08年12月英语四级完型翻译答案
2008年12月大学英语四级真题及答案
2008年12月20日英语四级A卷真题（Word版）Part I Writing (30minu tes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quick ly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).For questions 8-10,complet e the sentences with the information given in the passage.That’s enough, kidsIt was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine wi th her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.“I’d watched him for a little w hile and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to th e boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t push,” What happened next was unexpect ed.“The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,”Stella says,” I thou ght she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unaccepta ble. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting o ther children in the process?”Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield.In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s en couraged. For her, it’s about kids being kids:”If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiti ng his aunt’s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are o ver at mine. That’s OK betwee n sisters but becomes dangerous territory when yo u’re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.“Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash Un iversity.” But there is still an idea that they’re the property of the pa rent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me.”In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child d irectly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usua lly a quiet reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finel y tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different setting s.”He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectfu l, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your co ncerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she s ays.Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:” Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friend shi p. Preface your remarks with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m sil ly but in my house I don’t want…’”When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is st raightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well, th en have a chat.”There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from a ny adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to t he fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyon e:” The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They’re worried that there wi ll be conflict if they point t hese things out –either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re livi ng in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, a nd a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”“it’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said,‘you probably deserved it’. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. it’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it g ood?“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the p opulation doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are proba bly more likely to b e too involved.”White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it’s a way of talking abou t treating our children like commodities(商品). We’re centred on them but in w ays that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best int erests of the children.”One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’s intervention(干预) on he r son’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’s mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a l ongstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour i f he was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other p eople’s kids. “look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,”he s ays. He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2008年12月英语四级答案.(含解析)
2008年12月si ji da an1.A).【定位】由提干中的Stella Bianchi, mother 定位到第三段1-2句：“The boy‟s mother ran toward me from across the park ,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for …disciplining her child ‟.【精解】段首处设题。
文章提到Stella本以为孩子的母亲是来道歉的，A）与此一致。
本体关键在于定位答案。
2.D)【定位】由提干中的deal with other people‟s children 定位到第四段：Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people‟s children has become a minefield.【精解】段末设题，这句话的意思是：管教别人的孩子如进雷区，“minefield”这个词固然生僻，一可根据mine“地雷”的意思进行判断；二可通过上文进行推断。
上句提出管教自己的孩子已经很难了，两句之间是递进关系，推断管教别人孩子更不容易。
D）项与此相符。
3.B)【定位】由题干中的Professor Naomi White, criticize定位到第七段最后一句：We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you‟re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that‟s somehow a criticism of me.【精解】段末设题。
文章指出“如果你说我的孩子做的不对，那就有些批评我的意味了。
08年四级12月听力真题+完成句子+答案
08年四级12月听力真题+完成句子+答案11．A)Only true friendship can last long. B)Letter writing is going out of style.C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates. D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. A) A painter. B) A mechanic. C) A porter. D) A carpenter.13. A) Look for a place near her office. B) Find a new job down the street.C) Make inquiries elsewhere. D) Rent the $600 apartment.14. A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist. B) He has been extremely busy recently.C) He has gained some weight lately. D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.15. A)The woman possesses a natural for art. B) Women havea better artistic taste than men.C) He isn’t good at abstract thinking. D) He doesn’t like abstract paintings.16.A) She couldn’t have left her notebook in the library.B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.D) she shouldn’t have read his no tes without his knowing it.17.A)she wants to get some sleep B) she needs time to writea paperC) she has a literature class to attend D)she is troubled by her sleep problem18.A)He is confident he will get the job. B)His chance of getting the job is slim.C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales manager. D)Theinterview didn’t go as well as he expected. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A)He can manage his time more flexibly. B)He can renew contact with his old friends.C)He can concentrate on his own projects. D)He can learn to do administrative work.20. A)Reading its ads in the newspapers. B)Calling its personnel department.C)Contacting its manager. D)Searching its website.21.A)T o cut down its production expenses. B)T o solve the problem of staff shortage.C)To improve its administrative efficiency. D)To utilize its retired employees’ resources. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A)Buy a tractor. B)Fix a house. C)See a piece of property.D)Sing a business contract.23. A)It is only forty miles form where they live. B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables. D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.24. A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor. B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.C)It may not be big enough for raising corn. D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.25. A)Finances B)Equipment C)Labor D)ProfitsPassage One26 A)To introduce the chief of the c ity’s police forceB)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guestC)To address the issue of community securityD)To explain the functions of the city council27 A)He has distinguished himself in city managementB)He is head of the International Police ForceC)He completed his higher education abroadD)He holds a master’s degree in criminology28 A)To coordinate work among police departmentsB)To get police officers closer to the local peopleC)To help the residents in times of emergencyD)To enable the police to take prompt action29 . A)Popular B)discouraging C)effective D)controversialPassage Two30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicateB)there are numerous languages in existenceC)Most public languages are inherently vagueD)Big gaps exist between private and public languages31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence B)in improves with constant practiceC)it is something we are born with D)it varies from person to person32 A)how private languages are developed B)how different languages are relatedC)how people create their languages D)how children learn to use languagePassage Three33 . A)she was a tailor B)she was an engineerC)she was an educator D)she was a public speaker34. A)Basing them on science-fiction movies. B) Including interesting examples in themC) Adjusting them to different audiences D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science35.A) Whether spacemen carry weapons B) How spacesuitsprotect spacemenC) How NASA trains its spacemen D) What spacemen cat and drinkCrime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades.Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new(37)____has appeared on the world(38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40)___and auto theft are clearly rising(41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44) _______________________________These conditions are increasingly observable around the world . For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)__________________________________________ Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and 46)________________11-15DACCD 16-20BABAD 21-25DCBCA 26-30ADBCB 31-35CDBCA36 trend 37 phenomenon 38 scene 39 offences 40 murder 41 particularly42 explosion 43 associated44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong .45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems______________(他们至今还没有答案)88.______________________ (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children. 89.You’d better take a sweater with you_____________________________________________ (以防天气变冷) 90.Throught the project, many people have received training and__________________________ (决定自己创业) 91.The anti-virus agent was not known___________________________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它87. (that/which) they haven't found solution to 88. What most parents concern 89. in case it (should) turn cold. 90. decided to launch their own enterprise 91. until a doctor discovered it by chance.。
2008年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)参考答案
复合式听写Crime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades. Crime rates have always been high in multicultural industrialized societies such as the United States. But a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene, rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few offenses. Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder and auto theft are clearly rising, particularly in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United Kingdom.What is driving this crime explosion? There are no simple answers. Still, there’re certain conditions associated with rising crime. Increasing heterogeneity of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments, changing national borders, greater economic growth, and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.These conditions are increasing observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous such as Japan, Denmark, and Greece are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.11. D. She has lost contact with most of her friends12. A. A painter13. C. Make inquiries elsewhere14. C. He has gained some weight lately15. D he doesn't like abstract paintings16. B she may have put her notebook amid the journals17. A she wants to get some sleep18. B his chance of getting the job is slim19. A. he can manage his time more flexibly20. D. searching the website21 D. to utilize its retired employees' resources22. C. See a piece of property23. B It is a small one with a two -bedroom house24. C. it may not be big enough for raising corn25. A. Finance26. A. to introduce the chief of the city's police force27. D he holds a master's degree in criminology28. B. to get police officers closer to the local people29. C. effective30 .B. there are numerous languages in existence31. C it is something we are born with32. D how children learn to use language33. B she was an engineer34. C. adjusting them to different audience35. A whether spacemen carry weapons36. trend37. phenomenon38 scene39 offences40 murder41 particularly42 explosion43 Associated44. changing national boarders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong45. are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been accompanied Americans for most of its history.46. failure to recognize and plan for diversity can lead to serious crime problems.选词填空A卷答案：47. F) derive48. K) naturally49. H) escape50. G) diversity51. N) respect52. I) establishing53. B) characters54. A) abundant55. O) widen56. C) communicating阅读A卷答案：P1男人面对的身体危机更多57.C他们获得足够长以读到这篇文章58.B男人没有像女人那样经常去寻求医疗救治59.A这时也会发生在我身上60.D因为害怕而不愿意知道自己的病情61.B可以省钱P2商家与各科的矛盾关系62.A当他们有不愉快经历时，大多数顾客不会费力去投诉63.D不向经理投诉同样会带给顾客麻烦64.B不会在停车时遇到麻烦65.销售员的礼貌66.直接把他们的不满告诉商店经理完型A卷答案：67. A) among68. D) sponsor69. A) access70. B) less71. D) lack72. C) fees73. C) and74. A) maintain75. B) first76. D) when77. A) realized78. C) strongly79. D) led80. C) particular81. B) environment82. A) encouraging83. D) at84. B) how85. C) produce86. A) growing翻译A卷答案：87. to which they still have no answers today.88. what most parents are concerned about.89. in case of temperature drop.90. decided to start their own business.91. until a doctor found it by chance.快速阅读1. A make an apology. 对应原文第7行I thought she was coming over to apologise2. D It’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble 对应原文第10行Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield,其中minefield指的是雷区，表明比较难于处理的问题3. B hurt 对应原文第一页倒数第10行then that’s somehow a criticism of me4. A Talk to them directly in a mild way. 对应原文第一页倒数第6行usually a quiet reminder that “we don’t do that here” is enough.5. C people are reluctant to point out kid’s wrongdoings. 此题难度较大，需要阅读中跳跃的范围较大，要直接跳到原文第二页的第10行For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone, “The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up.6. B I t’s difficult to create a code of conduct. 对应原文第二页第16行7. D They’d put the blame on their kids 对应原文第二页20行“I got into trouble”, and dad said, “ You probably deserved it.”8. challenged9. can be proud of10. stay silent写作Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用2.造成的问题3.限制使用的意义Disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China. When we went shopping at supermarkets and departments stores, shopping assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience. For a while, life without them seemed unimaginable for most of us.However, disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our environment. Costumers usually threw them away after use, and because they are thin and hard to decompose, these plastic products will exist for a long time. This is an immediate threat to our earth and water. Nowadays, the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting the use of disposable plastic bags: they are not free any more. In some shopping places, in order to invoke the public awareness of environmental protection, plastic bags are offered in a much higher price. As a result, people are changing their behavior: paper and clothing bags that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life. It is true that by limiting its usage, everyone in this society contributes some effort to the improvement of the environment.（北京新东方提供）。
四级完型填空与翻译讲解
模拟三翻译
1. You will be totally wrong if you take it for granted that we all owe you something.
2. You should teach him how to think in different ways instead of telling him how to do it.
（2）利用定义句解题
如果大家在解答完形填空的时候 遇到不理解的生僻词或关键词语， 可以在短文的上下文中找出能够 为其定义的短语或句子，从而排 除理解障碍。在寻找定义线索时
define as, is, mean, is called, refer to 等表达可成为语言提示。
(3)理清文章的发展脉络
The emphasis given to each of these functions __68__ from university to university, according to the views of the people in __69__ and according to the resources available.
6. comparatively
7. communal life 8. inherent in 为…所固有的 9. however much 无论多少 10.so long as只要 11. in a similar way同理，同样
模拟三
1.to a great extent 在很大程度上 2. to the best advantage 最出色的，最佳的 3. of value=valuable of importance=important
2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题及答案(附听力原文)
2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案听力原文短对话Short Conversations11．M: I just received an Email from one of my former classmates. I was surprised, I hadn’t heard from him for ages.W: Well, I’ve been out of touch with most of my old friends, only one or two still drop me a line occasionally,Q: What does the woman mean?12. M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house early next week.W: Well, right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for the wall s, but I’ll let you know tomorrow.Q: Who is the woman talking to?13. W: Excuse me, do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month? I need to move in next week when my new job starts.M: The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars, have you inquired at the apartment complex down the street?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?14. W: You bought a pair of jeans yesterday, didn’t you? What are they like?M: Oh, they are pretty much like my other ones, except with a larger waist. I guess I haven’t spent much time exercising lately.Q: What can we infer from the conversation about the man?15. W: I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday. What do you think?M: I guess it’s something I haven’t acquired a taste for y et.Q: What does the man imply?16. W: You haven’t seen a blue notebook, have you? I hope I didn’t leave it in the reading room.M: Did you check that pile of journals you’ve borrowed from the library the other day?Q: What is the man trying to say to the woman?17. M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?W: I’d love to, but I’m exhausted. I was up till 3 this morning, writing a paper for my literature class.Q: Why does the woman decline the man’s invitation?18. W: You had a job interview yes terday, didn’t you? How did it go?M: Not too bad, I guess. There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager’s job. And finally it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified.听力长对话1F: Simon, how does it feel to be retired?M: Well, not so bad.F: How have you been spending your time?M: I have been spending more time with my family. I’ve also travelled a bit, you know, off season when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less.F: Great.M: You know I h aven’t stopped work completely.F: Yes, could you tell us more about this?M: I’m on a scheme that’s called phased retirement; I had a six-month break from work, after that I could apply for project work with the company I used to work for.F: How does the scheme work?M: Well, it’s a trial at the moment. Instead of hiring temporary stuff, the company advertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access.F: What sort of works advertised?M: Well, all sorts of things, really. Administrative work and more specialized work, the sort of thing I can do. Some of the projects can last five or six months, and others can just be a couple of days. I can decide more or less when to work. So I can manage my own time.F: I can see it’s goo d for you. What is your company get out of this?M: Well, I still have all my old contacts at work, so I know who to contact to get something done. The company gets flexibility, too. Once the job’s over, that’s it. I’m not on their books any more.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. Why does Simon find his retired life enjoyable?20. How does Simon get to know about the company’s available posts?21. Why does the company adopt the phased retirement scheme?长对话2W: Oh, where are we going?M: I want to show you something.W: I know, but what is it?M: A farm. It’s just down this road. It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own.W: A farm? How can we afford to buy a farm?M: It isn’t very large,only 40 acres. We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.W: Is there a house on the place?M: A small one, two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed up a little. I can do the job myself.W: OK. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden?M: There is a bout half an acre around the house. That’s plenty of space.W: Then we can grow our own fresh vegetables. And maybe keep a few chickens, couldn’t we?M: Yes, and we can probably grow a lot of our own food.W: What are you thinking about growing, if we do take this place?M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn. I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes.W: Potatoes? There are a lot of work.M: We are used to hard work, aren’t we?W: Yes, we are, but the money. Do we have enough to get started? It seems like a dream.M: I think we’ve saved enough. We can pay a little on the farm and maybe put a few dollars down on the tractor, too.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q 22:What are the speakers going to do at the time of the conversation?Q 23:What does the man say about the farm?Q 24:Why does the man intend to grow potatoes rather than corn on the farm?Q 25:What is the woman’s greatest concern about the man’s plan?Passage 1Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr. Robert Washington, chief of our city’s police force. He will address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program. Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years. However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force whichdeals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program 8 years ago. The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city. These officers do more than make arrests. They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the first place. Often that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agencies, such as schools, hospitals, housing, drug treatment centers. And the program seems to be working: crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure. Today Mr. Washington is going to tell us more about this program. Now let’s welcome Mr. Robert Washington.26. What is the purpose of the speaker’s remarks?He will address us on the subject of community policing program.27. What does the speaker say about Mr. Robert Washington?Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years. However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the community policing program 8 years ago.28. What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program?The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city.29. How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be?And the program seems to be working, crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.Passage 2There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world, and we must add approximately 6 billion private languages since each one of us necessarily has one. Considering these facts, the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number. However, we do communicate successfully from time to time. And we do learn to speak languages. But learning to speak languages seems to be a very mysterious process. For a long time, people thought that we learned a language onlyby imitation and association. For example, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry. The mother says, “Hot, hot!” And the baby, when it stops crying, imitates the mother and says, “Hot, hot!” However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language, pointed out that although children do learn some words by imitation and association, they also combine words to make meaningful sentences in ways that are unique, unlearned and creative. Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before, Chomsky suggested that human infants are born with the ability to learn language. Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences between public and private languages, there is a universal language mechanism that makes it possible for us, as infants, to learn any language in the world. This theory explains the potential that human infants have for learning language. But it does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 30. Why does the speaker say there are great possibilities for communication breakdowns?There are numerous public and private languages.Question 31. What is Chomsky’s point on the ability to learn a language?Human infants are born with the ability to learn language and the potential to learn any language in the world.Question 32. What does Chomsky’s theory fail to explain according to the speaker?It does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways. Passage 3When US spacewoman Joan Higginbotham is not flying and working in space, she might be found somewhere on earth giving a speech. Higginbotham, who grew up in Chicago and became an engineer before joining NASA, that is the National Air and Space Administration, gives about a dozen speeches a year. Each speech is different because she tailors her remarks to each audience. Through interviews and E-mails, she finds out in advance her listeners' educational level and what information they want to know. On the subject of space walks, for example, audiences vary in their interests and how much complexity they can comprehend. To elementary school children, Higginbotham may discuss a problem that many kids want to know about. "How do spacemen in a spacesuit eat, drink, and go to the bathroom?" Her answer is “the spac esuit is really a small spacecraft with room for food and water-containers, and a waste-collection system.” To a high school audience, she might satisfy a curiosity that often arises in her pre-speech interviews with students who obviouslyhave seen many s cience fiction movies. “Do spacemen carry weapons in case they encounter enemies in space?” Her answer is "No". To scientists, she might provide technical details on such topics as the design of spacesuits that protects spacemen from the deadly temperature extremes of space. Just as elaborate preparation is required for success in space, Higginbotham says that it’s important for speakers to learn as much as possible about their listeners before a speech because every audience is different.33. What did Joan Higginbotham do before joining in NASA?34. How does Higginbotham prepare her speech on space walks?35. What does the high school audience want to know about space travel?Compound Dictation:Crime is increasing worldwide. There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades. Crime rates have always been high in multi-cultural industrialized societies such as the United States. But a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene: rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few offences. Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder and auto theft are clearly rising, particularly in Eastern European countries, such as Hungary, and in Western European nations, such as the Untied Kingdom. What is driving this crime explosion? There are no simple answers. Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime. Increasing heterogeneity of population, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments, changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong. These conditions are increasingly observable around the world. For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous, such as Japan, Denmark and Greece, are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history. Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.Part I Writing (30minutes)The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用2.造成的问题3.限制使用的意义注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
2008年12月英语四级真题 答案详解
快速阅读1. A2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. D8. challenged9. can be proud of10. stay silent听力11. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. D) A painter.13. C) Make inquires elsewhere.14. C) He has gained some weight lately.15. D) He doesn't like abstract paintings.16. B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.17. A) She wants to get some sleep.18. B) His chance of getting the job is slim.19. A He can manage his time more flexible.20. D Searching its website.21. D To utilize its retired employee's resources.22 C See a piece of property.23. B It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.24. C It may now be big enough for raising corn.25. A Finances.26. A) To introduce the chief of the city' police force.27. D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.29. C) Effective.30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.31. C) It is something we are born with.32. D) How children learn to use language.33. B) She was an engineer.34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.36 trend37 phenomenon38 scene39 offenses40 murder41 particularly42 explosion43 associated44 changing national borders, greater economic growth, and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America formost of its history46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems阅读47. F/ desire48. K/ naturally49. H/ escape50. G/ diversity51. N/ respect52. I/ establishing53. B/ characters54. A/ abundant55. O/ widen56. M/ properly57 A they are more likely to survive serious diseases today.58 B men don't seek medical care as often as women,59 D it would be a big misfortune.60 D unwillingness to find out about one's decease because of fear.61 B they will save money in the long run.62 B customer would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.63 A new customer are bound to replace old ones.64 B won't have to trouble parking their cars.65 A manners of the salespeople66 C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly.完型67. A. among68. D. sponsor69. A. access70. B. less71. D. lack72. C. fees73. B. as74. A. maintain75. B. first76. D. when77. A. realized78. C. strongly79. D. led80. C. particular81. B. environment82. A. encouraging83. D. at84. B. how85. C. produce86. A. growing翻译87. to which they presently haven’t yet found any solutions88. What most parents are concerned about89. in case it gets cold90. decided to run their own businesses91. until a doctor found it by accident。
2008年12月英语四级试题文字版（A卷真题答案）
2008年12月英语四级试题文字版（A卷真题+答案）(2)H. EscapeI. EstablishingJ. NarrowK. NaturallyL. PersonnelM. ProperlyN. RespectO. WidenSection BDirections There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestion 57 to 61 based on the following passage.If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doc tor.“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer” he says, “Earlier detection and treatm ent may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life”According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.“A lot of men think they are invincible （不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to him.Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ” says Dr. Ross Cart mill.“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-upsRegular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.” But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.C. They have lived long enough to read this article.D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.58。
08年12月四级A卷真题、答案（三）
Section B Directions There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage one Question 57 to 61 based on the following passage. If you are a male and you are reading this,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman. There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don't go to the doctor. "Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should, " says Dr. Gullotta, "This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike." Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker's cough for a year. "When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer" he says, "Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life" According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group. "A lot of men think they are invincible （不可战胜的）"Gullotta says "They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think" Geez, if it could happen to him. Then there is the ostrich approach," some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, " says Dr. Ross Cartmill. "Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies," Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says." But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death." 57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage? A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today. B. Their average life span has been considerably extended. C. They have lived long enough to read this article. D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live. 58.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women? A. men drink and smoke much more than women B. men don't seek medical care as often as women C. men aren't as cautions as women in face of danger D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases 59. Which of the following best completes the sentence "Geez, if it could happen to him,…'（line2,para,8）? A. it could happen to me, too B. I should avoid playing golf C. I should consider myself lucky D. it would be a big misfortune 60. what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by "the ostrich approach"（line q para.9） A. a casual attitude towards one's health conditions B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved D. unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear 61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men? A.They may increase public expenses B.They will save money in the long run C.They may cause psychological strains on men D.They will enable men to live as long as women Passage two Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage High-quality customer service is preached（宣扬） by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school "Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers," said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group." the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement." On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting "snowball effect" can be disastrous to retailers. According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers. The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered （塞满了的） shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople. During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy andexperienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions. Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers. "Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly." said Professor Stephen Hoch. "Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help." Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints? A Most customers won't bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences. B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them. C Few customers believe the service will be improved. D Customers have no easy access to store managers. 63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying " … the shopper must also find a replacement" （Line 2, Para. 4）? A New customers are bound to replace old ones. B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores. C Most stores provide the same D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too. 64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____ A can stay longer browsing in the store B won't have trouble parking their cars C won't have any worries about security D can find their cars easily after shopping 65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers? A Manners of the salespeople B Hiring of efficient employees C Huge supply of goods for sale D Design of the store layout. 66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________. A exert pressure on stores to improve their service B settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly D shop around and make comparisons between stores Part V Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true 67 children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and 68 sports programs and make sure that there is easy 69 to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are 70 likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often 71 the resources needed to pay for participation 72, equipment, and transportation to practices and games 73 thei r c o m m u n i t i e s d o n o t h a v e r e s o u r c e s t o b u i l d a n d 7 4 s p o r t s f i e l d s a n d f a c i l i t i e s . b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 1 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 2 " > 0 0 O r g a n i z e d y o u t h s p o r t s 7 5 a p p e a r e d d u r i n g t h e e a r l y 2 0 t h c e n t u r y i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d o t h e r w e a l t h y n a t i o n s . T h e y w e r e o r i g i n a l l y d e v e l o p e d 7 6 s o m e e d u c a t o r s a n d d e v e l o p m e n t a l e x p e r t s 7 7 t h a t t h e b e h a v i o r a n d c h a r a c t e r o f c h i l d r e n w e r e 7 8 i n f l u e n c e d b y t h e i r s o c i a l s u r r o u n d i n g a n d e v e r y d a y e x p e r i e n c e s . T h i s 7 9 m a n y p e o p l e t o b e l i e v e t h a t i f y o u c o u l d o r g a n i z e t h e e x p e r i e n c e s o f c h i l d r e n i n 8 0 w a y s , y o u c o u l d i n f l u e n c e t h e k i n d s o f a d u l t s t h a t t h o s e c h i l d r e n w o u l d b e c o m e . b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 3 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 4 " > 0 0 T h i s b e l i e f t h a t t h e s o c i a l 8 1 i n f l u e n c e d a p e r s o n ' s o v e r a l l d e v e l o p m e n t w a s v e r y 8 2 t o p e o p l e i n t e r e s t e d i n p r o g r e s s a n d r e f o r m i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s 8 3 t h e b e g i n n i n g o f t h e 2 0 t h c e n t u r y . I t c a u s e d t h e m t o t h i n k a b o u t 8 4 t h e y m i g h t c o n t r o l t h e e x p e r i e n c e s o f c h i l d r e n t o 8 5 r e s p o n s i b l e a n d p r o d u c t i v e a d u l t s . T h e y b e l i e v e d s t r o n g l y t h a t d e m o c r a c y d e p e n d e d o n r e s p o n s i b i l i t y a n d t h a t a 8 6 c a p i t a l i s t e c o n o m y d e p e n d e d o n t h e p r o d u c t i v i t y o f w o r k e r . b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 5 " > b r b d sf i d = " 2 3 6 " > 0 0 6 7 . A . a m o ng B . w i thi n C . o n D . t o w a r d s b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 7 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 8 " > 00 6 8 . A . s p r e a d B . s p e e d C . s p u r D . s p o n s o r b r b d s f i d = " 2 3 9 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 0 " > 0 0 6 9 . A . a c ce s s B . e n t r a n c e C . c h a n c e D . r o u t e b r b d sf i d = " 2 4 1 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 2 " > 0 0 7 0 A . l i t t l e B . l e s s C . m o r e D . m u c h b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 3 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 4 " > 0 0 7 1 . A . s h r i n k B . t igh t e n C . li m i t D . l a c k b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 5 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 6 " > 0 0 7 2 . A . b i l l B a c c o u n t s C . f e e s D . f a r e b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 7 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 8 " > 0 0 7 3 . A . s o B . a s C . a n d D . b u t b r b d s f i d = " 2 4 9 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 0 " > 0 0 7 4 .A . m a i n t a i nB . s u s t a i nC . c o n t a i nD . e n t e r t a i n b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 1 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 2 " > 0 0 7 5 . A . l a s t B . f i r s t C . l a t e r D . f i n a l l y b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 3 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 4 " > 0 0 7 6 . A . b e f o r e B . w h i l e C . u n t i l D . w h e n b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 5 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 6 " > 0 0 7 7 . A . r e a l i z e d B . r e c a l l e d C . e x p e c t e d D . e x h i b i t e d b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 7 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 8 " > 0 0 7 8 . A . s p e c i f i c a l l y B . e x c e s s i v e l y C . s t r o n g l y D . e x a c t l y b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 9 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 0 " > 0 0 7 9 . A . m o v e d B . c o n d u c t e d C . p u t D . l e d b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 1 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 2 " > 0 0 8 0 . A . p r e c i s e B . p r e c i o u s C . p a r t i c u l a r D . p e c u l i a r b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 3 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 4 " > 0 0 8 1 . A . e n g a g e m e n t B . e n v i r o n m e n t C . s t a t e D . s t a t u s b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 5 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 6 " > 0 0 8 2 . A . e n c o u r a g i n g B . d i s a p p o i n t i n g C . u p s e t t i n g D . s u r p r i s i n g b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 7 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 8 " > 0 0 8 3 . A . f o r B . w i t h C . o v e r D . a t b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 9 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 0 " > 0 0 8 4 . A . w h a t B . h o w C . w h a t e v e r D . h o w e v e r b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 1 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 2 " > 0 0 8 5 . A . m u l t i p l y B . m a n u f a c t u r e C . p r o d u c e D . p r o v i d e b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 3 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 4 " > 0 0 8 6 . A . g r o w i n g B . b r e e d i n g C . r a i s i n g D . f l y i n g b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 5 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 6 " > 0 0 P a r t V I T r a n s l a t i o n b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 7 " > b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 8 " > 0 0 D i r e c t i o n s : C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s b y t r a n s l a t i n g i n t oE n g l i s h t h e C h i n e s e g i v e n i n b r a c k e t s . P l e a s e w r i t e y o u r t r a n s l a t i o n o n a n s w e r s h e e t 2 b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 9 " >。
2008年四级考试(附答案)
一.写作部分（9：00－9：30）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。
二.快速阅读（9：30－9：45）Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, w omen’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they.Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputationD) it is affordable to most advertiser2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenueB) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniquesD) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiencesB) modern technology makes it more entertaining C) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.A) quick to updateB) pleasant to look atC) easy to rememberD) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses to develop_________________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.注意：收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分（9：45－10：00）三.听力部分（10：00－10：35）Section C注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2008年12月大学英语四级真题解析+听力原文(1)
2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题解析Part I Writing* 解题思路1. 审解题目：本文为问题解决类作文。
首先提出一种社会现象；然后对这一现象所带来的问题进行分析和阐述；最后对解决这一问题的方法进行论述：赞成或反对。
2. 写作步骤：本文为提纲式作文，写作应按照试卷上给出的汉语提纲进行，分三段将所涉及内容论述清楚：第一段：引出一次性塑料袋在人们生活中广泛使用的现象；第二段：列举使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题；第三段：对限制使用一次性塑料袋这一政策阐述自己的观点：可以支持以上观点，并进行总结强调；也可以否定以上观点，并提出反对理由。
范文：Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic BagsPlastic bags have been an indispensable part of our daily life for many years. But recently the problems of using disposable plastic bags have been brought into people’s concern.Although plastic bags have brought great convince to people, it has also caused a lot of problems. First of all, the use of disposable plastic bags causes great harm to our environment. As these bags can not be discomposed, they pollute the field and water. Besides, plastic bags do harm to people’s health as well, because they are made of chemical materials which may contamin ate our food. What’s more, the over use of plastic bags is also a kind of waste of resources.Therefore, limiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of great significance. This policy not only enhances people’s awareness of environmental protection, but also reduce the waste of resources. In short, we should do our best to limit the use of plastic bags for ourselves and for the next generation.经典句式:1. Recently, the problem of … has become the focus of the public concern.2. It is important to poin t out that…3. On one hand, … . On the other hand, …4. Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that …5. First of all, … . Besides, …. What’s more, …6. … is of great significance.7. It is high time that we put an end to …Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)* 解题思路1. 【答案】 A【解析】本题的定位信息是Stella Bianchi, 答案来自第三段第一句Stella says, “I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for ‘disciplinin g her child’”. 意思是：Stella说：“我原以为她是过来是要道歉的，但是相反由于我“教育她的孩子”，她却冲我大喊大叫。
2008年12月大学英语四级真题A卷及答案解析
2008年12月大学英语四级真题A 卷及答案解析卷及答案解析Part I Writing (30minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. That‟s enough, kidsIt was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground. “I‟d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he‟d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ‟No, we don‟t push,” What happened next was unexpected.“The The boy‟s boy‟s mother mother ran ran ran toward toward toward me me me from from from across across across the the the park,” park,” park,” Stella Stella Stella says,” says,” says,” I I I thought thought thought she she she was was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”Getting Getting your your your own own own children children children to to to play play play nice nice nice is is is difficult difficult difficult enough. enough. enough. Dealing Dealing Dealing with with with other other other people‟s people‟s children has become a minefield. In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister‟s house it‟s encouraged. For her, it‟s about kids being kids:”If you can‟t do it at three, when can you do it?”Each Each of of of these these these philos philos philosophies ophies ophies is is valid valid and, and, and, it it it has has has to to to be be said, said, my my my son son son loves loves loves visiting visiting visiting his his his aunt‟s aunt‟s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That‟s OK between sisters sisters but but but becomes becomes becomes dangerous dangerous dangerous territory territory territory when when when you‟re you‟re you‟re talking talking talking to to to the the the children children children of of of friends friends friends or or acquaintances. “Kids Kids aren‟t aren‟t all all raised raised raised the the the same,” same,” same,” agrees agrees agrees Professor Professor Professor Naomi Naomi Naomi White White White of of of Monash Monash Monash University.” University.” But there is still an idea that they‟re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you‟re saying that my child isbehaving inappropriately, then that‟s somehow a criticism of me.”In In those those those circumstances, circumstances, circumstances, it‟s it‟s difficult difficult to to to know know know whether whether whether to to to approach approach approach the the the child child child directly directly directly or or or the the parent first. There are two schools of thought. “I ’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don ’t do that here ’ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.”He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too. This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they‟re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says. Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:”Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ‟I know you‟ll think I‟m silly but in my house I do n ’t want…‟”When it comes to situations where you‟re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don‟t go well, then have a chat.”There‟re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from an y adult, is no no longer longer longer appropriate. appropriate. appropriate. “A “A “A new new new set set set of of of considerations considerations considerations has has has come come come to to to the the the fore fore fore as as as part part part of of of the the the debate debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are are different different different now now now from from from wh wh when en en today‟s today‟s parents parents were were were growing growing growing up,” up,” up,” he he he says, says, says, “Adults “Adults “Adults are are are scared scared scared of of saying: ‟don‟t swear‟, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They‟re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out ? either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child. Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you‟re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perce ived to finish last.”“it‟s about about what what what I‟m I‟m doing doing and and and what what what I I I need,” need,” need,” Andrew Andrew Andrew Fuller Fuller Fuller says. says. says. ”the ”the ”the days days days when when when a a a kid kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, …you probably deserved it‟. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the sch ool to have a go at teachers.”This jumping to our children ’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells ”feeling feeling that that that surrounds surrounds surrounds our our our dealings dealings dealings with with with other other other people people ’s s children. children. children. Y Y ou know know that that that if if if you you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you ’re going to have to deal with the parent. it ’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good? “Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White White says. says. says. “I “I “I suspect suspect suspect that that that it‟s it‟s only certain certain sectors sectors sectors of of of the the the population population population doing doing doing the the the running running running to to to the the school ?better ?educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it ’s a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We ’re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi ’s intervention(干预) on her son ’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy ’s mother. As Bianchi approached the park bench whe re she‟d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesn‟t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people‟s kids. “look at kids that aren‟t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don‟t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2008年12月大学英语四级答案
2008年12月大学英语四级答案(A卷)答案提供：江涛英语四六级团队PART I WritingPART II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1.A2.D3.B4.A5.B6.B7.D8.challenged9.can be prounf of10.stay silentPART III ListeningComprehension11.D12.A13.C14.C15.D16.B17.A18.B19.A20.D21.D22.C23.B24.C25.A26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A36.trend37.phenomenon38.scene39.offences40.murder41.particularly42.explosion43.associated44.chaning national borders greater econmic growth and the lack of accepted soci al ideas of right and wrong45.are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America f or most of its history.46.failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime probl emsPART IV Reading Comprehension47. F/ desire48. K/ naturally49. H/ escape50. G/ diversity51. N/ respect52. I/ establishing53. B/ characters54. A/ abundant55. O/ widen56. M/ properly58.B59.A60.D61.B62.B63.D64.B65.A66.CPART V Cloze67.A68.D69.A70.B71.D72.C73.B74.C75.B76.D78.C79.D80.C81.B82.A83.D84.B85.C86.APART VI Translation87.they haven't got answers yet88.what most parents care89.in case that the weather get cold90.decided to start their own business91.till a doctor discoverd it accidentally 交大外院版:08年12月大学英语四级答案(A卷)快速阅读1. A2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. D8. challenged9. can be proud of10. stay silent听力11. D) She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12. D) A painter.13. C) Make inquires elsewhere.14. C) He has gained some weight lately.15. D) He doesn't like abstract paintings.16. B) She may have put her notebook amid the journals.17. A) She wants to get some sleep.18. B) His chance of getting the job is slim.19. A He can manage his time more flexible.20. D Searching its website.21. D To utilize its retired employee's resources.22 C See a piece of property.23. B It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.24. C It may now be big enough for raising corn.25. A Finances.26. A) To introduce the chief of the city' police force.27. D) He holds a master's degree in criminology.28. B) To get police officers closer to the local people.29. C) Effective.30. B) There are numerous languages in existence.31. C) It is something we are born with.32. D) How children learn to use language.33. B) She was an engineer.34. C) Adjusting them to different audiences.35. A) Whether spacemen carry weapons.36 trend37 phenomenon38 scene39 offenses40 murder41 particularly42 explosion43 associated44 changing national borders, greater economic growth, and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America f or most of its history46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime probl ems阅读47. F/ desire48. K/ naturally49. H/ escape50. G/ diversity51. N/ respect52. I/ establishing53. B/ characters54. A/ abundant55. O/ widen56. M/ properly57 A they are more likely to survive serious diseases today.58 B men don't seek medical care as often as women,59 D it would be a big misfortune.60 D unwillingness to find out about one's decease because of fear.61 B they will save money in the long run.62 B customer would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around th em.63 A new customer are bound to replace old ones.64 B won't have to trouble parking their cars.65 A manners of the salespeople66 C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly.完型67. A. among68. D. sponsor69. A. access70. B. less71. D. lack72. C. fees73. B. as74. A. maintain75. B. first76. D. when77. A. realized78. C. strongly79. D. led80. C. particular81. B. environment82. A. encouraging83. D. at84. B. how85. C. produce86. A. growing翻译87. to which they presently haven’t yet found any solutions88. What most parents are concerned about89. in case it gets cold90. decided to run their own businesses91. until a doctor found it by accident上海交大外院四六级专家团。
20082008年度12月四级真题
• pick up my son __指_责___我的儿子
• but instead she started shouted at me for ‘disciplining her child’ 管教她的孩子
• the children of friends or _ac_q_u_a_in_t_an_c_e_s_熟人
• preface your remarks with something like 以…… 为讲话的开场白
• When it comes to situation 当涉及到…… • Common sense must _pr_e_v_a_il__. 常识一定会奏效的。
• A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children. 走到前面来；引起注意
• He points out that bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. 他指出把这样的事先和孩子的父母说，可能会 让孩子们感到自己被忽略，这就会产生问题。
• e.g. As I look back, scenes of the past leap before my eyes. 追忆往事，历历在目
快速阅读选项中的核心词汇与词组
• come over to intervene 过来干预 • get into lots of trouble 陷入麻烦 • feel overwhelmed 感觉被击败了 • be reluctant to point out kids’ wrongdoings 不
2008年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2008年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用。
2. 使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题。
3. 限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义。
Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ________________正确答案：Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags There was a time when disposable plastic bags obtained great popularity among people on the rungs of social ladder, for they definitely brought convenience to people who went shopping at supermarkets or department stores. Yet, recently, there is a growing voice against the wide use of disposable plastic bags. The voice arises from several problems caused by such plastic bags. To begin with, as it is not easy to decompose, disposable plastic bags may pollute our environment for a relatively long time. Worse still, it poses tremendous harm to people’s health. In such a society with quick pace of life, it is not uncommon for people to have instant food wrapped in disposable plastic bags. Logically, people will absorb some poisonous chemical material while enjoying such convenience. Accordingly, owing to the above harms, it will benefit humans greatly, if we spare no effort to ban the use of disposable plastic bags. The threats from such plastic material will gradually and eventually vanish and perish. And the manufacturing of new substitute products of this kind of bags can also create more job opportunities and promote economy development positively.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.That’s enough, kids It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground. “I’dwatched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,”she says. “I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ‘No, we don’t push.’” What happened next was unexpected. “The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says. “I thought she was coming over to apologise, but instead she started shouting at me for ‘ disciplining her child’. All I did was let him know his behaviour was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield. In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s encouraged. For her it’s about kids being kids: “If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt’s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances. “Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University. “But there’s still an idea that they’re the property of the parents. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me.”In those circumstances, ifs difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought, “I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Trick).’ Kids. “Usually a quiet reminder that ‘we don’t do that here’is enough. Kids have finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings.”He points out that bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too. This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. “Raise your concerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,”she says. Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: “Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ‘I know you will think I’m silly but in my house I don’t want...’”When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, White is straightforward: “Common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well then have a chat.”There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “Now you can’t do it without feeling uneasy about it,”White says. Men might also feel uneasy about dealing with other people’s children. “Men feel nervous,” White says. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone. “The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,”he says. “Adults are scared of saying, ‘Don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They’re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out--either from older children, or their parents.”He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy(礼貌), and says that adults suffer from it as much as children. Meredith Fuller agrees. “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack ofsleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”“It’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. “The days when a kid came home from school and said, ‘I got into trouble’, and dad said, ‘You probably deserved it’, are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”This jumping to our children’s defence is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. It’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good? “Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,”White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school--better-educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”White believes our notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. “Today we have a situation where, in many families, both parents work, so the amount of time children get from parents has diminished,”she says. “Also, sometimes when we talk about being child-centred, it’s a way of talking about treating our children like commodities (商品). We’re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’s intervention(干预) on her son’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’s mother. As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s kids. “Look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,”he says. He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.2．What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?A．Make an apology.B．Come over to intervene.C．Discipline her own boy.D．Take her own boy away.正确答案：A解析：根据题干信息定位到文章第三段中Stella的话的后半部分：“I thought she was coming over to apologise”，题干中expect一词与原文的thought构成同义替换，故答案选[A]本题的难点在于定位。
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Part V Cloze
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true 67 children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and 68 sports programs and make sure that there is easy 69 to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are 70 likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often 71 the resources needed to pay for participation 72, equipment, and transportation to practices and games 73 their communities do not have resources to build and 74 sports fields and facilities.
Organized youth sports 75 appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed 76 some educators and developmental experts 77 that the behavior and character of children were 78 influenced by their social surrounding and everyday experiences. This 79 many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in 80 ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.
This belief that the social 81 influenced a person’s overall development was very 82 to people interested in progress and reform in the United States 83 the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about 84 they might control the experiences of children to 85 responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a 86 capitalist economy depended on the productivity of worker.
67. A. among B. within C. on D. towards
68. A. spread B. speed C. spur D. sponsor
69. A. access B. entrance C. chance D. route
70 A. little B. less C. more D. much
71. A. shrink B. tighten C. limit D. lack
72. A. bill B accounts C. fees D. fare
73. A. so B. as C. and D. but
74. A. maintain B. sustain C. contain D. entertain
75.A. last B. first C. later D. finally
76.A. before B. while C. until D. when
77.A. realized B. recalled C. expected D. exhibited
78.A. specifically B. excessively C. strongly D. exactly
79. A. moved B. conducted C. put D. led
80. A. precise B. precious C. particular D. peculiar
81.A. engagement B. environment C.s tate D. status
82.A. encouraging B. disappointing C. upsetting D. surprising
83.A. for B. with C. over D. at
84.A. what B. how C. whatever D. however
85.A. multiply B. manufacture C. produce D. provide
86.A. growing B. breeding C. raising D. flying
Part VI Translation
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on answer sheet 2
87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _that they haven’t found answers_to (他们至今还没有答案)
88.What most parents are concerned about (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.
89.You’d better take a sweater with you in case it turn(s) cold (以防天气变冷)
90.Throught the project, many people have received training and decided to start their own business (决定自己创业)
91.the anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor (直到一名医生偶然发现了它)
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