全球兽用抗菌药物使用情况

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Abstract:In recent years,bacterial resistance has attracted a lot of global concern. Here,the Annual Report on the Use of Antimicrobial Agents in Animals written by OIE was analyzed,the use situation of antimicrobials in some countries were sorted out,such as America and England. Among the 168 countries which had provided related information,86 countries prohibited the use of antimicrobial agents as growth promoters while 37 countries allowed, and 23 countries had no relevant requirement. During livestock and poultry production,tetracycline(45.2%)was the most commonly used agent,followed by Penicillins(13.9%). The quantities of antimicrobial agents used in live animals in Asia and the Pacific area,Americas,Europe and Africa were 257.85,160.69,89.78 and 70.04 mg/kg, respectively,and the quantities used in Asia and the Pacific area was almost three times as much as that in Europe. In America,the important antimicrobial agents used in food-producing animals accounted for 60% of the total amount of antimicrobials,and unimportant antimicrobials accounted for 40%. The dosage of antimicrobial agents in foodproducing animals in England reduced from 62 mg/kg in 2014 to 45 mg/kg in 2016,and the total quantities reduced from 445 tons to 337 tons. The above data suggested that greater efforts should be paid in cautious use of antimicrobial agents and in research and development of new antimicrobial agents in the region of Asia and the America. Key words:antibacterial agent;biomass;medically important antimicrobials;growth promoters
抗菌药物在拯救生命、提高人们生活质量和 保障食品安全的同时,也因超量和滥用等,出现了 日益严重的细菌耐药性问题,多重耐药和泛耐药菌 株现象也逐年增多,给传染病防控工作带来严峻挑
基金项目 :国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1200500) 通信作者 :黄保续
战,也给动物健康和福利造成严重影响。大量证据 表明,抗菌药物使用是导致耐药菌传播流行的重要 因素,因此畜禽养殖环节抗菌药物的使用对人类健 康至关重要。对此,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)提 出建立全球兽用抗菌药物使用数据库,确保合理获 得和使用抗菌药物,以有效减少耐药性的影响。为
Global Usage of Veterinary Antimicrobial Agents
Wang Yuanyuan,Sun Shufang,Pang Sufen,Song Jiande,Jiang Wen,Wei Rong,Huang Baoxu (China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China)
全球兽用抗菌药物使用情况
王媛媛,孙淑芳,庞素芬,宋建德,姜 雯,魏 荣,黄保续பைடு நூலகம்(中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛 266032)
摘 要:细菌耐药性问题是全球关注的重要问题。本文梳理了世界动物卫生组织(OIE)《兽用抗菌药物使用 情况年报》,以及英国、美国等国家的抗菌药物使用情况。在 146 个提供信息的国家和地区中,86 个禁止将抗 菌药物用作促生长剂,37 个允许作促生长用,23 个国家未作相关要求;养殖中最常用抗菌药是四环素类(45.2%), 其次是青霉素类(13.9%);亚太地区、美洲、欧洲和非洲活畜禽抗菌药物用量分别为 257.85、160.69、89.78 和 70.04 mg/kg,亚太地区用药量几乎为欧洲的 3 倍;美国食品动物使用的重要抗菌药物占抗菌药物使用总量的 60%,非重要抗菌药物占 40%;英国食品动物抗菌药物用量从 2014 年的 62 mg/kg 降至 2016 年的 45 mg/kg,总 量从 445 吨降到 337 吨。上述数据提示亚洲和美洲地区在慎用抗菌药物及研制新型抗菌药物等方面应作出更大 努力。 关键词:抗菌药物;生物量;重要抗菌药物;促生长剂 中图分类号:S852.61 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1005-944X(2018)04-0062-04 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-944X.2018.04.017
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