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Daily News December 15 , 2009

1.The UN's Copenhagen Climate Conference started on December 7 and aims to reach

a new agreement to deal with global climate change. However, due to severe differences among different countries, if they want to come to an agreement that is legally binding, four obstacles must be overcome.

2.The first is the developed countries' emission reduction goals for 2020, which are also known as the middle-term goals. Developing countries require developed countries to fulfill their commitments of reducing emissions by at least 40 percent in 2020 .compared to 1990, which they made during the "Bali Roadmap" in 2007. However, so far, only Norway has said that it will reduce its emission by 40 percent by 2020 compared to 1990. The European Union promised 20 percent; Japan promised 25 percent; but the US only promised 4 percent. Fierce quarrels and severe differences will inevitably appear between developed and developing countries should the developed countries refuse to fulfill the commitments they made during the "Bali Roadmap".

3.The second obstacle is the emissions reduction issues of big developing countries, such as China and India. The third obstacle is technical and funding sources that developing countries need to ____ _____climate change. As developed countries have inescapable historical obligations for the climate change issue, developing countries have called on them to take the lead in emissions reduction and provide developing countries with funding and technical support for combating climate change. However, developed countries that have strongly urged developing countries to promise specific emissions reduction targets are unwilling to provide developing countries substantial funding and technical assistance. The fourth is the frameworks and principles for climate change negotiation.

4.In short, the Copenhagen Climate Change Conference cannot reach any legally binding, global emissions reduction agreement unless it can ______ the above "four obstacles." Otherwise, only a political declaration or promise without legally binding force can be concluded.

1. Give the passage the best title_____________________________________________.

2. What is the purpose of the UN’s Copenhagen Climate Conference?

_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. All the developed countries has fulfilled their commitments of reducing emissions by at least 40%in 2020. T/F

4. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph3 ____ ____and the last paragraph ______

5. Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 3

_______________________________________________________________________