实验四

LAB 4 Cabling LANs and WANsPART 1 RepeatersObjective:∙Create a simulated network topology∙Apply IP addresses to workstations∙Be familiar with the function of a repeater∙Understand the Four Repeater Rule∙Test the simulated topologyStep 1Create the topology shown in the diagram in Packet Tracer. After connecting all the devices, assign each PC with a valid IP address and subnet mask. (You can use any IP addresses as long as they belong to the same network.)Step 2a) Click on the Simulation tab to start creating a scenario.b) Add a packet and click on source PC 0 and then click on destination PC 1. Add anotherpacket from PC 1 to PC 2.c) Click play to watch the simulation.d) Take note of the time it takes for each packet to reach its destination. (Having morerepeaters between workstations adds latency to the packets.)Step 3a) Click once on the arrow on the left of the play button to go back one second (Thenumber in the Time box should be “6”)b) Add a packet from PC 2 to PC 1.c) Click on the Topology tab. Remove a connection then add another repeater anywherebetween Switch 0 and PC 2. Re-connect the devices.d) Click on the Simulation and hit the play button to watch the simulation. (Latency resultsin collision.)PART 2 Repeaters and HubsInformation:1. This topology consists of 8 hosts along with 2 hubs and 1 repeater in the network.Tips:a) The Packet Tracer “i” located on the upper right of each page and device will giveinformation pertaining to that certain device or topology.b) In simulation, the “i” nex t to the scenario drop down list will give information about thespecific scenario.c) In simulation, clicking on the packets will show OSI layer information.Procedures:a) In the topology mode, add three (3) additional repeaters between the two (2) hubs.b) In simulation mode, create a new scenario.c) Send a packet from PC4 to PC0 and a packet from PC5 to PC1 at different times so that thepackets will not collide.d) Before running the simulation, click on the individual packets on PC4 and PC5 to review thepacket and OSI information. Next, run the simulation.e) After the first simulation, repeat step 3 except the packets does collide this time. Thenrepeat step 4.f) After the packets arrive to Hub1, click on the packet that leaves Hub1 and propagates toRepeater0.Questions:a) What is the purpose of a hub and repeater in this network?b) What type of medium is being used to connect the hosts to the hubs and the repeater to thehubs?c) How many collision domain(s) does this network contain?PART 3 WirelessInformation:1. This topology consists of a workstation, a laptop, a server, a printer, and an access point.The entire network is wireless.Tips:a) The Packet Tracer “i” located on the upper right of each page and device will giveinformation pertaining to that certain device or topology.b) In simulation, the “i” next to the scenario drop down list will give information about thespecific scenario.c) In simulation, clicking on the packets will show OSI layer information.Procedures:a) Review Scenario 2 in simulation mode.b) Take into consideration that the connected devices doesn’t have any idea that the collisionsare occurring.c) What if the devices continue sending packets to each other indefinitely? A simulation canbe seen by creating packets between the devices so that multiple collisions happen one after another. Think of the latency this type of situation creates.Questions:a) What types of signals are wireless connections capable of?b) In what ways are access points related or different compared to other networking devicessuch as hubs and switches?c) What security issue(s) arises when using wireless connectivity?d) In what situations does wireless connectivity have an advantage over wired and viceversa?PART 4 Bridges and SwitchesInformation:1. This topology consists of 14 hosts along with 4 switches and 2 bridges in the network.Tips:a) The Packet Tracer “i” located on the upper right of each page and device will giveinformation pertaining to that certain device or topology.b) In simulation, the “i” next to the scenario drop down li st will give information about thespecific scenario.c) In simulation, clicking on the packets will show OSI layer information.d) In simulation, clicking on the bridges and switches will load up the MAC address tables.Procedures:a) In the topology mode, Switch0’s Fast Ethernet port 6 is disabled. As a result, the linkbetween Switch0 and Bridge0 is down.b) Still in topology mode, click on Switch0 and then click on Fast Ethernet port 6. Enable theport by turning it on.c) Now go into simulation mode. As you may notice the link that was just enabled, has justdisabled itself. This effect is due to the loop that is created in the topology and the Spanning Tree Protocol prevents this loop from occurring.d) Send a packet from host Xc to host XX. Analyze the path the packet takes. Since the linkfrom Switch0 and Bridge0 is down to prevent a loop, Switch3 must send the packet to Bridge1 who sends it to Switch2, who then sends it to Switch0 and finally ending up at host XX.e) Now, in topology mode, remove two of the bridges and create a connection between theisolated network segments so that packets can be sent amongst them.Questions:a) What is the purpose of a bridge and switch in this topology?b) Which OSI layer(s) does a bridge and switch work on?c) What are the benefits of using bridges and switches compared to repeaters and hubs?d) How many collision domain(s) does this network contain?PART 5 Building a peer to peer networkObjective:∙Create a simple peer-to-peer network between two PCs∙Apply IP addresses to workstations∙Test connectivity in the simulated topologyStep 1a) Create the topology shown in the diagram in Packet Tracer.b) After connecting the devices, assign each PC with an IP address according to theinformation in the table below:Step 2e) Click on the Simulation tab to start creating a scenario.f) Add a packet from PC 0 to PC 1.g) Click play to test the connectivity between the PCs.Step 3a) Click on the topology tab.b) Click on PC 0 and set it to half duplex (default is on auto negotiate).c) Do the same for PC 1.d) Click on the Simulation tab.e) Add a packet from PC 1 to PC 0.f) Click play to watch the simulation.g) Note that collision occurs on a half duplex connection (data is transmitted in onedirection at a time) when two workstations send a signal at the same time.Step 3a) Click on the topology tab.b) Click on PC 0 and set it to full duplex.c) Do the same for PC 1.d) Click on the Simulation tab.e) Click play to watch the simulation.f) Note that collision does not occur on a full duplex connection (data is transmitted in twodirections simultaneously).PART 6 Building a hub-based networkObjective:∙Create a simple network with two PCs using a hub∙Apply IP addresses to workstations∙Test connectivity in the simulated topologyStep 1a) Create the topology shown in the diagram in Packet Tracer.b) After connecting the devices, assign each PC with an IP address according to theinformation in the table below:Step 2a) Click on the Simulation tab to start creating a scenario.b) Add a packet from PC 0 to PC 1.c) Click play to watch the simulation.Step 3a) Click on the topology tab.b) Add another PC and connect it to the hub. Assign it with an IP address of 192.168.1.3and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.c) Click on the simulation tab and click play to watch the simulation again. (Hubs don’t filtertraffic. They forward packets to each workstation that is connected to them.)d) Add a packet from PC 0 to PC 1 and PC 2 to PC 0.e) Click play to watch the simulation. (Since hubs don’t filter traffic, they permit collisions tooccur.)PART 7 Building a switch-based networkObjective:∙Create a simple network with two PCs using a switch∙Apply IP addresses to workstations∙Test connectivity in the simulated topologyStep 1a) Create the topology shown in the diagram in Packet Tracer.b) After connecting the devices, assign each PC with an IP address according to theinformation in the table below:Step 2a) Click on the Simulation tab to start creating a scenario.b) Add a packet from PC 0 to PC 1.c) Click play to watch the simulation.d) Click on the switch to view its MAC table. (PC 0 and PC 1’s MAC addresses are in thetable.)Step 3a) Click on the topology tab.b) Add another PC and connect it to the switch. Assign it with an IP address of 192.168.1.3and a subnet mask of255.255.255.0.c) Click on the simulation tab and click play to watch the simulation again. (Switcheschoose the port to which the destination device is connected. They forward a packetonly to its destination.)d) Click on the switch to view its MAC table again. PC 2’s M AC address is now in the table.A switch learns the addresses of the devices connected to it and automatically puts it inthe table.Step 4a) Add a packet from PC 0 to PC 1, PC 1 to PC 2 and PC 2 to PC 0.b) Click play to watch the simulation.c) Note that a coll ision doesn’t occur even though all the PCs sent packets at the sametime. This is because switches eliminate collisions by creating microsegments. PART 8 Connecting router LAN interfacesObjective:∙Identify different interfaces on a router∙Identify proper cables to connect the LAN devices.Step 1a) Create the topology shown in the diagram in Packet Tracer.b) Notice that the connections between the Router to PC and Router to Switch lookdifferent. Router to switch connections use a straight through cable while router to pcconnections use a crossover cable.c) Add a hub and connect it to the router. Router to hub connections also use a straightthrough cable.d) Add another PC and connect it to the hub. PC to hub connections also use a straightthrough cable.e) Add another router and connect it to Router 0. Router to router connections use a serialcable.f) Click on the router to look at the port interfaces. 0 and 1 are Ethernet ports, 2 and 3 areserial ports and 4 and 5 are fiber optic ports.。