名词的数和所有格

一、名词的数1．单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：规则变化：（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。

（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。

（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。

但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boy→boys,day→days。

（5）以o结尾的词多数都加-es。

例如:hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes （6）以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves,half→halves。

不规则变化：例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。

2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法a cup of tea → two cups of teaa piece of paper → four pieces of papera bottle of milk → five bottles of milk随堂练习一．写出下列单词的复数形式boy______ peach________ knife_________ child____________ woman________ tooth________ bus___________ baby_____________fox__________ dish_________ tomato________ hero_____________ 二．用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Give me two_________(glass) of milk, please.2.How many ___________(people)are there in your family.3.How many ____________(watch) are there in your shop.4.Where are the ____________(mouse) ?5.Those_____________(pair) of shoes for your mother.二、名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，表示所属关系。

1. 不以s结尾的名词的所有格直接加's，例如：a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量等名词，以s结尾的所有格要用'例如：a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight,3. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. “of + 名词所有格”称为双重所有格例如：a friend of my father's【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms （约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。

两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。

【实例解析】1.（中考试题）These _________ have saved many children’s lives.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor2. (中考试题)This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anne and JaneB. Anne’s and Jane’sC. Anne’s and JaneD. Anne and Jane’s3. (中考试题)---Are there any ________ on the farm?---Yes, there are some.A. horseB. duckC. chickenD. sheep4. (中考试题)---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange?---Orange, please.A. hamburgerB. fishC. tea【中考演练】一. 单项填空1．--- Where have you been, Tim?--- I’ve been to ______.A. the Henry houseB. the Henry familyC. The Henry’s homeD. Henry’s2．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?--- Certainly.A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of waters3．Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.A. toothB. feetC. handD. ear4．The______ has two _______ .A. boys; watchesB. boy; watchC. boy; watchesD. boys; watch5．The little baby has two _______ already.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths6．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and children7．Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ?A. Children’s DayB. Childrens’s DayC. Childrens DayD. Children Day8．Where are the students? Are they in _______ ?A. the Room 406B. Room 406C. the 406 RoomD. 406 Room二. 根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。

1. Autumn is my favourite (季节)2. ---How many _______(小刀) do you have?---Three.3. Mary, would you please tell me your new ________(地址) so that I can write to you.4. ---Does this piece of ______(音乐) sound nice?---Yes. It’s wonderful!5. May 12th is the International _______(护士) Day. Let’s say “ Thanks” t o them for their work.三. 根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。

1. “What’s your n_______?”“Li Lei.”2. How many d_______ does your uncle have?3. Please close the w______. It’s cold outs4. Zhang Hui is very excited. He will go to Japan with his p_______ during the Spring Festival.5. At the a______ of seven, the lonely girl had to work to make living.6. Be careful! It’s d__________ to run across the street now.。