动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别

动名词作主语和动词不定式做主语的区别?

动词不定式与动名词的区别：）to+V 放句首为动词不定式，用法与V+ing差不多，多用于后面所说的事情还没有发生。例：To be a author is my dream. V+ing 放句首是动名词，其相当于名词，例：Doing lots of exercise is good for health. 一般来讲，to+ v. 表主动，表将来，表一次行动作。-ing 表主动，表进行。动词不定式与动名词的一些用法：）不定式与动名词都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但用法不尽相同。1．作主语一般情况下,不定式与动名词作主语可以互换,也常常可以用it充当形式主语,而把不定式和动名词放在句子的后半部分。但二者也有区别,不定式常常指某次具体的、将要发生的行为;而动名词则表示一般的、抽象的行为。例如: To save money now is not easy. 现在攒钱不容易。Saving money is a good habit. 攒钱是个好习惯。2．作定语不定式多为后置定语,动名词多为前置定语;不定式多表示将来的动作,动名词只能表示事物的属性、用途等。例如: He is looking for a room to live in.他正在找一间房子去住。Take these sleeping pills and you\'ll sleep better. 吃了这种安眠药,你会睡得更好。3．作宾语：有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语,不能跟动名词作宾语;有些动词后常跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作宾语;有些动词后跟不定式和动名词作宾语皆可,

1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例

如：Collecting inform ation about children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：（1）It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do （2）It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do. 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun) doing. It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.另:1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minutes to finish the job.

Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点

1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如：

It is not easy to learn English well.

It is no use asking him for help.

2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如:

To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)

It is better to stay home than _A__ out.

A. to go

B. going

C. go

D. gone

Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点

1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如: _B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

A. The walk

B. Walking

C. To walk

D. Walk

2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如: It /There is no use crying over the split milk.

It /There is no help taking this medicine.

★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如:

There is no good for us to do that exercise.

3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如:

How to solve the problem is a hot potato.

Where to put the box seems hard to decide.

Whether to do it hasn’t been decided.

What to do next is up to you.