医务人员针刺伤现况调查分析_江丽萍

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doi:10.11816/cn.ni.2015-

140158·论 著·

医务人员针刺伤现况调查分析

江丽萍1,干铁儿2,朱越献2,朱倪琴1,吴建浓2

(1.浙江省中医院十八病区护理部2.医院感染管理科,浙江杭州3

10006)摘要:目的 分析目前掌握的针刺伤发生特点,寻找医护人员发生针刺伤的根本原因并制定整改措施,以减少针刺伤的发生,保护医护人员的职业安全。方法 收集某医院2011-2012年发生针刺伤医务人员及相应患者的资料,分析针刺伤发生特点,采用根本原因分析法寻找针刺伤的直接原因和根本原因。结果 2011-2012年共发生针刺伤58人,其中护理人员39人占67.2%,实习生22人占37.9%;针刺伤发生频率为2.4人/月,每年的8月份发生频率最高,为16人占27.6%,81.0%的锐器暴露过患者的体液;发生针刺伤的根本原因是静脉输液多、工作量大、人员配备不齐;缺乏预防针刺伤的标准操作流程,职业防护教育宣传不到位。结论 针刺伤的危害不容忽视,依据针刺伤的根本原因,制定相应的整改措施,以减少类似不良事件发生。关键词:针刺伤;现况调查;原因分析

中图分类号:R181.3+

2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-4529(2015)06-1415-

03Investigation and analy

sis of prevalence of needlestickinjuries among 

health care workersJIANG Li-ping,GAN Tie-er,ZHU Yue-xian,ZHU Ni-qin,WU Jian-nong

(Zhejiang Province Chinese Medical Hospital,Hangzhou,Zhejiang3

10006,China)Abstract:OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristics of the needlestick injuries among the health care workers,find out the fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries,and put forward the rectification measures so as to re-duce the incidence of the needlestick injuries and ensure the occupational safety of the health care workers.METHODS The data were collected from the health care workers who were exposed to the needlestick injuries andcorresponding patients from 2011to 2012,then the characteristics of the needlestick injuries were analyzed,andthe direct causes and fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries were searched by means of root cause analysismethod.RESULTS The needlestick injuries occurred in 58health care workers from 2011through 2012,including39(67.2%)nursing staff and 22(37.9%)interns.The frequency of needlestick injuries was 2.4persons permonth and was the highest in August(16health care workers,27.6%).81.0%of the sharp instruments havebeen exposed to the patients'body fluids.The fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries included the frequentvenous injections,heavy work load,incomplete staffing,lack of standard procedures for prevention of needlestickinjuries,and poor propaganda and education of occupational protection.CONCLUSION The hazards due to theneedlestick injuries can not be ignored,and it is necessary to formulate the corresponding rectification measures ai-ming 

at the fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries so as to reduce the incidence of such adverse events.Key 

words:Needlestick injury;Prevalence survey;Cause analysis收稿日期:2014-11-15; 修回日期:2014-12-

27基金项目:浙江省教育厅科研基金资助项目(Y201327786)通信作者:朱越献,E-mial:sz87071732@163.com

针刺伤及其他锐器伤是一种皮肤深部的足以使

受害者出血的意外伤害。国内外学者对此展开了较多的研究,这些研究不但证实了污染的针刺伤及其他锐器伤是导致医务人员发生血源性传播疾病的最主要的职业因素,而且对医务工作者的心理带来很

大的影响。因此,对于针刺伤的现状、危害性、影响因素及预防对策的研究就显得尤为重要。本研究回顾性调查了某医院2011年-2012年间发生针刺伤的特点,深入分析针刺伤根本原因并为制定有效的预防措施提供依据。1 对象与方法

1.1 资料收集 收集2011-2012年某医院所有针刺伤事件的资料,资料来源包括医务人员锐器伤登

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41·中华医院感染学杂志2015年第25卷第6期 Chin J Nosocomiol Vol.25No.6 2015

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