英译汉练习答案
英译汉练习答案
1.Scientists have developed glass fibres as thin as human hair which are designed to carry light signals. When the light reaches the other end, it is first changed into electrical signals, which are in turn converted into sound messages.
参考译文：科学家制造出像人头发一样粗细的玻璃纤维以用来传输光信号。当光达到另一端时，它先转变成电信号，电信号再转化成声音。
2.This plan was expected to eliminate the long lines at many service stations. Those who tried to purchase more than t wenty gallons of gas or tried to fill a more than half filled tank would be fined and possibly imprisoned.
参考译文：这一计划希望消除许多加油站前的长队。那些企图购买20加仑以上的汽油，或企图在油箱里的汽油还剩一半以上而再想加油的人将被处以罚款或监禁。
3.Officials at the school were concerned about the low attendance during the winter months. They felt that people didn’t attend then because the school did not have a good winter sports program.
参考译文：学校的主管人员对冬季几个月里上学人数减少感到忧虑。他们认为学生此时不上学是因为学校里没有吸引人的冬季运动项目。
4.To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As many languages a s one speaks, so many lives one liv es.”
参考译文：学习一种外语就是学习另一种文化。一位诗人兼哲学家曾经说过：“一个人能说多少种语言，他就能体验多少种生活。”
5.Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English maxim has it, seeing eye-eye.
参考译文：目光的接触在英语里是极为重要的。直接的目光接触可达到相互理解，或是像英语里一句格言所说的“心灵相通”
英译汉练习
1.Scientists have developed glass fibres as thin as human hair which are designed to carry light signals. When t he light reaches the other end, it is first changed into electrical signals, which are in turn converted into sound me ssages.
2.This plan was expected to eliminate the long lines at many service stations. Those who tried to purchase mor
e than twenty gallons o
f gas or tried to fill a more than half filled tank would be fined and possibly imprison
ed.
3.Officials at the school were concerned about the low attendance during the winter months. They felt that peop
le didn’t attend then because the school did not have a good winter sports program.
4.To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As many lan
guages as one speaks, so many lives one lives.”
5.Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English m
axim has it, seeing eye-eye.
作文练习（2）范文
Protection of Environment
Today the problem of environment has become more and more important. The world population is rising so qu ickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human li fe on earth will not survive.
Man has made great progress in environment protection. Governments of many countries have established law s to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop the environment pollution.
Still more measures should be taken to solve the problem. People should be further educated to realize th e importance of the problem, to use modern methods of birth control and learn to recycle our natural reso urces. We are sure that we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.
作文练习（1）范文
The Dictionary
The dictionary is a living teacher. Whenever you come across a new word, just consult it and you will get a clear defin ition. Every student, whether attending school or self-taught, should always have a dictionary at hand. As a study aid, it is convenient, inexpensive and all-knowing.
Skills will develop with your constant use of various dictionaries. The more you use them, the more familiar you will b ecome with them. Sooner or later, you will be quite skilled in finding the page, scanning the entries and locating the ex act meaning of the new words.
But you should have one thing in mind. As a language student, you should never depend too much on dictionaries. Basi c language skills do not come from dictionaries, but from your practice. Learn the language by listening, speaking, readi ng and writing more, and that is the only way to the mastery of a language.
作文练习（2）
题目：Protection of Environment
要求：请按照下面段首句完成文章写作：
1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more important.___________________________________ __________________
2.Man has made great progress in environment protection._________________________________________________ _
3. Still more measures should be taken to solve the problem._____________________________________________ ______
作文练习（1）
题目：The Dictionary
提纲：1.词典是学习外语的好助手
2.在使用中学会熟练应用词典
3.不过学习外语不能过分依靠词典
要求：1.按照提纲要求完成100字左右的作文
名词性从句练习的答案
Answers:
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. B
9. A 10.C
有关名词性从句的练习
关练习：
1. They lost their way in the forest, and ____makes matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. which
2. Much of ____he made great efforts to do has been successful.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. when
3. I cannot give you the information you asked for, for the simple reason ____I don’t know it myself.
A. because
B. that
C. why
D. which
4. ____doesn’t mean that he is greedy.
A. For the reason that a man is rich
B. The reason that a man is rich
C. Just because a man is rich
D. That a man is rich
5. All ____is a continuous supply of fuel oil.
A. what is needed
B. the thing needed
C. that is needed
D. for their needs
6. He said ____was not within his power to answer the question.
A. that
B. this
C. such
D. it
7. In the newspaper, we can learn ____is going on in the world.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. what
8. He doesn’t seem at all sorry for ____he has done.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. how
9. The fact ____shows that he was never really serious about coming.
A. that he didn’t appear
B. which he didn’t appear
C. he didn’t appear
D. for him not to appear
10. It’s no business of yours ____I spent my summer.
A. there
B. in which
C. where
D. any place
名词性从句
名词性从句包括本课特别出现的表语从句和主语从句，此外还有我们最早学习并最常见的宾语从句，另外同位语从句也是一个知识点。请同学们认真理解以下内容，我们会在后面的练习中进行讨论。
课文中的表语从句有That’s what war is really like.战争就是这个样子。
引起表语从句可以用that(有时可以省略), what, how, where, why, who, 例如：
The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们在生彼此的气。
That is where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。
课文中使用了一种主语从句：All that I hated was the war… all that 相当于what 我所恨的是战争…
主语从句分三个类型：
1． that 引导的主语从句
That you are coming to see me is the best news I have heard this long time. 你要来看我是好久以来我听到的最好的消息。2．由连接代词（副词）或whether引起的主语从句
How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是个问题。
3．由关系代词what, whatever, whoever, whichever引起的主语从句
What she said was perfectly true. 她讲得都是事实。
然而真正放在句首的这类从句比较少，因为主语太长会显得句子头重脚轻，所以绝大多数包含主句从句的句子都借助先行词it作为形式上的主语，而把主语从句放到句子后部去。这种先行主语后有四类常见结构，例如：
1． It +be+形容词+从句
It is strange that it hasn’t been noticed before. 很奇怪，以前没人注意到这一点。
2． It +be+名词+从句
It is a mystery how life began. 生命如何开始是个谜。
3． It +动词（+宾语或状语）+从句
It makes little difference whether we go or stay. 我们去还是留没有多大区别。
4． It +动词的被动语态+从句
It is said that there has been an earthquake in Japan. 据说日本发生了一次地震。
有很多名词后可以跟that引起的从句，说明其内容，称作同位语从句，例如：
They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。
There was little hope that they would survive. 他们幸存的希望很小。
Have you any proof that he is a thief? 你有没有证据证明他是小偷？
注意同位语从句与定语从句的区别，比较下面两个句子：
I have come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。
He has drawn the conclusion that is the most reasonable among ours. 他得出的结论是我们当中最合乎情理的。
请同学们讨论一下，哪一句中使用的是同位语从句，哪一句使用的是定语从句，并说明你的思路。
有计划有目标地进行复习
有计划有目标地进行复习
本学期的学习很快就要结束，可能已经有很多同学开始了对考试的准备工作。许多同学向老师诉苦说工作繁忙，学习时间紧张，此外，尽管用功苦学，仍没有很好的效果。针对此种情况，老师有以下建议供参考：
1．认真做模拟试题。这一点反复提到，大家也许会觉得自己已经做过了，不必再提。但是我们要求的不是只会做模拟题中的题，而是通过模拟题举一反三，做到在任何时候任何地方再出现相同知识点的考题，你都能应付。
2．说到知识点，同学们问到过什么是知识点，怎样去找。那么我们就说一说知识点。举个例子：
That building is said ( )in the earthquake in 1976.
A)be destroyed B)to be destroyed
C)to have been destroyed D)to have destroyed
本题中首先在谓语中使用了被动语态，但is said我们通常不翻译成“被说”，而是“据说”，其后，是不定式的用法，在这里不定式的句子成分是主语的补语，而不定式本身又使用了过去表达式to have done和被动式，因为building是被破坏，时间是过去in 1976，综合以上条件，答案是C。至此，同学们大概已经知道一道题中的知识点是什么了，在这里就是：被动语态，补语的用法，不定式及其过去表达式和被动式，此外你当然要明确destroy的基本含义和用法，起码了解它是及物动词，可以有被动式。然后，你该问一问自己，这几部分的语法都懂了吗，理解到了哪一个层次，如果感觉有点一知半解，立即去查阅资料，解决这一部分的问题，当然，如果查资料有困难，你可以通过BBS向老师求助，例如你可以说：请讲解有关不定式做补语的情况怎样识别和理解。老师会不遗余力地向你提供最有效的资料和思路，帮助你养成科学的思考和学习习惯，当然你的积极思考是先决条件。
3．背单词。许多同学反映背了很多单词，但考试还是不及格。问题出在背的方法和深度上。老师曾经提醒过大家，英语单词与汉语的字词之间不是一对一的关系，想要领会一个单词的含义，必须了解它的用法。关于这一点，老师建议大家学会用字典。对于有一定自学能力的成年人来说，字典是最好的老师。一本好一点的双解字典可以告诉你词的词性，相应的词义，用法的例句，固定搭配构成的短语或句型及其相应用法和例句等，而这也是你在背单词时必须了解的。之所以用双解字典，是因为英语的解释更能准确指示单词的意义。理解并会使用，这样才能算是掌握了，这样背会的单词不论出现在何处你都能应付。另外还要注意构词法在单词中的作用，要多多总结规律，做到事半功倍。
此外，一些同学提出自己的基础较差，该如何补。老师建议：不要低估了自己的理解力，基础语法是很容易理解的，初高中生不是就在学吗？你不妨也拿起他们的教科书自学，对过去的知识查缺补漏，以你的理解力，会比中学生学得更好，更有深度，结合你现在对大英（三）的学习，会让你对语法和词汇的理解更深入。功夫是要下的，但动脑筋总结规律，用心去发现适合自己的方法是非常必要的，要对自己的头脑有信心。
总之，苦功是要下的，希望大家安排好时间，有所收获。
从同学们所提的问题当中，老师发现as的用法仍然有好多同学一知半解，以下是老师总结的关于as 作为连词和关系代词引导从句的几种情况，同学们要仔细看，并尽量自己做出相关的练习。
1．引导时间状语从句
He stood up suddenly as she entered. 她进来时他一下子站了起来。
As I slept last night I dreamed a dream. 我昨晚睡觉时做了一个梦。
2．引导原因状语从句
As all the seats are full I have to stand aside.由于所有座位都有人，我只好在旁边站着。
As you are sorry, I will forgive you.既然你知道错了，我就原谅你。
as 与because不同之处是as的语气比较轻，常译成由于，或既然。
3．引导方式状语从句
She has changed it as you suggest.她按照你的建议作了改变。
I didn’t feel as you did.我没有你那种感觉。
As you know, I’m not good at singing.正如你所知道的，我不擅长唱歌。
当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，可以省略部分从句，例如：
He didn’t visit me as (he had) promised.他没有按他的诺言来看望我。
4．引导比较状语从句
Things are going on as smoothly as we could expect.事情进行得就像我们期望的那样顺利。
He was as sensitive as he was obstinate.他既敏感又固执。
同样，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，可以省略部分从句，例如：
He was as much interested in music as (he had)ever(been).他还是像过去那样对音乐感兴趣。
She is as clever as (she is)beautiful.她又聪明又漂亮。
5. 在让步状语从句中
在让步状语从句as用在倒装结构中，倒装之后置于句首的可以是从句的表语，状语或谓语，例如：
Much as he admired her looks and her manners, he had no wish to marry her.虽然他很欣赏她的外表和仪态，却无心跟她结婚。本句如用正常语序为：Although he admired her looks and manners very much, he had no wish to marry her. “much”是程度副词，作谓语动词的状语。
Stupid as it sounds, I was so in love with her that I believed her.尽管听起来很愚蠢，我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。正常语序为Although it sounds stupid, I was so………。stupid 是形容词，做表语。
Try as he might, he couldn’t lift the stone.不管他使多大劲，这块石头他也搬不起来。try 是谓语动词，Although he might try, ………
6. 作关系代词在定语从句中，同样，as的前面是先行词，as引导的定语从句修饰该先行词。
与such连用
Such women as knew Tom thought he was charming.那些认识汤姆的女人都认为他很迷人。
He is not such a fool as he looks.他并不像他看起来那么傻。
I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过他讲的这种故事。
有时可和such连在一起
There was a look of fear in her eyes, such as people have when they are suddenly awakened.她眼睛里有一种人们突然被唤醒时产生的恐惧表情。
和same连用
You must show my wife the same respect as you show me.你必须对我妻子表现出与对我同样的尊重。
I knew you felt just the same as I did.我知道你的感受和我一样。
引导非限制性定语从句
He is absent, as is often the case.他缺席了，他经常这样。
She was heartbroken, as could be judged from her eyes.她的心都碎了，这从她的眼睛里可以看出。
Michael, as might be expected, was coming to join us.麦克会来加入我们，这是可以预料到的。
全国翻译资格水平考试英译汉注意的问题
全国翻译资格（水平）考试英译汉方面应重视的问题 陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员 有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格（水平）考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。 一、数字 关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。 一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可；不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”；不能译为“五十百万”，或“50百万”。对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位；原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”；原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”；原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。 原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”；原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”；原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。 在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字；整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。例如：原文“quarter”，应译为“四分之一”；原文“three to four people”，则译为“三四人”；原文“Third World”，可译为“第三世界”；原文“several thousand people”，则
2020考研英语：英译汉真题练习1完整篇.doc
situations. 【参考译文】 ①玩视频游戏鼓励孩子的即刻满足。 ②连续数小时看带有预录笑声的电视节目，只会使孩子以消极的方式处理信息。 ③同时，长时间通过耳机听节奏单调的音乐鼓励孩子待在自己封闭的天地里，而不是去做其他的尝试。 ④所有这些行为会阻止重要的交流与思考技能的提高，并且使孩子很难发展持久的注意力，而这将是未来他们从事的众多工作所需要的。 ⑤他们应该知道如何处理挫折、压力和不称职感。 ⑥他们还应该学习如何解决问题和化解冲突，学习开动脑筋和批判性思维的方法。 ⑦家庭讨论可以帮助孩子练习，并且帮助他们将这些技能应用到日常生活当中。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助，但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧，希望大家在以后的复习过程中，能按照这种方法把真题吃透，学英语贵在积累，三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得，只要坚持下去，终有一天，你的英语会变得很不一样！
【参考译文】 ①想要申请攻读博士学位的每一个学生都应该阅读一下这本精妙的、睿智的小书：《思想的市场：美国大学的改革和抗拒》。 ②然后他们可能会决定另觅他路。 ③因为在美国大学里已经发生了某种奇妙的事情，哈佛大学英语教授Louis Menand敏锐地捕捉到了这一点。 ④他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等类似的学科。 ⑤这些都是要过时了的学科：现在美国大学的研究生中有22%的学生选择商务为自己的专业，与之相比只有2%的人主修历史专业，4%的学生主修英语专业。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助，但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧，希望大家在以后的复习过程中，能按照这种方法把真题吃透，学英语贵在积累，三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得，只要坚持下去，终有一天，你的英语会变得很不一样！
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】
英译汉常见问题汇总
英译汉常见问题汇总 英译汉，不论是在教学的过程中还是在实际翻译的过程当中，不少人只求译文的“忠实、通顺”而忽视译文的“雅”。那么，忠实通顺的译文是否就是地道的、自然的、合乎汉语习惯的译文呢?以下是小编给大家整理的英译汉常见问题汇总，希望可以帮到大家 1.结构不合理，句子不自然 (1) There will come a day when people the world over will live a happy life under the sun of socialism. 全世界人民在社会主义阳光下过幸福生活的一天是会到来的。 译文主语的定语长，使得整个句子头重脚轻。试译为：全世界人将在社会主义的阳光下过幸福的生活，这一天是一定会来到的。 (2)The sun, which had hidden all day，now came out in all its splendor. 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。 原文里的定语从句，是补叙性的，译成汉语，不一定放在被修饰名词之前。原文没有“又”这个意思，应去掉。试译为：太阳一整天都躲在云里，现在出来了，光芒四射。 (3)I had experienced oxygen and/or engine trouble. 我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或二者都出故障。 “我曾碰到过”，句子突然中止，好象无宾语，但实际上宾语却是很长的三个分句，这不合乎汉语表达习惯。可在“碰到过”后加上“这种现象”或将宾语提前。试译为：不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或者它们都出故障，这些我都碰到过。 (4)Captured documents which we have obtained from individuals who had been infiltrated through this corridor plus prisoner-of-war reports that we have obtained in recent months led us to believe that the volume of infiltration has expanded substantially. 我们从经由这个走廊进来的人身上缴获的文件，加上近几个月从战俘那里得到的口供，使人们相信，渗透的规模确实扩大了。
英译汉历年真题翻译
英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装置并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场“技术”对“天才”之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。
1995年真题参考译文 广泛用来帮助选拔、分类、委派或者提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育或心理测试最近在图书、杂志、日报甚至国会中成了攻击的目标。(71)把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这些测试的时候，批评家没有注意到错误在于那些不甚了解或者是不能胜任的使用者。测试本身只是工具，其特点是在具体条件下可以得到相当精确的测定。测试结果究竟是有价值、无意义或者有误导作用在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。 所有对未来表现有根据的预测都取决于对相关的过去表现的一些了解：学习成绩、研究能力、销售纪录或者任何合适的信息。(72)这些测试将在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。任何认真记分的人都知道，能获得的信息往往不全面，而且预测很容易出现错误。应该根据这种情况看待标准化测试。对于一个人的学识，他所掌握的技能或者他是哪种类型的人，标准化测试提供了快捷，而客观的获取信息的办法、和其他种类的信息一样，按这种方法获得的信息从质量上来讲也有其自身的长处和短处。(73)因此，在某一特定情况下，究竟是采用测试，(采用)其他种类的信息，或是两者兼用，取决于与相对效度有关的来自经验的证据，还取决于诸如费用和可获取性之类的因素。(74)一般来说，当所要测定的特征能够最为精确地界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。如果使用得当，测试提供一种快速获取有关许多人的可比性信息的方法，有时还会鉴别出潜力大、过去却未被承认的学生，但测试无法做到的事情也很多。(75)例如，这些测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公平现
英译汉试题库
英汉翻译 一、给下列的英译汉作出判断，正确在括号用T表示，错误用F表示。 1、I’d die first. 我宁愿先死。（F ） 2、Kill it please. 别干了，你！（T ） 3、I find it hard to get going in the morning. 我发现早上起来就懒得动。（T ） 4、The troops of the two countries are kept at arm’s length.两国军队相距很远。（T ） 5、He knew that Shanghai was the bastion of Far East imperialism. 他知道上海是远东帝国主义的堡垒。（ F ） 6、The importance of electronic computers cannot be over-estimated.电子计算机的重要性不能过高地估计。（F） 7、The importance of electronic computers cannot be over-estimated.电子计算机的重要性不能过高地估计。（F） 8、I don’t care about going. 我愿意（可以）去。（F ） 9、That’s the door. 门在那儿。（ F ） 10、Let the cat out of the bag. 露出马脚。（T） 11、If I want you I will ask for you .请不要插嘴。（T ） 12、If I want you I will ask for you .请不要插嘴。（T ） 13、I could not feel better. 我感觉很好。( T ) 14、I could not feel better. 我感觉很不好。( F ) 15、It leaves nothing to be desired. 这已完美无缺。（T ） 16、Mary is a girl of a boy.玛丽是个男孩式的女孩。（F ） 17、There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。（T ） 18、Domestic shame should not be made public.家丑不可外扬。（T ） 19、That’s too much for me. 那对我来说太多了。（ F ） 20、Keep it dark . 这事不可泄露出去。（T ）
《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】
第10章Division（拆译法） 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题：在哪里拆分，怎样拆分，新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么，以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words（拆译单词） It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中，如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来，就可以把该单词抽取出来，并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下： 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词； 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法，使译文流畅、通顺；
英译汉模拟试题30篇参考答案
英译汉模拟试题30篇参考答案 Passage 1 1.参考译文：尽管世界上3350万艾滋病病毒携带者/患者中的大多数人都生活在非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区"~每年还有另外400万人感染艾滋病病毒，但上周召开的非洲统一组织首脑会议的主要议题却仍是解决沖突和发展经济。 2.参考译文：然而这一流行病对于经济发展，或者更确切地说对于经济发展目前所缺乏的因素产生的影响比许多政治家想像的更大。 3.参考译文：南非大都市人寿保险公司保险统计员迪恩莫尔认为，管理人员在工作场所如何对待艾滋病将决定他们的公司在21世纪的头几年能否继续存在。 4.参考译文：在南非，因种族隔离我们有过失落的一代，新的失落的一代将是因艾滋病而变为孤儿的一代。 5.参考译文：津巴布韦薄弱的国民经济在很大程度上依赖于非正式企业和小型商业，而随着艾滋病夺去雇主和雇员的生命，许多企业都自身难保。 Passage 2 1.参考译文:申请基因专利的最大问题就是当科学家们对于基因编码的特定股起什么作用至少有一个大体想法时,它常常就只是大体上的。 2.参考译文：这些所谓的已表达的序列标签可能携带有真正的基因信息，但确定这些小块在什么地方及它们的结构是什么样子需要更多的挖掘探究。 3.参考译文：比确定如何申请基因组专利更令人烦恼的是一个更大的问题，任何人到底该不该对人类DNA提出专利要求。 4.参考译文：专利申请者的支持者坚持说，他们可以提出同样有说服力的理由，即进行基因组绘诗作的大型团体需要专利保护以使他们的工作对他们来说是值得的。 5.参考译文：这种论点不是立足于法律，而是立足于对做人意味着什么的理解上——这是一个连联邦最高法院都不太可能解决的问题。 Passage 3 1.参考译文：重商主义学说与制度之所以重要是因为它们被具有影响力的商人和政府首脑们信奉，而正是这些人强有力地影响着国家公共政策与制度的变革。 2.参考译文：如果促进国内产业发展所需的物资难以获得，则最好是通过建立殖民地或友好的国外商栈来进口。 3.参考译文：重商主义者认为，这些增强国力的手段可以由通过并严格执行规范经济生活的法规来实现。 4.参考译文：几乎在弗吉尼亚的烟草刚开始大批运往英国时，英王詹姆士一世便对此征税，同时同意禁止在英国竞争性地种植烟草。 5.参考译文：凡殖民地的贸易，其所用船只必须是英国制造和拥有，船长和至少3/4的船员也必须是英国人。 Passage 4 1.参考译文：网上的东西目前正毫无管制地进入人们的家中，世界各国得找出一种办法，通过某种国际条约或联合国行动，对此加以控制。 1
英汉翻译
求则得之 Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened. Matthew 7:7 你们祈求，就给你们；寻找，就能找到；叩门，就给你们开门。因为凡祈求的就得到，寻找的就寻见，叩门的就给他开门。《马太福音》7章7节。 教材： 杨士焯：《英汉翻译教程》A Textbook on English-Chinese Translation 北京大学出版社，2011年3月第二版定价：38.00 参考书目： 1.《英汉对比研究》，连淑能著,高等教育出版社，2003年版。 2.《英汉语篇翻译》，李运兴著，清华大学出版社，2003年版。 3.《当代翻译理论》，刘宓庆著，中国对外翻译出版公司，1999年版。 4.《翻译的基本知识》钱歌川著，世界图书出版公司北京公司，2011年版 5.《英译汉教程》，连淑能著，高等教育出版社，2006年版。 Evaluation: Attendance 10% Two assignments 20% (each accounting for 10%) Mid-tem: 30% Final: 40% 决定翻译质量的四大因素： 1.外语水平it is six of one, half a dozen of the other. It is a case of half bottle empty and half bottle full. We are not here to make up the number. 2.汉语水平it works only when it hurts. (良药苦口，忠言逆耳) 3.知识水平Council house (公房), directives（律令），affirmative action (优惠政 策) , George Orwell said in 1984 4.工作态度peasant, pheasant 学习能力（learning ability）：self-motivation, self-discipline, cultivation of learning habit, logical analysis, generalization, ability to learn something within a very short period of time. Niche market: （壁龛、局部、适当、特定高端、细分、缝隙、小众、尼基、利基等）Niche 是指关键性、独特性的核心技术（如创新设计，技术能力，行销通路，资料库，制造能力，品牌等）能让有所成就和发展。Niche market 则是指企业能针对特定的市场区隔，利用公司的关键性、独特性的核心技术，提供专业化的服务，且具有一定的市场占有率，成为公司主要获利来源的市场。 Robust (鲁棒) （臭名昭著的鲁棒，翻译这个词的人应该千刀万剐。到底是什么意思？鲁班做的棒子？鲁国出品的棒子？）
八级汉译英真题
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