2014年 春季学期 经济学原理2 期中1 清华
2014年清华大学431金融学综合考研真题
2014年清华大学431金融学综合考研真题一、选择题：1、商业银行最基本的职能是：A.信用中介B.支付中介C.信用创造D.金融服务2、为保持银行的清偿能力和流动性，商业银行贷款的期限结构必须与下列哪一项的期限结构匹配：A.存款和中间业务B.资产C.经营D.存款与其他负债3、以下哪个不属于我国M1的统计范畴：A.居民持有的现钞B.企业持有的现钞C.企业的活期存款D.居民的活期存款4、什么确定了中央银行在金融体系中的核心和主导地位，确定了中央银行对金融机构实施金融监督管理的必然性与必要性。
A.依法实施货币政策B.代理国库C.充当“最后贷款人”角色D.集中与垄断货币发行5、如果金银的法定比价是1：14，而市场比价是1：15，这时，充斥市场的将是A.银币B.金币C.金币和银币同时D.都不是6、商业银行利用资本金来应对：A.预期损失B.非预期损失C.灾难性损失D.以上全部7、在美国境内的XYZ公司，有一笔7.5亿日元的应付款，需要在一年后支付给东京银行。
目前即期汇率是RMB116/D1.00，一年远期汇率是RMB109/D1.00.美元的年利率为6%，日元为3%.XYZ公司也可以购买以0.0086美元/日元为执行价格的一年期的日元看涨期权，成本为0、0012美分/日元。
如果远期汇率是对未来即期汇率的最佳的预期，若用期权对冲，一年后总支付的美元价值是：A.美元6，450，000B.美元6，545，400C.美元6，653，833D.美元6，880，7348、固定汇率9、一个投资项目有如下信息：内部收益率（IRR）8、7%；利润率：98%净现值：-393美元；回收期：2、44年资本成本：9、5%以下哪个陈述是对的？A.用于计算净现值的折现率必须小于8、7%B.按照净现值该项目应该被接受C.按照利润率项目应该被接受D.按照内部收益率项目应该被拒绝10、公司财务经理的责任是增加：A.公司规模B.公司增长速度C.经理人的能力D.股东权益价值11、如果你父母每年年初给你10000元钱。
北京大学经原试题经济学原理ⅱ(07春季期中2)
经济学原理II（2007年春季学期）期中考试2（A卷答案）（2007/5/14）注意：请全部用中文回答（留学生可用英文）。
请将所有题目的答案写在答题册上并标明A、B卷，写在本试题纸上一律无效。
考试结束后，试题纸和答题册一并上交。
一、判断题（判断并必须说明理由，必要时可以用图形。
每题4分，共28分。
）1.一国生产其所需要的全部产品而不从事国际贸易，能够使得该国的经济更快地增长。
错误。
国际贸易使得该国生产其具有比较优势的产品并从交换中获益，并没有减少该国的总产出。
相反，国际贸易带来经济增长，这与技术进步的影响类似。
2. A higher rate of saving leads to higher growth indefinitely.False. A higher rate of saving leads to higher growth temporarily but not indefinitely. Since capital is subject to diminishing returns, as the higher saving rate allows more capital to be accumulated, the benefits from additional capital become smaller over time, and so growth slows down.3.From 1950 to 2000, manufacturing employment as a percentage of total employment in theU.S. economy fell significantly. At the same time, manufacturing output experienced slightly more rapid than the overall economy. Policy makers should concern about the decline in the share of manufacturing employment.False. If manufacturing output is rising and the number of workers is declining, then output per worker, or labor productivity, must be rising, and this is beneficial to the economy. After all, the reduction in manufacturing jobs will allow labor resources to move to other industries, increasing total output in the economy.4.You use your $200 paycheck to buy bond in AT&T. This situation represents investment asdefined by a macroeconomist.错误。
2014春经原期末考试试题
清华大学社科学院2014年春季《经济学原理》（宏观部分）期末考试试题一、不确定选项选择题（每题1分，共20分；选对给分，选错不扣分）1、宏观经济学与微观经济学的关系是（）A．微观经济学是研究既定（稀缺）资源有效配置的科学，宏观经济学则是研究资源充分利用的科学；B．宏观经济分析和微观经济分析是互为前提、互相补充的；C．微观经济学是宏观经济学的基础；D．微观经济学和宏观经济学基本采用相同的分析方法；E．以上说法全都正确。
2、在一个有家庭、企业、政府和国外部门构成的四部门经济中，GDP是下面哪一个选择中各项的和（）A．消费、总投资、政府在商品和劳务上的支出、净出口；B．消费、净投资、政府在商品和劳务上的支出、净出口；C．国民收入和间接税；D．工资、租金、利息、利润和折旧。
3、下列哪一种情况可能是物价水平上升和实际国民生产总值减少的原因（）A．预期未来的利润率上升；B．总财产减少；C．原料价格上升；D．资本存量增加。
4、假定货币供给量和价格水平不变，货币需求为收入和利率的函数，则收入增加时（）A．货币需求增加，利率上升；B．货币需求增加，利率下降；C．货币需求减少，利率上升；D．货币需求减少，利率下降。
5、在经济萧条时期，政府可以选择的货币政策是( )A．降低法定准备率；B．中央银行在公开市场上买进政府债券；C．中央银行在公开市场上卖出政府债券；D．降低再贴现率；E．提高再贴现率。
6、中央银行的负债项目包括（）A．流通中的通货；B．政府及公共机构的存款；C．商业银行等金融机构存款；D．其他负债。
7、宏观经济学研究的中心理论是：( )A．失业与通货膨胀理论B．国民收入决定理论C．经济周期理论D．经济增长理论8、以下选项中，（）不属于政府购买。
A．地方政府出资办了一所中学；B．政府定购军火；C．政府为低收入者提供一笔住房补贴；D．政府给公务员增加薪水。
9、比较存在所得税的政府购买对GDP的作用与没有所得税时政府购买对GDP的作用，前者的作用（）。
经济学原理期中试题参考答案
经济学原理期中考试试题一、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，10小题，每题2分，共20分）1、“资源是稀缺的”是指（）A、资源是不可再生的B、资源必需留给下一代C、资源终将被消耗殆尽D、相关于需求而言，资源老是不足的2、小强礼拜六下午决定学习三个小时，而不是去打网球。
请问他学习的机遇本钱是（）A、学习三个小时后，学习成绩的提高B、学习成绩的提高减去打网球带来的欢乐C、从打网球中取得的欢乐和锻炼D、没有机遇本钱3、以下哪一项为哪一项宏观经济学研究的内容：（）A、政府管制对民航机票价钱的阻碍B、农人决定今年种植多少粮食的决策C、加入WTO对中国汽车企业的阻碍D、中国的高储蓄对经济增加的阻碍4、以下哪一种表述是实证而非标准的表述：（）A、我国政府应该调高人民币汇率B、农人工的合法权益理应取得保障C、印度去年的GDP增加率为9%D、咱们必需要遏制经济过热的势头5、以下哪个概念不能用生产可能性边界表现出来？（）A、效率B、公平C、衡量取舍D、机遇本钱6、假定在某个市场中，消费者用于购买正常品的收入减少，而生产该物品的投入品的价钱下降。
那么，咱们能够预期：（）A、均衡价钱将上升，但对该市场均衡数量的阻碍那么是不确信的。
B、均衡价钱将下降，但对该市场均衡数量的阻碍那么是不确信的。
C、均衡价钱与均衡数量都上升。
D、均衡数量将上升，但对该市场均衡价钱的阻碍那么是不确信的。
7、当禽流感到来时，鸡蛋的销量下降了，但价钱却没有太大的转变。
对此说明最为合理的是：（）A、鸡蛋的供给曲线呈完全水平状态，而需求曲线左移B、鸡蛋的需求曲线呈完全水平状态，而供给曲线左移C、鸡蛋的供给曲线和需求曲线都发生了左移D、这种现象违抗了供求理论，属于异样现象8、某月内，某种商品的替代品的价钱上升，其互补品的价钱也上升，别离引发该商品的需求量变更50单位和80单位，那么在它们一起作用下该月这种商品的需求数量（）A、减少30单位B、增加30单位C、减少130单位D、增加130单位9、某商品的价钱上升了2%，其需求量下降了12%，以下哪个陈述最适用该商品？A、该商品几乎没有相近的替代品。
201420151经济学2期中考试yym带答案
电子科技大学二零一四至二零一五学年第一学期期中考试经济学II 课程考试题 A 卷（90 分钟）考试形式：闭卷考试日期：2014年11月3 日分得一、判断题（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，每小题2分，共20分）（√）1．Macroeconomics examines the behavior of economic aggregates. Microeconomics is the foundationof Macroeconomics.（√）2．If the Fed buys government bonds, the equilibrium value of money decreases and the equilibriumprice level increases.（√）3．The slope of the saving curve is positive and increasing in income Y.（×）4．GDP can measure either the total income of everyone in the economy or the total expenditure on themeasure both at the same time.economy's output of goods and services, but GDP cannot（√）5．The basic tools of supply and demand are as central to macroeconomic analysis as they are to microeconomic analysis.（×）6．The Federal Reserve is a privately operated commercial bank.（√）7．An economy's income is the same as its expenditure because every transaction has a buyer and aseller.（×）8．The consumer price index is used to monitor changes in an economy's production of goods andservices over time.（×）9．When economists refer to investment, they mean the purchasing of stocks and bonds and other typesof saving.（√）10．Banks cannot influence the money supply if they hold all deposits in reserve.得分二、单项选择题（每小题2分，共40分）1 / 7（ D ）1．Dead-weight costs of inflation include:A．Informational costs B．Menu costs C．Shoe-leather costs D．All above（ A ）2．Unemployment rate isA．percentage of the labor force that is unemployedB．the fraction of the adult population that ‘participates' in the labor forceC．percentage of labor force that is not employed and not looking for workD．None of the above（ A ）3．If the spontaneous consumption decreases, the IS curve willA．shift to left B．shift to right C．be unchanged D．move down（ D ）4．Institutions that help to match one person's saving with another person's investment are collectively called theA.Federal Reserve system.B.banking system.C. monetary system.D. financial system.（ D ）5．Suppose that in 2010, the producer price index increases by 2 percent. As a result, economists most likely will predict thatA. GDP will increase in 2011.B. the producer price index will increase by more than 2 percent in 2011.C. interest rates will decrease in the future.D.the consumer price index will increase in the future（D ）6．Economists use the term money to refer to A. all wealth.B. all assets, including real assets and financial assets.C. all financial assets, but real assets are not regarded as money.D. those types of wealth that are regularly accepted by sellers in exchange for goods and services.（ B ）7．Which one is commodity money below?A．Token B．Silver C．Fiat D．Legal tender（ A ）10．China's saving rate in 2008 is about2 / 7A．51.3% B．60% C．5% D．71.3%（ B ）8．Which of the following changes will decrease investment?A．A doubling of the annual revenues. B．A rise in interest rates.DAn increase in tax rate on net profits ．All aboveC．（D ）9．Money is not income, and money is not wealth. Money is:A．a means of payment B．a store of valueD ．All of above.C．a unit of account（ A ）10．M1, or transactions money is money that can be directly used for transactions. It includes: A．currency held outside banks B．all personal depositsD．All above.C．non-checkable deposits（ A ）11．The central bank performs important functions, but not including:A．Set the tax rateB．Clearing interbank paymentsC．Regulating the banking systemD．All of above（ B ）12．The IS model shows the relationship betweenA．Y & P B．Y & r C．P & r D．I & S（ D ）13．Consider the following three items of spending by the government: (1) the federal governmentpays a $500 unemployment benefit to an unemployed person; (2) the federal government makes a $2,000 salarypayment to a Navy lieutenant; (3) the city of Bozeman, Montana makes a $10,000 payment to ABC LightingCompany for street lights in Bozeman. Which of these payments contributes directly to government purchasesin the national income accounts?A．(1) B．(2)C．(1) and (2) D ．(2) and (3).（ C ）14．An American soldier stationed in California receives a paycheck from the federal government for$500, which she uses to purchase a $300 stereo made in Korea by a Korean firm and $200 worth of groceriesproduced in California. As a result, U.S. GDP increases byA．$200B．$500 C．$700 D．$1000（ D ）15．When economists talk about growth in the economy, they measure that growth as the3 / 7A．absolute change in nominal GDP from one period to another.B．percentage change in nominal GDP from one period to another.C．absolute change in real GDP from one period to another.D．percentage change in real GDP from one period to another.（ C ）16．Many things that society values, such as good health, high-quality education, enjoyable recreationopportunities, and desirable moral attributes of the population, are not measured as part of GDP. It follows thatA．GDP is not a useful measure of society's welfare.B．GDP is still a useful measure of society's welfare because providing these other attributes is the responsibility of government.C．GDP is still a useful measure of society's welfare because it measures a nation's ability to purchase theinputs that can be used to help produce the things that contribute to welfare.D．GDP is still the best measure of society's welfare because these other values cannot actually be measured.（ B ）17．During a presidential campaign, the incumbent argues that he should be reelected because nominalGDP grew by 12 percent during his 4-year term in office. You know that population grew by 4 percent over theperiod and that the GDP deflator increased by 6 percent during the past 4 years. You should conclude that realGDP per personA．grew by more than 12 percent. B．grew, but by less than 12 percent.D ．C．was unchanged.decreased.（ D ）18．In the IS model, endogenous variable(s) is (are)A．consumption B．investment C．saving D．all above variables（ B ）19．If the consumption function is C = 100 + 0.75Y, the MPS isA．100 B．0.25 C．0.75 D．None of the above（ A ）20．The multiplier of transfer payment isA．MPC/(1-MPC ) B．-MPC/(1-MPC )C．1/(1-MPC ) D．-1/(1-MPC )得分40分）三、计算题（共1. The table below contains data for the country of Wrexington for the year 2009.4 / 7$5731Total income$1108Household purchases of durable goods$702Household purchases of nondurablegoods$203Household purchases of non-education services$302Household purchases of education services $816Household purchases of new housing$333Purchases of capital equipment$75Inventory changes)分a). (2What was Wrexington's GDP in 2008?GDP= Totalincome=$5731=C+I+G+NX=2315+1491+1837+88)分(2 b).What was Wrexington's consumption in 2008?Consumption= Household purchases of durable goods+ Household purchases of nondurable goods+ Household purchases of non-education services+ Household purchases of education services=$2315)(2分c). What was Wrexington's investment in 2008?Investment= Household purchases of new housing+ Purchases of capital equipment+ Inventory changes+ Purchasesof new structures=$1491) (2分d). What were Wrexington's government purchases in 2008?Government purchases= Local government spending on goods and services+ State government spending on goodsand services+ Federal government spending on goods and services= $1837)分e). (2What were Wrexington's net exports in 2008?Net exports= Foreign purchases of domestically produced goods- Domestic purchases of foreign goods= $882. Consider an economy A described by the following equations:2.NX, G + I = C + + Y= 5,000, Y= 1,000, G= 1,000,T), T ? = 250 + 0.75(C Yr, 50?I = 1,000500e, = 500 NX ?* = 5.= r r5 / 7a. In this economy, solve for national saving, investment, the trade balance, and the equilibrium exchange rate.b. Suppose now that G rises to 1,250. Solve for national saving, investment, the trade balance, and the equilibriumexchange rate.c. Now suppose that the world interest rate rises from 5 to 10 percent. (G is again 1,000.) Solve for national saving,investment, the trade balance, and the equilibrium exchange rate.3The table below contains data for The First Bank of Wahooton. .The First Bank of WahootonLiabilitiesAssets Deposits $150,000Reserves $25,000Loans 125,000Please answer the following questions. (共15分)a). (3分) If the bank faces a reserve requirement of 10 percent, how much excess reserves does the bank have?It has excess reserves of $10,000.(3分) b). If the bank faces a reserve requirement of 10 percent, how much new loan can the bank make?It can make a new loan of $10,000.c). Suppose the bank faces a reserve requirement of 10 percent. Starting from the situation as depicted by the T-account, a customer deposits an additional $50,000 into his account at the bank. If the bank takes no other action,(3分) How much excess reserves will it have?an additional $50,000 →reserve requirement Increase =$50,000 *10%= $5,000excess reserves Increase=$45,000$55,000 in excess reserves.d). to meet itsIf the bank faces a reserve requirement of 20 percent, how much additional reserves does it need(3分)reserve requirements?It needs $5,000 more reserves to meet its reserve requirements.e). If the First Bank of Wahooton is holding $4,000 in excess reserves, what is the reserve requirement with which it(3分)must comply?14 percent.6 / 77 / 7。
2014年清华大学851西方经济学考研试题
）2014年清华大学851西方经济学考研试题
回忆版）
（回忆版
西方经济学考研试题（判断说理题（
（10×3分）
一、判断说理题
涉及到的知识点有:
1.收入效应
2.公共物品
3.垄断
4.汇率升降
5.永久收入假说
6.经济衰退时的货币供应量等
（8×5分）
简答题（
二、简答题
1.契约曲线
2.停止营业点
3.风险溢价
4.宏观经济的长期表现与短期表现
5.财政政策与货币政策的异同
6.信息不对称及方法
7.李嘉图等价
三、计算题4题
1.求利润最大化时的劳动供给
2.博弈论，求均衡结果
3.求法定准备金率下降后，M的变化率
4.索罗模型，求各种增长率
四、论述题2题
1.用经济人假设和委托代理机制分析如何预防腐败
2.外汇储备的由来，以及怎么实现中国的外部经济平衡。
经济学原理2(19春)_答案
经济学原理 I（2021 年春季学期）期中考试 1（A 卷答案）（2019/4/3）（所有题目答案需写在另发的答题本上，否则无效。
本试卷满分 50 分。
）1.判断以下陈述是否正确，并阐述理由。
（3 分*3 题=9 分）1.1通常将企业的利润看成是“企业家精神”的回报。
和其他生产要素一样，该回报是在竞争性市场上按其边际贡献取得的。
错误。
前半句正确，后半句错误。
利润并非按企业家的边际贡献取得的，而是一种“剩余索取权”。
由于企业家提供了独特的“非竞争性”要素，最终体现在企业产品的独特性上，获得的是一种“垄断性”的回报。
1.2教育的信号理论认为，清华大学的毕业生能获得比其他学校毕业生更高的薪水，是因为清华大学比其他学校拥有更高的教学质量。
错误。
教育的信号理论认为教育的作用是帮助先天能力强的学生发出高质量的信号。
因此清华大学的毕业生能获得更高薪水是因为高质量学生通过选择清华大学才能发出高质量信号。
这种选择机制可能来自于清华大学录取标准高，或者清华大学的课业完成难。
但不一定对应着较高的教学质量。
1.3在市场经济中，每个市场都是由供求力量决定的均衡结果。
所有市场的均衡结果加总成成为经济总的产出和价格。
因此微观经济学足以解释经济整体，不需要有单独考虑经济总产出和价格的宏观经济学。
错误。
所有市场的均衡结果的简单加总忽略了市场之间的相互关联。
这一关联会使得对于整体经济进行分析变得极为困难。
而经济总体的产出和价格的变化规律未必一定要从所有市场的关联中推导出来，实际上某些经济局部的变动相互之间可以抵消。
因此宏观经济学仍然有独立的意义。
2.选择题。
每个题目只有一个正确答案。
（2 分*5 题=10 分）2.1行为经济学中定义的禀赋效应，是指人们对于自己已经拥有的物品的评价（即出售意愿）高于自己尚未拥有时对该物品的评价（即支付意愿）。
以下张三的哪个行为说明了禀赋效应的存在：A.张三愿意花 15 元钱购买一个马克杯，但不愿意以 15 元出售一个马克杯。
清华大学双学位经济学原理期中考试及答案A
经济学原理（2008年春季学期，全校选修课）期中测验2（A卷答案）（2008/5/6）注意：中文回答即可（留学生可用英文）。
请将所有题目的答案写在答题本上并标明A、B 卷，写在本试题册上一律无效。
考试结束后，试题册和答题本一并上交。
一、判断题（判断并简要说明理由，必要时可以用图形。
每题4分，共28分）1．“我们不允许任何人通过付费就可以制造污染。
”（美国前参议员埃德蒙•马斯基的话）错误。
在污染的问题上存在社会收益和成本的权衡，零污染并非社会最优。
向污染者适当收费可以使得污染者将其社会成本考虑在内，达到社会有效率。
2．为了遏制全球变暖问题，每个国家都应该稳定自己现有的二氧化碳排放水平。
错误。
减少（或稳定）二氧化碳总量的排放，并不需要使得每个国家同等程度地减少（或稳定）排放，这样会提高给定排放量下的减排成本。
采取排放许可证等方式，允许减排成本低的的国家进行减排，其并通过出售许可证等方式给予补偿，可以更有效率地达到总水平相同的排放，且各国都受益。
3．集体宿舍的卫生状况坏于单身公寓，原因是集体宿舍住的人多。
错误。
集体宿舍卫生状况坏于单身宿舍，是由于共有地悲剧，即破坏卫生产生了负外部性（或者相反的，打扫卫生产生了正外部性）。
4．对于决定短期内是否停止营业的竞争性企业来说，其固定成本无论如何不能节省，说明这是一个真实的成本。
因此，在做出这一决策时必须将固定成本考虑在内。
错误。
固定成本此时是一种沉没成本，并不影响企业的决策。
因此可以不予考虑。
5．在一个没有垄断力量的（竞争）市场上有正利润的企业必定不在其规模经济处生产；而在一个具有垄断力量的市场上有正利润的企业则可能在其规模经济处生产。
正确。
我们知道，竞争市场上价格等于边际成本，而正利润意味着价格大于平均成本。
因此企业的边际成本必然大于平均成本，而这意味着平均成本上升，必定不在规模经济处。
（另一种推导：反证。
假定在规模经济处，则此时企业增加产量，利润= (P-A TC)*Q，必定上升。
经济学原理2期中考试试卷和参考答案2
中央银行（单位：亿元）
资产
负债
资产
流通中现金
银行准备金
银行（单位：亿元）
资产
负债
准备金
活期存款
贷款
其他存款
2. 摩擦性失业（17 分） 一个经济当中所有的工人都属于劳动力队伍（即参工率为 1），当前时期开始时的失
业率用 U 表示。如果一个工人在当前时期被雇佣，其预期的未来所有各期的总福利用 Ve(w) 表示，w 是企业向工人支付的工资水平。这个总福利考虑到了他在未来的各种可能性，包括 被解雇或辞职。假定 Ve(0)=0，Ve(w)随 w 是递增的，但 w 对于 Ve(w)的边际效应是递减的。 如果一个工人在当前时期是未必雇佣（即失业）的，则其未来预期福利用符号 u 表示，该 总福利同样也考虑了他在未来各种可能性，包括重新就业。假定 Vu>0。
4
姓名
学号
班级
（A 卷）
（1） 以当前工资(w)为横坐标，以工人的福利为纵坐标，分别画出工人对于被雇佣的预 期福利 Ve(w)和对失业的预期福利 Vu 相对于当前时期工资（w）的曲线。工人在当前 时期选择就业所要求的最低工资（即保留工资）w*为多少？在图中表示。（2 分）
1. 中国的货币乘数（17 分）
在中国人民银行（中国的中央银行）公布的 2010 年年末统计数据中，可以找到如下
（简化）的中央银行和银行各自的 T 形帐户，假定银行的准备金均存入中央银行：
中央银行（单位：亿元）
资产
负债
资产 186,000
流通中现金 49,000
银行准备金 _______
银行（单位：亿元）
amount of inventories they hold for each dollar of sales. Expenditures on inventories are a
经济学原理I(14秋季期中1)仅试题版
姓名学号班级（A 卷）经济学原理I（2014年秋季学期）期中考试1（A卷答案）（2014/11/15）学术部温馨提示：此处为仅有题目版本，适合对照完全版中答案使用。
可以将此版本打印并配合答题纸模拟考试实况。
1.判断以下陈述是否正确，阐述理由。
必要时画出图形。
（3*4=12分）1.1 政府的支农政策（例如，让农民便宜地购买种子和化肥）导致了粮食增产，这又导致粮食价格下降，从而使得粮食产量减少，而这又使得粮食价格上升。
因此，无法确定粮食市场最终的产量与价格的变化方向。
1.2 Lovers of classical music persuade Congress to impose a price ceiling of $40 per concert ticket. As a result of this policy, more people attend classical music concerts.1.3 电脑行业的技术进步只能使得经济中的电脑产量增加，而经济中其它产品的数量肯定不会增加。
1.4 政府减少土地供给的政策肯定挤出了住房市场上的泡沫，因为这减少了住房市场的均衡数量，从而减少了住房空置率。
2.Multiple Choice. Each problem only has one correct choice. (2*5=10 points)2.1 An economy produces hot dogs and hamburgers. If a discovery of the remarkable health benefits of hot dogs were to change consumers’ preferences, it woulda. expand the production possibilities frontier.b. contract the production possibilities frontier.c.Move the economy along the production possibilities frontier.d. Move the economy inside the production possibilities frontier.2.2 Which of the following is a positive, rather than a normative, statement?a. Law X will reduce national income.b. Law X is a good piece of legislation.c.Congress ought to pass law X.d. The president should veto law X.2.3 Which of the following might lead to an increase in the equilibrium price of jelly and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of jelly sold?a. an increase in the price of peanut butter, a complement to jellyb. an increase in the price of Marshmallow Fluff, a substitute for jellyc.an increase in the price of grapes, an input into jellyd. an increase in consumers’ incomes, as long as jelly is a normal good2.4 The price of coffee rose sharply last month, while the quantity sold remained the same. Each of five people suggest an explanation:TOM: Demand increased, but supply was perfectly inelastic.DICK: Demand increased, but it was perfectly inelastic.HARRY: Demand increased, but supply decreased at the same time.1姓名学号班级（A 卷）LARRY: Supply decreased, but demand was unit elastic.MARY: Supply decreased, but demand was perfectly inelastic.Who could possibly be right?a. T om, Dick, and Harry.b. T om, Dick, and Mary.c.T om, Harry, and Mary.d. Dick, Harry, and Larry.e. Dick, Harry, and Mary2.5 Which o f the f ollowing w ould i ncrease q uantity s upplied, i ncrease q uantity d emanded, a nd decrease the price that consumers pay?a. the imposition of a binding price floorb. the removal of a binding price floorc.the passage of a tax levied on producersd. the repeal of a tax levied on producersparative Advantage and Gains from Trade (11 pts)Mark and Bob are roommates. Mark can cook dinner in 30 minutes and wash the laundry in 20 minutes. Bob takes 20 minutes to cook dinner and 30 minutes to wash the laundry. The rule of their apartment building requires that each of them should take half of each task, but does not prohibit them from any trading activity.a. How long would Mark and Bob need to finish their own share of both tasks required by therule? Show Mark and Bob’s production possibilities frontier (PPF), by fixing their amount of time available at the level for finishing their required share of both tasks. Label the points representing their required share of tasks on their PPF curves. (Hint: the PPF curve should use share (or percentage) of each task as its X and Y axis. And those shares cannot be larger than one. ) (3 pts)b. What is the most efficient way of allocating tasks between Mark and Bob? The most efficientway is the way that takes the minimum level of total amount of time. Show the efficient task allocation in their PPF curves. (2 pts)c.Mark and Bob decide to trade with each other to improve their welfare (i.e., to save theirown time). What would be the exchange rate between washing and cooking Mark is willing to accept? How about Bob? (2 pts)d. Is there any exchange rate acceptable for both of them and still achieving the most efficientallocation of works? If yes, show it on the graph. If not, explain why not. (1 pt)e. What would be the most favorable exchange rate for Mark? If Mark can force Bob to trade onhis most favorable exchange rate as much as possible, what would be the final allocation of work among them? Show it on the graph. Is this allocation efficient? (3 pts)2．． ． 姓名 学号 班级 （A 卷）4.地铁票价调整（17 分）某城市地铁长期执行一个政府规定的比较低的票价，导致地铁拥挤不堪。
经济学原理期中测试题
VERSION 1 mit Antworten PAGE 11. A country's consumption possibilities frontier can be outside its production possibilities frontiera. with trade.b. by producing a greater variety of goods and services.c. by lowering unemployment in the country.d. by allocating resources differently.2. Suppose consumer income increases. If swimsuits are normal goods, the equilibrium price of swimsuits will __________,and producer surplus in the swimsuit industry will __________.a. decrease, decreaseb. decrease, increasec. increase, decreased. increase, increase3. A legal minimum price at which a good can be sold is aa. price ceiling.b. price cut.c. price floor.d. price stabilization.These figures illustrate the production possibilities available to Tom and Nicole with 40 hours of labor.4. Refer to the graphs given. If Tom and Nicole both specialize in the good in which they have a comparative advantage, totalproduction of books will be __________ and total production of videos will be __________.a. 40, 4c. 9, 42d. 4, 405. In the graph shown, the section of the demand curve labeled C representsa. the elastic section of the demand curve.b. the inelastic section of the demand curve.c. the unit elastic section of the demand curve.d. the perfectly elastic section of the demand curve.6. The demand for a good tends to be more elastica. the longer the period of time.b. the greater the availability of close substitutes.c. the narrower the definition of the market.d. All of the above are correct.This table refers to five possible buyers' willingness to pay for Good Z.Buyer Willingness to PayJamie 7.00John 5.50Jeremy 4.00Sarah 3.507. Refer to the table shown. Which of the following is NOT true?a. The demand schedule represented by the table shows the willingness to pay of the marginal buyer.b. At a price of $4.00, total consumer surplus in the market will be $9.00.c. The table is the demand schedule for Good Z.d. When the price is $3.50, each person would have a positive consumer surplus.8. According to the graph, the price buyers will pay after the tax is imposed isa. $8.00.b. $6.00.c. $5.00.d. $3.50.9. According to the graph shown, if the government imposes a binding price ceiling in this market at a price of $5.00, theresult would bea. a shortage of 20 units.b. a shortage of 30 units.c. a surplus of 20 units.d. a surplus of 40 units.10. In economics, the cost of something isa. the out-of-pocket expense of obtaining it.b. always measured in units of time.c. what you give up to get it.11. An externality isa. the impact of society's decisions on the well-being of society.b. the impact of society's decisions on the well-being of one person.c. the impact of a person's actions on that person's well-being.d. the impact of one person's actions on the well-being of a bystander.12. A modela. simplifies reality.b. assumes away irrelevant details.c. can explain how the economy is organized.d. all of the above13. The initial effect of a tax on the buyers of a gooda. is on the supply of that good.b. is on both the supply of the good and the demand for the good.c. is on the demand for that good.d. is on the price of the good.14. The movement from point A to point B on the graph showsa. a decrease in demand.b. an increase in demand.c. an increase in quantity demanded.15. The particular price that results in quantity supplied being equal to quantity demanded is the best price becausea. it maximizes the profit of buyers.b. it maximizes costs of the seller.c. it minimizes the expenditure of buyers.d. it maximizes the total welfare of buyers and sellers.16. On the graph, the movement from D to D1 could be caused bya. an increase in price.b. a decrease in the price of a complement.c. an increase in technology.d. a decrease in the price of a substitute.17. Refer to the graph shown. What area represents producer surplus when the price is P1?a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D18. On the production possibilities frontier shown, the opportunity cost to the economy of getting 10 additional roller bladesby moving from point A to point B isa. 15 bikes.b. 10 bikes.c. 5 bikes.d. It is impossible to know the opportunity cost without knowing the cost of the resources used to produce theadditional roller blades.19. Refer to the graph shown. When the price rises from P1 to P2, consumer surplusa. increases by an amount equal to A.b. decreases by an amount equal to B + C.c. increases by an amount equal to B + C.d. decreases by an amount equal to C.These figures illustrate the production possibilities frontiers for Robinson Crusoe and Friday with 12 hours of labor.20. Refer to the graphs given. For Friday the opportunity cost of 1 pound of coconuts isa. 2/3 pound of fish.b. 3 pounds of fish.c. 1 pound of fish.d. 2 pounds of fish.21. In the figure shown, which panel(s) best represent(s) a binding rent control in the long run?a. panel (a)b. panel (b)c. neither paneld. both panels22. In the circular-flow diagram,a. firms are buyers in the product market.b. spending on goods and services flow from firms to households.c. households are sellers in the resource market.23. Demand is said to be inelastica. if buyers respond substantially to changes in the price of the good.b. if the quantity demanded changes only slightly when the price of the good changes.c. if demand shifts only slightly when the price of the good changes.d. if the price of the good responds only slightly to changes in demand.24. If the minimum wage is above the equilibrium wage,a. the quantity demanded of labor will be less than the quantity supplied.c. the quantity demanded of labor will equal the quantity supplied.d. the quantity demanded of labor will be greater than the quantity supplied.These figures illustrate the production possibilities available to Tom and Nicole with 40 hours of labor.25. Refer to the graphs given. Nicole has a comparative advantage in __________ and Tom has a comparative advantage in__________.a. videos, booksb. both goods, neither goodc. books, videosd. neither good, books26. On the graph shown, the elasticity of demand from point B to point C, using the midpoint method would bea. 0.5b. 0.75d. 1.327. If a seller is supplying a product that is slightly different than that of many close competitors and is able to charge adifferent price than competitors, then the sellera. is participating in a monopolistically competitive market.b. is producing a homogeneous product.c. will eventually have to decrease the price.d. is a monopolist.28. The art of scientific thinking involvesa. being able to mathematically express natural forces.b. understanding every scientific field - physics, biology and economics.c. knowing how the major organs of the human body work.d. deciding which assumptions to make.Labor Hours Needed to Make 1 Pound of: Pounds produced in 20 hours:Meat Potatoes Meat PotatoesRancher 4 1 5 2029. Refer to the tables shown. The Rancher has an absolute advantage in __________ and the Farmer has a comparativeadvantage in __________.a. meat, potatoesb. meat, neither goodc. both goods, meat30. When demand is elastic in the current price range,a. a decrease in price would not affect the total revenue.b. an increase in price would decrease total revenue because the decrease in quantity demanded is greater than theincrease in price.c. a decrease in price would decrease total revenue because the increase in quantity demanded is smaller than thedecrease in price.d. an increase in price would increase total revenue because the decrease in quantity demanded is less than the increasein price.31. How does total revenue change as one moves down a linear demand curve?a. It first increases, then decreases.b. It is unaffected by a movement along the demand curve.c. It increases.d. It decreases.32. In a market economy,a. households decide which firms to work for and what to buy with their incomes.b. firms decide whom to hire and what to produce.c. profit and self-interest guide the decisions of firms and households.d. all of the above33. A competitive market isa. a market where suppliers are under no government restrictions.b. a market with many buyers but few sellers.c. a market in which there are many buyers and many sellers so that each has a negligible impact on price.d. a market where consumers cannot freely interact with sellers.Grundzüge der Volkswirtschaftslehre, Midterm 29.11.04VERSION 1 PAGE 1134. On a production possibilities frontier, production is efficient ifa. the production point is on or inside the frontier.b. the production point is on the frontier.c. the production point is inside the frontier.d. the production point is outside the frontier.35. You have spent $500 purchasing and repairing an old car which you expect to sell for $800 once the repairs are complete.You discover that you need an additional part, which will cost $400, including labor, in order to complete the repairs.You can sell the car as it is now for $300. What should you do?a. You should never sell something for less than it costs.b. It doesn't matter which action you take; the outcome is the same either way.c. You should complete the repairs and sell the car.d. You should cut your losses and take the $300.36. When the price of a good or service changes,a. demand shifts in the same direction.b. supply shifts in the opposite direction.c. there is a movement along a stable demand curve.d. demand shifts in the opposite direction.37. Suppose you like banana cream pie made with vanilla pudding. Assuming all other things are constant, you notice that theprice of bananas is higher. How would your demand for vanilla pudding be affected by this?a. It would be unaffected.b. There is insufficient information given to answer the question.c. It would decrease.d. It would increase.38. Economics is defined asa. the study of central planning.b. the study of government regulation.c. the study of business.d. the study of how society manages its scarce resources.Hours needed to make one unit of: Amount produced in 2400 hours:Cars Airplanes Cars AirplanesJapan 50 150 48 1639. Refer to the tables shown. If the U.S. and Japan trade based on the principle of comparative advantage, the U.S. willexport __________ and Japan will export __________.a. airplanes, airplanesb. airplanes, carsc. cars, airplanes40. Dakota is willing to pay $20 to see Independence Day for the fourth time. He finds a theater showing Independence Dayfor $5. Dakota's consumer surplus isa. $25.b. $15.c. $5.d. $20.。
清华大学管理学院培养方案
经济管理学院 本科培养方案
一、培养目标
清华经管学院遵循清华大学的基本方针，把人才培养作为学院的根本任务。经管学院本科生教育 的理念是：培养每一位学生成为有良好素养的现代文明人，同时创造一种环境使得杰出人才能够脱颖 而出。学院实现这一理念的途径是通识教育与个性发展相结合，并由此确定本科培养方案包括通识课 程、专业课程和任选课程三部分。
6 学期为限选，第 7-8 学期为任选。
(3) 中文 4学分
学生应在大一修下列两门中文课。
10510072 10510082
中文写作 中文沟通
2学分 2学分
(4) 大学英语 8学分 学校开设大学英语综合课程，必修 8 学分，安排在 1-2 年级，每学期必修 1 门，其中必修课组的
课程至少占 4 学分。学生入学进行英语分级考试，分 4 个级别，建议进入相应级别的“学术英语读写” 或“学术英语听说”课程学习，也可选修必修课组的其他课程或经管学院开设的以下两门英语课。
六、课程设置与学分分布
1. 通识教育课程 70学分
(1) 思想政治理论课 14学分
10610183
思想道德修养与法律基础
10610193
中国近现代史纲要
10610204
马克思主义基本原理
10610224
毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论
3学分 3学分 4学分 4学分
(2) 体育课 4学分 第 1-4 学期的体育(1)-(4)为必修，每学期 1 学分；第 5-8 学期的体育专项不设学分，其中第 5-
分的《文化素质教育讲座》课程。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
中国文明
10510123
中国文明
经济学原理II(12春季期中1)仅试题版
经济学原理II（2021 年春季学期）期中考试 1（B 卷）（2012/3/21）学术部温馨提示：此处为仅有题目版本，适合对照完全版中答案使用。
可以将此版本打印并配合答题纸模拟考试实况一、判断题（判断并简要说明理由，必要时可以用图形。
每题4分，共24分）1张三在下晚自习的路上突然感到饥饿，但他兜里没钱。
他最终决定向煎饼摊主赊账买了一个煎饼。
则张三的购买行为增加了支出法衡量的GDP，但没有增加收入法衡量的GDP。
2黑死病导致了劳动力供给大量减少。
但与此同时也减少了产品市场的需求，从而也减少了对劳动力的需求。
因此，黑死病是否使得劳动者受益是不确定的。
3一个国家向污染企业征税。
另一个国家任由污染企业排污。
其他条件不变。
后者的GDP 更高；但前者的福利水平更高。
4按照自由主义（罗尔斯）的政治哲学，一个相对收入更不平等（如用基尼系数衡量）的社会必定坏于一个相对收入更平等的社会，无论二者的平均收入是否存在差别。
5 A boyfriend can signal to a girlfriend that he loves her by saying “I love you”.6“炒股”的收入（即通过在股票市场上“低买高卖”获得的收入）属于收入法GDP。
二、选择题（每题3分，共36分。
每题只有一个正确答案。
）1.中国政府投资改善了农业基础设施（如道路、水利等），使得许多原来外出打工的农民重新回家务农。
一般说来，这一做法使得农业生产发生的变化是：A.劳动的边际产量下降，土地的边际产量上升，农业总产量上升B.劳动的边际产量下降，土地的边际产量下降，农业总产量下降C.劳动的边际产量下降，土地的边际产量上升，农业总产量可能上升或下降D.劳动的边际产量上升，土地的边际产量上升，农业总产量上升2.一项关于中国的教育研究发现，对于取得同样高考分数（即高等学校入学考试的分数）的人，如果他上的是更好的大学，则毕业以后工资更高。
这一研究更好地说明了关于教育的哪个理论？A.人力资本理论，即高的高考分数意味着更高的人力资本积累B.信号理论，即上好大学发出了高质量的信号C.人力资本理论，即好大学的人力资本积累更高D．信号理论，即高考分数高发出了高能力的信号3.一个在劳动力市场上处于买方垄断的企业，其雇佣劳动力的产量效应处于竞争性劳动市场上的企业，价格效应处于竞争性劳动市场上的企业，因而其雇佣的劳动力数量处于竞争性劳动市场上的企业。
清华大学经济学原理--第一学期期中考试
经济学原理I （20112年秋季学期）期中考试1（A 卷）（2012/10/31）注意：请将所有题目的答案写在答题册上，写在本试题纸上一律无效。
本试卷满分为50 分。
1.True or False? Explain your answers by using a graph. (4 points)If more Americans go on a low-carbon diet, the demand for bread will fall. The decrease in the demand for bread will cause the price of bread to fall. The lower price, however, will then increase the demand. In the new equilibrium, Americans might end up consuming more bread than they did initially.2.选择题。
选择正确的答案（无需说明理由）（6分，每问2分）。
教材中分析了当农业中引入新发明的高产品种，导致农业增产，但由于农产品缺乏需求弹性，农民收益却下降的情形。
用生产可能性边界来表示这一影响，正确的图形是： （ 1 ）（直接回答左图或右图）。
假定经济一开始处于A 点，则该事件导致经济最终移动到图形上的 （ 2 ） 点（直接写出点的字母代号）。
假定人们对农产品的需求是富于弹性的，你对于第（2）问的回答将变为 （ 3 ）。
其他产业3.高速公路通行费（15分）“十一”长假期间，政府实行高速公路免通行费政策，导致了大量的高速公路拥堵现象。
（1）假定在非长假期间，即使高速公路免通行费，也不会导致拥堵。
你认为此时如果任由市场自发调节，均衡价格有可能是（或接近于）零吗？当长假到来时，高速公路出现了拥堵现象，则任由市场自发调节的均衡价格还可能是零吗？画出相应的供求曲线图形，标出符合上述两种情况下各自的均衡点。
2024年春季自考专业课考试：经济学(二)历年真题精选含解析
2024年春季自考专业课考试：经济学(二)历年真题精选一、单项选择题1、在其他条件不变的情况下，下列哪一项会导致均衡GDP水平上升?______A．增加注入B．减少注入C．注入不变D．漏出不变2、一个经济活动都由政府来决策的经济，被称为______。
A．市场经济B．计划经济C．混合经济D．标准经济3、在一个均衡的国民经济流量循环中，已知储蓄S=200，税收T=60，进口M=60，政府购买G=60，投资1=210，那么出口X应该等于______。
A．50B．120C．260D．2704、下列哪种情况不可能引起玉米的需求曲线移动?______A．消费者收入增加B．玉米价格上升C．大豆供给量锐减D．大豆价格上升5、当实际GDP为1000亿元，GDP价格折算指数为100%时，名义国民收入为______。
A．1000亿元B．2000亿元C．500亿元D．1500亿元6、以下有关厂商生产行为的说法正确的是______。
A．可变生产要素和不可变生产要素的区别只相对于长期而言，短期中一切生产要素都是可变的B．生产函数表示一定时期内，在技术水平不变的情况下，生产中所使用的各种生产要素的数量与它们所能生产的最大产量之间的关系C．厂商的正常利润是总的销售收入或总收益与总的生产成本之间的差额D．边际收益递减规律反映了长期中生产要素之间的替代关系7、为了得到一种物品或者劳务，我们必须放弃的东西用成本表示为______。
A．实际成本B．机会成本C．潜在成本D．稀缺成本8、需求规律表明______。
A．随着汽油价格的提高，对小汽车的需求量将下降B．手机价格的下降会引起其需求量增加C．药品价格的上升将会使药品质量提高D．随着乒乓球价格下降，对球拍的需求量会增加9、在一个生产同质产品的寡头垄断行业中，行业获取更大利润的条件是______。
A．无论其成本高低，生产一样多的产品B．各自按照边际收益等于边际成本生产，独立行动C．按照不同水平的边际成本曲线规定不同的价格D．厂商之间实行串谋10、经济学中短期成本与长期成本的划分是取决于______。
2014年清华431(五道口和经管)金融真题(回忆版)
2014年清华431（五道口和经管）金融真题（回忆版）选择题30道，每题3分（记不全，顺序打乱了）1.商业银行的基本功能是A信用中介B支付中介C清算中心D忘记了2.银行应该让贷款和哪项的期限机构相适应AB不记得，大概是存款吧。
C存款和其它负债D.存款和信托（好像是）3.美国6个月利率是**，一年期利率是**，半年期远期利率是（总之是期限结构的一道题）4.下面哪项是期权和认证股权的区别A是否依附于债券B期权是不是公司发行的，认证股权是公司发行的CD期权可以转换为股票，认证股权不能5.哪项政策确定了央行处于核心地位的必要性A代理国库B最后贷款人C执行货币政策D垄断货币发行6.根据某某法律，中国货币政策的基本是A保持物价稳定B促进经济增长C充分就业D国际收支平衡7.目前美国对日元的汇率是106，一年过后是119，某公司有一笔应付账款7.5亿日元，一年以后付给东京银行，该公司也可以买期权，执行价格是0.0086美元/日元。
期权费是0.0012美分/日元（数据可能有出入），美国利率是**，日本利率是**，如果使用期权对冲，那么一年后美国应支付的美元价值为？8.你的爸妈每年初给你10000元，利率是6%，那么第三年末，你有多少钱？9.财务经理的职责是增加：D公司价值10.通货膨胀的直接原因是A消费品物价上涨B劳动品物价上涨CD货币供给增加11.组合风险溢价是**，标准差是**，无风险利率是**，那么风险回报是12.内部收益率8.5%，净现值是**(小于零），资本成本9.5%，净利润率98%，下面哪项说法正确A.根据内部收益率，应该（不知道题目写的是拒绝还是接受了）该项目B根据利润率，应该（同上）该项目C根据净现值，应该（同上）该项目D根据某某，应该（同上）该项目13.SML反映的是期望收益率与系统风险的关系14.哪个不是央行的常用货币政策A再贴现率B公开市场业务C法定准备金率D直接信用15.宽松的货币政策会导致利率和债券价格分别怎么变动（升高还是降低还是不变？）16.以后的股利支付率会提高，企业的现金流怎么变动A增加B不变C减少D无法预测17.哪项不属于我国M1？A居民现钞B企业现钞C居民存款D企业存款18.某人的期望效用函数是U=E-0.005A*标准差的平方，A=4。
经济学原理期中1答案
经济学原理(yuánlǐ)（Ⅰ）期中考试(qī zhōnɡ kǎo shì)一注意：请全部用中文回答（留学生可用英文）。
试卷的答案(dáàn)必须写在答题册上才有效，请记住在答题册上写下姓名和学号。
一、判断题（判断并必须(bìxū)说明理由，可以用文字或图形。
每题5分，共40分）1.某城市幼儿园的规定是每天下午4点钟家长必须将孩子(hái zi)接走，可是每周都有那么几个家长迟到（孩子在等待父母的过程中会较烦躁，幼儿园也不得不留下一个老师专门看护。
）。
因此，有人向校长建议对迟到的家长每次罚款10元。
如果校长采用该建议，那么迟到的家长数肯定减少。
错误。
在没有罚款之前，家长们迟到实际上是免费的，但是很多家长没有迟到，这说明迟到会引起一种心理成本（内疚感）。
一旦有了罚款，家长们迟到的成本变为10元钱，但是心理成本消失，其净效果很可能是激励更多的家长迟到。
2.众所周知，汽车超速对于公路安全带来危害，并且超速越严重危害越大。
某城市现行的法律是每超速10公里就增加罚款2千元。
有代表指出这种交通立法对于超速行为过于宽松，建议只要发现超速行为，不管超速多少即罚款1万元。
该代表的建议能够降低超速带来的危害性。
错误。
理性的人考虑边际量。
采用该建议后，驾驶者只要交足1万元就可以随意超速，即超速的边际成本等于0，面临这样的激励，超速的程度将很严重，危害也就越大。
3、出版社的张编辑是某著名经济学教科书的销售负责人，他认为，由于允许学生将旧的教科书再次出售，损害了出版社的利益。
某著名化学家对此建议，出版社可以使用一种他本人发明的印刷墨水，当教科书使用半年后，这种墨水自动褪色，使得书页变成空白。
如果张编辑接受这一建议，其结果是必然导致新书价格上升和出版社盈利增加。
错误。
这里的分析虽然看到了旧教科书和新教科书为替代品，随着旧教科书的供给下降（甚至消失），旧教科书价格上升，引起新教科书需求上升，需求曲线右移，价格上升，这可以增加出版社盈利。
经济学原理II(10春季期中2)
经济学原理 II（2021 年春季学期）期中考试 2（B 卷答案）注意：请将所有题目的答案写在答题册上，写在本试题纸上一律无效。
一、判断题（判断并简要说明理由，必要时可以用图形。
每题 4 分，共20 分）1.正确。
考虑生产函数Y=F(K)，Y 为产出，K 为资本，这里假定其他要素不变（人口单位化为1）。
容易推导得到增长率：⊗Y/Y=F’(K)⊗K/Y=F’(K)I/K=F’(K)*s，这里，I 为投资，s为储蓄率。
由于穷国K相对较小（因为Y相对较小），根据资本边际报酬递减，则穷国的F’(K)相对较大，导致其增长率更大。
2.The theory of efficiency wages suggests that a firm might increase its profits by raising itswages it pays.True. According to the theory of efficiency wages, There are four reasons that firms might find it profitable to pay higher wages: (1) to ensure that workers are in better health so they will be more productive; (2) to reduce worker turnover because it is costly to hire new workers; (3) to make workers eager to keep their jobs, thus discouraging them from shirking; and (4) to attract a better pool of workers.3.根据媒体报道，中国的就业人数每年都在增加。
由此推断，中国的失业人数和失业率肯定是逐年下降的。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
经济学原理II（2014年春季学期）期中考试1（A卷答案）（2014/4/2）注意：请将所有题目的答案写在答题册上，写在本试题纸上一律无效。
本试卷满分为50分。
I.选择一个正确的答案（每小题4分，共12分）I.1．Suppose more college students major in engineering and computer science. Consider its effect on the market for labor in the computer manufacturing industry. For any given quantity of employment, the marginal product of labor will ; in equilibrium the marginal product of labor will .A.not change; decreaseB.decrease; decreaseC.increase; increaseD.not change; increase or decrease (cannot decide)I.2．活力社区中的一半的居民在一年中的奇数月份挣到1.5万元，在偶数月份挣到0.5万元，另一半居民在奇数月份挣到0.5万元，在偶数月份挣到1.5万元。
安稳社区中的一半居民在一年的每个月中总是挣到1万，另一半居民每个月总是挣到0.5万。
从单独一个月来看，社区的收入差距更小。
从一整年的总收入来看，社区的收入差距更小。
总体上看社区更合意。
A.活力；活力；活力B.安稳；活力；活力C.安稳；安稳；安稳D.活力；安稳；活力I.3．Many years ago, Peggy paid $500 to put together a new record collection. Today, she sold her albums at a garage sale for $100. How do all her actions mentioned above affect current GDP? GDP many years ago?A.Her actions will increase GDP many year ago by $500 but not affect current GDP.B.Her actions will increase GDP many year ago by $500 and increase current GDP by $100.C.Her actions will affect neither current GDP nor GDP many years ago.D.Her actions will increase current GDP by $100 but not affect GDP many years ago.II.判断正误并说明理由（5分）。
收入法GDP（即从收入角度衡量的GDP）和支出法GDP（即从支出角度衡量的GDP）可以不相等。
因为家庭的支出可以大于或者小于收入。
错误。
单独从一个家庭来说，其支出可以大于或者小于收入。
但这里的支出法GDP包括了消费、投资、政府购买和净出口，不仅仅指家庭的消费。
这里的收入法GDP也可能不仅仅是家庭的收入，还包括企业未分配利润。
收入法GDP和支出法GDP必定相等，是因为：第一，支出法GDP必定等于产品法GDP，出于市场等价交换原则；第二；产品法GDP必定等于收入法GDP，出于企业获取的增加值必定分配完毕（包括留利在内）的核算原则。
最终收入法GDP和支出法GDP必定相等。
III. Labor Market and Goods Market (11 pts)Suppose a freeze destroys part of the Florida orange crop.a. Explain what happens to the price of oranges and the marginal product of orange pickers asthe result of the freeze. (2 pts)The price of oranges will (generally) go up, because in the orange market supply decreases. The marginal product of orange pickers will go down, because the other input (oranges on the trees) becomes scarier.b. Suppose the demand for oranges is perfectly elastic . What happens to the equilibrium wageand quantity of orange pickers? Use graphs for both orange market and orange picker market to explain you answers. (4 pts)See the graph below. Since the demand for oranges is perfectly elastic, the price of orange would not change. And since the MPL of orange pickers goes down, the VMPL of/demand for orange pickers will go down. As a result, the equilibrium wage and quantity of orange pickers will go down.c. Suppose the demand for oranges is perfectly inelastic . What happens to the equilibriumwage and quantity of orange pickers? Use graphs for both orange market and orange picker market to explain you answers. (4 pts)See the graph below. Since the demand for oranges is perfectly inelastic, the price of orange would go up but the equilibrium quantity of orange would not change. Since the MPL of orange pickers goes down, then in equilibrium the quantity of orange pickers must go up to keep the quantity of orange in equilibrium at the same level. This in turn requires that the demand for orange pickers will go up. Thus the equilibrium wage and quantity of orange pickers will go up. In other words, the price of oranges goes up so much that it dominates the effect of decreasing MPL and finally make the VMPL go up.d. In general, can you say the freeze is a good news or bad news for orange pickers? (1 pt) No. It can increase or decrease the demand for orange pickers, thus benefit or hurt them.PQ L Q1 Q2 P1=P2 w1w2L1 L2IV. 根据通货膨胀调整电影票价（11分）电影《飘》在1939年上映时的票房收入为2亿美元。
电影《阿凡达》在2009年上映时的票房收入为8亿美元。
1939年一张电影票的平均价格．．．．为0.25美元，2009年一张电影票的平均价格．．．．为8美元。
（1） 按照一种合理的计算方式，两部电影中哪一部的票房收入更高？计算回答。
（4分） 合理的计算方式需要考虑1939年和2009年的价格水平的变化。
根据题目给出的信息，这一价格变化可以通过平均一张电影票的价格变化来体现，即价格上升了8/0.25-1=31倍。
类似的，我们可以用当年的票房收入除以当年的电影票平均价格来计算不变价格的票房收入（也即以平均票价衡量的观影人数）。
则：《飘》的不变价格票房收入为：2/0.25=8（亿人次）《阿凡达》的不变价格票房收入为：8/8=1（亿人次）。
《飘》的不变价格票房收入更高。
《飘》的票价在当年是0.4美元，《阿凡达》的票价在当年是16美元。
（2） 以上信息会改变你在第（1）问的答案吗？如果会，如何改变？如果不会，请说明理由。
（2分）不会。
当我们计算票房收入时，考虑的应该是消除价格水平的影响。
这能通过电影票的平均价格而非单独一部电影的价格更好体现。
单独一部电影相对平均价格的价格，更多反映了消费者偏好或者制作成本的差异，与价格水平无关。
（3） 在一个合理的意义上，哪一部电影是票价更贵的电影？解释你的回答。
你觉得怎样的因素能解释为什么这部电影票价更贵？ （3分）《阿凡达》是更贵的电影，因为它相对于当时的平均票价更高，是平均票价的2倍，而《飘》的票价仅是平均票价的0.4/0.25=1.6倍。
（2分）《阿凡达》更贵可能是因为相对于当时的其他电影其制作成本更高，或者是因为观众相对于其他电影更喜欢它。
（1分）（4） 两部电影的实际观影人数各是多少？你认为哪些因素能够解释二者观影人数的差别？（2分）？《飘》的观影人数是：2/0.4=5亿人次。
《阿凡达》的观影人数是：8/16=0.5亿人次。
（1分）这个差别可以用供给和需求来解释。
从需求来看，1939年时人们对于电影的替代品较少，PQ L Q1=Q2w2 w1L2 L1需求较大。