英语国家社会与文化课程结课英文论文

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英语国家社会与文化入门期末论文

The comparison of political system between The United Kingdom and the United States摘要英国、美国都是典型的西方民主制国家，但两国政治制度中的政体设计却各有不同，分形成了议会制、总统制。

但他们都创制了两院制的立法机构，承担所有成文法律的制定与修改。

英国将议会分为上院与下院，美国将议会分为参议院和众议院。

关键字：政治制度、两院制、立法机构I IntroductionAs we all know,once the United kingdom was called the empire which sun never down.After it went through World War I and World War II,thus Britain was then in an apparently strong economic position,a position it clearly no longer occupies,which indicates some sort of decline.In the meantime,America rouse abruptly.In 1783,the treaty of Paris was sighed and Britain had to recognize the independence of the United States.A new American nation was thus born.At present,it becomes the superpower nation.Why do the two nation so develop so fast?I think one of the most important reason is their advanced and progressive political system.II the comparison of the political system betweenBy learning their political systems,it can deepen our understanding about political civilization and we can learn its advantageous part and improve our own political system.So,I will make a comparison of the two nations’ basic political system.I The Constitution’s comparisonBritish governance today is bases upon the terms and conditions of the constitution.But it has no written constitutions of the sort which most countries have.Instead of having one particular document which lists out the basic principles of how a country should be governed,the foundations of the British state are laid out instatue law,the common laws and conventions.So its constitutional system is so complicated.On the contrary,America has its own written constitutions which is formed the first in the whole world.The constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government.A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts,with some rights reserved to each.II Political parties’ comparisonThe political parties play an important role in the western political system and have ultimate connections among the election,parliament,cabinet and so on.Therefore,it is very important to clearly realize them.Today,The United States has two major political parties.One is the Democratic Party whose symbol is the donkey.The other is the Republic Party whose symbol is the elephant.When the constituency is elected as president.he will become the representative of that party.Then,the governing party has the executive power without legislative power.Because America carries out the separation of power.For the United Kingdom,there is the party in power and shadow party.The leader of the party in power has the executive power and legislative power and can organize the cabinet.And the shadow partymake enough comparison for the next election.III The legislation’s comparisonI n America,the legislative institute is Congress.Its members are made up of elected representatives from all of the states and this is the only legislation branch that can make federal laws,levy federal taxes,declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.It consists of a Congress that is divided into two house:the house of Representative and the Senate.The house of Representatives’ lawmakers can serve two-year terms.After 2 years,it is necessary to elect the lawmakers again. The Senate’s lawmakers can serve six-year terms.The term of the senators are staggered,so that only one -third of the Senate is elected every two years.Each house member represents a district in his or her home state.What is more,the status and right of the two houses is equal.Also,the legislative right is exerted by two houses.In Britain,Parliament can pass laws and is supreme because it alone has the power to change the terms of the constitution.It consists of two houses:House of Lords and House of Commons.Lords,who were summoned “by name”,are not elected and are not considered to represent anyone besides themselves.The House of Commons’ member of Parliament is elected by General Elections.It is held every five years.In the General Election,the party which gets the majority vote becomes the party in power.The leader of this party is appointed as the prime ministerby queen or king.To ensure good relations between Crown and Parliament,the king or queen met regularly with a group of important Parliamentarians,a group which became known as the Cabinet.IV the institute of government’s comparisonThe oldest institute of government is the Monarchy which is used in Britain.At the beginning,the power of the monarchy was largely derived from the ancient doctrine of the “divine right of kings”.So the king has the absolute and infinite rights.Through evolving many years later,the executive right has been transferred into the Cabinet’shands.Afterwards,the mutual relations among the parliament,cabinet and the king or queen finally arm confirmed.America is a federal country.It has the following features: First,the president governs the chief executive of the UnitedStates.Also,his power are formidable,but not withoutlimitations.Second,the executive branch and the legislative branch is separate and affect each other.This system works in many ways to keep serious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.To sum up,the two countries have their own national historical trace.There are some similarities.Both countries have multi-party system in the political parties.Everyone has the election right.Considering the two countries’ different conditions and history,there exists distinct difference in the political systems.参考文献。

英语国家社会与文化论文Howis...

英语国家社会与文化论文Howis...How the Power of the US President isChecked and BalancedThe separation of the executive, legislative and judicial powers is a democratic political system which is adopted by many democratic countries in the world. As we all know, the purpose of the separation of powers is to avoid the existence of dictators.Montesquieu’s theory of “separation of powers”was highly respected by American leaders, and its essence has been written into the U.S constitution. Thus the United States is the most typical country. Marx and Engels once called the USA “the most perfect example of the modern state”.According to the Federal Constitution in 1787, legislative power is controlled by the congress, executive power is exercised by the President of the United States, and judicial power belongs to the supreme and inferior courts. Under the trend of executive power constantly expanding in many modern countries, how to well control it becomes a key issue. Our topic will be focused on the checks and balances of the legislative and judicial powers on the executive power.1、The checks and balances of the legislative power on theexecutive powerIn the first place, the President can nominate officials. However, hecan’t appoint officials until the Congress agrees. For example, in 1987, Senate finally vetoed President Reagan’s nomination of Leo.Secondly, the President does have the right to make treatieswith foreign countries, but not until 2/3 of the members of the Senate agreed, will the treaties take effect. For instance, after the end of the First World War, in June 1919, the U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signed the “V ersailles Peace Treaty” on behalf the United States. The Senate voted twice, but still the treaty was not approved.What’s more, the President can veto the bill passed by Congress. Nevertheless, if 2/3 of the members of both houses of Congress again pass the bill, this bill can take effect without the sign of the President. According to the record, President Ford formally used the right of veto 44 times, and 12 of them were overturned by Congress at last.Besides, in accordance with the Constitution, the House of Representatives has the right to impeach the President, and the Senate can inquest the case. Though this right is seldom used, in 1998, President Clinton was impeached by Congress because of his sex scandal.Last but not least, the Congress has the power to determine whether the President has the normal ability to fulfill his mandate and to take the responsibilities.2、The checks and balances of the judicial power on the executivepowerHamilton and Montesquieu’s theory on the judicial power has greatly influenced the U.S. Constitution. Now, let’s have a close look at this aspect.The judges of the Federal Supreme Court are appointed by the President, but once appointed, unless they commit a crime, they will be on the position for the whole life. That is to say, the President does not have the right to remove the judges fromoffice. Consequently, without the control and threaten from the President, the judges can make judgments relatively fairly.In addition, the Supreme Court can declare that the executive order issued by the President is unconstitutional so that the order will not take effect. For instance, in May 1935, U.S. Supreme Court announced that the “National Industrial Recovery Act”signed by President Roosevelt was unconstitutional.What I’d like to point out is that the separation of the three powers in America is not divided by the characteristic or functioning field of power，and does not mean the division of powers among the administration，legislature and court．Under American system of the separation of three powers，the power of each part of the federal government does not maintain unchanged from the start to the end，butread just and change incessantly．In the real political life，the American system of the separation of powers bears both the harm of power partition an d power sharing．It tends to lead the political deadlock，and it also hampers the effective implementation of governmental function．As a matter of fact，such system is just a tool to protect the whole ruling interest of the bourgeois．。

英语国家社会与文化课程结课英文论文

英语国家社会与文化课程结课英文论文My feeling for this courseNever have I known so much about society and culture of English-speaking countries before I took up this course.Through the process,I got pleasure,companionship,experience and instruction.Actually I was so looking forward to having the lesson at the first time that I had got the syllabus.Now I know,it’s definitely worthwhile.Our teacher once told us,“Reading is the most effective way for one who could not go through the country but still eager to learn about their culture.”I can’t agree more with it.Maybe the past will step out from the stage of history,nevertheless,books have the ability to record the fact that exactly happened in the history.I proved it on my own experience,believe it or not.For example,Animal Farm is a political fable style novel.The story describes an "animal" revolution brewing,rising up and final transformation.Suffered enough oppression,the animals in the Manor Farm rebelled against humans under the guidance of pigs,drove the planter,Mr. Jones.The animals achieved their ambition of "self-determination" and changed its name to "Animal Farm",pursuing that "all animals are equal".But soon the leading pigs had contravention.Since then,it turned out that one pig,Napoleon had more and more power and special treatment,gradually moving away from other animals,and eventually became an exploiter exactly the same as a human being.Thus,the name,animal farm,was also abandoned.This book is analyzed by critics that it’s strikingly similar to the history of the Soviet union,even the international communist movement in the whole 20th century.We can see the similarshadow in many communist party ruling or did rule countries of animal farm.The author,George Orwell,his predication on the fate of the communist movement in the future by changes of the development of animal farm in the book,confirmed totally by history that the Soviet union took apart and the upheaval of eastern Europe in 1991 and afterwards incidents,which really took place at that time.But the meaning of Animal Farm is more than just the historical prophecy.This allegorical novel pointed out in literary language that owing to the fundamental interests of the leading group who possessed the division right was to hold their dominant position,regardless of the form having what kind of appeal,the ultimate result would be contrary to maintain the basic demands of social fairness.Professor Xia Zhiqing once said: "In western literature,since the Aesop's Fables, each dynasty has fables and fairy tales focusing on animals.However,for readers in the late 20th century,this kind of work is not a more accurate representation of the human condition today than" Animal Farm "."While t he novel Being There tells us a story about a man named Chance, a gardener. Chance once lived in the townhouse of an old, wealthy man in Washington, D.C.watching TV all day until the man was dead.Then he was forced to face the world.He met Benjamin Rand,a wealthy businessman.While being asked what his name was, instead of "Chance the Gardener" (which was what he said),was interpreted to be "Chauncey Gardiner."His simplistic, serious-sounding utterances,which mostly concern the garden,were interpreted as allegorical statements of deep wisdom and knowledge regarding business matters and the current state of the economy in America.After Rand was dead,Chauncey even voted as the replacement for the Presidentin the next term of office.Chance always told the truth.It was this very ingenuousness that caught others off-guard,especially in a society where certain falsehood(white lies,instances of tactfulness) are accepted,which is an obvious contrast between truth and falsehood.There are many contrasts like this in this novel,exposing the leak in the America media.Apart from those,Charles Dickens’novels also continue to strike a powerful chord for his wonderful way with language,his intense characterization and his ability to create the atmosphere.He wanted to hold a mirror up to the world to show people what it looked like.It is a testament to his talent and integrity that so many are still prepared to look into that mirror,despite what they see there.I have to say absolutely I have learned a lot from this curriculum.。

英美社会与文化课英语作文

英美社会与文化课英语作文The United States and the United Kingdom, two of the most influential countries in the world, have long been known for their rich cultural heritage and diverse societies. As neighboring nations with a shared history and language, the two countries have developed distinct social and cultural identities that have significantly impacted the global landscape. In this essay, we will explore the intricacies of English and American society and culture, examining the similarities and differences that make these nations unique.One of the most striking aspects of both English and American society is the emphasis placed on individualism and personal freedom. In both countries, the notion of the individual as the fundamental unit of society is deeply ingrained, with a strong emphasis on personal rights, self-expression, and the pursuit of personal goals. This individualistic ethos has shaped the social and political landscapes of both nations, leading to the development of robust democratic institutions and a vibrant civil society.However, the expression of this individualism can take differentforms in the two countries. In the United Kingdom, the concept of the "stiff upper lip" and a more reserved, formal approach to social interactions are often seen as hallmarks of English culture. Britons are often perceived as more polite, reserved, and deferential to authority, with a strong sense of tradition and social hierarchy. In contrast, American society is often characterized by a more casual, outgoing, and egalitarian approach to social interactions, with a greater emphasis on informality and self-expression.These cultural differences are reflected in the educational systems of the two countries as well. The English education system is often seen as more rigorous and academically focused, with a strong emphasis on traditional academic subjects and a more structured, hierarchical approach to learning. In contrast, the American education system is often more diverse and flexible, with a greater emphasis on practical, hands-on learning and a more individualized approach to student development.Another key aspect of both English and American society is the role of religion and spirituality. In the United Kingdom, the Church of England, the official state church, has played a significant role in shaping the country's cultural and social landscape. While religious observance has declined in recent decades, the influence of the Anglican church can still be felt in many aspects of English life, from the architecture of historic cathedrals to the observance of religiousholidays.In the United States, the religious landscape is much more diverse, with a wide range of Christian denominations, as well as significant populations of adherents to other faiths, such as Judaism, Islam, and Hinduism. The separation of church and state enshrined in the US Constitution has led to a more pluralistic religious environment, where individuals are free to practice their faith without state interference.Despite these differences, both England and the United States share a deep appreciation for the arts and cultural expression. From the literary masterpieces of Shakespeare and Hemingway to the iconic works of art in the National Gallery and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the two countries have made invaluable contributions to the global cultural landscape.In the realm of popular culture, the influence of both nations is equally profound. The music, film, and television industries of the UK and the US have captivated audiences around the world, with iconic artists, actors, and directors shaping the cultural zeitgeist. From the Beatles to the Marvel Cinematic Universe, the cultural exchange between the two countries has been a two-way street, with each nation's creative output influencing and inspiring the other.Despite these shared cultural ties, there are also significant differences between English and American society that are worth exploring. One of the most notable is the role of government and the relationship between the individual and the state. In the United Kingdom, the monarchical system and the tradition of parliamentary democracy have led to a more centralized and hierarchical approach to governance, with a stronger emphasis on social welfare and collective responsibility.In contrast, the United States has a more decentralized, federalist system of government, with a stronger emphasis on individual rights and a more limited role for the federal government. This difference in political philosophy has shaped the social and economic landscapes of the two countries, leading to divergent approaches to issues such as healthcare, education, and social welfare.Another key difference between English and American society is the role of class and social stratification. In the UK, the legacy of the aristocratic system and the enduring influence of the upper classes have led to a more rigid social hierarchy, with a stronger emphasis on tradition, privilege, and social status. In the US, the notion of a classless society and the "American Dream" of social mobility have led to a more fluid and dynamic social structure, with a greater emphasis on individual achievement and entrepreneurship.Despite these differences, however, both England and the United States share a deep commitment to democratic values and a belief in the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual. From the Magna Carta to the US Constitution, the two countries have played a pivotal role in shaping the global discourse on human rights, civil liberties, and the rule of law.In conclusion, the societies and cultures of England and the United States are complex and multifaceted, shaped by a rich history, diverse populations, and a shared commitment to democratic ideals. While the two nations may differ in their specific cultural expressions and social structures, they are united by a common language, a deep appreciation for the arts and creativity, and a shared belief in the power of the individual to shape the world around them. As the world continues to evolve and change, the enduring influence of English and American society and culture will undoubtedly continue to shape the global landscape for generations to come.。

文化和社会英语作文

文化和社会英语作文Culture and Society。

Culture and society are two closely related concepts that are vital to understanding the world we live in. Culture refers to the beliefs, customs, and traditions of a particular group of people, while society refers to the organized community of people living together and sharing a common culture. In this essay, we will explore the relationship between culture and society, and how they influence each other.Firstly, culture and society are intertwined and constantly influence each other. Culture is the foundation of society, and it shapes the way people think, behave, and interact with each other. For example, in some cultures, it is customary to greet others with a handshake, while in others, a bow or a kiss on the cheek is more appropriate. These cultural norms are then reflected in the way society functions, such as in business interactions or socialgatherings.Furthermore, society also plays a role in shaping culture. The values and norms of a society can influence the beliefs and behaviors of its members. For instance, in a society that values individualism and personal achievement, the culture may emphasize competition andself-reliance. On the other hand, in a society that values collectivism and community harmony, the culture may emphasize cooperation and mutual support.Moreover, culture and society are also influenced by external factors such as globalization and technology. As the world becomes more interconnected, cultures are exposed to new ideas and influences from other societies. This can lead to the adaptation and evolution of cultural practices, as well as the emergence of new cultural trends. Similarly, advancements in technology have changed the way people communicate, consume media, and participate in cultural activities, which in turn impacts the fabric of society.In addition, culture and society also play a crucialrole in shaping individual identity. People often derive a sense of belonging and identity from their cultural heritage and the society they belong to. For example, a person's cultural background may influence their language, food preferences, and religious beliefs, while their society may shape their political views, social behaviors, and career aspirations.In conclusion, culture and society are intricately connected and constantly influence each other. They shape the way people think, behave, and interact with each other, as well as play a crucial role in shaping individual identity. Understanding the relationship between culture and society is essential for building a more inclusive and harmonious world. As the world continues to evolve, it is important to recognize and celebrate the diversity of cultures and societies, while also finding common ground to foster mutual understanding and cooperation.。

英语国家社会文化之加拿大-文化课后论文

The Society and Culture of Major English Speaking CountriesBook Report题目： A Brand New Canada to Me --Multiculturalism学生姓名：学号：专业：英语班级： 10英语（1）班所在学院：外国语学院2012 年12月8日A Brand New Canada to Me--MulticulturalismLast week, when we had our listening class, we came into a word--Ottawa, and many of my classmates didn’t know that it is the capital of Canada. Here is the truth that although Canada has the second largest territory in the world with quite abundant natural resources, most people do not pay enough attention to Canada when they’re referring to North America due to its strong neighbor, America.However, having enjoying many Canadian literatures and movies, I become more and curious of this romantic country, which is known for the romantic snow, beautiful maple leave and delicious maple sugar. And it is a brand new country to me, especially its characteristic social culture.Canada is a country made up of largely immigrants, amounting to 99% of the population there. And it results in a multicultural society in Canada. People speak both English and French there and they are both the official languages in the country. But you will hear French most of the time and all street signs are in French. In fact, Montreal is the third largest French speaking city in the world.Navigator Jacques Cartier took the possession of the territory for the king of France in 1534. After that, slowly, people started to go and live in New France.As Britian took charge of some colonies which were used to belong to French till 1981, there is still tons of British influence in Canadian life and Canada still maintains an important connection to the UK. Canada is a member of British Commonwealth of Nations, and people there even still sing “God Save the Queen”. Many Canadian still follow what happens with the royal family, watch the BBC for world news and they feel closer to the Queen than they do to the US president.Canada is a young country as Canada first became a political entity in 1867, and didn’t assume its present shape until 1949. (Zhu, 2011:286) As a result, Canada doesn’t have the huge and unique civilization, culture, and the history behind it, but in fact, patchwork quilt of different nationalities and communities is central to what Canada is, and great efforts weremade to protect and promote and celebrate the ways of the different of people who live there. Thus Canada, it is felt, resembles a mosaic of different cultures which overlap but do not overwhelm each other. (Zhu, 2011:313)In Canada, you can find almost any major ethnic groups in the world. Unlike Americans, who were absorbed into one American identity in the so called “melting pot”, which conveys the idea that immigrants coming to the country and throwing off their old customes, languages and traditions in favour of becoming “Americans”, “Canada government encourages each of its ethnic groups to maintain its cultures and traditions and share them with other groups and it is known as the Canadian Mosaic.” (Lan, 2008:67)Sharing the longest undefended national border in the world and the free trade agreement NAEATA, Canada and the United States seem to have a good relationship with each other. While it’s the fact that many Americans regard the Canada as a state of the United States and many think that their neighbor has taken too much from their country. However, the Canadians think that they have suffered from a lot from its powerful neighbour as Canada economy is too dependent on the United States, and they think the United States has over-intervented their country. Resentments and contradictions do exist between the two countries.Canada's anti-American emotion is the sinigificant component of their nationalism, and it begins to rise to the level of national policy to fight against the United States culture erosion and to ensure that the independence of Canada. Consequently, Canada has taken a “Third Option”, geared to developing stronger trading relations with Japan and Europe rather than over-reliant on the United States. (Zhu, 2011:327) Recent years, Canada has made great progress in its cultural development and 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver showed the world this multicultural country and shocked the world by its gorgeous image.Canada grows under the influence of Britian, France and America, and now the young country trys to show the world a much more characteristic self-image.As Canada has become a more multicultural, bilingual country, the British influence lessens. For an instance, Canadian English has changed a lot since British brought English into this land. Its spelling is the mixture of American and British English, while its pronunciation is very close to American pronunciation, with some remnants of British pronunciation in certain region.References[1] 蓝仁哲，加拿大文化论，重庆：重庆出版社，2008.[2] （英国）J.K.Rowling,哈利波特，马爱新，北京：人民文学出版社，2009.[3] 訾缨，英语国家概论，北京：北京大学出版社，2010.[4] 徐火辉，与剑桥哈佛学子同窗，南京：中国金融出版社，2007.[5] 朱永涛、王立礼，英语国家社会与文化文化，北京：高等教育出版社，2011.。

英美国家社会与文化论文

The British Educational SystemAs far as we know, there are pre-primary schools, primary schools, secondary schools and university or college. Pre-school education is available (often on a fee-paying basis) for children aged 2 to 4/5 through playgroups and nursery schools. And many of them are private. The emphasis of pre-primary schools is on group work, creative activity and guided play.Two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain: 1. State Schools: 11-year Compulsory Education (5-16), we can know that there is comprehensive school (84%), grammar school (3%) or secondary modern school (7%) from the state primary school. 2. Public schools/Independent schools: there is an only 7% public (independent) school from prep school.What are the main differences between the two? We can find four points. 1. School Funding. In state schools, state funding from central government; supplemented by local finance. And in public schools, funding from tuition fees; endowments or donations from society (esp. alumni to their ammeters). 2. Attendance. There are 93% in state schools, only 7% in the public schools. 3. Teaching Staff and Facilities. Public schools have better teaching staff & facilities. 4. Graduates. Students from the public schools are more promising, e.g. Eton College has educated 20 Prime Ministers, 6 Chancellors of Exchequers, etc.Compulsory education begins at 5 in England, Wales and Scotland and 4 in Northern Ireland. Pupils mainly attend state sector primary schools (co-educational or mixed schools). Infants schools have equal to the first schools (for 2 years from 5). Junior schools (for 4 years to 11). There’s little or no specialist subject teaching and great emphasis is on literacy and numeracy in early years.Compulsory education ends at age 16. At 16, students in England and Wales take GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) examinations involving a final exam, an assessment of work done during the two-year course, or both of these things. Then they can leave school and find a job. Other pupils who decide not to go to university may choose to take vocational training and get the GNVQ (GeneralNational V ocational Qualification).In my opinion, about the entrance procedures, in the third term of Year 12, students prepare their applications to university. Applications are then made in the first term of the Year 13 through one centralized organization known as UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admissions Service). Students can apply to a maximum of 6 universities/institutions. Admission-selection on basis of A level results & an interview.In teaching methods, we can see, the UK educational system encourages self-study, discussions and practical work. The students may have time-tabled classes or might be encouraged to do more of independent work for a substantial amount of time depending on the course.Most of the courses would include the following teaching methods: lectures, seminars, tutorials, independent workand coursework.There are two famous universities in Britain. They are the Cambridge and Oxford. Cambridge University was founded in 1209 by students fleeing from Oxford after one of the many episodes of violence between the university and the town of Oxford. Cambridge is one of the world’s great universities, and has the ability to transform lives. If you study here, you will experience that quality at first hand. Day to day, you will work with academic staff who are leaders in their fields, and who are also committed to see you succeed, and to help you develop your ideas, knowledge and understanding.Legend has it that Oxford University was founded by King Alfred in 872 to encourage education and establish schools throughout his territory. Like a grammar school, it was just a place for teaching Latin grammar at that time. The University actually began in the 12th century as gatherings of students around popular masters. The university consisted of people, not buildings. The buildings came later as a recognition of something that already existed. In a way, Oxford was never founded; it grew.Oxford is one of the greatest universities in the world. It has played a distinguished part in the history of our country and our continent, and has much to contribute to our success and our well-being as a civilized community in the future.The Boat Race between Oxford & Cambridge started June 10, 1829.The event is now a British national institution, and is televised live each year. The race has beenwon by Cambridge 79 times and Oxford 73 so far. The race is currently run over a four mile and 374 yard (6.8 km) stretch of the River Thames between Putney and Mortlake in London.Oxford wear dark blue and Cambridge light blue.In Chinese higher education, we can find five dilemmas. There is enrollment expansion, elite education vs mass education, intense competition in the job market, resources are straining and education quality is suffering.There are five defects of Chinese higher education. Defect 1: Blind Enrollment Expansion. Universities seem to have enrolled more than they can accommodate! Limited facilities & space, insufficient resources, shabby dorms (slum)…Expansion means a lot more! Fierce competition in the job market. Defect 2: Awkward Teaching Method. Teachers tend to spoon-feed their students who are in turn spoon-fed and force-fed!More trust, freedom, interactions and responsibilities for the students! Teachers should serve as advisors & assistants!Defect 3: Prescribed / Designated Textbooks. A lack of flexibility (few alternative choices), Outdated contents (keep pace with), The prescribed textbooks can be replaced by …Defect 4: Unreasonable Curriculum. Many outdated courses should be abolished! More utilitarian courses are welcome! (Computer Science, Business, Finance, Accounting and Law)One shouldn’t be confined to one’s specific field.Moral education is in urgent demand! (campus violence, suicide, theft, murder) Defect 5:Unfair Assessment System. Exam-oriented style! (Scores talk!)Students: exams of lottery(memory test / work overtime shortly before the test)How can we improve it? I will show my answer. It’s a time-consuming & systematic project.Never wait for the improvement! Get a move now! You and me are part of Chinese higher education! Try to make the best and most of the current situation! Stop complaining and try to make a difference from now on.。

美国社会与文化论文英文

After the study of American society and culture, I have a deeper and better understanding of the traditional values of traditional values of the United States. In general, the United States traditional values ,includes six aspects, namely: individual freedom, equality of opportunity, material wealth and self-reliance, competition, hard work. Among them, the first three aspects concentrated represent the people from all over the world to . immigration reasons, that we often speak of "American dream" contains the main content; Then three aspects is to achieve these dreams should pay a price. For the United States people, individual freedom and self-reliance, equality of opportunity and competition, material wealth and hard work is the one-to-one. Before you want to realize a dream, it must pay back the c o s t. Individual freedom , It originated in the tradition of the liberty of individuality ancestors of the us pursuing religious freedom. Including independent motivation, independent choices, self-reliance, and respect for others, the liberty of individuality, respect the privacy and other aspects. America's idea of "not only refers to exempt from the physical constraints, and refers to the individual has the right to sign a contract; has the right to engage in any kind of common career; has the right to make a living to obtain useful knowledge, has the right to get married, a family and raising children and by your conscience, and a general dominate worshipgod always considered the right to liberty and equality to the pursuit of happiness of those essential privilegeSelf-reliance. every life down there is free, but to really enjoy free will have to rely on yourself. This kind of idea embodied in the language is in the United States and talk to people, they rarely by showing off their family or social relationship to drive up; If you want to do so can only let others feel that you are a child, not his life forever can is a child. The equality of opportunity. Americans always willing to listen to the opinions of others, give other people opportunities; A person on the one hand made a mistake, and does not take away his good rights in other ways. Americans believe that before in nature, and everyone has the right to live, so long as has the strength, the ability, who can get natural, who can make a fortune when millionaire; In politics, they contend that everyone is equal before the ballot box, that is, everyone has the right to vote; In education by, bourgeois progressive thinker advocate everyone has the opportunity to by education, public schools every person can go to school; The playground, Americans have their standards, so long as has the sports ability and technology can attend competition; In a social situation, the American people like equal to them, also like to be others treat one another as equals, put on AIRS, superior performance for people do not take; In the officers and soldiers on the relationship between the United States people think, between officers and men should be equal, not a qualificationto the soldiers commander, cannot treat authority when treasure staff use; In religion, Americans believe that everyone has the right to religious freedom, as long as it is protestants, don't the clergy any for intermediaries, can be interlinked with god.Competition. consciousness competition is eternal, is also a person to prove his position in society the means, but at the same time he may want to colleagues and cooperation. But please note, the American people understand "competition" and not the victory "self-centered", but by others understand and recognition; In addition, Americans in order to clear understanding of the victory can only show the past, tomorrow there will be a more challenges, to be optimistic face challenges, to participate in the competition.Material wealth. American ancestors come from mostly in the poor, the pursuit of wealth and improve the quality of life for the vast majority of immigrant dream. Today Americans now for wealth far beyond the understanding of their ancestors, time, health, and the power, and the information, etc, are beyond the value of paper money, money become a representative symbol. In short, in the American people, a person should have the pursue, this is your personal motivation.Hard work. Most Americans would "work, progressive" as yourself for wealth and keep wealth. In the big us store, a "DIY" goods the most popular. Many people in the United States has to work, as a kind of the pleasure of life.Before in the competition, and only professional and keep making progress, to maintain our unbeaten in the competition.Here are some subclasses can help group we understand I mentioned the United States in front of traditional values.1, American business emphasizes the "free market", this and the United States has been since the beginning of the liberal values are closely linked.American value system is and economic reform related. Precisely, and "free market" produce relates in together, the free market in American life is the root of all kinds of basic contradiction: economic efficiency for service, political equality for services, cultural for self realization of the three standards service form the American society of three kinds of the most important restrict each other values. A century and a half since, these three different value orientation always happens between tension and conflict.2, the American public education in order to realize the equality of opportunity, the social mobility of social and economic justice aspects of equality as a goal.American education, self-reliance and responsibility spirit, is the starting point of the education for their children. Let the child learn to independenceThe moral education that the President of the United States in theestablishment of a democratic country will up quite important role. Development education to help my fellow citizens aware of their moral responsibility, this no matter to guarantee the safety of their fellow citizens, or to establish a state of the normal order, is very necessary. Religion, morality and knowledge to the government are needed, they can human welfare services, and schools and legislative institution is should rely on the support of the country.3. The United States and the separation of isn't unique, because all European countries for religious freedom of the constitution provides a guarantee. The mainstream American religious really is unique because of the existence of free church. The world's religious freedom will soon from the belief systems, to fully liberalism, and in the United States, free the secularization of sectarian very slowly, of which a large degree is the liberalization of religion and a series of the compulsory religious worship combine together.4. The Americans to a person in the family background, parents position have little interest in this kind of thing, because a man can succeed in life, parents' name is not much help, and no one bought this bill. The son of a President can still to wipe the car, could come out on top in the individual's struggle to get. For example in the school, the students to get scholarships or other encouragement, premise condition is to strive to academic performance than the other students. University teacherspromotion, pay conditions, except I writings, but must see the students to his teaching job evaluation. At the end of each learn, all the students have to fill out an to teacher teaching evaluation table, and the content includes: the teachers teach how ability; After school counseling if adequate; This professional knowledge is proficient in and so on. The result of the comparison to the school. Therefore, one who promotion salary isn't at school who long depends on the length of the time, but look at the above conditions. In this kind of environment, teachers' performance means and colleague's compare, also is a kind of competition. The small company staff, even if is a typing or filing documents of, also want to try to do better than colleagues well, you have hope a promotion or a raise.These reflect the United States six big traditional values, and the influence of American life.The last time we saw a movie called cold mountain, from the movie, inside tell him about the American civil war, black for their rights, fight for individual liberty. After the war the political position of blacks have improved, participating in the number increases ceaselessly.The black economy may be improving. The life of the Negro than ever with improved, in law won and white equal rights, but as it is just a little bit a little bit better than before the war. Inman fled from the war on the way home, I met many difficulties, hunger, the temptation to pursue the defector the army, but he was overcome these difficulties return tothe home, it is also a kind of self-reliance. But in the film's most major or speak to individual freedom, one of the traditional values. Personal freedom is always Americans have been constantly seeking to realize the rights.Americans have been in constant innovation, but in the United States in the development of the traditional values plays a big part, the conventional stuff also is not necessarily bad, as long as reasonable use, not only will it not hinder it will promote development. American society and culture this course let I to the United States had a deeper understanding, although English level is not much, but something to me very pretty good.。

国家文化和社会发展的英语作文

国家文化和社会发展的英语作文There are two Japanese and an American in our class. We get along well. It's interesting to study with people from different cultural backgrounds.This is a college student's description of his class. Recently, with the rapid economic development, China is accepting more foreign students eager to learn Chinese and understand Chinese culture. In my opinion, in terms of the interests of Chinese and foreign students, the mixed class ratio is higher It's better to have an extra shift.I have reason to support my view. Foreign students may find that in the mixed class, if they have enough Chinese ability to listen to the class, their language skills will be further improved. The mixed class provides them with a great opportunity to improve their Chinese level and understand the Chinese people.Only in this way can they have closer contact with Chinese people from afar They are not willing to be separated and treated as foreigners. Only in this way can we benefit them. We should not set up barriers.Only by communicating with Chinese students can they have a better understanding of Chinese culture. Considering these factors, we can draw the conclusion that it is beneficial to adopt the mixed class approach, because it is a seemingly insignificant event, which can play a profound role in the students' personal life and cross-cultural communication.中国文化的英文作文Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. This is true even as popular culture that has traditionally been considered Western begins to spread throughout China. Kung Fu, especially, has had a great impact on the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may come to China and learn about other aspects of this culture, such as traditional operas like the Beijing and Sichuan ones. Asian nations have long known about the greatness of ancient Chinese culture.Their own cultures are a mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted ideas such as Confucianism is something that continues today even as it is challenged by Pop Culture. This strength comes from the ideas given in the Four Books of Confucianism (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, and The Book of Mencius). These books built upon the ideas of an even more ancient period codified in the Five Classics. From them, the West learns such things as Fengshui and other concepts that are uniquely Chinese. China has taken steps to further this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.The passage mainly tells us the importance of protecting traditional Chinese culture, which ischallenged or facing extinction because of the developing society and changing lifestyle. Besides, China is nationwide sparing no efforts to do it.The protection of national and folk culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity and also to the harmonious development between local economic and social development. It is reported that the Guangdong government pays special attention to protecting Chaoju(潮剧)，a local drama born in Chaozhou in the eastern Guangdong province.In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively. To start with, we should make a law to regulate the society’s performance. Besides, we should draw more people’s attention to it, for the more they know about the importance of culture protection, the stronger the support we can get from the public.In a word, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture.。

英语国家社会与文化(英文)

The British society and cultureThe UK is a rich and colorful, with international and multicultural country .Its full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, hereinafter referred to as the United Kingdom or Britain, known as the UK, is on the island of Great Britain by England, Scotland and wales, and Northern Ireland northeast the island of Ireland, and a series of islands of a small island.In Chinese the word "Britain", that is, by "England", the international code for the GB.Britain is located in the northwest of the continent of the British Isles, is the north sea, the English channel, Celtic sea, Irish sea and surrounded by the Atlantic ocean.In addition to Britain, including fourteen overseas territories .Established the "glorious revolution" in 1688 the British constitutional monarchy, Britain was the first to complete the industrial revolution, the national strength growing rapidly.In the 18th century to early 20th century, the rule of the British empire territories across the globe.As the most powerful country.Both after the outbreak of world war ii victory, but seriously damaged national strength, to the disintegration of the British empire in the second half of the 20th century, Britain has lost onceleadership in international affairs.Superpower status be replaced by the United States and the Soviet union.However, the UK is still a worldwide has a strong influence, important economic, cultural, military, science and technology of the world's great powers.About the British people's life custom, British people now pay more attention to the quality of life, the pursuit of spirit to enjoy.Important occasion wear very formal, usually the pursuit of simple, comfortable clothing.Diet style is simple, pay attention to nutrition.The climate is mild and humid, the British people love the sun.Like I'm doing housework at ordinary times, have a passion for sport, like to travel on holiday.In addition the British very hobby cultural activities, such as reading books, writing articles, to the concert, the theatre, etc, also like pets.。

英语社会文化类作文模板

英语社会文化类作文模板Title: The Impact of Social and Cultural Factors on English Society。

Introduction。

Social and cultural factors play a significant role in shaping the English society. These factors encompass a wide range of aspects such as traditions, customs, beliefs, values, and norms. They influence the way people interact, communicate, and behave in the society. In this essay, we will explore the impact of social and cultural factors on English society.Social Class。

One of the most prominent social factors in English society is social class. The English society has long been stratified into different social classes, including the upper class, middle class, and working class. Each class has its own distinct cultural practices, values, and lifestyle. The upper class is often associated with wealth, privilege, and high social status. They tend to uphold traditional customs and maintain a certain level of formality in their interactions. The middle class, on the other hand, is characterized by a strong work ethic, education, and aspirations for social mobility. They value education, career success, and financial stability. The working class, often associated with manual labor and lower income, has its own cultural practices and values, including a strong sense of community and solidarity. Social class influences various aspects of English society, including education, employment, housing, and social mobility.Religion。

英语社会与文化小作文初一

英语社会与文化小作文初一Title: Exploring English Society and Culture。

English society and culture are rich and diverse, offering a fascinating tapestry of traditions, customs, and values. In this essay, we will delve into various aspects of English society and culture, exploring its history, language, literature, customs, and more.Firstly, let's consider the historical roots of English society. England has a long and complex history, shaped by various influences including Celtic, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Norman invasions. These historical layers have contributed to the unique blend of traditions and institutions that characterize modern English society. From the establishment of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms to the Norman Conquest in 1066, England's history is marked bysignificant events that have shaped its cultural landscape.One of the most prominent aspects of English culture isits language. English is a West Germanic language that has evolved over centuries, absorbing vocabulary and linguistic elements from various sources. Today, it is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, serving as a global lingua franca in fields such as business, science, and diplomacy. The richness and flexibility of the English language have contributed to its enduring popularity and influence.Literature is another cornerstone of English culture, with a rich tradition spanning centuries. From the epic poems of Beowulf and the Arthurian legends to the works of Shakespeare, Dickens, Austen, and beyond, Englishliterature reflects the complexities of human experience and the evolution of society. The literary canon encompasses a diverse range of genres, styles, and voices, offering insights into different periods and perspectives.Customs and traditions play a significant role in shaping English society, fostering a sense of community and continuity. From the ritual of afternoon tea to the celebration of Bonfire Night, England is home to a myriadof customs that reflect its cultural heritage. These traditions serve as a link to the past, connecting individuals across generations and reinforcing a sense of identity and belonging.Religion has also played a vital role in shaping English society, with Christianity exerting a significant influence throughout history. From the establishment of the Church of England during the Reformation to the rise of nonconformist movements, religion has shaped moral values, social norms, and political institutions in England. While the country has become increasingly secular in recent decades, religious traditions continue to inform cultural practices and attitudes.In addition to its rich cultural heritage, English society is characterized by its diverse population and multiculturalism. Immigration has played a key role in shaping modern England, bringing a wealth of cultural influences from around the world. From Indian curry houses to Caribbean carnivals, multiculturalism has enriched the fabric of English society, contributing to its vibrancy anddynamism.In conclusion, English society and culture are multifaceted and dynamic, shaped by a rich tapestry of history, language, literature, customs, and traditions. From its historical roots to its multicultural present, England continues to evolve while retaining a deep sense of tradition and identity. By exploring the various facets of English society and culture, we gain a deeper understanding of its complexities and significance on the global stage.。

《英美社会与文化》课程论文

中南大学《英美社会与文化》课程论文题目：Views on the American Dream院（系）专业学生姓名成绩任课教师任秀2016年6月10日Views on the American Dream【Abstract】American dream is a common belief among many Americans. "All men are created equally, given to them by their creator some an inalienable rights, among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness ",more than two hundred years,It attracted more and more young people from all over the world, came to the United States to achieve their dreams and their own value,and a lot of stories seem to indicate that, as long as there iswisdom, there can be a success in American. At the beginning ,the American Dream just serve as pursuit of freedom, but when the time goes by, it followed the footsteps of times, enricheditselfconnotation.【Key Words】American Dream ; The pursuit of freedom; happiness; new;By looking at baidubakie,we can kown,there are broad sense and narrow sense about American Dream. The broad sense refers to the equality, freedom, democracy ,while the narrow sense is a kind of believe that as long as the American people work hard ,they will get a better life."Life is like a box of chocolate, you don't know which one will be selected." The person who watched Forrest Gump would be impressive about this sentence. This moive is a perfect interpretation of the American dream, Protagonist Agam is a men whose IQ is not high, but he insisted on running, joined the Vietnam War, witnessed the ping-pong diplomacy of China and the United States. Eventually, he became the embodiment of the American spirit,.There is no doubt that the film tell us a truth: if you work hard, you will succeed. When you watch American movies or American TV shows, this kind of thinking is always there.Nowadays, many people will say, American Dream has already become the chrysanthemums after the Double Ninth Festival. Many people dream of getting rich. and they abandoned their homeland or immigrant or study or illegal immigrants, after arduous, came to this piece of land and no such as they expected, that gold is everywhere. In fact, from the beginning, we have a misunderstanding of the American dream, America is not heaven.the American Dream isn’t the pursuit of material.President Obama gives the American dream a new meaning , on November 7, 2012 ,in his Victory Speech, he said:” But despite all our differences, most of us share certain hopes for America's future.We want our kids to grow up in a country where they have access to the best schools and the best teachers —a country that lives up to its legacy as the global leader in technology and discovery and innovation —with all of the good jobs and new businesses that follow……America, I believe we can build on the progress we've made and continue to fight for new jobs and new opportunities and new security for the middle class. I believe we can keep the promise of our founding, the idea that if you're willing to work hard, it doesn't matter who you are or where you come from or what you look like or where you love . It doesn't matter whether you're black or white or Hispanic or Asian or Native American or young or old or rich or poor, abled, disabled, gay or straight. You can make it here in America if you're willing to try.”Equality of results and equality of opportunity is different , equality of opportunity is the core of American dream.References：[1].刘植荣，解读美国梦[2].鲍玲玲, Interpretation of the American dream[3].深圳商报2008年6月12日奥巴马诠释“美国梦”[4].中国新闻网“美国梦”真的破碎了吗？[5].The President Obama’s victory speech: to the American dream forever[6]Time: the rise and fall of the "American dream"学期感想本学期的课就这样结束了，不说英语水平有没有提高？提高的多与少？上课的愉快氛围我还是很喜欢的，上课的方式也是很新颖的，同学们轮流上去授课，可以增加同学们的参与感，也能提升同学们的综合能力。

英语国家社会与文化论文

Society and Culture of the English - speaking countriesWith the help of teacher,I learned the society and culture of English-speaking country. And I benefit a lot from it.Mostly,we learned about The United Kingdom of Great Britain and The Northern Ireland . Britain is located in the west part Europe. It consists of England, Scotlaand, Wales and Northern Ireland. London is the capital of Britain.And the population of UK is 60,441,457. English, welsh and Gaelic is UK’s offical language.Britain is the first country to undergoing the industrial revolution.Now,Britain is a country has a big impat such as world powers in political, economic, military, scientific, technological and cultural areas.Britain is one of the country which is richest and most econnmically advanced.The courage and courtesy, as " gentleman Road " form the core and essence of the spirit of Britain. White and red flag of England is Cross on behalf of England's patron saint St George's, White Cross of the cross on behalf of the patron saint ST Andrew of Scotland, the Red Cross guard the Holy Cross, the representative of Ireland, Patrick British flag, commonly known as " M - word flags ", officially called " the Union Flag ", and are often called " the Union Jack ".Jack is a naval term, refers to the flag flying in the bow. Union Flag is for " Union Flag ". The United Kingdom on behalf of England's patron saint St George's cross on theflag guard the sacred, the patron saint Andrew ofScotland, and Ireland, PatrickDesign of a nuclear arms, the UK nationalemblem Centre, on the surface of the upper - leftcorner and lower - right corner of the shield is redon the ground three Golden Lion, symbol of England ; the upper - right corner for gold half red lion standing on the ground, a symbol of Scotland ; the lower - left corner of the blue golden harp on the ground, a symbol of Northern Ireland.Arms, each represented by a head wearing a crown, Lion of England and one on behalf of the Scottish Unicorn holding. Around the arms, with a motto written in French, meaning " evil with evil " ; bottom of hanging Jared Medals, ribbons, it says " Oh my God there's a god, I have the right ".Arms, the top for a jeweled Gold Silver helmet, the imperial crown and the lion wearing a crown.The National Anthem of Britain is named God savethe Queen.As the reign of a male monarch, change thenational anthem " God save the King ". The God Savethe Queen is the national anthem of the Commonwealthcountries and the royal family carols.Their currency is the pound.And the national flower of Britain is rose.Its national bird is Red Beasted Pigeon.The main religion in the UK is Christian.And the main church is England church and Scotland church.Britain started in the industrial revolution.So The Britain has a unique status in the industry. What’s more ,Britain has strong cultural heritage.It is known to all that there are many famous colleges in Britain. For example,University of Oxford and University of Cambridge.The students graduted from these colleges are pretty excellent.And they are different from Chinese university graduate.In the UK, it’s always everywhere can feel the British cultural scene filled with rich atmosphere of Shakespeare, Shakespeare has been like nutrients into the blood of the British, has become not only the pride of Britain, has also become a symbol of British culture. Britain's respected also in actively explore Shakespeare, protection and construction of Shakespeare - related artifacts and buildings. A representative of the building is one of Shakespeare's Globe theatre.The first show of the creation of Shakespeare's plays are mostly held in the globe.There are many famous and historic architecture.For example,Sallo Paulo cathedral,British Museum,Buckingham Palace,Capitol and Big Ben,Tower of London bridge and Agile temple of west.Don’t forget a modern architecture,its name is London Bowl.They all reprensent the culture of the United Kingdom.Britain has a rich food culture.The British tend to enjoy cuisine : Stewed, grilled, fried and fried. Cooking of meat, seafood, and game are a special way.They also have a special preference for beef, such as roast beef. When eating not only with seasonal vegetables, baked potato, but also in steak with lots of mustard ; in seasoning, use the preferences cream and alcohol ; in spices are like fresh meat Cole, cinnamon spice. Scotch Whisky or gin these well-known wine come from the United Kingdom. In the UK local, there are many people who like to drink,mainly because the United Kingdom is also a wine - producing country.The British spent on alcohol spending more than any other.As far as I know,Bar culture, is absolutely essential part of British social life. Earlier we talked about gentleman culture.A gentleman is the essence of British culture, value orientation and direction are British. Among the cultural influence of English, such as in life, work, work both as a standard.Gentleman culture is a temperament and style. It allows image of the English gentleman is deeply engraved in people's minds.By watching the short films.I find that the British Life is a little fast.But they also have time to enjoy the sun.It seems that they have a leisurely life.Their life is filled with passion and energy.And They are enthusiastic to others every day.Their life is very significant I think.By learning Society and Culture of the English - speaking countries, I know many knowledge about English-speaking country.It makes me know that there are many differences between Western country and Eastern country.For Western countries, I am full of curiosity .If there is a chance,I am bound to go around the English-speaking countries.。

英语作文社会与文化

英语作文社会与文化English: Culture and society are deeply intertwined and have a significant influence on each other. Culture shapes the values, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals within a society, while society provides the context in which culture is expressed and transmitted. Social norms, traditions, and customs all play a role in shaping a culture, while cultural practices and beliefs influence the structure and dynamics of a society. For example, the concept of family in Chinese culture emphasizes filial piety and the importance of honoring one's ancestors, which in turn impacts social roles and expectations within the family unit. Similarly, societal structures such as government, education, and economic systems reflect the cultural values and priorities of a society. Overall, culture and society are inextricably linked, with each influencing and reflecting the other in a complex and dynamic relationship.中文翻译: 文化和社会深度交织在一起，并且彼此之间有着重要的影响。

英语国家社会与文化Morals and Ethics

The fact that God would go this far in making these
special 10 commandments on a real live tablet of stone tells us that these commandments should never be taken lightly or for granted. Most Christians have heard about these ten commandments while going through grade school and high school. Many Christians take these special ten commandments for granted and really do not realize the power and authority that these special commandments have.
There can be no order or justice in a society
without morality — some standard of right and wrong. Without a moral code a society falls into tyranny (abuse by the strong/ powerful against the weak).
Discuss that question – and your thoughts about the incident in Guangdong – with a partner.
The Guangdong tragedy brought China’s morality

英语作文社会与文化

英语作文社会与文化Title: The Intersection of Society and CultureIn the intricate tapestry of human existence, society and culture stand as two intertwined threads, shaping our worldviews and influencing our behaviors. Society, a collection of individuals bound by shared institutions, norms, and values, provides the framework for our interactions and relationships. Culture, on the other hand, encompasses the beliefs, customs, arts, and traditions that define a group of people and pass from generation to generation.The relationship between society and culture is dynamic and reciprocal. Society shapes culture by enforcing norms and values that become embedded in our way of life. In turn, culture influences society by informing our perspectives, shaping our identities, and guiding our actions. This interaction creates a feedback loop where society and culture constantly evolve and adapt to each other.One prominent example of this interaction is the role of technology in contemporary society. The rapid development of digital technology has transformed our way of life, altering our social structures and cultural practices. Social media, for instance, has revolutionized communication, allowing individuals to connect and share ideas across vast distances. This technological advancement has in turn influenced our cultural norms, creating a culture of instant gratification and constant connectivity.However, the intersection of society and culture is not always harmonious. Conflicts and tensions can arise when different cultural groups with varying values and beliefs come into contact. These conflicts often reflect deeper societal issues such as inequality, discrimination, and power struggles. It is crucial that we recognize and address these issues to foster a more inclusive and just society.In conclusion, society and culture are interconnected forces that shape our world. Understanding their intricate relationship is essential for promoting social progress and cultural diversity. As we navigate the complexities of the modern world, it is imperative that we approach these two concepts with an open mind and a commitment to mutual understanding and respect.。

美国社会与文化课终论文

众所周知（saying as is known to every one）,美国是当今世界上最大的移民国家（the united states is the world’s largest immigration country）。

从历史上来看（historically），美国一直被全球各地的人们视为一片“充满了机会的大陆”（the united states has been all over the world’s people as a “full of opportunity road”）。

在各个时期（in each time），这个世界每个角落的人们都满怀着憧憬和梦想（people all over the world is full of hopes and dreams），源源不断地来到这方神奇而又充满了希望的沃土（continue to come to this magical and full of hope of fertile land）。

这些他们所坚信的能够在美国找到的机遇（these challenges which they do believed），再加上来到美国大陆后自己的切身经历（plus their own life experiences after they come to the united states），就构成了美国社会传统价值观的主要来源（make up the major source of the traditional American values）。

一般而言（generally speaking），美国的传统价值观共包括六个方面（the traditional American values include six aspects），即：individual freedom, equality of opportunity, material wealth 和(and) self-reliance, competition, hard work.其中（in the traditional American values），前三个方面集中代表了世界各地的人们移民到美国的原因（in the first three aspects represent the reason people in all over the world to immigrated to the united states），亦即我们通常所讲的“美国之梦”所包含的主要内容（that is we often speak of “American dream” included）；而后三个方面则是为了实现这些梦想所应付出的代价（and the last three aspects are the costs of realize these dreams should pay）。

美国社会与文化课程论文

American welfare systemI have seen the movie -The Pursuit of Happiness two years ago. To be honest, this move was really a big shock to me, and the strong power in Chris has been influencing me all the time. I believe that most of us who have seen the movie should remember the plot that the government took $600 from Chris Gardner´account and he only had $21.33 left, and he was broke again . During that time, he and his son spent a night in the WC, and lived in the church hospice for many days. The church hospice in the movie is a part of American welfare system .And in this essay I will talk something about the system.In the American vocabulary, "welfare" has often had a limited meaning, most commonly associated in public discourse with public assistance to mothers with dependent children. Y et government welfare can also be given a broader definition, as a general social safety net designed to support citizens in need. Under this definition, "welfare" refers to government protections for workers' incomes, which are often threatened by structural economic change under the free market system .In an economy in which workers rely on wages to support themselves.In the United States, then, government welfare has been a collection of different programs that includes unemployment insurance, health insurance, old age pensions, accident insurance, and support for families with dependent children.The American present welfare measures for import from 1935 of Social Security Act and its later improvement. And the American present social system includes: the federal social insurance, unemployment subsidy, public aid, pregnant women and children´s welfare and Social security tax.Federal social insurance is established for the inaugural personage, on-the-job or once worked for oneself and family members can attend. It mainly includes retirement, consolation, disable gold and medical benefits, etc. As to the unemployment subsidy, as long as one is unemployed, regardless of the savings they can apply for subsidy until they find another job.The public aid is designed for low or no income blind person, old people, disabled and no income family. According to their own living conditions, the state decide whether the applicants have qualifications to apply for .Pregnant women and children's welfare is to protect and promote the health of women and children, but it has not assigned cash, but provides health services. What is more, it also provides orphans education fees and cost of living.Therefore, US´s welfare systems are quite perfect. It contained generally the life aspects. It plays an important part in people’s lives. But such perfect welfare system also has the shortcoming, is only the money subsidies, for one person who has the house to live or not, is always regardless of. There is no doubt that such system has its institutional shortcomings. Such as aggravating financial burden, weakening people to alter their fate´s morale , improper using lots of money and fair questions.From my point of view, welfare institution´s purpose is to give people a better life. From American´s institution we can learn a lot which can apply to our country. And I hope people all over the world will live a better life with the improvement of the system of social welfare.。