医学专业英语翻译二单元2
学术英语-医学-Unit-2
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Unit 2
Resurgent and Text A
Emergent Diseases
Critical reading andFra bibliotekthinking
Knowledge of the subject matter
• a change in virulence, reflecting mutation in the exterior of the bacterium
• multi-drug-resistant strain of TB
• TB also hitched a ride on the HIV wagon by attacking the immunocompromised—an emerging disease thus helping reignite an old one.
Lead-in
• Issues to be covered • Task
Unit 2
Resurgent and Lead-in
Emergent Diseases
Issues to be covered
• Reasons for emerging and re-emerging diseases • Updated information about some most common
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Unit 2 Resurgent and Emergent Diseases
Text A
Critical reading and thinking Knowledge of the subject matter
• drug resistance
– incomplete courses of antibiotic therapy >>>>>> the hardiest >>>>>>>>> new, more powerful lineages
02医学英语课后翻译(完整)
目录1 Unit1 (2)1.1 中翻英 (2)1.2 英翻中 (2)2 Unit2 (2)2.1 中翻英 (2)2.2 英翻中 (3)3 Unit3 (3)3.1 中翻英 (3)3.2 英翻中 (3)4 Unit4 (4)4.1 中翻英 (4)4.2 中翻英 (4)5 Unit5 (4)5.1 中翻英 (4)5.2 英翻中 (5)6 Unit6 (5)6.1 中翻英 (5)6.2 英翻中 (5)7 Unit7 (5)7.1 中翻英 (5)7.2 英翻中 (6)8 Unit8 (6)8.1 中翻英 (6)8.2 英翻中 (6)9 Unit9 (7)9.1 中翻英 (7)9.2 英翻中 (7)10 Unit10 (7)10.1 中翻英 (7)10.2 英翻中 (8)11 Unit11 (8)11.1 中翻英 (8)11.2 英翻中 (9)12 Unit12 (9)12.1 中翻英 (9)12.2 英翻中 (9)13 Unit13 (10)13.1 中翻英 (10)13.2 英翻中 (10)14 Unit14 (10)14.1 中翻英 (10)14.2 英翻中 (11)1Unit11.1中翻英1.干预intervention2.预测因素predictions3.极度疲惫burnout4.队列cohort5.主要结果评估指标main outcome measures6.线性回归linear regression7.随访follow-up8.基线base line9.代表性样本representative sample10.工作时间的减少the reduce of work time1.2英翻中1. in dimensions of 在某方面2. Maslach burnout inventory Maslach疲惫量表3. emotional exhaustion 情绪性疲惫4. linear regression 线性回归5. be independently associated with 和。
UNIT2临床医学英语
Use simple language to explain procedures, risks, and treatment options to patients. Avoid medical jargon that may confuse or intimidate them.
Make connections with other healthcare professionals to exchange ideas, collaborate on projects, and expand your professional development opportunities.
Unit2 Clinical Medical English
目录 Contents
• Clinical Medical English Vocabulary • Clinical Medical English Sentence
Patterns • Clinical Medical English Literature
Share knowledge
Contribute to discussions by sharing your expertise and experiences, and seek opportunities to learn from others.
Build professional network
01
02
03
给出一般性建议
建议您保持充足的休息， 避免过度劳累。
给出具体建议
建议您按时服药，并定期 回诊复查。
给出注意事项
请注意观察病情变化，如 有任何不适，请及时就医。
医用英语2翻译
医用英语2翻译UNIT1-B发炎炎的定义和性质1当活组织受伤，一系列的变化，这可能会持续几个小时，几天或几周，发生在和周围的损伤面积。
这种损伤的反应称为炎症，一词源于拉丁文，意思是烧inflammare。
2伤是不正常的，但身体的反应，炎症，是一种正常的，复杂的生理反应，只有一个可能，尤其是受伤的情况下。
由约翰·亨特（1794），谁，他的战争创伤的研究后，得出结论：“炎症本身是不被考虑作为一种疾病，但这种炎症反应性被首次发现，作为一个有益的操作，一些暴力或一些随之而来的病“。
许多不同类型的损伤可能会引起炎症。
他们可分为如下：1）物理因素，如过度加热或冷却，紫外线或电离辐射或机械损伤。
2）化学物质，包括各种细菌的毒素。
3）过敏反应。
可能与细菌或其他抗原抗体或致敏淋巴细胞的反应，过敏释放物质引起的炎症反应机制。
4）微生物感染的炎症很重要的原因。
在一些微生物可能伤害组织方式由外或内毒素的释放，过敏机制或看到许多病毒感染的细胞死亡的细胞增殖。
5）从几乎任何原因引起的组织坏死，导致在邻近的活组织诱导炎症的物质释放。
4，在受伤后的头几个小时的反应伤害的原因是定型，并广泛应用于不同的各种类似的初步反应，急性炎症反应。
通常表示后缀炎的炎症病灶性质。
因此，阑尾发炎是阑尾炎，肝炎等。
偶尔有历史的例外。
肺部发炎是传统的肺炎，肺炎，胸膜胸膜炎胸膜炎。
急性和慢性长期指的响应时间。
急性炎症持续数天或数周;慢性炎症持续几个星期，几个月，甚至几年。
5炎症反应通常是有益的，的确是在打击大多数感染和限制许多有毒物质的有害影响的关键。
然而，它并不总是利益。
有许多情况下，当组织或其他不良影响的破坏是由于不损伤剂，但一个或其他方面的身体受伤的反应。
例如在喉部的急性炎症有可能是足够的炎性肿胀，阻碍呼吸道和窒息导致死亡。
同时在奥胡斯的反应和某些蜱叮咬，组织坏死，局部反应是由物质积聚在损伤部位的炎症反应的一部分，多形核白细胞中解放出来：如坏死引起的，不会发生在剥夺动物骨髓的毒药，如氮芥治疗前血白细胞。
医学学术英语U2课文翻译《重新出现的疾病今天走了,明天在这里》
重新出现的疾病：今天去了，明天在这里？我们有两种选择。
请选择1，并在10年的头条新闻可能会报告在美国国会最新的自相残杀的争吵，或者运动员签订了多少百万。
选择2，在另一方面，可能会导致头条新闻，如“新流感病毒价差：死亡人数达一百五十万”1969年，卫生局局长威廉·斯图尔特，美国国会作证时说，我们可以“传染病合上这本书。
”抗生素和疫苗都留下了印象深刻的胜利一串医学界平齐，从青霉素到小儿麻痹症。
这场战争，他们认为，即将结束。
如今，面对的是已成为被称为新出现和重新出现的疾病，我们知道更好。
“'崛起'，其实是回归，回归到标准在上个世纪盛行普遍，”1诺贝尔奖得主，哥伦比亚大学生物学家约书亚莱德伯格写在美国医学协会杂志的特殊传染病的问题。
在同一期杂志的一份报告量化了日益严重的威胁：在美国1980年和1992年之间，死亡率因感染性疾病增加了58％。
2艾滋病的占了一半以上的跳略多，但其他条件，尤其是呼吸道感染也显著贡献。
由于胜利宣言的激动人心的日子里，新的疾病，如艾滋病和埃博拉突然出现了，老痛苦，以为征服了，已经爆发了。
白喉是使前苏联卷土重来。
结核病- 它从来没有真正离开，但高档的歌剧爱好者可能会认为这是仅限于“波希米亚人”的生产- 再一次在城市中心，包括纽约市的威胁。
甲类链球菌情况有上升的趋势，这意味着猩红热可能再次成为熟悉。
每个人都在传染病领域的担心有一天感冒了强大的新菌株席卷全球。
“战争已经赢了，”一位科学家最近打趣说。
“到了另一边。
”保持我们的眼睛对运动目标事实上，这种情绪可以反映尽可能多的夸张的前卫生的。
也许目前的情况有更清楚快照是战斗已经加入。
世界卫生组织和美国疾病控制和预防已加速运转了他们的努力，检查传染病，包括复出的。
1995年10月，世卫组织建立了一个新的部门致力于在全球范围内监视和新出现的疾病的控制。
疾病预防控制中心提出了1994年预防策略虽然美国国会在1995年，不到达斯汀·霍夫曼的工资主演如“爆发”的感染战斗机资助的疾病预防控制中心的努力，只有$ 670万调- 他们都提出了数字至$ 26日万元用于感染性疾病1997年公众意识，或许是部分原因是由于这样的电影，可能影响国会的前景。
医药英语教程第二单元课文翻译
Cardiac surgery:a brief history心脏外科简史Possibly some of the greatest achievements in medical science have been those made in cardiac surgery.The first successful example was carried out in 1896 by Dr Ludwig Rehn(Germany),who repaired a stab wound to the right ventricle,Open-heart surgery itself dates form the 1950s,while bypass operations began in the mid-60s. By the 1980s,two-thirds of those receiving heart transplants survived five years or more.Today,heart surgery is robotized:incisions to the heart have been reduced to a minimum and patient recovery time is down from six months to a few weeks.也许医学上最伟大的成就是在心脏外科。
第一个成功的例子是Ludwig Rehn博士（德国）在1896年修补了右心室的刀伤，心脏手术本身始于上世纪50年代，而旁路手术开始于60年代中期。
上个世纪80年代，那些接受心脏移植的人三分之二存活五年以上。
今天，心脏手术已经机械化：切口心脏被减少到最低限度，病人恢复时间从六个月减少到几周。
One of the first pioneers in the field of cardiac surgery was Dr Dwight Harken,a US army medic serving during World WAR 2.Initially,he operated on animals to improve his skills,moving on to soldiers arriving from the European front with bullets lodged in their hearts.Dislodging them almost always proved fatal,but Harken developed a technique that enable him to cut into the wall of a still beating heart and successfully remove it.With time,more and more of his patients began to survive,proving it was indeed possible to operate on the human heart.其中一个在心脏外科领域的鼻祖是Dwight Harken博士，在2次世界大战期间的一个美国陆军军医。
学术英语(医学)教师版Unit2课文翻译
Unit 2 Text A再现疾病：今天遁形无踪，明日卷土重来？桑塔亚纳有句格言：“不能铭记过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙”，这句话用在生物学上就有这样一个推论：人们相信我们已经征服了古老的微生物这个敌人，这种信念让我们惊人地脆弱，很易受他们的攻击。
“宿敌不死。
”我们有两个选择。
按照第一种选择去做，10 年之后头条新闻要么报道国会里你死我活的争吵，要么报道哪位运动员签了几百万的合约。
而另一方面，第二种选择的结果是出现这样的标题：“新型流感变种在蔓延：死亡人数已达五十万”1969 年，美国卫生局局长威廉·斯图尔特在国会听证时说，我们可以“给传染病画上句号了。
”抗生素和疫苗带来了一个接一个了不起的胜利，从青霉素的发现到脊髓灰质炎的防治等凡此种种，让医学界欣喜不已。
他们认为这场战争几乎结束了。
今天，当我们面对各种已经被称为新现疾病和再现疾病时，我们认识更加透彻。
在《美国医学协会杂志》传染病的一期特刊中，诺贝尔奖得主，哥伦比亚生物学家约书亚·莱德伯格写道：“‘出现’其实是回归，回到上个世纪普遍盛行的水平。
”就在这期特刊中，有个报告对日益严重的传染病构成的威胁进行了量化：1980 年到 1992 年间，美国传染病的死亡率增加了 58％，其中艾滋病占了一半略多一点，而其他一些疾病，特别是呼吸道感染，也有显著贡献。
宣布胜利的日子里，人们飘飘然起来，然而后来突然出现了像艾滋病和埃博拉之类的各种新型疾病，虽然人们认为那些已有的病魔已经被降服，但是他们已经再次暴发。
白喉在前苏联正卷土重来。
虽然上层社会的歌剧迷们也许觉得结核病只是歌剧《波西米亚人》中的创作，而事实上，结核病就从来没有消失过，再次成为包括纽约市在内的城市中心的威胁。
甲型链球菌传染病正在增多，这意味着猩红热可能再次为大家熟知。
每一位在传染病领域的工作者都害怕，终有一日一种强大的新型流感菌株会席卷全球。
“战争胜利了，” 最近有位科学家嘲弄道，“是对方（传染病）获胜。
医学英语课文翻译
第一单元 A History of TCMText A A History of TCMThe history of traditional Chinese medicine can be traced through archaeological excavations extending back millions of years.Primitive people spent most of their time on basic survival: hunting, locating and preparing plants for food, building shelters, and defending themselves. It's easy to imagine that over time, they'd have sampled most of the local plants in their search for food. In time, an oral record evolved that identified those plants that made good food, those that were useful for building, those that had an effect on illness, and those that were poisonous. Through trial and error, a primitive form of herbal medicine and dietary therapy was taking shape in China.Fire also played a central role in their lives as a source of warmth, fuel, and light. As they huddled around fires, it was only natural that our ancestors would discover the healing powers of heat. Those powers would have been especially evident for cold, damp ailments such as arthritis, for which heat provides immediate relief. This was the origin of the art of moxibustion, the therapeutic application of heat to treat a wide variety of conditions.These ancient people must have experienced a variety of injuries during their rugged lives. A natural reaction to pain is to rub or press on the affected area. This hands-on therapy gradually evolved into a system of therapeutic manipulation. People discovered that pressing on certain points on the body had wide-ranging effects. They began to use pieces of sharpened bone or stone to enhance the sensation, and acupuncture was born.Written History of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe written history of traditional Chinese medicine has evolved mostly over the last 3,000 years. Archaeological digs from the Shang Dynasty (1,000 b.c.) have revealed medical writings inscribed on divination bones: early shamans, mostly women, used scapula bones to perform divination rites; later these bones were also used for writing.The discovery in 1973 of 11 medical texts written on silk has shed some light on the sophisticated practices of that early period of Chinese history. Dated to 168 B.C., the texts discuss diet, exercise, moxibustion, and herbal therapy.Liberally mixed with shamanistic magic, an extensive text,Prescriptions for Fifty-two Ailments, describes the pharmacological effects of herbs and foods.Also dating from about this time is the legend of Shen Nong, the Emperor of Agriculture, who tasted 100 herbs daily to assess their qualities. (He is said to have been poisoned many times in the course of his investigations.)By A.D. 400, the basic foundations of traditional Chinese medicine had been put into written form. By this time, most of the magical aspects of medicine had been left behind; there was an increasing belief in the powers of nature to heal disease.The most important book compiledbetween 300 B.C. and A.D. 400 is Huang Di Nei Jing (Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine).The work is divided into two books: Simple Questions and Spiritual Axis.The first book deals with general theoretical principles, while the second more specifically describes the principles of acupuncture and the treatment of disease. Remarkably, this ancient work is still valid; it forms the foundation for the contemporary practice of traditional Chinese medicine. For example, the Nei Jing states that cold diseases should be treated with hot herbs, and hot diseases should be treated with cold herbs. This principle is still followed today in clinical practice.Hot, inflammatory infections are treated with cold herbs such as honeysuckle flowers or Coptis root; cold, debilitating conditions suchas chronic fatigue are treated with warm, stimulating herbs such as ginseng or Astragalus roots.Modern research has confirmed that these plants contain constituents with strong pharmacological effects on these specific conditions. By the second century A.D., physicians all over China were compiling writings of the latest discoveries in acupuncture and herbal medicine. It was during this time that the famous physician Hua Tuo wrote about herbal anesthesia.Although his formula for the anesthetic has been lost, his unique system of acupuncture points is still in use. He was also a pioneer in recommending exercise as a method of maintaining wellness. He is quoted as saying "a running stream never goes bad," meaning exercise moves qi and prevents the stagnation that leads to disease.Another pioneer of the time was Zhang Zhongjing, who wrote Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases after witnessing an epidemic that ravaged his city and killed most of his relatives. This highly regarded physician developed a system of diagnosis so sophisticated that it is used by practitioners in modern hospitals 1,700 years after his death.Progress of Medicine in ChinaThe progress of medicine in China runs parallel to the nation's political history. Between the second and fifth centuries A.D., China experienced a period marked by war and political turmoil.One of the ironies of war is that it has a tendency to lead to advances in medicine. The periodic times of unrest in Chinese history, such as this, were no exception, as the increased need for practical, convenient, effective remedies led to further developments in medical treatment.During this time, Ge Hong wrote Prescriptions for Emergencies in order to spread the knowledge of acupuncture and moxibustion to the masses.Around A.D. 650, Sun Simiao compiled Prescriptions Worth A Thousand Gold, which integrated the clinical experiences of the different schools of acupuncture at that time.During the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.), China's Imperial Medical Bureau established departments of Acupuncture, Pharmacology, and Medical Specialties. Numerous additional treatises and compilations of medical knowledge and experience were prepared.In the Five Dynasties period (907-1368 A.D.), advancements in printing techniques led to a dramatic increase in the publication of medical texts.One of the important books of the period was Canon on the Origin of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, in which Wang Zhizhong incorporated the clinical experiences of the practitioners of folk medicine.During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), many medical specialists compiled the works of their forebears, further expanding the extensive base of medical knowledge.The most famous physician of the period was Li Shi Zheng (1518-1593), a kind and generous healer who did not accept payment for his services. After reviving the son of a prince from a coma, he was appointed court physician and served in the Imperial Academy of Medicine.His most incredible achievement was his 40-year effort in writing the Ben Cao Gong Mu (General Catalog of Herbs), a monumental work published after his death. Consisting of 52 volumes at the time of its printing, the Ben Cao Gong Mu remains an important reference for traditional Chinese herbalists.The recent history of traditional Chinese medicine saw the integration of new techniques with ancient understanding. This integration process continued until the 19th century, when the Opium War of 1840 turned China into a semi-colonial society. Western colonial powers derided traditional medicine as primitive and outdated.The Communist party came to power in themid-20th century, bringing much turmoil to China; however, the Communists saw the need to promote traditional Chinese medicine to avoid dependence on the West.A great need for traditional doctors arose since there were far too few Western-trained physicians to serve the huge population: only 10,000 Western-trained doctors were available to serve 400 millionpeople.Traditional Chinese medicine began a course of revival that continues today. Many Western-trained physicians and scientists in China started to conduct research on acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine, and a gradual integration of the two systems began.In 1945, an acupuncture clinic opened in a Western hospital in China for the first time. Since then, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have been practiced side-by-side in Chinese hospitals, sometimes by a physician who has been trained in both fields.For example,a cancer patient might receive radiation to treat a tumor then be sent to the herbal department for formulas to strengthen his immune system and normalize his blood count.Since the 1970s, Chinese hospitals have trained students from more than 100 countries in the principles of traditional medicine.Interest in traditional Chinese medicine was sparked in the United States in the early 1970s when New York Times reporter James Reston experienced an acute appendicitis attack while in China.His report of receiving acupuncture to relieve hispost-operative abdominal pain brought an awareness of this system of healing to the general public.Since then, acupuncture and herbal medicine have gradually taken hold in North America. With more than 10,000 practitioners and an increasing number of schools of traditional Chinese medicine, this ancient system has taken its well-deserved place in the Western world.Text A A History of TCM通过考古发掘，中医药的历史可以追溯到数百万年前。
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译与答案
Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3.Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are puttogether and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; thestudy of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductivesystem and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in thisarticle.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
医学英语第二单元翻译
Smallpox vaccination①smallpox is caused by the variola virus and is most often transmitted by inhaling the virus.天花是由天花病毒引起的,通常是通过吸入病毒传播it has an incubation period of between 7 and 17 days,after which symptoms begin to appear.the inital symptoms are flu-like.A significant feature of the disease is the development of blisters on the upper part of the boby,which eventually scab over and leave scars when the scabs fall off. around 30 per cent of those infected with smallpox die,usually within two weeks of symptoms appearing.它有7至17天的潜伏期,之后开始出现症状。
初是类似流感的症状。
疾病的一个重要特征是水泡上的发展身体的一部分,最终愈合留下疤痕有30%的感染者因天花死去,通常在两周内出现症状。
②The first attempts to control the disease used a technique know as variolation. dried scab tissue from victims of smallpox was used to deliberately infect young people. of those infected by variolation, one per cent died,far fewer than the 30 per cent killed by infection in the normal way.despite the risks, variolation was still used in some remote communities until relatively recently. 第一个试图控制这种疾病使用天花接种的技术知道。
研究生医学英语Unit 2翻译
3 Unit 2Definition and Classification of Pneumonia 肺炎的定义和分类When the word pneumonia is used in medical practice, it almost always refers to a syndrome caused by acute infection, usually bacterial, that is characterized by clinical and/or radiographic /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈgræfɪk/放射影像学signs of consolidation/kənˌsɒlɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ 实质、实变of a part or parts of one or both lungs. The use of the term has however been greatly extended to include non-bacterial infection of the lungs caused by a wide variety of microorganisms. Pneumonitis /ˌnjuːməʊˈnaɪtɪs/ is occasionally used as a synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/同义词for pneumonia, particularly when inflammation炎症/ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ of the lung has resulted from a non-infectious cause such as in chemical or radiation injury.当肺炎这个词在医疗实践中使用时，它几乎总是指由急性感染引起的综合征，通常是细菌感染，临床上和/或放射学上的以肺部分或单肺弥漫性或双肺弥漫性实变为特征。
新世纪医学英语教程(社会医学)第二、第三单元课文翻译
Unit2 AAmerica is experiencing a major epidemictoday.现今美国正在经历一场重要的流行病。
Unlike epidemics of the past, it is not a disease transmitted by bacteria or viruses. 不同于过去的流行病，它不是由细菌或病毒传染的疾病。
This epidemic is an increase in diseases and problems related to stress, and it touches all of our lives. 这个流行病的增加是与压力有关的疾病和问题引起的，它涉及我们生活的方方面面。
In 1900 t he average life expectancy in this country was 47, and the major killer diseases included tuberculosis pneumonia,influenza, cholera, typhoid, and smallpox ——infectious diseases which struck people of all ages, regardless of their lifestyle. 1900年，这个国家的平均预期寿命为47岁，其主要致命疾病包括肺结核肺炎，流行性感冒，霍乱，伤寒，天花-这些传染性疾病袭击了所有年龄层的人，不管他们的生活方式怎样。
Today,on the other hand,life expectancyhas been extended to 74, thanks in large part to the conquest of the acute infectious disease through improved sanitation, better distribution and storage of foods, and the introduction of immunization and antibiotics. 如今，在另一方面，预期寿命已延长至74岁，这在很大程度上是由于对于急性传染病的征服，通过改善卫生条件，更好地分配和储存食物，以及引进免疫方法和抗生素。
医学英语原文翻译1至5单元
1. 生理学是研究生物体正常功能的一门科学。
它研究生物体如何进行各种活动，如何饮食，如何运动，如何适应不断改变的环境，如何繁殖后代。
这门学科包罗万象，涵盖了生物体整个生命过程。
生理学成功地解释了生物体如何进行日常活动，基于的观点是生物体好比是结构复杂而灵巧的机器，其操作受物理和化学规律控制。
尽管从生物学整个范畴看，生物体某些活动过程是相似的，如基因编码的复制，但许多过程还是某些生物体群组特有的。
鉴于此，将这门学科分成不同部分研究如细菌生理学，植物生理学和动物生理学是有必要的。
Physiology is the study of thefunctions of living matter. It is concerned with how an organism performs its varied activities: how it feeds, how it moves, how it adapts to changing circumstances, how it spawns new generations . The subject is vast and embraces the whole of life. The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily tasks is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite mac hines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry. Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology—the replication of the genetic code for example —many are specific to particular groups of organisms. For this reason it is necessary to divide the subject into various parts such as bacterial physiology, plant physiology, and animal physiology. 2. 正如要了解一个动物如何活动，首先需要了解它的构成，要充分了解一个生物体的生理学活动就必须掌握全面的解剖学知识。
医学英语 Unit 2 3-3
4
genotype ['ʤenətaip] n. 基因型 geno-: gene type: category phenotype ['fi:nəutaip] n. 表型
5
homozygote [,hɔməu'zaiɡəut] n. 纯合子 homo-: same; zygote: the cell produced by the union of two gametes 合子 heterozygote [,hetərə'zaiɡəut] n. 杂合子
9) develops into
11)
mitosis
13) genetic 15) gives rise to
16
Biology IV. Describe the following figure according to the information in Passage II.
Each generation, the doubling of chromosome number that results from fertilization is offset by the halving of chromosome number that results from meiosis. For humans, the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell is 23(n=23); the number of chromosomes in the diploid zygote and all somatic cells arising from itbrid 单基因杂种 mono-: one; hybrid ['haibrid] n. an animal or plant with parents of different species 杂种动物；杂交植物 dihybrid [dai'haibrid] 双基因杂种 hybridize [‘haibridaiz] v. (使)产生杂交品种，杂交 hybridization [,haibridai'zeiʃən] n. 杂交=cross
实用医学英语翻译第2单元
The skeletal systemThe skeletal systemis composed of various types of connective tissue, including bone and cartilage.Bone and cartilage comprise cells embedded in an extracellular matrix (细胞外基质) . This matrix consists of an amorphous ground substance （非晶质的细胞透明质）permeated by a system of collagen and elastic fibres. These fibres differ from general connective tissue because their matrices are solid, although they do share the same origin from embryonic cellular connective tissue, the mesenchyme.硬骨和软骨是由嵌入在细胞外基质内的细胞组成。
这种基质是由富含胶原蛋白和弹性纤维的非晶质的细胞透明质组成。
尽管这些纤维组织同样是来自于胚胎细胞结缔组织-间叶细胞，但是它们不同于普通的结缔组织，它们的基质很结实Components of the SkeletonBoneBone is rigid and forms most of the skeleton. It is the main supporting tissue of the body and provides a framework for most of the body’s tissues.硬骨硬骨是肢体中坚硬的组织，骨骼的大部分是由硬骨组成。
它是身体的主要支撑组织，并为大部分身体组织提供框架Cartilage is a resilient tissue and provides a semirigid support for certain parts of skeleton, e.g. the costal cartilages, respiratory airways and external ear.软骨软骨是一种弹性组织，它为骨骼中的某些部位提供了半刚性的支撑力。
医学专业英语词汇翻译（二）
医学专业英语词汇翻译（二）小编为大家整理了一些医学专业英语词汇翻译，一起来学习吧! 医学专业英语词汇翻译：肌电图 electromyogram;多发性硬化 multiple sclerosis;心电图 electrocardiograph;疾病的后遗症 sequelea of disease;光纤技术 fiber optic technology;造血系统 hematopoietic system;致命的疾病 fatal disease;体液 body fluid;无副作用的治疗 hazard-free therapy;无侵犯的实验检查 non-invasive laboratory test;核磁共振 nuclear magnetic resonance;葡萄糖耐糖实验 the glucose-tolerance test;乐观的预后 optimistic prognosis;超声波检测法 ultrasonography;病史 medical history;随访活动 follow-up visit;营养不良 nutritional deficiency;使细节显著 highlight detail;脑电图 electroencephalogram;缺血的组织 blood-starved tissue;肌纤维 muscle fiber;随意肌 voluntary muscle;消化道 alimentary canal;肌腹 fleshy belly of muscle;横纹肌 striated muscle;肌肉痉挛 cramps of muscle;肌肉收缩 muscle contraction;肌肉附着点 attachment of the muscle;肌肉放松 relaxation of muscle;动脉出血arterial hemorrhage;止端 insertion;起端 origion;供血 blood supply;屈肌 flexor;蛋白分子 protein molecule;纤维结缔组织 fibrous connective tissue;伸肌 extensor;意志力 willpower;横切面 transverse section;起搏器 pacemaker;AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome获得性免疫缺陷综合症.ALS Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis肌萎缩侧索硬化症.CT computed tomography calcitonin计算机断层扫描.DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸.ECG electrocardiograph 心电图.EEG electroencephalogram 脑电图.EMG electromyogram 肌电图.MRI.Magnetic Resonance Imaging磁共振成像RNA.ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸SLE systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮GI gastrointestinal 胃肠道GH growth hormone 生长激素PTH parathormone 甲状旁腺激素CT ealcitonin 降钙素SARS Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromesIg immunoglobulinERT estrogen replacement therapy 雌激素替代疗医学专业英语词汇翻译（二）小编为大家整理了一些医学专业英语词汇翻译，一起来学习吧! 医学专业英语词汇翻译：肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic tech 推荐度：点击下载文档文档为doc格式。
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