轮机英语关联题(大连李文华版79篇)

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海船船员-轮机部(航海英语)真题库二

海船船员-轮机部(航海英语)真题库二/5题 [单选题]（江南博哥）Duties shall be so organized by the chief engineer officer that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and the subsequent relieving watches are _______ and otherwise fit for duty.A well trainedB in good luckC in good healthD sufficiently rested正确答案: D题 [单选题]Who is in charge of the main engine？A The chief engineer.B The second engineer.C The third engineer.D The fourth engineer.正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]Who is in charge of the auxiliary engines？A The chief engineer.B The second engineer.C The third engineer.D The fourth engineer.正确答案: C/5题 [单选题]Who is in charge of the auxiliary boilers？A The chief engineer.B The second engineer.C The third engineer.D The fourth engineer.正确答案: D题 [单选题]According to STCW 78/95，the abilities specified in the standards of competence are grouped as seven functions at three levels of responsibility，which of the following is not one of the three levels？A Navigating level.B Management level.C Operational level.D Support level.正确答案: A/5题 [单选题]STCW Convention describes that _______ are laid down for the certification of engineer officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room，or the designated engineer in a periodically unmanned engine room.A available minimum requirementsB available maximum requirementsC mandatory minimum requirementsD mandatory maximum requirements正确答案: C题 [单选题]The _______ Convention is the first to establish basic requirements on training，certification and watchkeeping for seafarers on an international level.A STCW 78B STCW 10C SOLAS 74D SOLAS 88正确答案: A题 [单选题]When deciding the composition of the engineering watch，which may include _______ appropriately，many factors shall be taken into account.A satisfied engineersB qualified ratingsC satisfied chief engineerD qualified chief engineer正确答案: B题 [单选题]When deciding the composition of the engineering watch，which may include appropriately qualified ratings，which of the following criteria shall be taken into account？①The type of ship；②The type and condition of the machinery；③The safety of life，ship，cargo and port；④The observance of international，national and local regulations.A ①②.B ②③.C ②③④.D ①②③④.正确答案: D题 [单选题]The maximum Blood Alcohol Concentration （BAC）rate on board shall not be more than _______ by weight any time when being tested.But watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage _______ before their watch.A 0.08%/4 hoursB 0.08%/2 hoursC 0.04%/4 hoursD 0.04%/2 hours正确答案: A/5题 [关联题]The CO₂ fire extinguishing installation may incorporate a smoke sampling system so that fire can be detected in the early stage at the smoke detecting cabinet，which is situated in the wheelhouse.Each cargo compartment is individually connected to the smoke detecting cabinet with small bore piping and，by a suction fan mounted on the wheelhouse roof，samples of the air in each cargo space are continually drawn up to the smoke detecting cabinet and discharged into the wheelhouse or the atmosphere through a diverting valve.Thus smoke from a fire in any cargo space can be immediately detected.The CO₂ fire extinguishing system may combine with _______ to detect fire in the early stage of fire development.A a smoke detecting systemB a wheelhouseC a cargo compartmentD a crew’s cabin正确答案: A/5题 [关联题]The CO₂ fire extinguishing installation may incorporate a smoke sampling system so that fire can be detected in the early stage at the smoke detecting cabinet，which is situated in the wheelhouse.Each cargo compartment is individually connected to the smoke detecting cabinet with small bore piping and，by a suction fan mounted on the wheelhouse roof，samples of the air in each cargo space are continually drawn up to the smoke detecting cabinet and discharged into the wheelhouse or the atmosphere through a diverting valve.Thus smoke from a fire in any cargo space can be immediately detected.The function of the smoke sampling system is _______.A to analyze smoke componentsB to detect fire in the early stageC to prevent the wheelhouse from catching a fireD to ventilate each cargo compartment正确答案: B/5题 [关联题]The CO₂ fire extinguishing installation may incorporate a smoke sampling system so that fire can be detected in the early stage at the smoke detecting cabinet，which is situated in the wheelhouse.Each cargo compartment is individually connected to the smoke detecting cabinet with small bore piping and，by a suction fan mounted on the wheelhouse roof，samples of the air in each cargo space are continually drawn up to the smoke detecting cabinet and discharged into the wheelhouse or the atmosphere through a diverting valve.Thus smoke from a fire in any cargo space can be immediatelydetected.According to this passage，which of the following statements is true？A The smoke sampling system consists of the CO₂ fire extinguishing installation and smoke detecting cabinet.B The smoke detecting cabinet is located on the wheelhouse roof.C The suction fan draws samples of the air from cargo spaces.D Samples of the air flow into the detecting cabinet at regular intervals.正确答案: C/5题 [关联题]The CO₂ fire extinguishing installation may incorporate a smoke sampling system so that fire can be detected in the early stage at the smoke detecting cabinet，which is situated in the wheelhouse.Each cargo compartment is individually connected to the smoke detecting cabinet with small bore piping and，by a suction fan mounted on the wheelhouse roof，samples of the air in each cargo space are continually drawn up to the smoke detecting cabinet and discharged into the wheelhouse or the atmosphere through a diverting valve.Thus smoke from a fire in any cargo space can be immediately detected.Which of the following devices does the smoke sampling system consist of？①Fire extinguishing installation；②Smoke detecting chamber；③Wheelhouse；④Cargo compartment；⑤Suction fan；⑥Diverting valve.A ①②⑤.B ②④⑤.C ③④⑥.D ②⑤⑥.正确答案: D题 [关联题]A variety of devices exist for detecting fires namely：（1）Smoke detectors based on the ionization principle or on the photoelectric cell principle；（2）Heat sensors；（3）Rate of temperature rise sensors；（4）Flame detectors. Each type has its merits and most systems will deploy two or more of the above types of devices depending on the space being protected. Within machinery spaces，ionization smoke detectors are generally considered the first line of defense.These devices monitor the electrical charge which occurs when combustion particles reach the charged space in the detector.So that the units can be readily tested as an indicator light is provided on the sensor body.This lights up in the presence of gas from a test canister or even from the fumes of a cigarette.Which of the following detectors are based on the charges or light principle？A Smoke detectors.B Heat sensors.C Temperature rising sensors.D Flame detectors.正确答案: A题 [单选题]If the PSCO is uncertain about the source of water pressuring during the inspection of fire main system.In such case，you can test the _______ for him.A fire main isolating valve on deckB engine room fire main isolating valveC engine room fire pumpD engine room general service pump正确答案: B题 [单选题]During the PSC inspection，under the provisions of SOLAS 74，which one may be regarded as“clear grounds”for ships’detainment？A Failure of proper operation of propulsion.B Paint peeling off the uptake.C No operation procedures for the oil separators.D Damaged sanitary pump.正确答案: A题 [单选题]During the PSC inspection，under the provisions of SOLAS 74，which of the following may not be regarded as“clear grounds”for ships’detainment？A Excess amount of oil/water mixtures in bilges.B Insulation of piping including exhaust pipes in engine room contaminated by oil.C Improper operation of bilge pumping arrangements.D A dirty footprint on the plate.正确答案: D题 [单选题]During the PSC inspection，under the provisions of SOLAS 74，which of the following may not be regarded as“clear grounds”for ships’detainment？A Failure of proper operation of emergency generator.B Insulation of piping including exhaust pipes in engine roomcontaminated by oil.C Improper operation of bilge pumping arrangements.D Leakage of the sanitary pump.正确答案: D题 [单选题]During the PSC inspection，under the provisions of SOLAS 74，which one may not be regarded as“clear grounds”for ships’detainment？A Failure of the proper operation of the auxiliary steering gear.B Failure of proper operation of electrical installations.C Leakage of domestic water pump.D Insulation of exhaust pipes in engine room contaminated by oil.正确答案: C题 [单选题]Who will be responsible for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions？A Port State.B The Administration.C The shipowner.D The master.正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]Enhanced procedures concerning the exercise of _______ have been developed to allow intervention in the caseof deficiencies deemed to pose a danger to persons，property or the environment.A Port State ControlB Flag State ControlC fire and boat drillD safety inspection正确答案: A题 [单选题]The purpose of PSC is _______.A to check and inspect foreign shipsB to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventionsC to fine shipsD to detain ships正确答案: B题 [单选题]The main purpose of Port State Control is not to _______.A prevent an unsafe ship proceeding to seaB prevent a ship threatening the marine environmentC fine the shipsD confirm a safe sailing正确答案: C题 [单选题]If the PSCO from general impressions orobservations on board has _______ for believing that the ship，its equipment or its crew do not substantially meet the requirements，the PSCO should proceed to a more detailed inspection.A “clean report”B “serious deficiencies”C “clear grounds”D “detention report”正确答案: C题 [单选题]If an incorrect entry were made in the Oil Record Book，you should _______.A erase the entry and rewrite itB notify the ship’s officer in chargeC completely black it out and make the correct entry alongsideD draw a single line through the wrong entry and initial it正确答案: D题 [单选题]The Garbage Record Book，as a part of the ship’s Official Logbook，shall be kept on board and preserved for a period of _______.A 3 years after making the first entryB 2 years after the last entryC 3 months after the last entryD 3 years after the last entry正确答案: B题 [单选题]Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part Ⅰ？①Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spaces；②Bunkering of fuel oil.A ① only.B ② only.C Both ① and ②.D Neither ① nor ②.正确答案: C题 [单选题]Which of the following operations need NOT to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part Ⅰ？①Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spaces through strainers；②Bunkering of fuel oil.A ① only.B ② only.C Both ① and ②.D Neither ① nor ②.正确答案: D题 [单选题]Which of the following operations need NOT to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part Ⅰ？①Disposal of oil residues；②Internal transfer of fuel oil.A ① only.B ② only.C Both ① and ②.D Neither ① nor ②.正确答案: B题 [单选题]Administrations should bear in mind the significance of _______ in maintaining safety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A advanced nautical equipmentB advanced main engine’s performanceC emergency equipmentD communication and language skills正确答案: D/3题 [单选题]When a ship is involved in an oil pollution incident in China，the ship must report without delay to_______.A China Maritime AdministrationB the CompanyC the cargo ownerD the Flag State正确答案: A/3题 [单选题]Which statement is TRUE concerning minor oil spills？A They may cause serious pollution as the effect tends to be cumulative.B They usually disappear quickly.C They usually stay in a small area.D A small spill is not dangerous to sea life in the area.正确答案: D/3题 [单选题]Which statement is TRUE concerning minor oil spills？A They may cause serious pollution as the effect tends to be cumulative.B They usually disappear quickly.C They usually stay in a small area.D A small spill is not dangerous to sea life in the area.正确答案: D/3题 [单选题]Which statement is TRUE concerning minor oil spills？A They may cause serious pollution as the effect tends to be cumulative.B They usually disappear quickly.C They usually stay in a small area.D A small spill is not dangerous to sea life in the area.正确答案: D/5题 [单选题]_______，where minor repairs are carried out with a ship in service，is/are often carried out during a stay in port.This may be remote from a ship repair site.A Voyage repairB Damage repairsC Routine dockingD Conversion正确答案: A题 [单选题]What is NOT true of annual repair？A It is carried out once a year.B It is a minor repair.C It is done according to the requirements of Registration Bureau.D It is carried out during stay in a port of call.正确答案: D题 [单选题]Preventive maintenance _______.A should not be carried out during the watchesB can only be carried out in portC is a kind of maintenance carried out prior to the occurrenceD is a kind of maintenance carried out after the occurrence正确答案: C题 [单选题]During the inspection，the starting air valves should be closed _______ the engine from turning.A to increaseB to preventC to speed upD to reduce正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]Which of the listed items should be secured before performing any maintenance on a solenoid operated air start valve？A Electric power and starting air.B Lube oil standby pump and control air.C Hydraulic switch and engage jacking gear.D Motor drain and pneumatic control system power.正确答案: A/5题 [单选题]Usually _______ handles the majority of the correspondence and negotiation needed during transactions of stores and spare parts in the engine department.A the chief engineerB the second engineerC the third engineerD the fourth engineer正确答案: A题 [单选题]Generally speaking，the agent can provide many services on board except _______.A port shippingB mailC banking serviceD recruiting seaman正确答案: D/5题 [单选题]Generally speaking，who will you turn to when there is a problem during accepting stores from ashore？A Bridge.B Captain.C The second engineer and the third engineer.D The chief engineer.正确答案: C4 /5题 [单选题]A/An _______ is the documentary attestation for the delivery of stores and spare parts.A engine logbookB delivery docketC store bookletD maintenance book正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]A/An _______ is the documentary attestation for the delivery of stores and spare parts.A informative noteB consignment noteC store bookletD maintenance book正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]Which of the following conditions indicates the dilution of diesel engine lube oil by fuel oil？A Water discharging from the water outlet of the lube oil purifier.B Fuel oil discharging from the water outlet of the lube oil purifier.C Lube oil discharging from the water outlet of the lube oil purifier.D A change in the lube oil viscosity.正确答案: D/5题 [单选题]Under normal conditions，the main source of crankcase oil contamination is attributed to _______.A metal particles loosened by wearB air when air cleaners are not usedC condensation of water vaporsD breakdown of the lubricating oil by dilution正确答案: D题 [单选题]Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur when unburned fuel contaminates the crankcase of a diesel engine？A Lube oil is diluted and its viscosity is reduced.B Sulfuric acid is formed.C Bearings become pitted ad immediately fail.D Valve stems develop sludge deposits.正确答案: A/5题 [单选题]Lubricating oil viscosity in all operating diesel engine can be reduced by _______.A increasing cooling water flowB increasing lube oil flowC dilution by fuel oilD adding SAE 70 oil正确答案: C5 /5题 [单选题]oil oxidation，as a result of excessively high lube oil temperature，is harmful to a diesel engine because _______.A oil foaming will occurB large quantities of oil are consumedC lube oil viscosity is always decreasedD corrosive by-products are usually formed正确答案: D题 [单选题]The lowest temperature at which the vapor formed from a liquid ignites and continues to burn steadily in the presence of an ignition source is called the _______.A flash pointB fire pointC upper explosive limitD lower explosive limit正确答案: B题 [单选题]The percentage of impurities in a specific fuel oil sample is determined by _______.A settling in a fuel tankB testing in a laboratory centrifugeC burning in a calorimeterD testing in a dosed cup正确答案: B3 /5题 [单选题]What should we do if the oil spill occurs？A Stop the pump first.B Report to the chief engineer.C Inform the bridge.D Take oil samples.正确答案: A题 [单选题]Small oil spills on deck can be kept from going overboard by _______.A plugging the scuppersB driving wooden plugs into the ventsC closing the lids on the ventsD plugging the sounding pipes正确答案: A题 [单选题]You should be most concerned about a possible explosion or fire in fuel tanks _______.A during fueling when the fuel first strikes the tank bottomB during fueling when the fuel strikes fuel already in the tankC when underway as the fuel is moved by wave actionD shortly after fueling when fuel vapors gather正确答案: A/5题 [单选题]Among the following equipment，which belongs to the life saving appliances？①Lifeboats；②Fire axes；③Self-contained breathing apparatus；④Life buoys；⑤Emergency generator；⑥Breathing apparatus air compressor.A ①④⑤.B ①③⑥.C ③④⑤.D ④⑤⑥.正确答案: A全站正确率为 0.00%/5题 [单选题]If you continue to wear extra clothing when entering the water after abandoning your vessel，it will_______.A weigh you downB preserve body heatC reduce your body heatD make it more difficult to breathe正确答案: B题 [单选题]In the first 24 hours after abandoning a vessel，water should be given only to personnel who are _______.A thirstyB sick or injuredC wetD awake正确答案: B4 /5题 [单选题]Seawater may be used for drinking water _______.A at a maximum rate of two ounces per dayB after mixing with an equal quantity of fresh waterC if gather during or immediately after a hard rainD under no circumstance正确答案: D/5题 [单选题]If you are forced to abandon ship in a rescue boat，you should _______.A remain in the vicinity of the vesselB head for the nearest landC head for the closest sea lanesD have an all hands vote on what to do题 [单选题]To use a portable CO₂ fire extinguisher，you must first _______.A turn the tank upside downB pull the locking pinC open the valve on the side of the tankD shake thoroughly正确答案: B题 [单选题]When the general alarm is sounded continuously，the engine room personnel should _______.A proceed to their man overboard stationsB start the fire pumpC put on lifejackets and go to their abandon ship stationsD secure the propulsion diesel engines and evacuate the engine room正确答案: B题 [单选题]Which of the following actions should be taken by the engine room watch when the general alarm is sounded continuously？A The fire pump should be started.B The boiler fires should be secured.C The fixed CO₂ system should be initiated into action.D The engine room ventilation should be secured./5题 [单选题]While on watch in the engine room，you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm.Which of the following actions should you take FIRST？A Secure the burners then proceed to your assigned boat station.B Start the fire pump and establish flow to the fire main.C Open the guardian valve and standby to maneuver.D Open the master control valves on the fixed CO₂ system.正确答案: B/5题 [单选题]While on watch in the engine room，you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm.Which of the following actions should you take？A Make an entry in the official logbook.B Open the master control valves on the fixed CO₂ system.C Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure.D Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge.正确答案: C。

轮机英语关联题20篇

41 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct.75. Small package boilers will use _______while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fueloil-C. diesel oil D. mixture of fuel oiland diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, thefuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fueloil-C. diesel oil D. mixture of fuel oiland diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal level-B. stop fuel supply immediately andpurge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze inthe funnel-C. orange flame tip D. swirl oilspray44 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The main starting valve (automatic valve) is operated by a pneumaticactuator, and similar actuatorcontrols are fitted for slow turningand to the timing valves. The mainstarting valve can be locked shut andthis must be done before the engineturning gear is engaged. When thisvalve is open, air passes through a non-return valve and flame arrester to the main manifold supplying pressure to the cylinder valves, one of which is fitted to each cylinder of the engine. The cylinder air start valves are normally held closed by a compression spring together with cylinder pressure acting over the valve lid. Air from the manifold enters these valves where it forms a pressure balance between the underside of the valve lid and a balance piston of equal area on the valve spindle. Consequently this does not cause the valve to open. Cylinder valves are opened when operating air, transmitted from the distributor, applies pressure to the larger operating piston on the valve spindle. As the valve is forced open, starting air from the manifold enters the cylinder, applying pressure on the piston and causing the engine to rotate in the corresponding direction. To close the cylinder valves the connection from the distributor is opened to atmosphere, allowing the spring to close the valve and return the operating piston. 75. The timing valves (in the first paragraph) refer to __________. A. the valves for slow running B. fuel valves C. the distributor D. not mentioned 76. After the main starting valve opens, air will not supply to __________. A. the flame arrester B. each cylinder valve C. a non-return valve D. a pneumatic actuator 77. The balance piston used on a cylinder air start valve is to ___________. A. increase acting area B. keep pressure balance and help the valve close before operating air applied C. increase the force and help the valve open after the operating air applied D. cause the valve to open78. After the engine being started, the air in the distributor will __________. A. be vented to open air B. be leaded to the corresponding cylinder C. be trapped until engine stops D. return to air reservoir 45 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组Scavenge port inspection provides useful information about the condition of cylinders, pistons and rings, at low expense. The inspection consists of visually examining the piston, the rings and the lower part of the cylinder liner, directly through the scavenge air ports. To rescue the risk of scavenge box fire, remove any oil sludge and carbon deposits in the scavenge air box and receiver in connection with the inspection. The port inspection should be carried out at the first stop after along voyage, e.g. by anchoring if possible, to obtain the most reliableresult with regard to the effectiveness and sufficiency of the cylinderlubrication and the combustion cycle (complete or incomplete).A misleading result may be obtained if the port inspection is carried outafter arrival at harbor, since maneuvering to the quay and low-loadrunning, e.g. river or canal passage, requires increased cylinder oil dosage,i.e. the cylinders are excessively lubricated. Further, during low load,the combustion cycle might not be as effective and complete as expected, duet to the actual fuel oil qualities and service (running) condition of the fuel injection equipment. It is highly recommended to take the information into consideration. D89. The components of an engine involved in normal scavenge port inspection comprise, __________. ① the piston ② piston rings ③ the lower part of the cylinder liner ④ the fuel injector A. ①② B. ①②③④ C. ②③ D. ①②③ B90. If the scavenge box had too much oil sludge and carbon deposits, what would occur? A. excessively cylinder oil consumption B. the scavenge box fire C. the crankcase explosion D. excessive wear of the cylinder liner A91. In order to obtain the most reliable result with regard to the effectiveness and sufficiency of the cylinder lubrication and the combustion cycle, when should the scavenge port inspection be carried out? A. at the first stop after a long voyage, e.g. by anchoring if possible B. at the first stop after arrival at harbor C. at the first stop after low load running D. at the first stop after passing river or casual passage B92. Under what condition that the scavenge port inspection can gain a misleading result? ① after passed through Panama Canal ② after gotalongside shanghai quay ③ after arrival shanghai roadstead (外锚地) A ．②③ B. ①② C. ①②③ D. ① 第二组 Current regulations with regard to the discharge of oily water set limits of concentration 15 parts permillion. A monitor is required to measure these values and provide both continuous records and an alarm where the permitted level is exceeded The principle used is that of ultra-violet fluorescence. This is the emission of light by molecule that has absorbed light. During the short interval between absorption and emission, energy is lost and light of a longer wavelength is emitted. Oil fluoresces more readily than water and this provides the means for its detection. A sample is drawn off from the overboard discharge and passes through a sample cell. An ultra-violet light is directed at the sample and the fluorescence is monitored by a photoelectric cell. Where an excessive level of contamination is detected an alarm is sounded and diverting valves are operated. The discharge liquid is then passed to a slop tank. D 93. The passage is mainly about _________. A. oily water separator B. current regulations related to oil pollution C. oil in water monitor D. the principle of ultra-violet fluorescenceC94. A monitor can obtain all of the following functions except __________. A. measuring oil content values B. providing continuous records C. lowering the oil content below 15 ppm D. providing an alarm unit warning of levels of discharge in excess of 15 ppm B95. From the passage, we can learn that the ultra-violet fluorescence is a kind of __________. A. oil sample B. light C. photoelectric cell D. alarm unit C96. A sample is drawn off from __________ and passes through a sample cell. A. bilge water B. discharge of oil separator C. slop tank D. discharge of oily water separator 二．关联题（关联题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组 Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports for the purpose of verifying that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international conventions that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with applicable international laws. The primary responsibility for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions rests with the flag State and if all flag states performed their duties satisfactorily there would be no need for port state control. Unfortunately this is not the case as evidenced by the many marine accidents around the world-hence the need for additional control. The authority for exercising PSC is the national law based on relevant conventions. It is therefore necessary for a port State to be Party to those conventions and to have promulgated the necessary legislation before exercising PSC. In accordance with the provisions of the applicable conventions, Parties may conduct inspections of foreign ships in their ports. They are Port State Control Officers (PSCO).B 89. The purpose of PSC is _________. 1) to check and inspect foreign ships 2) to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventions. 3) to make sure that the ship is manned and operated well 4) to detain ships A. 1) +2) B. 2)+3) C. 1)+3) D. 1)+2)+3)+4) C90. Who will be responsible forensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions? A. PSCOs B. Ship owners C. Flag states D. Port states A91. Before exercising PSC, a port state should __________. A. become a contracting Party and promulgate regulations for implementing PSC B. inform ship owners C. establish procedures D. inform shipping companies C92. PSC inspection is implemented by ________through _________. A. flag states/ PSCOs B.flag states/ ship owners C. port states/ PSCOs D. port states/ ship owners第二组Almost all failures in the fuel oil system, including the compression being to low, result in the crankshaft rotating more slowly if there is a failure at one or more cylinders simultaneously. If only one or two cylinders fail, and the engine is not fully loaded, the crankshaft rev./min. does not decrease, the reason being that the governor ensures that the remaining cylinders are loaded to a correspondingly greater extent. If the engine is already fully loaded, the cylinders that are working normally become overloaded causing a smoking exhaust and higher exhaust temperatures etc. The load must always be reduced until the failure has been located and rectified. The reasons for a cylinder suddenly working at reduced load, or failing completely, may be:1. a defective or blocked fuelinjection valve.2.the fuel oil pump piston seizing inthe barrel. This failure can be ascertained by trying to move the pump’s toothed rack. Defective fuel pumps must be changed.3.the compression being to low becauseof sticking, worn or broken piston rings.4.leaking inlet or exhaust valves.5.no clearance in the valve operationgear.The reasons for the crankshaft rotating more slowly, or stopping completely, can also be:1.the fuel oil filter being blocked.This failure is identified by decreasing oil pressure after the fuel oil filter.2.valve sticking in the open position.3.leaking fuel oil pipes or joints.4.water in the fuel oil.5.the regulating mechanism beingjammed.6.the governor not functioningcorrectly.7.the electrical shutdown valve (themonitoring system) being activated.C93. This passage is mainly about________.A. the failure of reduced rpm.B. the failure of the governorC. how to ensure the constantrotational speedD. the reasons for the fuel system toshut downD94. If one or two cylinders fail in fueloil system the crankshaft rev/min__________.1) will invariably decrease 2) doesnot decrease 3) will decreaseunder certain circumstancesA. 1)B. 2)C. 3)D. None of 1),2),3) istrueD95. Which of the following is NOTmentioned as the reason for acylinder suddenly working at reducedload?A. fuel valve failureB.failure of fuel pump dischargevalvesC. too large gaps of piston ringsD.the fuel oil filter being blockedcompletelyA96. Which of the following is NOTmentioned as the reason for thecrankshaft rotating more slowly orstopping?A changing from heavy oil to lightdiesel oilB. connections leakingC. there being too much waterD. malfunction of the governor二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The clearly visible benefit of RT-flex engines is their smokeless operation at all ship speeds. This is achieved by the superior combustion performance with the common-rail fuel injection.This system maintains the fuel injection pressure at the optimum level right across the engine speed range, ensuring optimum combustion under all operating conditions. In addition, a selective shut-off of single injectors at very low speeds and an optimized exhaust valve timing help to keep smoke emissions below the visible limit.Sulzer RT-flex engines also have the advantage of steady running at lower speeds than engines withmechanically-controlled injection. They can run very steadily, and without smoking, at 10-12% of nominal speed, which for the RT-flex 60C is about10-14rpm. This is made possible by the precise control of injection, together with the higher injection pressures achieved at low speed, and the sequential shut-off injectors.A75. According to above massage, the advantage of common-rail injectionis______.A. smokeless operationB. shockless operationC. noiseless operationD. no vibration operation B76. According to above massage,RT-flex engine can optimize______.①fuel injection pressure② combustion ③ exhaust valve timingA. ①②B. ①②③C..③D. ②B77. The key feature of the SulzerRT-flex system is that it gives complete freedom in the _____ and operation of fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation.A. meteringB. timingC. controlD. usingC78. The RT-flex engine can run at very low speed, this is made possible by following things except _______.A. the precise control of injectionB. the higher injection pressuresC. the optimized exhaust valve timingD. the sequential shut-off injectors二．关联题（关联题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Starting Air SystemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PT301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non-return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual (on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses the main starting air valve. After the main starting air valve is activated the airflows through the flame arresters to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting air distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves. On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve. Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine start with engaged turning gear. C89. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequenceof the following devices beingactivated is _________. 1. solenoidvalve 2. starting air valve 3.starting air distributor 4. mainstarting air valve 5. governorboosterA. 1,5,4,2,3B. 1,4,5,3,2C. 1,4,3,2,5D. 4,3,1,2,5D90. The underline sentence “the governor booster is energized”probably means _________.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oil is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engineC91. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pressure transmitter PT301B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valveD. a starting air distributor D92. When the engine is engaged withturning gear, ________ can keep theengine from starting.A. the control airB. thesolenoid valveC. the main starting air valveD. the interlock valve第二组：（1）The company should establishprocedures to ensure that the ship is maintained in conformity with theprovisions of the relevant rules and regulations and with any additional requirements which may be establishedby the Company.(2) In meeting these requirements the Company should ensure that:(2.1) inspections are held atappropriate intervals;(2.2) any non-conformity is reported,with its possible cause, if known;(2.3) appropriate corrective actionis taken; and(2.4) records of these activitiesare maintained.(3) The Company should establishprocedures in its safety managementsystem to identify equipment andtechnical systems the suddenoperational failure of which may resultin hazardous situations. The safety management system should provide forspecific measures aimed at promotingthe reliability of arrangements andequipment or technical systems that arenot in continuous use.D93. This passage concerns _________.A. the inspections of the ship and equipmentB. the reports ofnon-conformitiesC. the corrective actionsD. the maintenance of the ship andequipmentC94. In (2.4) of this passage, ‘these activities’ refer to the following activities except _________.A. the establishment of anyadditional requirementB. the corrective action takenC. the inspection heldD. the reporting of anynon-conformityB95. According to this passage, some particular equipment should havespecific measures to promote itsreliability, because __________.A. it is not in continuous useB. its sudden failure may result inhazardous situationsC. its stand-by arrangements may notbe regularly testedD. it may not be identified by theCompany’s safety management systemD 96. This passage is probably takenfrom _________.A. the MARPOL ConventionB. STCW ConventionC. the ISPS CodeD. the ISM Code二、关联题（关联提题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：In a closed fresh water system, the engine jackets, the heat exchanger and the circulating pumps form a continuous circuit which is not open to the atmosphere. The cylinder jacket cooling water after leaving the engine passes toa sea water circulating cooler (heat exchanger) and then into the jacket water circulating pumps. It is then pumped around the cylinder jackets, cylinder heads, exhaust valves and turbo-blowers. However, provision has to be made for the expansion of the water due to the increase in temperature and due to small amounts of air which may enter the system and become entrained and for water make-up due to leakages. These are met by a small head tank which is open to the atmosphere and placed at a higher level than any other point in the system so that the small changes in volume can be accommodated by changing the level of the free surface of the water in the tank. The head tank is generally connected into the system at the pump suction, as this minimizes the chance of air being draw into the system at the pump. The minimum height of the head tank may be based on maintaining pressure of fresh water in the heat exchanger above that of the seawater to ensure that in the event of a small internal lock developing seawater cannot enter the fresh water system. Alternatively, it may be based on the need for a minimum pressure to be maintained within the jackets to avoidcavitations effects. The closed systems usually need vents if steam pockets or air locks are not to cause trouble. Vent pipes of small-bore tube are lead from any local high point in the system to the top of the head tank for the release of air from the cooling water. A heater in the circuit facilitates warming of the engine prior to starting by circulating hot water. The temperature of the water entering the engine jackets is regulated by means of a by-pass across the jacket water cooler. The proportions of water passing through the cooler, or bypassing it are controlled by a three-way valve. The temperature is usually adjusted to maintain a constraint outlet water temperature from the engine regardless of the load or speed or the temperature of the seawater. The piston cooling system may be an open system which employs similar components with the closed system, except that a drain tank is used instead of a head tank and the vent are then led to a hopper or tundish at the high point in the machinery space. The hopper serves as a visual flow indicator. A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination from piston cooling glands to the piston cooling system only. A89. The loop of the jacket cooling water is ______A. engine----heatexchanger----circulatingpumps-----engineB. heatexchanger-----engine----circulating pumps----heat exchangerC. circulating pumps----heat exchanger-----engine-----circulating pumpsD. circulatingpumps----engine-----heatexchanger----head tankAD90. A small head tank is provided in the closed jacket cooling water system for _____A. water expansionB. water make-upC. warming of the engineD. water expansion and make-upB91. The head tank is connected to the closed circuit at _____A. engine inletB. pumps inletC. heat exchangeinlet D. engine outletD92. The jacket water temperature is regulated to maintain a constraint temperature of ___A. engine inletB. pumps inletC. heat exchangerinlet D. engine outlet第二组Following a security incident, in which the response measures outlined in the Ship Security Plan (SSP) have been activated, there will be a thorough review of their effectiveness and details will be made available, on request, to persons duly authorized by the Ship’s Flag State Administration. The Ship Security Plan is not subject to detailed inspection (other than confirming its existence on the ship) by duly authorized officials of a port State unless there are “clear grounds”to believe that the ship as not in compliance with the requirement of SOLAS or the ISPS Code, and the only means to verify or rectify thenon-compliance is to review the relevant sections of the Plan. In such cases, access to the Restricted parts of the Plan relating to the non-compliance is exceptionally allowed, but only with the consent of the Flag State, or the master, If the master, in his professional judgment, believes that such “clear grounds” exist, and allowing access to relevant sections of the Restricted part of the Plan might resolve the situation, such access can be exceptionally granted. However, this should be immediately reported by the ship to the Company Security Officer (CSO). If access to the Restricted part of the Plan is denied by the master, this should be immediately reported by the ship to Company Security Officer for guidance and reference to the Flag State. The Confidential part of a SSP cannot be subject to non-flag State inspection unless otherwise agreed by the contracting governments concerned. Any such request or demand by ort state officials to view sections of the confidential part of the Plan will be immediately reported by the ship to the Company Security Officer for guidance and reference to the flag State before any details are revealed to non-flag State officials. The Confidential provisions, which from an integral partof this Plan, are held by the Ship Security Officer (SSO)C93. After security incident, the revision of the SSP will made by ______A. the SCOB. the SSOC. persons duly authorized by the Ship’s Flag State AdministrationD. information not givenD94. Which statement is True?A. The Port State Control Officer has no right to check a SSPB. The M aster has the right to refuse the request from a Port State Control Officer to check the confidential part of the SSP on boardC. The Confidential part of a SSP can never been subject to non-flag StateD. Even the flat State has no right to check the SSP thoroughlyB95. The Restricted parts of a SSP are kept on board by ______A. the CSOB. the SSOC. the Flag StateD. the masterC96. After the SSP being checked by a duly authorized officials of a port State, whom should be reported to by the ship immediately?A. Port StateB. Flag stateC. The CSOD. The Administration[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]11 / 11。

轮机英语关联题(附答案)m二三管轮...教材

关联题（136题）Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pin.s. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Compressor cleaning during engine operationThe compressor may be cleaned by water injection during the engine operation. The cleaning process will have good results as long as the deposit formation has not gone too far. In ease a very thick hardened crest of dirt the compressor has to be dismantled for cleaning.In this method of cleaning the water is not acting as a solvent but instead removes the deposits mechanically by the impact of the water droplets. It is therefore recommended to use clean water without additives. The water should not contain any additives which might remain on the compressor blades.Periodically cleaning of the compressor (Fig. 4-2) prevents or delays excessive build-up of dirt but in no way replaces the usual overhauls where the turbocharger is completely dismantled.The turbocharger is provided with a water container (1). During the cleaning procedure the container is pressurized with the charge air (2) and from where the water is forced to the compressor inlet (3).1. Which of the following statements can be used to clean the compressor with the engine running?A. Water droplets Water with additives C. Charge air D. Hard crust2. What principal is used in this method of cleaning?A. The cleanser solves the deposits.B. The cleanser melts the deposits.C. The cleanser beats the deposits mechanically.D. The high pressure of the cleanser removes the deposits.3. Which of the following statements is not correct?A. The compressor needs regular cleaning.B. Periodical cleaning of the compressor contributes to reducing build-up of dirt.C. It’s not necessary to dismantle the turbocharger if periodical cleaning of the compressor is performed.D. Additives should better be avoided during the cleaning process.4. The cleaning water should not contain any additives, because_____.A. they may delay build-up of dirtB. they might remain on the blades of the compressorC. they may be forced to the compressor inletD. they are not good solventsACCBPassage 3Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 -100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression “HT”probably means ______.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERA TUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ______.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ______.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 4The vibration damper serves to reduce the torsional vibration generated by the crankshaft. The damper consists of a housing and a free rotating inertia ring supported by an axial bearing. It forms a totally enclosed unit. The free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a high viscous fluid. When the crankshaft rotates at constant speed, the inertia ring will follow this movement. The combustion pressure exerted on each piston generates vibration in the crankshaft, and each variation generated by such a vibration will affect the movement of the inertia ring. The resulting shift of the ring to the damper housing is opposed by the viscous fluid and the vibration will be reduced.The energy, absorbed during the process, is converted into heat and then radiated to the surrounding air. Hence, proper ventilation of the damper is essential.The viscous damper fluid is during engine operation subjected to ageing and the fluid becomes more viscous. In sending fluid samples on a regular base to the damper manufacturer the rate in reduction of the viscosity can be determined. As sampling interval time is 6000 hours advised. Dampers with a too high fluid viscosity may cause crankshaft breakdown.The damper cover has two filling holes located 180o opposite each other and closed by screw-in filler plugs. If one of these plugs is accessible, a fluid sample container can be screwed in and a sample taken with the damper in place. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in the vertical position.For liquid sampling, a special kit can be ordered from Stork-Wartsila Diesel.1. The general description of the vibration damper tells us that_____.A. the free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a low viscous fluidB. when the inertia ring moves at constant speed , the crankshaft follows this movementC. the damper is made up of a housing and a free rotating inertia ringD. no ventilation of the damper is necessary as the vibration reduction process absorbs little energy2. Which of the following statements is not true about maintenance of the viscous damper?A. Sampling interval time for determining the quality of the fluid is 6000 hours.B. For liquid sampling, a special kit can be used.C. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in place.D. The viscous fluid in a damper becomes more viscous as time goes by.3. During the engine operation, the vibration damper can_____.A. transfer the energy of the engineB. absorb the combustion heatC. oppose the crankshaft rotatingD. reduce the vibration of the crankshaft4. According to the passage, we learn that two filling holes in the damper cover are used _____.A. to recharge the fluidB. to ventilate the damperC. to fit the containerD. to take the sampleCCDDPassage 5The vibration damper employs a high viscous fluid to oppose the shift of the inertia ring to the damper housing. It is necessary to get samples to determine the rate in reduction of the viscosity. The steps to draw off the sample are as follows(Refer to the Fig. 4-3):1. Turn the engine until the drain plugs are easy accessible. Do not unscrew the drain plug until the damper is luke warm (approx. 40o C ).2. Carefully tap the locking of the upper drain plug backwards, using a punch, and unscrew the threaded plug. Do not yet remove the plug!3. Unscrew one cap nut from the (plastic) liquid container.4. Remove the drain plug and screw the liquid container instead.5. Remove the outer cap nut from the liquid container. Make sure that no machine oil or dirt can enter the liquid container!6. Screw the outer cap nut again, once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container. The filling-up period of the liquid container may take from a few seconds up to more than an hour, depending on the liquid condition.7. Unscrew the liquid container from the damper and fit the drain plug using a new joint ring (supplied with the mounting kit).8. Fit the second cap on the liquid container.If no sample can be taken in this way, you can proceed as follows:- If still no liquid appears after a while, remove the second drain plug, too.- Supply nitrogen of 3.5 bar maximum pressure through the open filling hole.If no nitrogen is available, air may be used, provided this air is properly filtered and dry.- Once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container, cut off the supply of nitrogen and screw the cap on the liquid container.- After the nitrogen supply has cut off, unscrew the liquid container, screw the second cap and fit both drain plugs.If a liquid sample cannot be obtained this way either, it can be assumed that the damper liquid has thickened to an inadmissible value, necessitating the replacement of the damper.1. According to the passage, we can learn that_____.A. before using the container to draw off the sample, both ends of it are closedB. the liquid container must be washed with machine oil before samplingC. liquid sampling must take more than one hourD. two liquid samples should be taken every time2. If the liquid sample cannot be taken any way, it means_____.A. nitrogen pressure is too lowB. the quantity of the damper fluid is insufficientC. the viscous fluid in damper becomes too thickD. the method of liquid sampling is incorrect3. Which statement is tree about the sampling process?A. The drain plug can be unscrewed regardless of the damper temperature.B. The drain plug should not be removed until one cap nut from the liquid container is unscrewed.C. The outer cap nut must be screwed before the liquid reaches the open end of the liquid container.D. The drain plug can be fit by using the old joint ring.4. If no sample can be taken by removing the first drain plug, then which of the following is done?A. The second drain plug should be removed too.B. A pressure of 5.3 bar should be applied.C. Clean and damp air is used instead of nitrogen if the latter is not available.D. The nitrogen supply continues when the liquid has reached the outer end of the liquid container. ACBAPassage 6At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring(刺耳的) sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes’ idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston tings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process ( Fig. 4-4).It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_____.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_____.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should be carried out_____.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load4. When dealing with engine troubles, _____.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked_____.B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checkedACDBPassage 7This sequence of events is made possible by substituting ports in the bottom of the cylinder wall for the inlet and exhaust valves. There are two groups of these ports, one for exhaust and the other for scavenging air, usually on the opposite sides of the cylinder, but in some designs both groups are arranged on the same side. The exhaust ports connect with the exhaust manifold, while the scavenging ports communicate with the scavenging air receiver in which low-pressure air is stored. The exhaust ports are slightly higher than the scavenging ports, so that they are uncovered by the piston while the scavenging ports are still closed.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )1. From the paragraph above, we know that_____.A. In general, both exhaust ports and scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides of the cylinderB. The exhaust ports are on the opposite sides, but the scavenging air ports are on the same sidesC. The scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides, but the exhaust ports are on the same sidesD. Two groups of parts are never arranged on the same sides2. According to the above paragraph the exhaust ports link with_____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the scavenging air receiversC. the exhaust manifoldD. the scavenging portsThe engine is also provided with a governor which is designed to regulate the engine' s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected. When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.( The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )3. From this paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speedACBBPassage 8The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to _____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only2. What is the function of lubricating oil?A. Formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear.B. Used as a cleaner.C. As a coolant in engines.D. All of the above.Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.(The following questions are based on the passage above. )3. In which situation we should use sea water system instead of fresh water system?A. When sea water pumps are damaged.B. When sea water cooler is damaged.C. When fresh water pumps are damaged.D. The blind-flanges are broken.4. The word “merely” in this paragraph could best be replaced by_____.A. onlyB. necessaryC. butD. ifCDCAPassage 9Because the exhaust gas driven turbo-blower cannot provide enough air at low engine speeds, the pressurized air should be cooled to increase the charge air density. As the air passes through the charge air cooler, its temperature may be reduced and moisture condensed, with the condensate in danger of being carried into the engine. So a water separator should be mounted beneath the bottom part of the engine inlet manifold.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. A water separator is used in order to _____.A. keep the air from being carded into the engineB. keep the moisture from being condensedC. keep the danger from being carded into the engineD. take away the condensate from the air2. Why should we use a charge air cooler?A. In order to increase the charge air temperature.B. In order to increase the charge air pressure.C. In order to reduce moisture condensed.D. In order to increase the charge air density.Lubricating oil from the compressor will pass along the air lines and deposit on them, in the event of a cylinder air starting valve leaking, hot gases would pass into the air pipes and ignite the lubricating oil. If starting air were supplied to the engine, this would further feed the fire and could lead to an explosion inthe pipelines. In order to prevent such an occurrence, cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintained and the pipelines regularly drained. Also oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimum, by careful maintenance.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. Which of the following may cause an explosion according to the passage?A. Starting air cannot be supplied into the engine.B. Air starting valve leaks and starting air is supplied into the engine.C. Cylinder-starting valves are properly maintained.D. Oil discharged from compressors is kept to a minimum.4. In order to avoid igniting the lubricating oil and leading to an explosion in the pipelines, _____.A. pipelines should be regularly drainedB. cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintainedC. oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimumD. A+B+CDDBDPassage 10Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine. The fuel oil system for a diesel engine can be considered in two parts: the fuel supply and the fuel injection system. When the atomized fuel is injected into the combustion space, ignition is not altogether instantaneous, a definite time lag being measurable between the time of injection and ignition. The period of ignition lag depends, among other factors, on the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. This paragraph tells us that_____.A. ignition takes place before the injection of the atomized fuelB. ignition takes place simultaneously with the injection of the atomized fuelC. the period of ignition lag depends only on the quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed airD. the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air are the two main factors determining the period of ignition lag2. “instantaneous瞬间的” in the passage probably means_____.A. simultaneous（同时的）B. afterC. beforeD. whenThe crankshaft is built up, the forged main bearing journals being shrunk into cast steel crank throws. The crank throws are displaced from each other to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throws. The alignment of the crankshaft in the bedplate should be checked at intervals to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stresses, which, under extreme conditions, may cause crankshaft failure.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. What does the word “alignment” mean in this passage?A. the bedplate is checked at intervalsB. to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stressesC. to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throwsD. arrangement in a straight line4. The number of degrees between the different crank throws should beA. all the sameB. a little bit differentC. smallerD. largerDADAPassage 11During overhaul the safety roles have to be observed as required in order to prevent the danger of accidents. Special precaution is necessary when the engine is running with lagging removed. During overhauls, with the engine shut down, safety measures should be taken to avoid undesirable turning of the crankshaft. All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw plugs or connections.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. During overhaul, we have to observe the safety rules, in order to _____.A. avoid desirable turning of the crankshaftB. make all pipes pressure-relievedC. avoid the danger of accidentsD. let the crankshaft turn undesirably2. Before the repair work is started, _____.A. engine should be pressure-chargedB. the pressure in all pipes should be increasedC. all pipes should be pressure-relievedD. the air in some pipes should be relievedFresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind flanges.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. From this paragraph, we can see that_____.A. the cylinder jackets and covers are cooled by fresh water and then by sea waterB. fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engineC. fresh water is used for the cooling of the main engineD. sea water is used for the cooling of both the fresh water and the main engine4. According to the paragraph, the term “various cooling liquids” refers to_____.A. fresh water and sea waterB. air and fresh waterC. fresh water and cooling oilD. sea water and airCCBCPassage 12The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation. There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections andmechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions.Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block. The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence “The circulating fresh water should be treated ...” (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be _____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary2. Which of the following statements is true?A. The cooling water system does not need maintenance if it works normally.B. The circulating fresh water does not need special treatment when in normal operation.C. In completely closed cooling water system scale will not be formed.D. Deposits in the cooling water system may not be formed over the length of time.3. Which of the following statements about the first sentence in paragraph 1 is true?A. The engine is installed by the manufacturer free of charge.B. The engine should be warmed in advance before installing.C. The installation must be conducted according to the instructions.D. The installation may be carried out freely.4. We can _____ to find out about the scale in the cooling water space of the cylinder cover.A. overhaul the cylinder linersB. remove the plugs in the sides of the headsC. open the inspection coversD. withdraw the pistonsDACBPassage 13Mechanical cleaningA great deal of the deposits consists of loose sludge and solid particles which can be brushed and rinsed off with water. On places where the accessibility is good, e.g. cylinder liners, mechanical cleaning of considerably harder deposits is efficient. In some cases it is advisable to combine chemical cleaning with a。

《轮机英语》最新题库注解

《轮机英语》老题库注解陈黄骞编写1. 船舶在加装燃油结束后，在拆卸油管前，一般用压缩空气吹洗残留在软管内的油。

2. "发动机备车"就是使发动机准备起动。

3. 机座是发动机的基础，如无其支撑，发动机的整体，尤其是轴的对中都将无从保证。

4. 飞重通常被用在机械-液压式调速器中感受发动机的速度。

5. 直列式和V型发动机的机架上一般都有道门以提供曲轴和连杆大端轴承的维修通道。

6. 回流扫气中，温度较低的扫气空气和温度较高的废气通过相邻的气口，引起缸套材料的温差问题。

7. 十字头销变椭圆了，需要光车。

8. 联锁装置用来防止在发动机换向完成之前起动空气进入气缸。

9. 燃油和滑油在进入发动机之前，都需要经过处理。

"Both A and B"意"A和B两者都"；"neither A nor B"意"既不是A也不是B"；"either A or B"意"A、B两者之一"。

10. 有时采用滑油来冷却活塞因其漏入曲柄箱不会产生（污染）问题。

11. 通过吹入新鲜空气驱除废气的过程称为扫气。

12. 淡水用来冷却气缸和气缸头，咸（海）水用来冷却润滑油，冷却器中的淡水和空冷器中的增压空气。

13. 造成发动机运行过程中功率下降或失速，首要的可能原因是轴承过热。

14. 发动机曲轴失中可以通过测量臂距差来判断。

15. 发动机A形机架的顶部有一坚固的铸铁框架称为扫气箱。

16. 铝质活塞具有惯性小（重量轻）、热膨胀系数大的特点。

17. 回流扫气式发动机中，扫气口和排气口布置在同一侧。

18. 值班人员不能做任何影响他们对主要机械和相关设备监视职责的工作。

19. 气阀推杆间隙过小会引起排气阀过早打开、过晚关闭。

20. 气阀推杆间隙过大会引起排气阀过晚打开、过早关闭。

21. 气阀推杆间隙过大会引起排气阀过晚打开、过早关闭。

轮机三管轮考证英语41试题加答案

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.A. cross-headB. spark plugC. connecting rodD. cylinder2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, iscommonly classed as a ______.A. slow-speed dieselB. medium-speed dieselC. high-speed dieselD. constant-speed diesel3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engineoperating efficiency?A. ImpellerB. CompressorC. After-coolerD. Exhaust diffuser4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______.A. it has a longer power strokeB. more air gets into the cylinder each strokeC. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedD. higher combustion pressure is developed5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______.A. cam followersB. push rodsC. combustion gasesD. valve springs6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be dividedinto two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______.A. the pulse-phase systemB. the pulse Doppler systemC. the pulse systemD. the pulse interval system7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over-speed.A. cutting power off the engineB. increasing the fuel pump settingC. braking the crankshaftD. stabilizing the ship speed8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moisture.B. Test the relief valves.C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter.9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. seawater pressureD. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases fromthe main engine.A. an diesel oil heaterB. a waste heat boilerC. a fresh water generatorD. a donkey boiler12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______.A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressureB. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiencyC. recycle exhaust gas to the turbochargerD. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blow down the gage glassD. assure protective steam flow14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______.A. increased heat transferB. fireside erosionC. high steam demandD. overheated tubes16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with areciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Uponaccidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build upA. I, IIB. II, IIIC. I, II, IIID. II only17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts?A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing.B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out.C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump.D. They increase the strength of the shaft.18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______.A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completelyemptiedB. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped outC. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wellsD. discharge pressure will be too high.19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps?A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed.B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened.C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction.D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed.20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to______.A. closely observe the pump discharge temperatureB. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressureC. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressureD. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records21.Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between awarmer and a cooler substance?A. RadiationB. ConductionC. Natural convectionD. Contact directly22. A re-heater in an air conditioning system functions to ______.A. control inlet air temperatureB. control inlet air volumeC. maintain relative humidity at 15%D. restore conditioned air temperature to a comfortable level23.In a chilled water air conditioning unit using a reciprocating compressor, the refrigerating effectof the primary refrigerant can be increased by ______.A. increasing refrigerant pressure in the coilB. increasing chilled water flow through the coolerC. sub-cooling the refrigerant in the condenserD. superheating the refrigerant in the compressor24.Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressoras a result of ______.A. wax precipitation in the lube oilB. contamination by dust, scale, or moistureC. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilD. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity25.Placing a filter on the ______of an oily water separator will “polish” the discharge butoverloading must be avoided.A. suction sideB. discharge sideC. by-pass pipeD. sampling pipe26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______.The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agent （消毒剂）D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. Wechanged the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder32.The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators,include ______.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator33.Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a drinking water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve34.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinder body36.In a general cargo crane, ______is fitted to lift the cargo load.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan moter37.______are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches38.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate39.Dual (双的)electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A. with both pumps on line at the same time B．with one pump on standbyC．with the follow-up gear disconnected D．only when the rudder is moved amidships40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41.An electrical device which employs a stationary armature and a rotating electromagnetic field isused aboard ship as a ______.A. magnetic amplifierB. ship's service alternatorC. three-wire DC generatorD. saturable core reactor42.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .A. D.C.B. A.C. C. generatorD. fresh water generator43.Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ______.A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch44.______shall be continuously powered and shall have an automatic changeover to a stand bypower supply in case of loss of normal power supply .A. Cooling systemB. Alarm systemC. The air conditioning installationD. The mooring equipment45.Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind ______andonly the operation handles and instruments are on the frontA. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface46.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards47.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.A. heat-resisting acrylicB. heat-resisting aluminumC. insulating varnishD. insulating white lead49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. should short the circuit when overloaded50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.A. diode(二极管)B. amplifierC. circuit breakerD. capacitor51.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid52.When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unitor console should be ___.A. automatically controlledB. off powerC. continuously mannedD. continuously unmanned53.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the ______gear put in, all drains andindicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55. A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation57.To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.A. close all openings to the areaB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. cool the bulkheads around the fireD. shut off all electric power 58.The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack59.After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______.A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment'sentranceB. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administration.C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.61.To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thatpersonnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery andelectronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spacesII. Bunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II65.Your ship’s certificates show that you did not do renewing work for certificate. All certificateshave expired a few days before. Thus, your ship is ______.It follows therefore that she will______.A. seaworthy / be fined in our portB. un-seaworthy/ be disassembled in our portC. seaworthy / be assembled in our portD. un-seaworthy / be detained in our port66.“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a______.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer withoutdelay______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in ma chinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship’sspeedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not tomaintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable avessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. efficiencyD. safety73.The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused74.______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall bemaintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 4二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 75. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal levelB. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze in the funnelC. orange flame tipD. swirl oil spray三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. 船舶加油期间，如发现船舶附近水面有油或发生溢油事故，都应立即停止加油作业。

轮机英语历年真题42期

中华人民共和国海事局2007年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第42期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.The ______engine is used for alternators and some times for main propulsion with a gearbox toprovide a propeller of between 90 to 120 rpm.A. four-strokeB. two-strokeC. slow speedD. reversible2.The discharge flow of a reciprocating pump is ______.A. steadyB. in pulsationC. continuousD. large3.The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its ______.A. viscosityB. acid contentC. heating valueD. ignition quality4.Always ensure that the turning gear is______, even at the quay, the wave from other ships mayturn the propeller and thus the engine.A. disengagedB. engagedC. assembledD. disassembled5.Camshafts are usually driven by timing gears or ______.A. push rodsB. chain drivesC. rocker armsD. flywheels6.The cylinder oil is pumped into the cylinder (via non-return valves) when the piston rings pass thelubricating orifices, during______.A. the upward strokeB. the downward strokeC. the power strokeD. the suction stroke7.The total starting air capacity required for reversible main engines is to be sufficient for a least______.A. six consecutive(连续的) startsB. eight consecutive startsC. ten consecutive startsD. twelve consecutive starts8. A dirty diesel engine oil filter element can best be detected by ______.A. visual inspection of the elementsB. the pressure drop across the filterC. high lube oil sump temperatureD. decrease in oil viscosity from the filter9.Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be ______.A. cooled to appropriate temperatureB. warmed up gradually to appropriate temperatureC. opened up and renewedD. ground and polished10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.The maximum pressure developed by a waste heat boiler is determined by the main engineexhaust ______.A. gas compositionB. gas temperatureC. pressureD. timing 12.______continuously extract the crankcase atmosphere, via a pipe system, and move it past asensitive and accurate opacity (不透明)measuring track.A. The oil mist detectorsB. The smoke detectorsC. An oily water monitorD. Oil discharge monitoring and controlling system13.The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______.A. dissolved oxygenB. chloridesC. sludgeD. dissolved nitrogen14. A firebox explosion in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler may be the result of ______.A. excessive purging before lighting offB. insufficient trail for ignition periodC. a faulty transformer in the ignition circuitD. insufficient purging after lighting off15. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______.A. boiler water level is lowB. feed-water is too hotC. boiler steam demand is lowD. feed-water is too cold16.The gear and screw pumps are classified as______.A. variable stroke pumpsB. multistage pumpsC. positive displacement pumpsD. triple-ported pumps17.The pressure of a liquid leaving the pump can be referred to as the ______.A. total headB. discharge headC. net positive suction headD. suction head18.Which of the valves listed will be cycled from fully open to fully closed when the handle isturned 90 degree?A. A rising stem gate valveB. A globe stop valveC. A check valveD. A butterfly valve19. A pump shaft that is bent or distorted should normally be ______.A. repaired by a suitable welding processB. straightened by applying heat and torsionC. reconditioned by metallizing and machiningD. replaced with a satisfactory spare20. A centrifugal pump may fail to deliver water when first started if the ______.A. water seal pipe is pluggedB. pump is not primedC. seal ring is improperly locatedD. impeller is flooded21.Which of the following conditions must exist for heat to flow from one object to another?A. The two objects must be in physical contact.B. The two objects must be the same size.C. There must be an existing temperature differential.D. There must be an existing weight differential.22.The dew point of air is reached when the wet bulb temperature is ______.A. twice the dry bulb temperatureB. 10℃ above the dry bulb temperatureC. 5℃ above the dry bulb temperatureD. equal to the dry bulb temperature23.If air at 95 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity is conditioned to 75 ℃ dry bulbtemperature and 50% relative humidity, it is an example of ______.A. cooling onlyB. cooling and humidifyingC. cooling and dehumidifyingD. adiabatic(绝热的) cooling24.In order to achieve greater dehumidification(除湿) with an air conditioning system, you should______. I. reduce the cooling coil temperature II. increase the re-heater temperatureA. I onlyB. II onlyC. Both I and IID. Neither I nor II25.Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out ______.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled______. The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The oil sludge is burnt in the ______onboard. I’ll show you the ashes.A. boilerB. main engineC. auxiliary engineD. incinerator29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agentD. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.Great care is dedicated to the removal of _____ from the scavenge air.A. gravityB. viscosityC. densityD. humidity31.Dirty oil must be _____ before being used again.A. mixed with clean oilB. purifiedC. heatedD. strained32.When a vacuum boiling evaporator works, the hot jacket water will pass over the tube stack and___ the sea water passing through the tubes.A. disposeB. dissolveC. heatD. dissipates33.When securing a flash-type evaporator for an extended period of time, you should ______.A. fill the unit with saltwaterB. fill the unit with descaling compoundC. completely drain the unitD. tightly seal the unit to exclude air34.Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to allow the hydraulicenergy to be controlled?A. hydraulic pumpsB. valvesC. hydraulic cylindersD. hydraulic motors35.Positive displacement, helical gear(斜齿轮) pumps are well suited for pumping oil because______.A. stuffing boxes eliminate the leakage problems usually associated with other gear pumpsB. it is not necessary to closely maintain design clearances with this pumpC. they are essentially self-priming and produce a high suction liftD. these pumps are designed with extreme tooth angles36.The oil in a cargo winch gear box should be sampled periodically(周期性地) to ______.A. prevent the gear box from leakingB. prevent the oil from becoming inflammable(易燃的)C. make sure it has not become contaminated(污染)D. make sure the motor bearings are lubricated37.If an anchor windlass has been idle for some time, you should ______.A. repack all valve stemsB. lubricate it prior to useC. replace the foundation boltsD. balance the warping heads 38. A mooring winch should be equipped with mechanical brakes capable of holding ______.A. half the breaking strength of the mooring lineB. the full breaking strength of the mooring lineC. the maximum expected tension(张力) of the mooring lineD. 50% over the working tension of the mooring line39.Hydraulic cranes must be properly warmed-up before being operated because ______.A. warm-up allows the hydraulic system to become charged with oilB. warm-up allows the relief valves to be properly testedC. hydraulic strainers operate only during the warm-up periodD. hydraulic fluid must be at the proper viscosity40.The current flowing first in one direction and then in another is called ____ current.A. a rushB. an alternatingC. a directD. an exciting41.The frequency of an alternator at a given RPM is determined by the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage42.While paralleling two AC generators using synchronizing(同步的) lamps only, both lamps willgo dark when the generators are ______.A. running at the same speedB. groundedC. of the same polarity(极性)D. in phase43.The load sharing characteristics of two diesel generators operating in parallel are mostlydependent on their governor ______.A. load limit settingsB. idle speed settingsC. speed limit settingsD. speed droop settings44.Electric insulation is made of organic substances and so gradually ______with age.A. deterioratesB. increasesC. are fouledD. becomes better45.The main generators are connected to ______.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards46.The operation of _____ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.A. controlB. series-mountingC. runningD. paralleling47.______is a machine by which electrical energy is transformed into mechanical energy.A. An alternatorB. An electric motorC. A diesel engineD. A main switchboard48. A ground in an electrical circuit outside the engine room ______.A. cannot be detected under normal conditionsB. is of no consequence to engineering personnelC. is indicated at the branch circuit breaker panelD. is indicated by the ground detecting lamps on the main switchboard49.Time delayed or delayed action-type fuses are designed to ______.A. prevent grounds in branch circuitsB. prevent opens in motor circuitsC. permit momentary overloads without meltingD. guard lighting and electronic circuits50.When voltage and current developed in an AC circuit reach their peak values at the same time,the power factor is ______.A. laggingB. leadingC. maximumD. minimum51.When there is a fire in a large electric motor, normally the very FIRST step is to ______.A. secure the electric supplyB. ventilate area to remove smokeC. start the fire pump and lead out hoseD. apply foam52.Before “stand by” is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main diesel engine a brieftrial ______ahead and astern.A. with powerB. on powerC. with airD. on air53.Bridge orders must be ______and a record of any required changes in speed and direction shouldbe kept.A. slowly carried awayB. carried out with a period of delayC. promptly carried outD. paid by the captain54.After the order ' ______' is given, the air system is shut down, the turning gear put in.A. Finished With EngineB. Stop The EngineC. Stand-by EngineD. Slow-down Engine55. A tank has been sealed and unventilated(不通风的) for a long period of time. Which of thefollowing conditions does this indicate?A. The tank is safe to enter.B. The tank is especially dangerous to enter.C. Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) is present.D. Water vapor present when the tank was sealed has oxidized(使氧化).56.Fires involving combustible metals are classified as ______.A. class 'A' firesB. class 'B' firesC. class 'C' firesD. class 'D' fires57.The three basic components of a fire are chain reaction, heat, fuel, and ______.A. carbon monoxideB. oxygenC. carbon dioxideD. any gaseous substance58.CO2 extinguishes a fire by __________.A. a blanket of bubbles formed on the surface of the fireB. smotheringC. isolating the heat from the fuelD. cooling59.Seawater may be used for drinking water ______.A. at a maximum rate of two ounces(盎司) per dayB. after mixing with an equal quantity of fresh waterC. if gather during or immediately after a hard rainD. under no circumstance60.Obviously, for a given fuel oil, its pour point is ______its cloud point.A. lower thanB. higher thanC. as same asD. better than61.Now that the valve is not worth ______, I suggest it ______.A. to repair/renewingB. repairing/renewingC. to repair/ be renewedD. repairing/be renewed 62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thepropulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine room is watched by duty personnel.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to ______.A. every oil tankerB. every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and aboveC. every shipD. any ship65.“Inability to provide for the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and for subsequentrelieving watches persons who are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.” is considered to be one of the detainable deficiencies(缺乏) under ______.A. the SOLAS ConventionB. the MARPOL ConventionC. the STCW ConventionD. the LOAD LINE Convention66.The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to theseduties on the ______.A. Navigation Log BookB. Engine Room Log BookC. Oil Record BookD. Muster List67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.During an engine room watch if immediate action is necessary to ensure safety of the ship, itsmachinery and crew, ______.A. the chief engineer must be informed at firstB. the captain must be informed at firstC. it must be taken by the duty engineerD. the generator engine must be stopped69.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust70.According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areasfrom ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______.A. welcomeB. admitted in some special sea areasC. prohibitedD. acceptable71.In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of chemical agents would ______.A. absorb the oil for easy removalB. remove the oil from the waterC. disperse(分散) or dissolve the oil in the waterD. not affect the oil72.The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is to specify ______for the construction,equipment and operation of ships, compatible their safety.A. at most referencesB. at least referencesC. maximum standardsD. minimum standards73.These acid residues must be prevented from entering the crankcase, otherwise the lube oil wouldbe _______ .A. optimizedB. emulsifiedC. contaminatedD. oxidated74.The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account theguidance given in Part B of______.A. the ISM CodeB. the ISPS CodeC. the IBC CodeD. the IGC Code二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The clearly visible benefit of RT-flex engines is their smokeless operation at all ship speeds. This is achieved by the superior combustion performance with the common-rail fuel injection.This system maintains the fuel injection pressure at the optimum level right across the engine speed range, ensuring optimum combustion under all operating conditions. In addition, a selective shut-off of single injectors at very low speeds and an optimized exhaust valve timing help to keep smoke emissions below the visible limit.Sulzer RT-flex engines also have the advantage of steady running at lower speeds than engines with mechanically-controlled injection. They can run very steadily, and without smoking, at 10-12% of nominal speed, which for the RT-flex 60C is about 10-14rpm. This is made possible by the precise control of injection, together with the higher injection pressures achieved at low speed, and the sequential shut-off injectors.75.According to above massage, the advantage of common-rail injection is______.A. smokeless operationB. shockless operationC. noiseless operationD. no vibration operation76.According to above massage, RT-flex engine can optimize______.① fuel injection pressure② combustion ③ exhaust valve timingA. ①②B. ①②③C..③D. ②77.The key feature of the Sulzer RT-flex system is that it gives complete freedom in the _____ andoperation of fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation.A. meteringB. timingC. controlD. using78.The RT-flex engine can run at very low speed, this is made possible by following things except_______.A. the precise control of injectionB. the higher injection pressuresC. the optimized exhaust valve timingD. the sequential shut-off injectors 三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79、（轮机日志）上午10时30分，由于不明原因运行中NO.1发电机跳闸，导致全船失电,NO.2发电机自动起动恢复正常供电。

轮机英语关联题

The engine is also provided with a governor which is designed 第4题to regulate the engine's speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected.第3题When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.3. From the second paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection注：如果发动机转速高于设定值，调速器要降低燃油供应量。

4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speed注：发动机的调速器被用来调节发动机速度5. According to the second paragraph what does "which" refer to?A. EngineB. GovernorC. SpeedD. The quantity of oil injectedPassage 8第二题The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its 第三题main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. 第一题The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to_____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only注：强制供应系统被投入使用，为了在轴颈和轴承面上保持一层油膜。

轮机员考试真题二及答案

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第39期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：806适用对象：近洋航区750-3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题：1.The needle valve will open when the fuel pressure acting on the needle valve ______exerts asufficient force to overcome the spring compression.A. tape faceB. tapered faceC. surfaceD. thinner face2.The bearings used to support the crankshaft are generally called ______.A. line shaft bearingsB. connecting rod bearingsC. main bearingsD. support bearings3.For Vee-form engines, ______is shaped to given two slopping surface on which ______are placedat the correct relative angle to each other.A. the bottom of the column/ the cylinder blocksB. the top of the column/ the cylinder headsC. the top of the column/ the cylinder blocksD. the bottom of the column/ the cylinder heads4.In a diesel engine, fuel must be broken up into a spray of fine droplets to ______.A. increase its qualityB. obtain complete burningC. reduce its weightD. all of the above5.An increased pressure differential between the inlet and outlet of a strainer usually indicates thestrainer is ______.A. holedB. fouledC. cleanD. dry6.The purpose of the delivery check valve used in a diesel fuel injection jerk pump is to ______.A. assist in a quick cutoff of fuel injectionB. allow oil backflow from the injector to the helixC. reduce fuel oil pressure between injection strokesD. meter the quantity of fuel delivered7.Excessive clearances in the main or crank-pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by______before any bearing knock is heard.A. loss of flow in the fuel systemB. loss of pressure in the air systemC. loss of flow in the lubricating systemD. loss of pressure in the lubricating system8.The fuel oil is drawn from a tank in the double bottom and pumped to _____.A. a buffer tankB. a centrifugeC. a service tankD. a settling tank9.The outlet from an expansion tank of a closed freshwater cooling system should be piped to the______.A. cylinder head water outlet headerB. cylinder jacket inlet mainC. heat exchanger inlet connectionD. jacket water pump suction line 10.After the order '______' is given, the air system is shut down, the turning gear put in.A. Finished With EngineB. Stop The EngineC. Stand-by EngineD. Slow-down Engine11.The way to reduce ______is to build up a film or lubricant between any two surfaces that rubagainst each other.A. frictionB. collisionC. inertiaD. resistance12.While standing by the engine, You should ______.A. turn the engineB. check oil levelC. stop fuel oil pumpD. A and B13.To start the ejection process ,the oil feed to the centrifuge is first shut off and the oil remaining inthe bowl removed by admitting ______.A. flashing waterB. operating oilC. flushing waterD. sealing water14.Higher than normal jacket water temperatures occurring in all cylinders of a diesel engine canresult from a/an ______.A. oil suction line restrictionB. correct amount of coolantC. cavitation erosion in the water jacketsD. clogged sea suction strainer15.Close the______.A. keywayB. shaftC. packingD. valve16.Which pump is the self-priming pump?A. turbineB. centrifugalC. GearD. axial flow17.A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______.A. boiler water level is lowB. feedwater is too hotC. boiler steam demand is lowD. feedwater is too cold18.A simple pumping system consists of a suction branch, a pump and______.A. a priming deviceB. a discharge branchC. a filterD. a suction valve19.The lube oil cooler is located after the lube oil filter in order for ______.A. the filter to operate more efficientlyB. the lube oil cooler to be bypassedC. positive lube oil pump suction to be assuredD. galvanic action(流电产生的作用) in the cooler to be minimized20.A check valve is another name for______.A. a test valveB. an inspection valveC. a stop valveD. a non-return valve21.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.A. bottom blow the boilerB. treat the water with caustic soda(苛性钠)C. treat the water with chemicalD. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings22.In the hydraulic system, _____ is the power unit.A. oil pumpB. control valveC. hydraulic motorD. fittings23.Improper maintenance of the fuel oil burners in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler, couldresult in ______.A. increased fuel consumptionB. increased feed water consumptionC. fuel pump failureD. combustion control system failure24.The ______is used to treat bilge water.A. oil centrifugeB. oily water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller25.A magnetic strainer is used in the diesel engine reduction gear oil system to remove small particlesof ______.A. waterB. babbittC. iron or steelD. acids26.Here some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower ______, will separate and riseinto the oil collection space.A. temperatureB. viscosityC. densityD. velocity27.On a tank vessel, which of the following substances would be burning in a class 'B' fire?A. OilB. WoodC. RagsD. Electrical wiring28.The ______belongs to the anchor handling equipment.A. cable stopperB. winch barrelC. slewing rimD. warping drum29.The ______is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.A. windlassB. anchor capstanC. turning gearD. winch barrel30.The usual number of single-acting pistons used in a variable stroke axial-piston pump is ______.A. 3 or 5B. 5 or 7C. 7 or 9D. 9 or 1131.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. oily water separatorD. cooler32.The fresh water generator produces fresh water ______.A. by cooling sea waterB. by heating sea waterC. by evaporation of sea waterD. by purifying sea water33.After passing through the expansion valve the refrigerant should be in the state of ______.A. vaporB. liquidC. solidD. None of the above is true.34.In the condenser, the hot, high pressure refrigerant gas is cooled by the sea water and becomes ___.A. fresh waterB. vaporC. mixtureD. liquid35.Differential pressures can be measured with the use of a ______.A. diaphragm type gaugeB. pressure transducerC. manometerD. all of the above36.______is used for sensing the temperature of the room in the air condition system.A. An expansion valveB. An evaporatorC. A thermostatD. A condenser37.The purpose of a main switchboard circuit breaker's reverse-power trip is to ______.A. prevent main circuit overloadB. protect the circuit breaker blowout coilC. prevent alternator motorizationD. prevent low voltage tripout38.The operation of ______two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.A. parallelingB. series-mountingC. runningD. control39.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most large ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards40.Moisture in a D.C. motor would cause ______.A. short circuitB. speed upC. slow downD. hunting41.The operating medium for control systems may be ______.A. compressed airB. hydraulic oilC. electricityD. all of the above42.Which of the following marine examples belongs to the open loop control system?A. accommodation heating systemB. steering gearC. boiler controlD. cargo control43.The ______is used to measure the volume of a liquid or gas through a pipeline within any givenperiod of time.A. flowmeterB. viscometerC. micrometerD. feeler44.Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an ______.A. overspeed tripB. audible/visual alarmC. the ships/boats general alarmD. reserve oil storage tank45.Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devices that aresensitive to ______.A. temperatureB. pressureC. engine speedD. all of the above 46.Under which of the listed conditions can the engine room retake the throttle （减速）control fromthe bridge?A. Any time it is deemed（认为） necessary.B. Only with the master's permission.C. After a 10 minute delay to the input command.D. Only after the throttle has been placed in stop.47.Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltage.B. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected.C. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays.D. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper.48.In order to inspect both piston and cylinder wall thoroughly, the cylinder cover should be taken offand the piston should be ______.A. craned outB. rolled outC. lifted outD. turned out49.Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate ______.A. leaking exhaust valvesB. an overloaded cylinderC. a clogged injector nozzleD. all of the above.50.To successfully reduce an excessively high diesel engine exhaust gas temperature, you should ___.A. reduce the engine driven fuel pump outlet pressureB. retard the fuel injector timing to reduce powerC. increase the fuel rack settingD. reduce the load on the engine51.The bearing cap and shell are replaced and tightened up until ______.A. the “ nip ”is zeroB. the “ nap ” is zeroC. the “ gap ”is correctD. the “ clearance ” is correct52.If fuel injection to a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine begins earlier than designed, ignition may bedelayed because the ______.A. cylinder compression pressure may not be high enoughB. cylinder compression temperature may be too highC. fuel oil injection pressure may not be high enoughD. scavenge and purge process is incompletebustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under any condition permitting______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets54.Fix the fuel injector into ______after repair.A. the cylinder linerB. the cylinder coverC. the cylinder jacketD. the piston55.The reciprocating pump can’t draw water from a tank may be caused by ______.A. leaky suction pipeB. opened inlet valveC. too much water in tankD. None of the above56.______, the engine must be stopped immediately.A. Should knocking occurB. If knocking occurC. Should if knocking occursD. If occur knocking57.A water pump can not supply water after starting. It may be caused by ______.A. closed discharge valveB. broken pipe lineC. worn shaftD. both A and B58.A centrifugal pump can’t supply water after starting. You should check ______.A. priming waterB. power supplyC. discharge pressureD. bearing lubrication59.When start a screw pump, the by pass valve should be ______.A. closedB. opened fullyC. cracked openD. partly open60.It is well known that the whole power distribution of the ship’s electrical services mainly dependon the ______.A. sub-boardsB. main switchboardsC. emergency switchboardsD. distribution boards61.Defective governor in a diesel engine may lead to:A. smoky exhaustB. starting failureC. ignition relayD. over speed62.In a diesel engine, excessive cylinder liner wear will cause ______.I. increased blow-by II. wear between the piston ring and grooveA. I only is correctB. II only is correctC. both I and II are correctD. neither I or II are correct63.The crankcase can not be opened ______the parts have been cooled down.A. ifB. asC. unlessD. when64.The fire of electrical equipment is classified as ______fire.A. Class AB. Class BC. Class CD. Class D65.Upon the completion of required tests, a ______should be placed on each extinguisher, showingthe date and the person who completed the tests.A. capB. discC. tagD. cover66.If the buoyant force （浮力）on a ship's hull is equal to or greater than the displacement tonnage,the ship will ______.A. require ballast added to only the port side tanksB. be down by the headC. sinkD. float67.In the first 24 hours after abandoning a vessel, water should be given only to personnel who are __.A. thirstyB. sick or injuredC. wetD. awake68.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“______”.A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions69.Which types of portable extinguisher should you watch for the reflash of the fire?A. foam and waterB. CO 2 and dry powderC. dry powder and waterD. foam and CO 270.Auxiliary machinery covers everything onboard except______.A. main enginesB. main boilersC. pipes and fittingsD. A and B71.In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of chemical agents would ______.A. absorb the oil for easy removalB. remove the oil from the waterC. disperse or dissolve the oil in the waterD. not affect the oil72.The value of GM still remains one meter, meanwhile we can pump the ballast water to ______theship on even keel.A. makeB. putC. keepD. get73.The class of fire on which a blanketing effect is essential to extinguish the fire is ______.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D74.The possibility of damage from operating a diesel engine at critical speeds is reduced by the use of______.A. an isochronous(同步的) governorB. elastic(弹性的) engine mountsC. a vibration damperD. a cast iron bed plate with good flexible qualities二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）During normal operation on heavy oil at sea, the oil is taken from the HO tanks, where it is stored. First, it is fed through a heater and next through a centrifuge for purification. It may then pass through a cooler, before being discharged to the steam-heated heavy oil service tanks. Two of these are usually fitted and they are used alternately. One tank is in use, while the other is being filled. These tanks are heated to a moderate temperature and self-closing drain valves are fitted to remove any water or sludge which may settle out. The oil is drawn from the service tank in use by pumps and discharged at low pressure to the fuel oil heater. These pumps should be in duplicate. A relief valve on the pumps will return excess pressure to the system. A viscosity regulator is fitted at the heater discharge, through which the oil will pass. This automatically controls the temperature of the oil fuel leaving the heater to maintain its viscosity within close limits. A by-pass must be fitted to the viscosity regulator. The oil is then discharged through a fine strainer to the main engine fuel pump suctions. A pressure control valve is fitted in thesystem and excess oil returned either to the heavy oil service tanks or to a balancing tank.A diesel fuel tank is included in the system with its discharge to the primary pump suctionsthrough a change-over valve. By operating this valve the engine may be operated on diesel oil.Change-over should be very gradual to allow temperatures in the system to stabilize. During this period, the excess oil will return either to the heavy oil service tanks or a balancing tank. After it has been pumped from the DO tanks, where it is stored, the diesel oil passes through a centrifuge for purification before entering the diesel oil tank.75.The word “these” in line 4 probably means ______.A. HO tanksB. a heater and a centrifugeC. a heater and a coolerD. heavy oil service tanks76.How is change over from heavy oil to diesel oil carried out?A. Step by stepB. Hand over handC. Step for stepD. Quickly77.Where are self-closing drain valves fitted?A. HO tanksB. Heavy oil service tanksC. Balancing tankD. Centrifuge78.Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?A. Two heavy oil service tanks are used meanwhile.B.“Heater” mentioned in this passage is only used to heat heavy oil.C. Two pumps are fitted, which draw oil from the service tank in use.D. Diesel oil passes to the primary pump, and then through a change-over valve.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79.所有费用由船东支付。

轮机英语关联题91篇-注解版.doc

6．关联题Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.第3题The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower 凸轮随动件(8) each suspended in 悬浮在…中a plunger of the tappet assembly挺杆组件(7), two tubular push rods空心的推杆(4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron 球墨铸铁rocker arms摇臂(2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes 吊梁(5) and a yoke guide pins导销. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers 推杆滚柱follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. 第4题The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifold throughdrillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.第2题The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.第4题To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke.第1题All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.1. According to the Passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine注：根据文章来看，调节阀间隙的最好时间是在发动机启动之前。

轮机英语关联题79和810道新题

第四章关联题79题Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine' s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is_____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ________ *A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenanceschedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 – 100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression " HT" probably means ________.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERATUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ________.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ________.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 3Starting air systemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PT301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual ( on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses the main starting air valve.After the main starting air valve is activated the air flows through the flame arrestere to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting air distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves. On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve. Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine start with engaged turning gear.1. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequence of the following devices beingactivated is ________.①solenoid valve; ② starting air valve; ③ starting air distributor; ④ main starting air valve ;⑤governor booster.A. ①,⑤,④,②,③B. ①,④,⑤,③,②C. ①,④,③,②,⑤D. ④,③,①,②,⑤2. The sentence " the governor booster is energized" ( paragraphs) probably means ________.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oil is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engine3. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pressure transmitter FT 301B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valveD. a starting air distributor4. When the engine is engaged with turning gear,________ can keep the engine from startingA. the control airB. the solenoid valveC. the main starting air valveD. the interlock valveBDBDPassage 4Starting air distributorThe starting air distributor is of the piston type with precision machined inter changeable liners.The liners as well as the pilot pistons are of corrosion resistant materials. The pilot pistons are controlled by a cam connected to the camshaft end. When the main starting valve opens, the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam, whereby the pilot piston for the engine cylinder which is in starting position admits control air to the main piston of the starting valve. The starting air valve opens and admits compressed air into the engine cylinder forcing that piston down. Shortly before the exhaust valves are opened the pilot valve interrupts the control air to the starting air valve and starting air to that cylinder is stopped. This procedure will be repeated as long as the main starting valve is activated or until the engine speed is so high that the engine fires. After the main starting air valve is closed, the main starting air system is de-aerated, the pressure drops quickly and the springs will lift the pilot plungers off the cam. This means that the pilot plungers touch the cam only during the starting process and thus wear is insignificant.If a pilot liner is worn out, press it out. It may be necessary to heat the distributor up till about 200ºC as "Loctite" is used for fixing and sealing.1. According to the passage, the liners of the starting air distributor ________.A. can be replaced when worn outB. are made of heat resistant materialsC. are welded preciselyD. are worn out easily during the starting process2. During the starting process, when ________, the main starting air valve is closed.A. the exhaust valves in the starting cylinder are openedB. the pilot air to the starting air valve is stoppedC. the engine speed reaches fire speedD. the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam3. When some cylinder of the engine admits compressed air into it, the pilot piston of the starting airdistributor should be _________.A. separated from the camB. pressed onto the camC. lifted off the camD. pressed onto the cam repeatedly4. From the passage we know that "Loctite" is probably________.A. a type of gasketB. a kind of lubricantC. a glue bondD. an anti-corrosion additiveACBCPassage 5The engine' s supporting element consists of a bedplate and frame. The bedplate can be of welded or cast design. The frame is made of cast iron. The turbocharger mounting, the housing for the air cooler and the charging air receiver are cast as an integral part of the frame. The underslung crankshaft' s main bearings are mounted in bores in the frame and secured with main bearing caps of steel. The caps are guided sideways and are secured by means of threaded studs and nuts that are tightened hydraulically.The caps are also secured with horizontal bracing screws in the frame.The bearing shells are produced with a tolerance that makes it possible to change them a set at a time without any scraping-in.The top flanges of the cylinder liners are forced against the top face of the frame by the cylindercovers , whereas at the bottom they are guided by a bottom flange through which they are free to expand under the effects of heat. Tightness between the water chamber and the crankcase is achieved with two rubber rings inserted in slots in the guide surface of the cylinder liner.The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft through a gearing, which is mounted on the engine's flywheel end and covered by a 2-part shield. The camshaft runs in steel bushes lined with white metal.In each side of the frame, large openings are provided for inspection of roller guides, cams and the main and crank bearings. The openings have covers, some of which are provided with crankcase explosion relief valves that equalize the pressure if the oil vapors in the crankcase are ignited, for example as a result of hot running.The bedplate can be used as a lubricating oil reservoir and is therefore provided with a dipstick. The oil can, however, be drained off to a special bottom tank, so that the engine runs with a dry sump.A fuel oil pump of the gear type is driven from the camshaft through a clutch. A lubricating oil pump, which is of the same type, is driven by a clutch mounted on the end of the crankshaft or, for propulsion plant, through a flexible gear wheel drive.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. the construction of an engineB. how the engine worksC. the lube and cooling system of an engineD. when the crankcase explosion occurs2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an integral part of the frame?A. Turbocharger mountingB. Bearing capsC. Air cooler housingD. Scavenging air reservoir3. The camshaft ________.A. is supported by bearingsB. may not drive the fuel oil pump in some casesC. will not drive a lube oil pumpD. All of the above are true.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The frame is made of cast iron.B. There are underslung bearings in this engine.C. Four rubber rings ensure the tightness between the crankcase and the water chamber.D. Relief valves are provided on the frame.ABDCPassage 6The cylinder cover is made of cast iron and is provided with two inlet valves, two exhaust valves, a central mounted fuel injection valve and an indicator valve. The inlet valves are mounted with separate seating rings made of special heat-resistant cast iron.These rings are pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions. The exhaust valve seatings are special, water-cooled seating rings. These rings are also pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions.Each cylinder cover is provided with cooling water from a screwed-on tubular cooling water jacket through radial bores in the thick bottom of the cover. Each of the radial bores is connected to two side bores. The cover has further separate bores that lead to the cooling water jacket and the bores in the cylinder cover to a common outlet chamber. The cylinder cover and cylinder liner are assembled by means of four threaded studs screwed into the frame. Tightening is effected by means of hydraulic tools, and sealing by means of a thin ring mounted between the cylinder cover and the cylinder liner. A starting valve ismounted on the side of the cylinder cover.The engine has oil-cooled pistons of cast iron. The pistons are provided with three compression rings and a spring-loaded scraper ring. A space for cooling oil is provided at the top of the piston. The scraper ring prevents lubricating oil from being drawn up into the combustion chamber.Oil for cooling the piston crown is led from a bore in the crankshaft through a channel in the connecting rod and the connecting rod journal, to die bushing for the gudgeon pin. This bushing is provided with an annular groove from which part of the oil is led for lubricating the gudgeon pin. Tile remaining oil continues through bores in the gudgeon pin and the piston to piston cooling chamber.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. cylinders and cylinder coversB. cylinders and pistonsC. cylinder covers and pistonsD. cylinders and oil2. Which of the following may be provided on top of the cylinder cover';'A. Two exhaust valvesB. A starting valveC. An indicatorD. All of the above3. Which of the following is true?A. The inlet valve seating rings are of heat-resistant cast steel.B. There are six studs by which the cylinder cover and lin er are tightened.C. The exhaust valve seatings are cooled by water.D. A copper ring is mounted between the cylinder cover and the liner.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The pistons are cooled by oil.B. Four piston rings are fitted to each piston.C. The scraper ring scrapes the oil downwards.D. The piston cooling is of splash type -CACDPassage 7Each of the engine cylinders is provided with a Bosch, type PF, fuel pump. The fuel pump is a single-acting plunger pump with non-adjustable stroke. The plunger is so accurately ground and lapped that its clearance inside the barrel is only 0.002 ~ 0.003 nun. This provides sufficient tightness between plunger and barrel, even at pressures as high as 200 - 400 bar, without the need for sealing materials. Neither the plunger nor the barrel can therefore be renewed individually. The plunger pressure stroke is produced by a cam on the engine camshaft, whereas the return stroke, the suction stroke is effected by means of a strong coil spring. The top of the pump barrel is closed by a spring-loaded pressure valve, to which the fuel oil pipe for the respective fuel valve on the relevant engine cylinder is connected.Regulation of the amount of fuel delivered by the fuel pump is achieved by turning the pump plunger, the cylindrical surface of which has a milled recess. The bottom of this recess ends with an edge, which is at right angles to the cylinder generating lines, whereas the top of the recess is limited by a helix. This produces an inclined control edge on the plunger, which also has a narrow longitudinal groove. In the pump barrel are drilled two diametrical holes through which the fuel oil can flow into the fuel pump barrel. The pump barrel is surrounded by a regulating sleeve, the upper end of which is shaped as a toothed rim. The lower end has two lengthwise slots in which projecting lugs on the lower end of the plunger can slide up and down. The end of the regulating rod from the engine governor is designed as a toothed rack thatengages with the toothed rim on the end of the regulating sleeve. This makes it possible to turn the pump plunger during engine operation.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. The fuel pump ________.A. is of PF typeB. is of reciprocating typeC. has an inlet valve and an outlet valveD. A and B are true.2. The plunger ________.A. is accurately ground and lapped outside the barrelB. has a tiny clearance inside the barrelC. can be renewed individually when worn outD. All of the above are true3. Which of the following is true?A. The stroke of the plunger can be adjustedB. The outlet valve is spring loadedC. The plunger down stroke is accomplished by the springD. B and C are true.4. It can be inferred that when moving the rack ________.A. the sleeve moves up and downB. the plunger moves up and downC. the effective stroke of the pump will be changedD. All of the above are true.DBDCPassage 8Governing prime movers, particularly diesel engines, require careful consideration. The cyclic variations of a diesel cycle can be passed into the governor drive if it is too "stiff". That is, the cyclic vibrations will be imposed on the internal gearing etc. inside the governor housing. To prevent this, some form of damper should be used on the drive into the governor. The mounting point for the governor should be rigid; a vibration mounting would soon downgrade even the best of governors. Chain or belt drives should be avoided as far as possible, as slapping of the belt or chain produces speed variations causing malfunction of the governor. Similarly the drive from the end of the camshaft is subject to torsional vibrations, and governors should not be located at that point. They should be located as close as practicable to the fuel pumps, thereby limiting the mass/inertia of operating linkage. In all cases, the governor should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time etc. On large engines there is an inertial resistance to acceleration within the masses of reciprocating and rotating elements of the engine, so that during acceleration fuel could be released to the cylinders at a faster rate than efficient combustion can burn it. In an attempt to compensate for this, and to maintain acceptable combustion during acceleration, a tapping from the scavenge space may be taken and the pressure used to regulate the rate of fuel released to the engine. This process is incorporated into the governor operating system so that the governor releases a quantity of fuel commensurate with the increase in air pressure in the scavenge space. ( during deceleration the problem is not so great, as excess air can be tolerated far more easily than can the incomplete combustion associated with insufficient air.)(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. mounting the governorsB. the scavenge pressure limit to the governorC. A and BD. how the governor regulates the fuel index2. The drive to the governor ________.A. should be rigidB. should use damperC. should use chains or beltsD. should be from the end of the cam shaft3. The governor should be mounted close to the fuel pumps ________.A. for limiting the inertia effectB. for limiting the loadC. to ensure speed droopD. to cut down the cost4. It can be inferred that with scavenge pressure limit ________.A. the engine can be accelerated rapidlyB. the engine can be decelerated rapidlyC. the governor will supply fuel oil efficientlyD. the combustion will be more complete CBADPassage 9After the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver has been opened, the air flows at full pressure through the filter to the main start valve "A" (with complicated construction), thereby applying pressure to pipe between the main start valve "A" and the starting air control valve. Providing that maneuvering hand wheel is in the "Stop" position, all other pipes are without pressure.If the wheel is turned towards the "Start" position, a pawl above the starting air control valve is actuated and the valve is opened, allowing air to flow to the main start valve "A" . It opens to allow a direct through-flow of air. All cylinder starting valves are thus exposed to air pressure and, furthermore, air flows to the starting air distributor, which is controlled by the camshaft. The distributor has a series of slide valves arranged radially around the camshaft-one slide valve for each cylinder. These supply pilot air to the cylinder starting valves with pistons in the "Start" position. The rotation of the engine crankshaft commences, after which the cylinder starting valves are opened in the correct sequence - The crankshaft is thus brought to speed of rotation necessary for compression and ignition.When the maneuvering hand wheel is turned, the governor is actuated through a flexible cable setting the fuel pumps. However, a fuel index limiting arrangement is inserted, which keeps the regulating shaft and thus the fuel pumps at zero index during the starting process, ensuring that fuel is not injected into a cylinder during the supply of starting air.When the engine crankshaft has reached the necessary speed, the hand wheel is turned further past the "Start" position with the result that the arm above the starting air control valve is released and the valve is closed and vented. At the same time, the control piston in the main start valve "A" is also vented , thus blocking the supply of air to the cylinder starting vales, the starting air distributor and the fuel index limiter. Gradually, as the handle is turned further towards the maximum position. The governor increases the fuel pump index and the crankshaft rotates more quickly. The governor ensures that the maximum permissible speed is not exceeded.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is about ________.A. starting air system and speed regulating systemB. start of the engineC. governorD. crankshaft2. If the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver is opened ________.A. the cylinder starting valves are subject to pressureB. the air flows to the starting air distributorC. the starting air control valve is actuatedD. None of the above is true.3. tf the hand wheel is positioned "start"________.A. the starting air control valve will be openedB. individual starting valve on each cylinder will be exposed to pressureC. there will be cylinder starting valve or valves openedD. All of the above are true.4. During the supply of starting air to the cylinder ________.A. air is consumedB. fuel oil may be supplied to the cylinder or cylinderd for reliable startingC. the control piston in the main start valve "A" is ventedD. All of the above are true.BDDAPassage 10The governor drive is placed on the stem end of the engine and consists of a cylindrical gear wheel which is driven by the gear wheel on the camshaft, plus a set of conical gears. The function of the governor is to control the effective stroke of the fuel pumps, so that the rev/min of the crankshaft is maintained constant within certain limits, independent of the load.The action of the governor is transferred through arms and draw rods to a longitudinal regulating shaft on which a 2-part arm is provided for each fuel pump. The 2-part arm comprises an aim holder and a spring lever which are connected by a spring, thereby enabling the governor to control the pumps even if one of the pump pistons seizes. The movement is transferred from the spring lever to the toothed rack of the pump through a linkage.The regulating shaft is also provided with a stop arm which can be moved by the piston rod in a stop cylinder that is activated when the engine' s overspeed trip comes into operation. The piston rod in the stop cylinder influences the stop arm, whereby the regulating shaft is turned and the fuel pumps are set in the "Stop" position, thus stopping the engine. The Woodward governor tries to maintain the regulating shaft in the "Running" position, but between the governor and the regulating shaft there is a flexible draw rod that can be compressed and thus allows the regulating shaft to be moved into the " Stop" position.If a cylinder is to be set out of action, e.g. when measuring the compression pressure, the spring lever and thereby the toothed rack of the relevant fuel pump is moved to the zero position.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. working of the governorB. the camshaftC. fuel index regulating of the engineD. the fuel pump2. The governor ________.A. is driven directly by the crankshaftB. is driven with chains by the camshaftC. is in the middle partD. None of the above is true.3. If a fuel pump piston seizes ________A. the stop cylinder will be activatedB. the governor will be damagedC. the relevant spring will be compressedD. the flexible joint will be compressed4. When measuring die compression pressure in the cylinder ________.A. the engine should be stoppedB. the fuel pump should be stoppedC. the toothed rack of the relevant fael pump should be moved to zero positionD. None of the above is true.CDCCPassage 11Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas . Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, "servo governors" have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines in to the desired position. This "powered" operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too smallD. All of the above are true.2. If the spring fractured ________.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off3. From the first paragraph we know that the fuel index ________.A. will exceed the predetermined upper limit on on accountB. will exceed the predetermined limit if the load is too highC. will invariably stuck。

机长英语_11规则管理级轮机英语教材中关联题13篇

The operation of paralleling two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase. The alternating current output of any machine is always changing, so for two machines to operate together their voltages must be changing at the same rate or frequency, and must be reaching their maximum (or any other value) together. They are then said to be "in phase". Use is nowadays made of a synchroscope when paralleling two a.c. machines. The synchroscope has two windings which are connected one to each side of the paralleling switch. A pointer is free to rotate and is moved by the magnetic effect of the two windings. When the two voltage supplies are in phase the pointer is stationary in the 12 o'clock position. If the pointer is rotating then a frequency difference exists and the dial is marked for clockwise rotation FAST and anti-clockwise rotation SLOW, the reference being to the incoming machine frequency. To parallel an incoming machine to a running machine therefore it is necessary to ensure firstly that both voltages are equal. Voltmeters are provided for this purpose.Secondly the frequencies must be brought into phase. In practice the synchroscope usually moves slowly in the FAST direction and the paralleling switch is closed as the pointer reached the 11o'clock position. This results in the incoming machine immediately accepting a small amount of load. A set of three lamps may be provided to enable synchronizing. The sequence method of lamp connection has a key lamp connected across one phase with two other lamps cross connected over the other phases. If the frequencies of the machines are different the lamps will brighten and darken in rotation, depending upon the incoming frequency being FAST or SLOW. The correct moment for synchronizing is when the key lamp is dark and the other two are equally bright.87. What device is used to parallel two alternators nowadays?A. A pointer.B. Two windingsC. A synchroscopeD. Two synchronizing lamps88. When two alternators are said to be "in phase", ____.A. their current outputs are changingB. their voltages are changing at the same rateC. they are connected one to each side of the paralleling switchD. they have the same maximum voltage89. In practice, the paralleling switch is closed as the synchroscope pointer reaches the 11 o'clock position while it is moving ___.A. in the FAST sectionB. in the SLOW sectionC. towards the FAST directionD. towards the SLOW direction90. The correct moment for synchronizing is when .A. three lamps are equally brightB. three lamps darken in rotationC. the key lamp is bright and the other two lamps are darkD. the key lamp is dark and the other two lamps are equally bright课本第212页轮机英语管理级教材内容关联题仅供参考！The PSCO may determine if responsible ship's personnel are familiar with their duties related to operating essential machinery, such as emergency and stand-by sources of electrical power, auxiliary steering gear, bilge and fire pumps and any other equipment essential in emergency situations. For stand-by generator engine, the responsible ship's personnel should be familiar with the possibilities to start it, automatic or by hand, blackout procedures and load-sharing system. For emergency generator, they must be familiar with the actions which are necessary before the engine can be started, different possibilities to s tart the engine in combination with the source of starting energy and the procedures when the first attempts to start the engine fail. The responsible engineering officer should be familiar with which type of auxiliary steering gear system applies to the ship, how it is indicated which steering gear unit is in operation and what action is needed to bring the auxiliary steering gear into operation. The responsible personnel ought to be familiar with the number and location of bilge pumps (including emergency bilge pumps) and fire pumps (including emergency fire pump) installed on board the ship, starting procedures for those pumps, appropriate valves to operate the pumps and most likely causes of failure of bilge pump operation and their possible remedies. The PSCO may also verify whether the responsible personnel are familiar with:(1) starting and maintenance of lifeboat engine and/or rescue boat engine,(2) emergency stops, fire detection system and alarm system operation of watertight and fire doors, and (3) change of control from automatic to manual for cooling water and lube oil systems for main and auxiliary engines and maintenance procedures for batteries.91. According to this passage, for auxiliary steering gear, the responsible ship's personnel should be familiar with .A. the possibilities to start itB. the procedures when the first attempts to start it failC. the necessary action to bring it into operationD. most likely causes of failure of it and their possible remedies92. 'The possibilities to start it' here means . ①the different emergency situations in which it should be started ②the likely or suitable choices of its starting methods ③the opportunities to get it startedA. ①B. ②C. ③D. none of ①②③93. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as essential machinery or equipment?A. The incinerator.B. The stand-by generator engine.C. The bilge pumps.D. The watertight doors.94. According to this passage, as to the emergency generator, the responsible ship's personnel must be familiar with not only the possibilities to start the engine, but also ____.A. the blackout proceduresB. the load-sharing systemC. the indication of which unit is in operationD. the source of starting energy课本第349-350页Circuit breakers must be capable of making and breaking under normal conditions and also abnormal conditions such as a short circuit. As the circuit breaker must be able to withstand closing onto a fault conditions without sustaining damage, it is of heavy construction. Fitted with an over current release mid overloads with time lags, a circuit breaker can be used as follows: to control the output of a generator; as a direct on line starter and to control outgoing feeder circuits.On modern switchboards, "draw out" circuit breakers may be fitted. In the open position the whole circuit breaker can be wound clear of the bus bars, thus full inspection and maintenance can be achieved without the necessity of de-energizing the bus bars.The "plug in" contacts joining the circuit breaker to the bus bars are not capable of taking the breaking load and it is essential that the circuit breaker is in the open position before any attempt is made to withdraw it. A mechanical interlock is fitted arranged to trip the circuit breaker before the winding handle can be inserted.The breaker also has a mid position. In this position the control circuits are still connected with the bus bar connection isolated. The electrical operation of the breaker can then be tested.Circuit breakers are normally fitted with under voltage protection and tripping is accomplished by shorting, which releases the latching in mechanism. The no-volt coil may also be open circuited by a reverse power relay and an overload trip fitted with a time delay.83. A circuit breaker can be used as follows except .A. to control outgoing feeder circuitsB. to act as a direct on line starterC. to take the breaking load on lineD. to control the output of a generator84. A "draw out" circuit breaker refers to a circuit breaker .A. which can be made clear of the bus bars by using a winding handleB. which can be made clear of the bus bars by plugging in contactsC. whose test can be carried out with the control circuits still connectedD. whose test can be carried out with the bus bar connection isolated85. A mechanical interlock is fitted .A. to take the breaking load when the circuit breaker is being withdrawnB. to put the circuit breaker, before being withdrawn, in the open positionC. to put the circuit breaker, before being withdrawn, in the mid positionD. to take the breaking load when the contacts join the circuit breaker to the bus bars86. According to this passage, the electrical operation of this kind of circuit breaker can be tested when __ .①the Circuit breaker at mid position ②the bus bar connection is isolated③the control circuits are linkedA. ①B. ②C. ②③D. ①②③课本第218-219页Under the terms of the ISPS Code, shipping companies are required to designate a Company Security Officer (CSO) for the company and a Ship Security Officer (SSO) for each of its ships. The CSO’s responsibilities include ensuring that a Ship SecurityAssessment (SSA) is properly carried out, that Ship Security Plans (SSPs) are prepared and submitted for approval by the Administration and thereafter that the plan is implemented on board each ship.The Ship Security Plan should indicate the minimum operational and physical security measures that the ship itself should implement at all times (i.e. security level1) unless required to operate at a higher security level. The plan should also indicate theadditional, or intensified, security measures the ship can take to move to and operate at security level 2 when instructed to do so. Furthermore, the plan should indicate the possible preparatory actions the ship could take to allow prompt response to instructions that may be issued to the ship at security level 3.1.Under the terms of the ISPS code, a shipping company is required to designate ______.A. SCOB. SSOC. CSO and SSOD. SSP and SSA2.Which one of CSO’responsibilities is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. ensuring that the SSA is properly carried outB. ensuring that SSPs are prepared and submitted for approvalC. ensuring that the SSA is implemented on board each shipD.performing regular security inspections of the ship3.The SSP should contain all of the following items except______.A. minimum operational and physical security measures to be taken at security level 1B. additional security measures to be taken at security level 2C. intensified security measures to be taken at security level 3D.procedures for SSA4.In order to respond quickly to instructions that may be issued to the ship at security level 3,besides additional intensified security measures ______should be included in the ship’s SSP.A. minimum security measuresB.preparatory actions that could be takenC. orders from SSOD. orders from CSO课本第402页At every dry-docking, propellers should be carefully examined and the slightest defect at once rectified. Similarly, any unusual vibration or noise whilst at sea should beinvestigated immediately and, if the cause cannot be found inboard, then the first opportunity must be taken of an under-water inspection. The expert examination and repair of propellers is a service provided by the leading manufacturers. Whenever possible, use should be made of this service because, first, it is not always easy to detect slight damage and, secondly,inexpert work can quite easily cause irreparable harm.Cracks formed at or near blade edges, no matter how small, are potentially dangerous. If a crack should be found close to the boss(within 0.45 of the propeller radius) the makers should be consulted as any repair in this region involving heating can leave very high residual stresses which can only be removed by annealing the complete propeller. Small cracks can be temporarily stopped from spreading by drilling a hole of at least 1 mm indiameter at the extremity of the crack. The hole should be plugged to avoid any risk ofcavitation.1.An under-water inspection should be taken _____.A. whenever any unusual vibration occursB. whenever any abnormal noise occursC. whenever the cause for any unusual vibration or noise while at sea cannot be foundinboardD. whenever every dry docking is carried out2.Why should the service provided by the leading manufacturers be used wherever possible ?A. Only because the service is free of charge.B. Only because it is not easy to detect slight damage.C. Only because inexpert work can quite easily cause irreparable harm.D. Because it is difficult to find slight damage and inexpert work can result in irreparableharm.3.If a crack should be found near the boss (within 0.45 of the propeller radius), which actionshould be taken first ?A. repairing this regionB. annealing the complete propellerC. consulting the makersD. drilling a hole with diameter less than 1 mm4.Which of the following statements is true ?A. If cracks formed near blade edges are very small, no care should be taken.B. Only by annealing the complete propeller can the high residual stresses be removed.C. Small cracks can be permanently stopped from spreading by drilling a hole.D. The hole should be drilled at the middle of the crack.课本第315页第4题(B)The windlass is the usual anchor-handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. 第4题(A) A more recent development, particular on larger vessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.第1题The rotating units of a split windlass consist of a cable lifter with shaped snug to grip the anchor cable, a mooring dram for paying out or letting go of mooring wires and a warp end for warping duties. 第3题Each of these units may be separately engaged or disengaged by means of a dog clutch, although the warp end is often driven in association with mooting drum. 第2题(A) spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off. Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off.The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from the spurling pipe, which is at the top and the chain or cable locker.第4题(C)Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotates about a vertical axis. 第4题(D)Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the driving machinery being on the deck below.1. According to the Passage, the rotating units of a split windlass don't include_____.A. a cable lifterB. a mooring drumC. a chain lockerD. a warp end注：根据文章来看，分离式锚机的旋转部件不包括: 锚链舱。

轮机英语关联题

Passage 14Purification第一题Heavy fuel (residuals and mixtures of residuals and distillate) must be purified in an efficient working centrifuge before entering the day tank. The fuel should be heated before centrifuging.Recommended temperatures depending on the fuel viscosity.Be sure that the correct gravity disc is used. Never exceed the flow rates recommended for the centrifuge for the grade of fuel in use. The lower the flow rate the better the purification efficiency.Recommended centrifuge flow rateViscosity at 100oC mm2/s - 10 15 25 35 45 55Viscosity at 50oC mm2/s 12 50 90 205 360 530 730 Centrifuge flow % of rated capacity 100 60 40 30 25 20 15 Sufficient separating capacity is required. 第四题C The best and most disturbance-free results are obtained with purifier and clarifier in series.第二题Alternatively the main and stand-by separators may run in parallel, but this makes heavier demands on correct gravity disc choice and constant flow and temperature control to achieve optimum results. 第四题A;D Flow rate through the centrifuges should not exceed the maximum fuel consumption by more than 10 %.In case pure distillate fuel is used, centrifuging is still recommended as fuel may be contaminated in storage tanks. 第四题B；第五题The full rated capacity of the centrifuge may be used provided the fuel viscosity is less than 12 mm2/ s at centrifuging temperature. Marine Gas Oil viscosity is less than 12mm2/s at 50o C.1. The first step of treatment of heavy fuel is_____.A. purifying with an efficient centrifugeB. entering the service tankC. heating the fuel oilD. mixing the residuals and distillate oil注：重油处理的第一步是加热滑油。

轮机英语关联题79

轮机英语关联题第四章关联题79题Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine' s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is_____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ________ *A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 – 100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50 ℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression " HT" probably means ________.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERATUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ________.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ________.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 3Starting air systemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PT301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual ( on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses the main starting air valve.After the main starting air valve is activated the air flows through the flame arrestere to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting air distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves. On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve. Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine start with engaged turning gear.1. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequence of the following devices being activated is ________.①solenoid valve; ②starting air valve; ③starting air distributor; ④main starting air valve ;⑤governor booster. A. ①,⑤,④,②,③B. ①,④,⑤,③,② C. ①,④,③,②,⑤D. ④,③,①,②,⑤ 2. The sentence " the governor booster is energized" ( paragraphs) probably means ________.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oil is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engine3. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pressure transmitter FT 301B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valveD. a starting air distributor4. When the engine is engaged with turning gear,________ can keep the engine from startingA. the control airB. the solenoid valveC. the main starting air valveD. the interlock valveBDBDPassage 4Starting air distributorThe starting air distributor is of the piston type with precision machined inter changeable liners.The liners as well as the pilot pistons are of corrosion resistant materials. The pilot pistons are controlled by a cam connected to the camshaft end. When the main starting valve opens, the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam, whereby the pilot piston for the engine cylinder which is in starting position admits control air to the main piston of the starting valve. The starting air valve opens and admits compressed air into the engine cylinder forcing that piston down. Shortly before the exhaust valves are opened the pilot valve interrupts the control air to the starting air valve and starting air to that cylinder is stopped. This procedure will be repeated as long as the main starting valve is activated or until the engine speed is so high that the engine fires. After the main starting air valve is closed, the main starting air system is de-aerated, thepressure drops quickly and the springs will lift the pilot plungers off the cam. This means that the pilot plungers touch the cam only during the starting process and thus wear is insignificant.If a pilot liner is worn out, press it out. It may be necessary to heat the distributor up till about 200ºC as "Loctite" is used for fixing and sealing.1. According to the passage, the liners of the starting air distributor ________.A. can be replaced when worn outB. are made of heat resistant materialsC. are welded preciselyD. are worn out easily during the starting process2. During the starting process, when ________, the main starting air valve is closed.A. the exhaust valves in the starting cylinder are openedB. the pilot air to the starting air valve is stoppedC. the engine speed reaches fire speedD. the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam3. When some cylinder of the engine admits compressed air into it, the pilot piston of the starting air distributor should be _________. A. separated from the cam B. pressed onto the cam C. lifted off the camD. pressed onto the cam repeatedly4. From the passage we know that "Loctite" is probably________.A. a type of gasketB. a kind of lubricantC. a glue bondD. an anti-corrosion additiveACBCPassage 5The engine' s supporting element consists of a bedplate and frame. The bedplate can be of welded or cast design. The frame is made of cast iron. The turbocharger mounting, the housing for the air cooler and the charging air receiver are cast as an integral part of the frame. The underslung crankshaft' s main bearings are mounted in bores in the frame and secured with main bearing caps of steel. The caps are guided sideways and are secured by means of threaded studs and nuts that are tightened hydraulically.The caps are also secured with horizontal bracing screws in the frame.The bearing shells are produced with a tolerance that makes it possible to change them a set at a time without any scraping-in.The top flanges of the cylinder liners are forced against the top face of the frame by the cylinder covers , whereas at the bottom they are guided by a bottom flange through which they are free to expand under the effects of heat. Tightness between the water chamber and the crankcase is achieved with two rubber rings inserted in slots in the guide surface of the cylinder liner.The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft through a gearing, which is mounted on the engine's flywheel end and covered by a 2-part shield. The camshaft runs in steel bushes lined with white metal.In each side of the frame, large openings are provided for inspection of roller guides, cams and the main and crank bearings. The openings have covers, some of which are provided with crankcase explosion relief valves that equalize the pressure if the oil vapors in the crankcase are ignited, for example as a result of hot running.The bedplate can be used as a lubricating oil reservoir and is therefore provided with a dipstick. The oil can, however, be drained off to a special bottom tank, so that the engine runs with a dry sump.A fuel oil pump of the gear type is driven from the camshaft through a clutch. A lubricating oil pump, which is of the same type, is driven by a clutch mounted on the end of the crankshaft or, for propulsion plant, through a flexible gear wheel drive.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. the construction of an engineB. how the engine worksC. the lube and cooling system of an engineD. when the crankcase explosion occurs2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an integral part of the frame?A. Turbocharger mountingB. Bearing capsC. Air cooler housingD. Scavenging air reservoir3. The camshaft ________.A. is supported by bearingsB. may not drive the fuel oil pump in some casesC. will not drive a lube oil pumpD. All of the above are true.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The frame is made of cast iron.B. There are underslung bearings in this engine.C. Four rubber rings ensure the tightness between the crankcase and the water chamber.D. Relief valves are provided on the frame.ABDCPassage 6The cylinder cover is made of cast iron and is provided with two inlet valves, two exhaust valves, a central mounted fuel injection valve and an indicator valve. The inlet valves are mounted with separate seating rings made of special heat-resistant cast iron. These rings are pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions. The exhaust valve seatings are special, water-cooled seating rings. These rings are also pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions.Each cylinder cover is provided with cooling water from a screwed-on tubular cooling water jacket through radial bores in the thick bottom of the cover. Each of the radial bores is connected to two side bores. The cover has further separate bores that lead to the cooling water jacket and the bores in the cylinder cover to a common outlet chamber. The cylinder cover and cylinder liner are assembled by means of four threaded studs screwed into the frame. Tightening is effected by means of hydraulic tools, and sealing by means of a thin ring mounted between the cylinder cover and the cylinder liner. A starting valve is mounted on the side of the cylinder cover.The engine has oil-cooled pistons of cast iron. The pistons are provided with three compression rings and a spring-loaded scraper ring. A space for cooling oil is provided at the top of the piston. The scraper ring prevents lubricating oil from being drawn up into the combustion chamber.Oil for cooling the piston crown is led from a bore in the crankshaft through a channel in the connecting rod and the connecting rod journal, to die bushing for the gudgeon pin. This bushing is provided with an annular groove from which part of the oil is led for lubricating the gudgeon pin. Tile remaining oil continues through bores in the gudgeon pin and the piston to piston cooling chamber.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. cylinders and cylinder coversB. cylinders and pistonsC. cylinder covers and pistonsD. cylinders and oil2. Which of the following may be provided on top of the cylinder cover';'A. Two exhaust valvesB. A starting valveC. An indicatorD. All of the above3. Which of the following is true?A. The inlet valve seating rings are of heat-resistant cast steel.B. There are six studs by which the cylinder cover and liner are tightened.C. The exhaust valve seatings are cooled by water.D. A copper ring is mounted between the cylinder cover and the liner.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The pistons are cooled by oil.B. Four piston rings are fitted to each piston.C. The scraper ring scrapes the oil downwards.D. The piston cooling is of splash type -CACDPassage 7Each of the engine cylinders is provided with a Bosch, type PF, fuel pump. The fuel pump is a single-acting plunger pump with non-adjustable stroke. The plunger is so accurately ground and lapped that its clearance inside the barrel is only 0.002 ~ 0.003 nun. This provides sufficient tightness between plunger and barrel, even at pressures as high as 200 - 400 bar, without the need for sealing materials. Neither the plunger nor the barrel can therefore be renewed individually. The plunger pressure stroke is produced by a cam on the engine camshaft, whereas the return stroke, the suction stroke is effected by means of a strong coil spring. The top of the pump barrel is closed by a spring-loaded pressure valve, to which the fuel oil pipe for the respective fuel valve on the relevant engine cylinder is connected.Regulation of the amount of fuel delivered by the fuel pump is achieved by turning the pump plunger, the cylindrical surface of which has a milled recess. The bottom of this recess ends with an edge, which is at right angles to the cylinder generating lines, whereas the top of the recess is limited by a helix. This produces an inclined control edge on the plunger, which also has a narrow longitudinal groove. In the pump barrel are drilled two diametrical holes through which the fuel oil can flow into the fuel pump barrel. The pump barrel is surrounded by a regulating sleeve, the upper end of which is shaped as a toothed rim. The lower end has two lengthwise slots in which projecting lugs on the lower end of the plunger can slide up and down. The end of the regulating rod from the engine governor is designed as a toothed rack that engages with the toothed rim on the end of the regulating sleeve. This makes it possible to turn the pump plunger during engine operation.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. The fuel pump ________.A. is of PF typeB. is of reciprocating typeC. has an inlet valve and an outlet valveD. A and B are true.2. The plunger ________.A. is accurately ground and lapped outside the barrelB. has a tiny clearance inside the barrelC. can be renewed individually when worn outD. All of the above are true3. Which of the following is true?A. The stroke of the plunger can be adjustedB. The outlet valve is spring loadedC. The plunger down stroke is accomplished by the springD. B and C are true.4. It can be inferred that when moving the rack ________.A. the sleeve moves up and downB. the plunger moves up and downC. the effective stroke of the pump will be changedD. All of the above are true.DBDCPassage 8Governing prime movers, particularly diesel engines, require careful consideration. The cyclic variations of a diesel cycle can be passed into the governor drive if it is too "stiff". That is, the cyclic vibrations will be imposed on the internal gearing etc. inside the governor housing. To prevent this, some form of damper should be used on the drive into the governor. The mounting point for the governor should be rigid; a vibration mounting would soon downgrade even the best of governors. Chain or belt drives should be avoided as far as possible, as slapping of the belt or chain produces speed variations causing malfunction of the governor. Similarly the drive from the end of the camshaft is subject to torsionalvibrations, and governors should not be located at that point. They should be located as close as practicable to the fuel pumps, thereby limiting the mass/inertia of operating linkage. In all cases, the governor should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time etc. On large engines there is an inertial resistance to acceleration within the masses of reciprocating and rotating elements of the engine, so that during acceleration fuel could be released to the cylinders at a faster rate than efficient combustion can burn it. In an attempt to compensate for this, and to maintain acceptable combustion during acceleration, a tapping from the scavenge space may be taken and the pressure used to regulate the rate of fuel released to the engine. This process is incorporated into the governor operating system so that the governor releases a quantity of fuel commensurate with the increase in air pressure in the scavenge space. ( during deceleration the problem is not so great, as excess air can be tolerated far more easily than can the incomplete combustion associated with insufficient air.)(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. mounting the governorsB. the scavenge pressure limit to the governorC. A and BD. how the governor regulates the fuel index2. The drive to the governor ________.A. should be rigidB. should use damperC. should use chains or beltsD. should be from the end of the cam shaft3. The governor should be mounted close to the fuel pumps ________.A. for limiting the inertia effectB. for limiting the loadC. to ensure speed droopD. to cut down the cost4. It can be inferred that with scavenge pressure limit ________.A. the engine can be accelerated rapidlyB. the engine can be decelerated rapidlyC. the governor will supply fuel oil efficientlyD. the combustion will be more completeCBADPassage 9After the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver has been opened, the air flows at full pressure through the filter to the main start valve "A" (with complicated construction), thereby applying pressure to pipe between the main start valve "A" and the starting air control valve. Providing that maneuvering hand wheel is in the "Stop" position, all other pipes are without pressure.If the wheel is turned towards the "Start" position, a pawl above the starting air control valve is actuated and the valve is opened, allowing air to flow to the main start valve "A" . It opens to allow a direct through-flow of air. All cylinder starting valves are thus exposed to air pressure and, furthermore, air flows to the starting air distributor, which is controlled by the camshaft. The distributor has a series of slide valves arranged radially around the camshaft-one slide valve for each cylinder. These supply pilot air to the cylinder starting valves with pistons in the "Start" position. The rotation of the engine crankshaft commences, after which the cylinder starting valves are opened in the correct sequence - The crankshaft is thus brought to speed of rotation necessary for compression and ignition.When the maneuvering hand wheel is turned, the governor is actuated through a flexible cable setting the fuel pumps. However, a fuel index limiting arrangement is inserted, which keeps the regulating shaft and thus the fuel pumps at zero index during the starting process, ensuring that fuel is not injected into a cylinder during the supply of starting air.When the engine crankshaft has reached the necessary speed, the hand wheel is turned further past the "Start" position with the result that the arm above the starting air control valve is released and the valve is closed and vented. At the same time, the control piston in the main start valve "A" is also vented , thus blocking the supply of air to the cylinder starting vales, the starting air distributor and the fuel index limiter.Gradually, as the handle is turned further towards the maximum position. The governor increases the fuel pump index and the crankshaft rotates more quickly. The governor ensures that the maximum permissible speed is not exceeded.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is about ________.A. starting air system and speed regulating systemB. start of the engineC. governorD. crankshaft2. If the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver is opened ________.A. the cylinder starting valves are subject to pressureB. the air flows to the starting air distributorC. the starting air control valve is actuatedD. None of the above is true.3. tf the hand wheel is positioned "start"________.A. the starting air control valve will be openedB. individual starting valve on each cylinder will be exposed to pressureC. there will be cylinder starting valve or valves openedD. All of the above are true.4. During the supply of starting air to the cylinder ________.A. air is consumedB. fuel oil may be supplied to the cylinder or cylinderd for reliable startingC. the control piston in the main start valve "A" is ventedD. All of the above are true.BDDAPassage 10The governor drive is placed on the stem end of the engine and consists of a cylindrical gear wheel which is driven by the gear wheel on the camshaft, plus a set of conical gears. The function of the governor is to control the effective stroke of the fuel pumps, so that the rev/min of the crankshaft is maintained constant within certain limits, independent of the load.The action of the governor is transferred through arms and draw rods to a longitudinal regulating shaft on which a 2-part arm is provided for each fuel pump. The 2-part arm comprises an aim holder and a spring lever which are connected by a spring, thereby enabling the governor to control the pumps even if one of the pump pistons seizes. The movement is transferred from the spring lever to the toothed rack of the pump through a linkage.The regulating shaft is also provided with a stop arm which can be moved by the piston rod in a stop cylinder that is activated when the engine' s overspeed trip comes into operation. The piston rod in the stop cylinder influences the stop arm, whereby the regulating shaft is turned and the fuel pumps are set in the "Stop" position, thus stopping the engine. The Woodward governor tries to maintain the regulating shaft in the "Running" position, but between the governor and the regulating shaft there is a flexible draw rod that can be compressed and thus allows the regulating shaft to be moved into the " Stop" position.If a cylinder is to be set out of action, e.g. when measuring the compression pressure, the spring lever and thereby the toothed rack of the relevant fuel pump is moved to the zero position.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. working of the governorB. the camshaftC. fuel index regulating of the engineD. the fuel pump2. The governor ________.A. is driven directly by the crankshaftB. is driven with chains by the camshaftC. is in the middle partD. None of the above is true.3. If a fuel pump piston seizes ________A. the stop cylinder will be activatedB. the governor will be damagedC. the relevant spring will be compressedD. the flexible joint will be compressed4. When measuring die compression pressure in the cylinder ________.A. the engine should be stoppedB. the fuel pump should be stoppedC. the toothed rack of the relevant fael pump should be moved to zero positionD. None of the above is true.CDCCPassage 11Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas . Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, "servo governors" have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines in to the desired position. This "powered" operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid. (The following questions are based on the passage above)1. Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too smallD. All of the above are true.2. If the spring fractured ________.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off3. From the first paragraph we know that the fuel index ________.A. will exceed the predetermined upper limit on on accountB. will exceed the predetermined limit if the load is too highC. will invariably stuckD. None of the above is true.。

轮机英语关联题_大管轮_new

关联题（136题）Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Compressor cleaning during engine operationThe compressor may be cleaned by water injection during the engine operation. The cleaning process will have good results as long as the deposit formation has not gone too far. In ease a very thick hardened crest of dirt the compressor has to be dismantled for cleaning.In this method of cleaning the water is not acting as a solvent but instead removes the deposits mechanically by the impact of the water droplets. It is therefore recommended to use clean water without additives. The water should not contain any additives which might remain on the compressor blades.Periodically cleaning of the compressor (Fig. 4-2) prevents or delays excessive build-up of dirt but in no way replaces the usual overhauls where the turbocharger is completely dismantled.The turbocharger is provided with a water container (1). During the cleaning procedure the container is pressurized with the charge air (2) and from where the water is forced to the compressor inlet (3).1. Which of the following statements can be used to clean the compressor with the engine running?A. Water droplets Water with additives C. Charge air D. Hard crust2. What principal is used in this method of cleaning?A. The cleanser solves the deposits.B. The cleanser melts the deposits.C. The cleanser beats the deposits mechanically.D. The high pressure of the cleanser removes the deposits.3. Which of the following statements is not correct?A. The compressor needs regular cleaning.B. Periodical cleaning of the compressor contributes to reducing build-up of dirt.C. It’s not necessary to dismantle the turbocharger if periodical cleaning of the compressor is performed.D. Additives should better be avoided during the cleaning process.4. The cleaning water should not contain any additives, because_____.A. they may delay build-up of dirtB. they might remain on the blades of the compressorC. they may be forced to the compressor inletD. they are not good solventsACCBPassage 3Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 -100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression “HT”probably means ______.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERATUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ______.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ______.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 4The vibration damper serves to reduce the torsional vibration generated by the crankshaft. The damper consists of a housing and a free rotating inertia ring supported by an axial bearing. It forms a totally enclosed unit. The free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a high viscous fluid. When the crankshaft rotates at constant speed, the inertia ring will follow this movement. The combustion pressure exerted on each piston generates vibration in the crankshaft, and each variation generated by such a vibration will affect the movement of the inertia ring. The resulting shift of the ring to the damper housing is opposed by the viscous fluid and the vibration will be reduced.The energy, absorbed during the process, is converted into heat and then radiated to the surrounding air. Hence, proper ventilation of the damper is essential.The viscous damper fluid is during engine operation subjected to ageing and the fluid becomes more viscous. In sending fluid samples on a regular base to the damper manufacturer the rate in reduction of the viscosity can be determined. As sampling interval time is 6000 hours advised. Dampers with a too high fluid viscosity may cause crankshaft breakdown.The damper cover has two filling holes located 180o opposite each other and closed by screw-in filler plugs. If one of these plugs is accessible, a fluid sample container can be screwed in and a sample taken with the damper in place. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in the vertical position.For liquid sampling, a special kit can be ordered from Stork-Wartsila Diesel.1. The general description of the vibration damper tells us that_____.A. the free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a low viscous fluidB. when the inertia ring moves at constant speed , the crankshaft follows this movementC. the damper is made up of a housing and a free rotating inertia ringD. no ventilation of the damper is necessary as the vibration reduction process absorbs little energy2. Which of the following statements is not true about maintenance of the viscous damper?A. Sampling interval time for determining the quality of the fluid is 6000 hours.B. For liquid sampling, a special kit can be used.C. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in place.D. The viscous fluid in a damper becomes more viscous as time goes by.3. During the engine operation, the vibration damper can_____.A. transfer the energy of the engineB. absorb the combustion heatC. oppose the crankshaft rotatingD. reduce the vibration of the crankshaft4. According to the passage, we learn that two filling holes in the damper cover are used _____.A. to recharge the fluidB. to ventilate the damperC. to fit the containerD. to take the sampleCCDDPassage 5The vibration damper employs a high viscous fluid to oppose the shift of the inertia ring to the damper housing. It is necessary to get samples to determine the rate in reduction of the viscosity. The steps to draw off the sample are as follows(Refer to the Fig. 4-3):1. Turn the engine until the drain plugs are easy accessible. Do not unscrew the drain plug until the dampero C ).plug. Do not yet remove the plug!3. Unscrew one cap nut from the (plastic) liquid container.4. Remove the drain plug and screw the liquid container instead.5. Remove the outer cap nut from the liquid container. Make sure that no machine oil or dirt can enter the liquid container!6. Screw the outer cap nut again, once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container. The filling-up period of the liquid container may take from a few seconds up to more than an hour, depending on the liquid condition.7. Unscrew the liquid container from the damper and fit the drain plug using a new joint ring (supplied with the mounting kit).8. Fit the second cap on the liquid container.If no sample can be taken in this way, you can proceed as follows:- If still no liquid appears after a while, remove the second drain plug, too.- Supply nitrogen of 3.5 bar maximum pressure through the open filling hole.If no nitrogen is available, air may be used, provided this air is properly filtered and dry.- Once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container, cut off the supply of nitrogen and screw the cap on the liquid container.- After the nitrogen supply has cut off, unscrew the liquid container, screw the second cap and fit both drain plugs.If a liquid sample cannot be obtained this way either, it can be assumed that the damper liquid has thickened to an inadmissible value, necessitating the replacement of the damper.1. According to the passage, we can learn that_____.A. before using the container to draw off the sample, both ends of it are closedB. the liquid container must be washed with machine oil before samplingC. liquid sampling must take more than one hourD. two liquid samples should be taken every time2. If the liquid sample cannot be taken any way, it means_____.A. nitrogen pressure is too lowB. the quantity of the damper fluid is insufficientC. the viscous fluid in damper becomes too thickD. the method of liquid sampling is incorrect3. Which statement is tree about the sampling process?A. The drain plug can be unscrewed regardless of the damper temperature.B. The drain plug should not be removed until one cap nut from the liquid container is unscrewed.C. The outer cap nut must be screwed before the liquid reaches the open end of the liquid container.D. The drain plug can be fit by using the old joint ring.4. If no sample can be taken by removing the first drain plug, then which of the following is done?A. The second drain plug should be removed too.B. A pressure of 5.3 bar should be applied.C. Clean and damp air is used instead of nitrogen if the latter is not available.D. The nitrogen supply continues when the liquid has reached the outer end of the liquid container. ACBAPassage 6At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes’ idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston tings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process ( Fig. 4-4).It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_____.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_____.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should be carried out_____.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load4. When dealing with engine troubles, _____.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked_____.B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checkedACDBPassage 7the inlet and exhaust valves. There are two groups of these ports, one for exhaust and the other for scavenging air, usually on the opposite sides of the cylinder, but in some designs both groups are arranged on the same side. The exhaust ports connect with the exhaust manifold, while the scavenging ports communicate with the scavenging air receiver in which low-pressure air is stored. The exhaust ports are slightly higher than the scavenging ports, so that they are uncovered by the piston while the scavenging ports are still closed.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )1. From the paragraph above, we know that_____.A. In general, both exhaust ports and scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides of the cylinderB. The exhaust ports are on the opposite sides, but the scavenging air ports are on the same sidesC. The scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides, but the exhaust ports are on the same sidesD. Two groups of parts are never arranged on the same sides2. According to the above paragraph the exhaust ports link with_____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the scavenging air receiversC. the exhaust manifoldD. the scavenging portsThe engine is also provided with a governor which is designed to regulate the engine' s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected. When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.( The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )3. From this paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speedACBBPassage 8The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to _____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only2. What is the function of lubricating oil?A. Formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear.B. Used as a cleaner.C. As a coolant in engines.D. All of the above.Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.(The following questions are based on the passage above. )3. In which situation we should use sea water system instead of fresh water system?A. When sea water pumps are damaged.B. When sea water cooler is damaged.C. When fresh water pumps are damaged.D. The blind-flanges are broken.4. The word “merely” in this paragraph could best be replaced by_____.A. onlyB. necessaryC. butD. ifCDCAPassage 9Because the exhaust gas driven turbo-blower cannot provide enough air at low engine speeds, the pressurized air should be cooled to increase the charge air density. As the air passes through the charge air cooler, its temperature may be reduced and moisture condensed, with the condensate in danger of being carried into the engine. So a water separator should be mounted beneath the bottom part of the engine inlet manifold.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. A water separator is used in order to _____.A. keep the air from being carded into the engineB. keep the moisture from being condensedC. keep the danger from being carded into the engineD. take away the condensate from the air2. Why should we use a charge air cooler?A. In order to increase the charge air temperature.B. In order to increase the charge air pressure.C. In order to reduce moisture condensed.D. In order to increase the charge air density.Lubricating oil from the compressor will pass along the air lines and deposit on them, in the event of a cylinder air starting valve leaking, hot gases would pass into the air pipes and ignite the lubricating oil. If starting air were supplied to the engine, this would further feed the fire and could lead to an explosion inthe pipelines. In order to prevent such an occurrence, cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintained and the pipelines regularly drained. Also oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimum, by careful maintenance.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. Which of the following may cause an explosion according to the passage?A. Starting air cannot be supplied into the engine.B. Air starting valve leaks and starting air is supplied into the engine.C. Cylinder-starting valves are properly maintained.D. Oil discharged from compressors is kept to a minimum.4. In order to avoid igniting the lubricating oil and leading to an explosion in the pipelines, _____.A. pipelines should be regularly drainedB. cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintainedC. oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimumD. A+B+CDDBDPassage 10Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine. The fuel oil system for a diesel engine can be considered in two parts: the fuel supply and the fuel injection system. When the atomized fuel is injected into the combustion space, ignition is not altogether instantaneous, a definite time lag being measurable between the time of injection and ignition. The period of ignition lag depends, among other factors, on the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. This paragraph tells us that_____.A. ignition takes place before the injection of the atomized fuelB. ignition takes place simultaneously with the injection of the atomized fuelC. the period of ignition lag depends only on the quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed airD. the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air are the two main factors determining the period of ignition lag2. “instantaneous” in the passage probably means_____.A. simultaneousB. afterC. beforeD. whenThe crankshaft is built up, the forged main bearing journals being shrunk into cast steel crank throws. The crank throws are displaced from each other to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throws. The alignment of the crankshaft in the bedplate should be checked at intervals to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stresses, which, under extreme conditions, may cause crankshaft failure.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. What does the word “alignment” mean in this passage?A. the bedplate is checked at intervalsB. to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stressesC. to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throwsD. arrangement in a straight line4. The number of degrees between the different crank throws should beA. all the sameB. a little bit differentC. smallerD. largerDADAPassage 11During overhaul the safety roles have to be observed as required in order to prevent the danger of accidents. Special precaution is necessary when the engine is running with lagging removed. During overhauls, with the engine shut down, safety measures should be taken to avoid undesirable turning of the crankshaft. All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw plugs or connections.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. During overhaul, we have to observe the safety rules, in order to _____.A. avoid desirable turning of the crankshaftB. make all pipes pressure-relievedC. avoid the danger of accidentsD. let the crankshaft turn undesirably2. Before the repair work is started, _____.A. engine should be pressure-chargedB. the pressure in all pipes should be increasedC. all pipes should be pressure-relievedD. the air in some pipes should be relievedFresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind flanges.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. From this paragraph, we can see that_____.A. the cylinder jackets and covers are cooled by fresh water and then by sea waterB. fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engineC. fresh water is used for the cooling of the main engineD. sea water is used for the cooling of both the fresh water and the main engine4. According to the paragraph, the term “various cooling liquids” refers to_____.A. fresh water and sea waterB. air and fresh waterC. fresh water and cooling oilD. sea water and airCCBCPassage 12The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation. There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections andmechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions.Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block. The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence “The circulating fresh water should be treated ...” (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be _____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary2. Which of the following statements is true?A. The cooling water system does not need maintenance if it works normally.B. The circulating fresh water does not need special treatment when in normal operation.C. In completely closed cooling water system scale will not be formed.D. Deposits in the cooling water system may not be formed over the length of time.3. Which of the following statements about the first sentence in paragraph 1 is true?A. The engine is installed by the manufacturer free of charge.B. The engine should be warmed in advance before installing.C. The installation must be conducted according to the instructions.D. The installation may be carried out freely.4. We can _____ to find out about the scale in the cooling water space of the cylinder cover.A. overhaul the cylinder linersB. remove the plugs in the sides of the headsC. open the inspection coversD. withdraw the pistonsDACBPassage 13Mechanical cleaningA great deal of the deposits consists of loose sludge and solid particles which can be brushed and rinsed off with water. On places where the accessibility is good, e.g. cylinder liners, mechanical cleaning of considerably harder deposits is efficient. In some cases it is advisable to combine chemical cleaning with a。

第30期轮机英语考试题

中华人民共和国海事局2003年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第30期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：801适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分,第77题至78题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题：1. The cylinder head, cylinder liner and _____ form the combustion chamber．A. frameB. pistonC. crankcaseD. explosion plate2. A diesel engine burns ________ a gasoline engine of the same capacity in the same period oftime．A. as much fuel asB. less fuel thanC. less fuel asD. more fuel than3. Acid solution _____ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a pieceof lime．A. strengthB. denseC. percentageD. velocity4. A： Please tell me the specifications and quantity． B： _____．A. Pump diesel oil firstB. 300 tons of 180 cst fuel oilC. The figure is all rightD. OK, I'll sign it5. The film of oil between the rings and the liner is not only essential for the lubrication but alsoplays an important part in achieving _____．A. an oil sealB. removing heatC. a gas sealD. cooling the piston6. The tendency for lubricating oil to thin out at high temperatures and thicken at low temperatureswill be characterized by a _____．A. low viscosity indexB. high viscosity indexC. high neutralization numberD. low demulsibility quality7. Operating a diesel engine for prolonged periods, with a closed freshwater cooling system, attemperatures lower than the normal design temperature can cause _____．A. the formation of sulfuric acidB. a decrease in lube oil viscosityC. a decrease in cooling water pHD. a thermostat failure8. ______ is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air startvalve．A. An air receiverB. An operating valveC. An automatic valveD. An air distributor9. The difference between a supercharged engine and an un-supercharged engine is that _____operates at an increased pressure．A. the laterB. the latterC. the formerD. the farmer10. A sealing arrangement is provided at _____ of the tail-shaft with the propeller and conecompleting the arrangement．A. both endsB. neither endC. the outboard endD. either end 11. The linear motion of a diesel engine piston is converted to the rotary motion required to drivegears, propeller shafts, and generators by the _____．A. flywheelB. crankshaftC. journal bearingsD. camshaft12. The use of a poor quality piston cooling oil can lead to rapid deterioration of its properties withthe resultant formation of deposits in the piston crown which in turn results in a considerable _____ in heat transfer．A. advantageB. superiorC. increase D． reduction13．We should not start the engine unless the turning gear is _____ ．A. onB. disengagedC. boltedD. unscrewed14. The ability of the governor to prevent fluctuations in engine speed is termed _____．A. sensitivityB. stabilityC. promptnessD. speed droop15. A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating _____．A. fuel supplyB. firing orderC. engine loadD. oil level16. It is relatively _____ to drive the compressor directly from the engine by chain/or othermechanism because some of the additional power is absorbed．A. economicalB. expensiveC. inexpensiveD. loss17. Load control on a diesel engine is accomplished by _____．A. regulating the speed of the turbochargerB. rotating the fuel injector pump plungerC. regulating the speed of the fuel oil transfer pumpD. changing engine timing18. _____, the following possible causes should be investigated．A. Should the engine stop without apparent reasonB. The engine should stop without apparent reasonC. The engine stops without apparent reasonD. The engine is stopped without apparent reason19. To operate a centrifugal fire pump at reduced capacity, you should _____．A. readjust the relief valveB. throttle the suction lineC. throttle the discharge valveD. open the priming line20. If you were operating a centrifugal water service pump with worn wearing rings, the _____．A. pump would be very noisyB. pump would vibrate excessivelyC. pump would develop insufficient flowD. stuffing box would leak excessively21. Which bearing half will receive the greatest load in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine?A. Lower half of the connecting rod bearing at the crankshaft end of the rod.B. Upper half of the main bearing.C. Lower half of the cross-head pin bearing in the connecting rod.D. All bearing halves share an equal load.22. Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast _____ must be fitted in the pipeline．A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an air cooler23. The boiler is fired _____ the demand for steam exceeds that available from exhaust gas heating．A. wheneverB. howeverC. whereverD. whether24. In readying an auxiliary water-tube boiler for a routine hydrostatic test, which of the followingprocedures should be undertaken prior to filling the boiler with fresh water?A. The safety valve escape piping should be disconnected from the valve body and a blankinserted．B. The boiler vent valves should be opened．C. All handhole/manhole covers should be tightened up as much as possible to preclude anyleaks．D. All of the above．25. The bilge main is arranged to drain any watertight compartment_____ ballast, oil or water tanksand to discharge the contents overboard．A. rather thanB. other thanC. in addition thatD. except for26. When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil _____ through leakage, and inorder to compensate for these leaks the system is connected to a feed pump．A. escapesB. overheatsC. expandsD. accelerates27. When reassembling the bowl of a disk-type centrifuge, the bowl or locking ring is rotated_______．A. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseB. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwiseC. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseD. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwise28. Under the regulations implementing MARPOL, a mobile offshore drilling unit is required to havean International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) certificate when the unit _____．A. is drilling on the Outer Continental ShelfB. moves to a new drilling location in U.S. watersC. engages in a voyage to a port of another country which is a party of MARPOLD. All of the above.29.The oil sludge is burnt in the _____onboard. I‟l l show you the ashes．A. boilerB. main engineC. auxiliary engineD. incinerator30. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert mechanicalinto hydraulic energy?A. the hydraulic pumpsB. valvesC. hydraulic cylindersD. hydraulic motors31. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be _____．A. contaminated fluidB. pitted thrust ringsC. worn pintle bearingsD. obstructed suctions passage32. The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlled with _____．A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel33. If a heavy sea strikes the _____, the shock is transmitted through the tiller to the rams．A. propellerB. rudderC. bow thrusterD. stabiliser34. An AC synchronous transmission type remote steering control system consists of a _____．A. transmitter at the steering station and a receiver at the steering engineB. reversible motor at the steering station geared to the steering pumpsC. small induction motor on the bridge which controls the rudder through pulleysD. variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by a reversible DC motor35. A knocking sound from one cylinder of an operating air compressor indicates _____．A. a defective or broken high pressure un-loaderB. a loose valve plateC. excessive overloadD. no compression36. When a flash-type evaporator is to be secured for an extended period of time, the entire unitshould be drained, cleaned, and _____．A. completely filled with saltwaterB. filled with de-scaling compoundC. tightly closed to exclude airD. vented to the atmosphere37. The compressed air is supplied by ___ to the air reservoirs．A. compressorsB. forced fansC. ventilatorsD. generators38. A dirty intercooler on the ship service air compressor will result in _____．A. decreased compression ratioB. higher than normal power consumptionC. un-loader malfunctionD. water in the lubricating oil39. Accidental flooding of the engine room bilges by the bilge main is prevented by _____．A. stop-check valves installed in the bilge suction manifoldsB. using a positive displacement reciprocating bilge pumpC. installing eductors in all bilge rose boxesD. installing a swing check before each bilge valve40. When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off ' cycle, the thermal expansion valve will_____．A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressor restartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts41. While troubleshooting a refrigeration system for low head pressure, liquid refrigerant floodingback from the evaporator is determined to be the cause. It may be necessary to _____．A. change the expansion valve adjustmentB. readjust the water regulating valve to increase the flow of waterC. purge air from the condenserD. clean the waterside of the condenser42. When adding oil to a refrigeration system, precautions must be taken to ensure that_____．A. the compressor suction pressure is not too highB. all air is purged from the pump and charging fittingsC. the high pressure cutout switch is held open to prevent accidental startingD. the condenser is completely shutdown first43. Your assigned emergency stations aboard your vessel can be found on the ship's _____．A. muster listB. certificate of inspectionC. clearance papersD. permit to proceed44. If the fire goes out in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler and the burner continues to supplyfuel, there is a potential danger of _____．A. overpressure and dry firingB. a severe furnace explosionC. spalling damage to the brickworkD. heat damage to the atomizer45. The ___ is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expected as thecosine of phase angle．A. powerB. efficiencyC. effective powerD. power factor46. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the _____．A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay47. When working on a high voltage circuit, you should always have another person present with you.This person should have a good working knowledge of _____．A. the circuit being worked on and the location of all switches and circuit breakers controlling itB. first-aid techniques for treating electrical shockC. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)D. All of the above．48. Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator from parallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard．B. Turn off all electrical equipment．C. Remove the load from the 'off going' generator．D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line．49. The operating medium for control systems may be _____．A. compressed airB. hydraulic oilC. electricityD. All of the above．50. Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an _____．A. overspeed tripB. audible/visual alarmC. the ships/boats general alarmD. reserve oil storage tank51. The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the use of _____．A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants52. Electric insulation is made of organic substances and so gradually ___ with age．A. deterioratesB. increasesC. are fouledD. becomes better53. While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the fire alarm. Which ofthe following actions should you take?A. Make an entry in the official logbook．B. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system．C. Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure．D. Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge．54. After the trouble of the automatic control system has been completely eliminated, assistance is______ required.A. remainedB. stillC. no longerD. much more55. A circuit breaker differs from a fuse in that a circuit breaker _____．A. melts and must be replacedB. is enclosed in a tube of insulating material with metal ferrules at each endC. gives no visual indication of having opened the circuitD. trips to break the circuit and may be reset56. Ambient temperature is the _____．A. amount of temperature rise with no loadB. temperature of the compartment where the motor is locatedC. normal operating temperature, less the room temperatureD. amount of temperature developed by an operating moto57. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltage．B. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected．C. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays．D. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper．58. The pressure difference before and after the lube oil filter indicates _____ the filter should becleaned．A. whenB. howC. whereD. whether59. In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certainessential functions _____．A. must be providedB. may be providedC. have providedD. can be provided60. In the engine department, the_____ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed．A. captainB. chief engineerC. chief officerD. chief motorman61.Duty officer informs us that the vessel is out of harbor and in “Full Ahead”.We are going to run_____．A. diesel oil instead of fuel oilB. fuel oil instead of diesel oilC. diesel oil instead fuel oilD. fuel oil instead diesel oil62. We still do not know _____．A. where is the troubleB. where does the troubleC. where the trouble isD. what is the trouble63.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“_____”．A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions64. Under the provisions of applicable international conventions, ships entitled to fly the flag of aParty are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by theParty． Ships of non-parties or below convention size shall be given ______．A. more favorable treatmentB. less favorable treatmentC. no more favorable treatmentD. the most favorable treatment65. ______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergencyswitchboards．A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oil tankers66. With regards to a diesel engine crankcase explosion, the most violent is the _____．I．primary explosion II． secondary explosionA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I or II67. A certificate， called a(an) ______ ,should be issued to a ship by the Administration．A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PS68. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operational code, and item number shallbe inserted in the appropriate columns. Furthermore, the required particulars shall be ____．A. recorded only for accidental oil dischargesB. recorded only for operations involving discharge of oily wasteC. signed by the oiler who enters them in the Oil Record BookD. recorded chronologically in the blank space二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Please carefully read the following table and then answer the questions according to the information from this table.Table : types of fire extinguisherA. solid materialsB. liquid materialsC. petroleum gasD. electrical equipment70. Which type of fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish all classes of fires?A. sodaB. waterC. foamD. dry powder71. There is one type of fire extinguisher which is injected directly at base of fire making use of gasthat can not be used in accommodation. Which one is it?A. waterB. foamC. CO2D. dry powder72. When used to extinguish class B fire, extinguisher should be turned upside down and cover firesmoothly.A. a soda and acidB. a foamC. a CO2D. a dry powder第二组Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas. Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, …servo governors‟ have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines into the desired posit ion. This …powered‟ operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.73.Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too small .D. All of the above are true.74.If the spring fractured，______.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off75.The “servo governors” ______.A. can produce a large forceB. are mechanically controlledC. use flyweights to sense the speedD. All of the following are true.76.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.A. hydraulic powerB. CF governorsC. advanced governors in stead of CF governorD. electrical or mechanical hydraulic flow三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.PSC官员在检查机械处所时，如果发现阀手轮丢失、水和油长期渗漏的迹象或机器底座的延伸性锈蚀，则说明船舶对系统的维护不能令人满意。

大连新关联题(二、三管轮)

大连新关联题(二、三管轮)新关联题（二/三管轮）Passage 01Under the terms of the ISPS Code, shipping panies are required to designate a pany Security Officer (CSO) for the pany and a Ship Security Officer (SSO) for each of its ships.The CSO’s responsibilities include ensurin g that a Ship Security Assessment (SSA) is properly carried out, that Ship Security Plans (SSPs) are prepared and submitted for roval by the Administration andthereafter that the plan is implemented on board each ship.The Ship Security Plan should indicate the minimum operational and physical security measures that the ship itself should implement at all times (i.e.security level 1) unless required to operate at a higher security level.The plan should also indicate the additional, or intensified, security measures the ship can take to move to and operate at security level 2 when instructed to do so.Furthermore, the plan should indicate the possible preparatory actions the ship could take to allow prompt response to instructionsthat may be issued to the ship at security level 3.1.Under the terms of the ISPS code, a shipping pany is required to designate _____.A.SCOB.SSOC.CSO and SSOD.SSP and SSA2.Which one of CSO’ responsibilities is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.ensuring that the SSA is properly carried outB.ensuring that SSPs are prepared and submitted for rovalC.ensuring that the SSA is implemented on board each shipD.performing regular security inspections of the ship3.The SSP should contain all of the follog items e_cept________.A.minimum operational and physical security measures to be taken at security level 1B.additional security measures to be taken at security level 2C.intensified security measures to be taken at security level 3D.procedures for SSA4.In order to respond quickly to instructions that may be issued to the ship at security level 3, besidesadditional intensified security measures ______should be includedin the ship’s SSP.A.minimum security measuresB.preparatory actions that could be takenC.orders from SSOD.orders from CSOPassage 02The simple centrifugal pump is used for seawater circulation and other duties where self-priming is not a requirement.When installed for bilge pumping or ballast duty, these pumps require a primer i.e.somemeans of removing air from the suction pipe so that the liquid to be pumped is caused to flow into the pipe and so to the eye of the impeller.For general duties the impeller is of aluminium bronze keyed and secured to a stainless steel shaft.The impeller is fully shrouded and of the single entry type.The renewable wear rings are of aluminium bronze and the casing is normally of bronze or cast iron.The shaft seal is either a packed gland or a mechanical seal.The shaft bearing is of phenolic resin asbestos, lubricated by the liquid being pumped e_cept for pumps operating on high static lift.These have grease lubricated bronze bearings to ensure adequate lubrication during the priming period.5.Simple centrifugal pumps need a primer when used for all of the follog duties e_cept_____.A.seawater circulationB.bilge pumpingC.ballastingD.deballasting6.A primer used in a simple centrifugal pump is to_______I.remove air from suction pipe line, II.leadwater to the suction pipe.A.only IB.only IIC.both I and IID.neither I nor II7.Which one is NOT a feature of the centrifugal pump used for general duties ______.A.aluminum bronze impeller with a single entry eyeB.cast steel casingC.stainless steel shaftD.renewable wear rings8.The shaft bearing of a pump operating on high static lift will be lubricated by _____.A.lube oilB.water being pumpedC.greaseD.the leaked liquidPassage 03On 1 January 20__7, a revised version of Anne_ I (prevention of pollution by oil) of MARPOL 73/78 will enter into force.The revision incorporates the various amendments adopted since MARPOL entered into force in 1983 and separates the construction and equipment provisions from the operational requirements.It also makes clear the distinctions between the requirements for new ships and those for e_isting ships.The revision provides a more user-friendly, simplified instrument.A revised version of Anne_ II (prevention of pollution by no_ious liquid substances) will also enter into force on 1 January 20__7.The revised Anne_ II includes a new four-category system forno_ious and liquid substances.The revised Anne_ also includes a number of other significant changes.Improvements in ship technology, such as efficient stripping techniques, have made possible significantly lower permitted discharge levels of certain products which have been incorporated into the Anne_.9._____will e into force On 1 January 20__7.A.A revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78B.A revised version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78C.Revised versions of Anne_ I and Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78D.MARPOL 73/7810._____entered into force in1983.A.A revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78B.A revised version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78C.A revised versions of Anne_ I and Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78D.MARPOL 73/7811.Which one is NOT a feature of the revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78？A.the equipment provisions Incorporated with the operational requirements.B.The requirements for new ships different from those for e_isting ships.C.Easy to be used.D.Instrment simplified12.From paragraph 2, we can deduce that____A.the permitted discharge levels for some no_ious liquid substances were lowerd in the reviedversion of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78.B.no any significant changes in the revied version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78.C.the stripping techniques have been made a great step in ship technology.D.both A and C.Passage 04Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78 deals with prevention of air pollution from ships, and entered into force internationally on 19 May 20__5.It has been agreed that Australia will implement Anne_ VI, and the development of implementing legislation is included in the current legislation program.It is likely that Australia will be in a position to accede to Anne_ VI during 20__7.Anne_ VI includes several standard MARPOL 73/78 provisions, such as survey and certification requirements, which in due course will require attention during port State control inspections.The Anne_ sets limits on emissions of nitrogen o_ides (NO_) from diesel engines and sulphur content in ships’ bunke r fuel.The NO_ regulation has retrospective lication from 1 January 20_.A mandatory NO_ Technical Code, developed by IMO, defines how this is to be done.The Anne_ also places certification and sling obligations on suppliers of fuel oil.The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) has undertaken initial consultations with fuel suppliers and ship owners to ensure ropriate mechanisms will be in place prior to international entry into force.The IMO Marine Environment Protection mittee is currently developing an IMO strategy for greenhouse gas reduction from shipping, which may involve amendments to Anne_ VI.AMSA is working in close consultation with the Department of Environment and Heritage to ensure Australia’s position on this issueis accurately represented during IMO deliberations.13.The Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78 will be or was implemented in Austrlia _____.A.on 19 May 20__5B.during 20__7C.on one day in the future, but no definite information for a certain dateD.1 January 20_14.Anne_ VI includes several standard MARPOL 73/78 provisions currently, but NOT include____.A.certification requirementsB.standards for greenhouse emitted from shipsC.limits on emissions of nitrogen o_idesD.sulphur content in ships’ bunker fuel15.Before international certification and sling provisions for fuel enter into force, the AMSA willconsult with ____.A.fuel suppliersB.ship ownersC.the IMO Marine Environment Protection mitteeD.fuel suppliers and ship owners16.Which statement is NOT correct?A.The NO_ regulation es from a mandatory NO_ Technical CodeB.The mandatory NO_ Technical Code specified the procedures to check the emissions of nitrogeno_ides (NO_) from diesel enginesC.The IMO Marine Environment Protection mittee will add up the strategy for greenhousegas reduction from shipping to Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78D.AMSA will ensure Australia’s position on greenhouse gas r eduction from shipping is accuratelyrepresented during IMO deliberations.Passage 05The introduction of invasive marine species into new environments by ships’ ballast water, attached to ships’ hulls and via other vectors has been identified by the GEF as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans.The other three are land-based sources of marine pollution, overe_ploitation of living marine resources and physicalalteration/destruction of marine habitat.The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments was adopted at an IMO Diplomatic Conference held 9-13 February 20__4.Australia signed the Convention, subject to ratification, on 29 May 20__5.The Convention will enter in force 12 months after 30 States with bined merchant fleets constituting 35 of the gross tonnage of the world’s merchant shipping have signed the Convention.The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) and other responsible agencies have menced detailed discussions with a view to reaching agreement on how each provision of the new Convention is to be implemented.Work will then mence on the formal consultation process and development of a Regulatory Impact Statement.It is likely that AMSA will play a key role in implementing the Convention, primarily through port State control and survey requirements.17.The introduction of invasive marine species into newen vironments by ships’ ballast water wasidentified as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans.Bec ause _____.A.Ships’ ballast water causes serious problems in ecosystemB.Ships’ ballast water pollute the oceanC.Ships’ ballast water is very harmful to human health.D.The reason was not given in the passage.18.The International Convention for the Control and Man agement of Ships’ Ballast Water will enter intoforce in Australia ___________.A.in February 20__4B.on 29 May 20__5C.12 months after 30 States with bined merchant fleets constituting35 of the gross tonnageof the world’s merchant shipping have signed the C onventionD.after the signed documents roved by IMO.19.The AMSA begin ___________.A.to discuss on how to implement the new ConventionB.to ask other agencies to meet the requirementsC.to make Regulatory rulesD.to carry out Port State Control according to the new Convention20.The author implies that________.A.The AMSA will play a more important role than the Port State Control Officer in implementingthe new ConventionB.The AMSA will undertake the task to implement the new Convention via port State control andship survey.C.Other responsible agencies will implement the new Convention.D.It is not mentioned that who will implement the new convention.Passage 06Hand control of e_citation is difficult so use is made of an automatic voltage regulator (A ).The A consists basically of a circuit fed from the alternator output voltage which detects small changes in voltage and feed a signal to an lifier which changes the e_citation to correct the voltage.Stabilizing features are also incorporated in the circuits to avo id ‘hunting’ (constant voltage fluctuations) or overcorrecting.The statically e_cited alternator has a static e_citation system instead of a d.c.e_citer.This type of alternator will more accept the sudden loading by direct online starting of large squirrel cage motors.The static e_citation system uses transformers and rectifiers to provide series and shunt ponents for the alternator field, that is, it is pounded.Brushes and sliprings are used to transfer the current to the field coils which are mounted on the rotor.The terminal voltage from the alternator thus gives the no-load voltage and the load current provides the e_tra e_citation to give a steady voltage under any load condition.The pensation necessary for speed variation requires that a voltage regulator be also built into the system.The brushless high speed alternator was also developed to eliminate d.c.e_citers with their associated mutators and brushgear.The alternator and e_citer rotors are on a mon shaft, which also carries the rectifiers.The e_citer output is fed to the rectifiers and then through conductors in the hollow shaft to the alternator field coils.An automatic voltage regulator is used with this type of alternator.21.The underlined word ‘Which ’ in the second se ntence refersto_______.A.the alternator output voltageB.the detecting circuit in AC.the lifier in AD.the signal in A22.Concerning the statically e_cited alternator, which statement is NOT true?A.It has no d.c e_citerB.It is more able to carry sudden heavy loadC.It is e_cited in a pounded wayD.It will have no e_citation when no load.23.Concerning the brushless alternator, which statement is NOT true?A.It has no brushes but have to have mutators.B.The alternator and the e_citer have a mon shaft.C.The A is still incorporated with it.D.The shaft is hollow.24.Which is/are the mon ponent(s) for both brushless and brushed generators?A.lifierB.Transformerdoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.mutatorsD.RectifiersPassage 07In a closed fresh water system, the engine jackets, the heate_changer and the circulating pumps form a continuous circuit which is not open to the atmosphere.The cylinder jacket cooling water after leaving the engine passes to a sea water circulating cooler-heat e_changer-and then into the jacket water circulating pumps.It is then pumped around the cylinder jackets, cylinder heads,e_haust valves and turbo-blowers.However, provision has to be made for the e_pansion of the water due to the increase in temperature and due to small amounts of air which may enter the system and bee entrained and for water make-up due to leakages.These are met by a small head tank which is open to the atmosphere and placed at a higher level than any other point in the system so that the small changes in volume can be acmodated by changing the level of the free surface of the water in the tank.The heat tank is generally connected into the system at the pump suction, as this minimizes the chance of air being draw into the system at the pump.The minimum height of the head tank may be based on maintaining pressure of fresh water in the heat e_changer above that of the seawater to ensure that in the event of a small internal leak developing sea water cannot enter the fresh water system.Alternatively, it may be based on the need for a minimum pressure to be maintained within the jackets to avoid cavitation effects.The closed systems usually need vents if pockets or air locks are not to cause trouble[7].Vent pipes of small bore tube are lead from any local high point in the system to the of the head tank for the release of air from the cooling water.A heater in the circuit facilitates warming of the engine prior to starting by circulating hot water .The temperature of the water entering the engine jackets is regulated by means of a by-pass across the jacket water cooler.The proportions of water passing through the cooler, or by-passing it are controlled by a three-way valve.The temperature is usually adjusted to maintain a constant outlet water temperature from the engine regardless of the load or speed or the temperature of the sea water.The piston cooling system may be an open system which employs similar ponents with the closed system, e_cept that a drain tank is used in stead of a head tank and the vents are then led to a hopper or tundish at the high point in the machinery space.The hopper serves as a visual flow indicator.A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination from piston cooling glands to the piston cooling system only.25.Which statement is true?A.No ponent is open to the atmosphere in the closed cooling system.B.Even if pockets or air locks are not to cause trouble in the closed cooling system, ventsneed to be provided.C.Contamination from piston cooling system may lead to Jacket water cooling system.D.Cavitations will never hen in the closed cooling system.26.The minimum height of the head tank may be determined according to____.A.Seawater pressure in the heat e_changerB.Pump suction pressureC.Atmospheric pressureD.Pump discharge pressure27.If the engine load increase, the outlet water temperature from the engine will___.A.rise as the loadB.almost no changeC.increase immediately then decreaseD.always fluctuate28.In the closed jacket water cooling system, the e_pansion of water due to increase of temperature willbe acmodated by___.A.the e_pansion tankB.the head tankC.heat e_changerD.piping systemPassage 08Diesel engines are started by supplying pressed air into the cylinders in the ropriate sequence for the required direction.A supply of pressed air is stored in air reservoirs or bottles or receivers at pressures about 30 or 40 bar ready for immediate use.Some times pressed air pressure is dropped to a lower value by means of a reducing valve for other uses.The receivers are charged by pressors.The design of starting air systems, including the number and capacity of pressors and receivers, the provision of features and drainage facilities are the subject of stringent requirements by Classification Societies[1].Up to 12 starts are possible with the stored quantity of pressed air.The starting air system usually has interlocks to prevent startingif any thing is not in order.The pressed air is supplied by a large bore pipe to a remote operating non-return or automatic valve and then to the cylinder airstart valves.The opening of each cylinder air start valve will admit pressed air into the corresponding cylinder.The automatic valve and the cylinder start valves are controlled by a pilot air system.Each cylinder start valve will be opened immediately after the dead centre position has been passed and closed just before the e_haust ports are due to open according to the direction of rotation required[2].Thus, when pressed air from the main supply is supplied to the startingsystem of an engine at rest it enters those cylinders in which the pistons are in a position corresponding to some part of the power stroke, the resulting pressure on the pistons causes the engine to rotate.When a sufficiently high speed, say about 20 r.p.m., has been achieved the air supply is cut off and fuel is injected causing the cylinders to fire and continue to run in the normal way.The pilot air is drawn from the large pipe and passes to a pilotair control valve which is operated by the engine air start lever.When the air start lever is operated, a supply of pilot air enables the pilot air control valve to open either manually or with a pneumatic cylinder when a bridge control system is fitted.Pilot air for the ropriate direction of operation is also supplied to an air distributor.This device is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the control cylinders of the cylinder air start valves.The pilot air is then supplied in the ropriate sequence for the direction of operation required.The cylinder air start valves are held closed by springs when notin use and opened by the pilot air enabling the pressed air direct from the receivers to enter the engine cylinder.As soon as the engine fires the air starting lever is brought back.The pilot air control valve returns to the off position, venting the pilot air lines and the remote air starting valve and allog it to close.29.The best title for the passage is ____.A.starting air systemB.working principle of a diesel enginedoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.pressed air systemD.air distributing system30.The main equipment and drainage facilities of the pressed air system should meet therequirements specified by ____.A.IMOdoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.SC.ABSD.shipping register organizations31.The cylinder air start valve will _____.A.open immediately after air entering into pilot systemB.open just after TDC and keep open until e_haust ports are to be opened.C.not open until air pressure is over 25 bar.D.not close until the engine stating up32.The pilot air valve is actuated by____.A.cylinder air start valveB.air distributorC.the start leverD.bridge officerPassage 09The requirements of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78 ly to all ships carrying No_ious Liquid Substances(NLSs) in bulk.Substances posing a threat of harm to the marine environment are divided into three categories, _, Y and Z.Category _ substances are those posing the greatest threat to the marine environment, whilst Category Z substances are those posing the smallest threat.Substances considered to present no harm to marine resources, human health, amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea when discharged into the sea from tank cleaning of deballasting operations and listed in the pollution categorycolumn of chapter 18 of the International Bulk Chemical Code are indicated as OS (Other Substances).Where it is proposed to carry a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 of this regulation, the Governments of Parties to the Convention involved in the proposed operation shall establish and agree on a provisional assessment for the proposed operation on the basis of the guidelines referred to in paragraph 2 of this regulation.Until full agreement among the Governments involved has been reached, the substance shall not be carried.As soon as possible, but not later than 30 days after the agreement has been reached, the Government of the producing or shipping country, initiating the agreement concerned, shall notify the Organization and provide details of the substance and the provisional assessment for annual circulation to all Parties for their information.The Organization shall maintain a register of all such substances and their provisional assessment until such time as the substances are formally included in the IBC Code.33.Which category would cause least harm to the marine environment?A.NLS category _B.NLS category yC.NLS category ZD.OS34.When a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 were intended tocarried on board, and an assessment has made, then _____A.an agreement among the Governments involved need to be made.B.it could be ship-transferred.C.all parties to the convention should be informed.D.it could not be ship-transferred until it was listed in the IBC Code.35.When a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 were intended tocarried on board, and an assessment has made and an agreement among the Governments involved has fully reached, ____should notify the IMO.A.the shipping pany.B.the Administration.C.the ship owner.D.the Government who initiates the agreement.36.How does all parties get the provisional assessment of a NLSs?A.they are provided by the Government who made the provisional assessmentB.from IBC CodeC.through IMOD.from anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78Passage 10The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water & Sediments was adopted by consensus at a Diplomatic Conference at IMO in London on Friday 13 February 20__4.The main features of the Convention are outlined below (selected).Regulation D-1 Ballast Water E_change Standard - Ships performing Ballast Water e_change shall do so with an efficiency of 95 per cent volumetric e_change of Ballast Water.For ships e_changing ballast water by the pumping-through method, pumping through three times the volume of each ballast water tank shall be considered to meet the standard described.Pumping through less than three times the volume may be accepted provided the ship can demonstrate that at least 95 percent volumetrice_change is met.Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard - Ships conducting ballast water management shall discharge less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meter greater than or equal to 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter less than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and greater than or equal to 10 micrometers in minimum dimension; and discharge of the indicator microbes shall not e_ceed the specified concentrations.37.The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water & Sediments____on 13 February 20__4.A.was effected officially:B.came into forceC.was effectiveD.was voted and accepted38.Which statement is true about regulation D-1?A.At least three times the volume of each ballast water tank should be e_changed.B.At least 95 percent volumetric e_change of Ballast Water would be accepted.C.Pumping-through method has to be used.D.Even the volumetric e_change is less than 95 percent, the ship has other ways to meet thestandard.39.For organisms less than 10 micrometers in minimum dimension, what is the specific requirement?A.less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterB.less than 10 viable organisms per milliliterC.No any in the discharged ballast waterD.It is not specified in the regulation.40.For organisms greater than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension, what is the specific requirement?A.less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterB.less than 10 viable organisms per milliliterC.No any in the discharged ballast waterD.It is not specified in the regulation.。

轮机英语历年真题文档

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.A. cross-headB. spark plugC. connecting rodD. cylinder2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, iscommonly classed as a ______.A. slow-speed dieselB. medium-speed dieselC. high-speed dieselD. constant-speed diesel3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engineoperating efficiency?A. ImpellerB. CompressorC. After-coolerD. Exhaust diffuser4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than afour-stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______.A. it has a longer power strokeB. more air gets into the cylinder each strokeC. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedD. higher combustion pressure is developed5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______.A. cam followersB. push rodsC. combustion gasesD. valve springs6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be dividedinto two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______.A. the pulse-phase systemB. the pulse Doppler systemC. the pulse systemD. the pulse interval system7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event ofover-speed.A. cutting power off the engineB. increasing the fuel pump settingC. braking the crankshaftD. stabilizing the ship speed8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moisture.B. Test the relief valves.C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter.9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. seawater pressureD. exhausttemperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases fromthe main engine.A. an diesel oil heaterB. a waste heat boilerC. a fresh water generatorD. a donkeyboiler12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______.A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressureB. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiencyC. recycle exhaust gas to the turbochargerD. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blow down the gage glassD. assure protective steam flow14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______.A. increased heat transferB. fireside erosionC. high steam demandD. overheatedtubes16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with areciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Uponaccidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build upA. I, IIB. II, IIIC. I, II, IIID. II only17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts?A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing.B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out.C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump.D. They increase the strength of the shaft.18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______.A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completelyemptiedB. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped outC. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wellsD. discharge pressure will be too high.19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps?A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed.B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened.C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction.D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed.20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to______.A. closely observe the pump discharge temperatureB. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressureC. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressureD. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records21.Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between awarmer and a cooler substance?A. RadiationB. ConductionC. Natural convectionD. Contact directly22. A re-heater in an air conditioning system functions to ______.A. control inlet air temperatureB. control inlet air volumeC. maintain relative humidity at 15%D. restore conditioned air temperature to a comfortable level23.In a chilled water air conditioning unit using a reciprocating compressor, the refrigerating effectof the primary refrigerant can be increased by ______.A. increasing refrigerant pressure in the coilB. increasing chilled water flow through the coolerC. sub-cooling the refrigerant in the condenserD. superheating the refrigerant in the compressor24.Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressoras a result of ______.A. wax precipitation in the lube oilB. contamination by dust, scale, or moistureC. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilD. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity25.Placing a filter on the ______of an oily water separator will “polish” the discharge butoverloading must be avoided.A. suction sideB. discharge sideC. by-pass pipeD. sampling pipe26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______.The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agent （消毒剂）D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. Wechanged the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder32.The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators,include ______.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator33.Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a drinking water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve34.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinderbody36.In a general cargo crane, ______is fitted to lift the cargo load.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan moter37.______are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches38.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate39.Dual (双的)electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A. with both pumps on line at the same time B．with one pump on standbyC．with the follow-up gear disconnected D．only when the rudder is moved amidships40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41.An electrical device which employs a stationary armature and a rotating electromagnetic field isused aboard ship as a ______.A. magnetic amplifierB. ship's service alternatorC. three-wire DC generatorD. saturable core reactor42.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .A. D.C.B. A.C. C. generatorD.fresh water generator43.Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ______.A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch44.______shall be continuously powered and shall have an automatic changeover to a stand bypower supply in case of loss of normal power supply .A. Cooling systemB. Alarm systemC. The air conditioning installationD. The mooring equipment45.Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind ______andonly the operation handles and instruments are on the frontA. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface46.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards47.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.A. heat-resisting acrylicB. heat-resisting aluminumC. insulating varnishD. insulating white lead49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. should short the circuit when overloaded50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.A. diode(二极管)B. amplifierC. circuit breakerD. capacitor51.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid52.When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unitor console should be ___.A. automatically controlledB. off powerC. continuously mannedD. continuously unmanned53.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the ______gear put in, all drains andindicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55. A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation57.To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.A. close all openings to the areaB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. cool the bulkheads around the fireD. shut off all electric power58.The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack59.After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______.A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment'sentranceB. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administration.C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.61.To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thatpersonnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spacesII. Bunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II65.Your ship‟s certificat es show that you did not do renewing work for certificate. All certificateshave expired a few days before. Thus, your ship is ______.It follows therefore that she will______.A. seaworthy / be fined in our portB. un-seaworthy/ be disassembled in our portC. seaworthy / be assembled in our portD. un-seaworthy / be detained in our port66.“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a______.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer withoutdelay______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship‟sspeedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not tomaintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable avessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. efficiencyD. safety73.The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused74.______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall bemaintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 4二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 75. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal levelB. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze in the funnelC. orange flame tipD. swirl oil spray三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. 船舶加油期间，如发现船舶附近水面有油或发生溢油事故，都应立即停止加油作业。

轮机英语关联题

Passage 12第三题The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation.第二题A There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections and mechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.第二题B ,第一题The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.第二题C In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions'.第五题Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block.第四题The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence "The circulating fresh water should be treated ..." (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be_____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary注：在第二段中，”循环的淡水应该被处理,,,,,,”可能的意思是淡水冷却水应该被化验以及配药在必要时。

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