土木工程给排水环境工程专业英语翻译题库

2.翻译句子：

Lesson 1.土木工程

Civil engineers in this field oversee the construction of a project from beginning to end.这一领域的工程师要监督一个项目从开始到结束的整个施工过程。

Those engaged in this area of civil engineering may plan and develop communities within a city, or entire cities.该领域的工程师从事规划小区或者一个完整的城市。

These civil engineers coordinate planning of public works along with private development. They evaluate the kinds of facilities needed, including streets and highways, public transportation systems, airports, port facilities, water-supply and wastewater-disposal systems, public buildings, parks, and recreational and other facilities to ensure social and economic as well as environmental well-being.规划工程师协调公共工程和私有设施的发展。他们评估各种设施的需求，包括街道和公路、公共运输系统，机场、港口、供水排水系统，公共建筑，公园、娱乐设施等，以保证社会、经济和环境的协调发展。

The civil engineer-manager combines technical knowledge with an ability to organize and coordinate worker power, materials, machinery, and money.管理工程师将技术和组织协调劳动力、材料、机械设备、资金的能力结合起来。

The civil engineer who chooses a teaching career usually teaches both graduate and undergraduate students in technical specialties.这一类土木工程师是指从事本科生和研究生专业教学的人们。

Lesson 2.环境工程

Environmental engineering is a branch of engineering that is concerned with pollution by the structures, machines, systems, and processes that are involved in human activities.环境工程是和结构、机械、系统，以及涉及到人类活动的过程所产生的污染有关的一个工程学的分支。

It is the task of the environmental engineer not only to design systems to assuage this pollution but also to educate people in protecting their surroundings from additional pollution.环境工程师的任务不仅是设计出一些系统来减轻这个污染，而且还要教育人们保护他们周围的环境免遭额外的污染。

In many cases, rivers, lakes, and oceans have become polluted from discharges of liquid wastes from residential, commercial, and industrial sources.在许多情况下，河流、湖泊和海洋已经被由住宅、商业、和工业源点排放的废液所污染。

Both physical-chemical and biological processes are used to remove from the liquid wastewater stream. 可以采用物理化学方法和生物学方法从废液中除去污染物。

It is this organic matter that causes a depletion of oxygen in rivers and lakes, with consequent anaerobic conditions leading to fish kills and noxious odors. 正是这种有机物会使江河湖泊中的氧气耗尽，形成导致鱼类死亡的厌氧环境并产生有害气体。

The physical-chemical and biological processes remove an abundance of the organic matter along with floatable scum and grease from the waste stream.物理化学方法和生物学方法消除了大量的有机物质连同来自废水中的漂浮的浮渣和油脂。

Chemical disinfection inactivates bacteria, viruses, and protozoa in the waste stream. 化学消毒可使废水中的细菌、病毒和原生动物钝化。

The impurities that run off the land during a storm mix with the sanitary wastes in the pipes, and the quantity of wastewater overtaxes the carrying capacity of the conduits；a portion of this mixture flows into the nearest body of water before it can reach the wastewater treatment facility.在暴雨期间，陆地上的杂质和管道中的生活污水混和在一起，废水的数量超过了管道的输送能力，混合物的一部分在到达废水处理设施前就流进了附近的水体。

Also of concern are discharges of organic chemical contaminants from industry or runoff from farm lands along the river contaminated by pesticides and herbicides. 还要关心的是工厂有机化学污染物的排放或沿河农田被杀虫剂和除草剂污染的水流。

The organic and inorganic solids that are removed from wastewater by the physical-chemical and biological processes must be dewatered, stabilized biologically or chemically, and then placed in a controlled landfill, burned or composted for return to the land. 通过物理化学和生物方法从废水中清除的有机和无机固体物质必须经过脱水和生物或化学稳定，然后置于一个受控的垃圾填埋场，燃烧或堆肥，再回到土地中。

They are barged or piped out to sea and then dumped into the water. 它们被用驳船或管道运出大海，然后倒进水里。

It is anticipated that this practice will be discontinued, and incineration for energy recovery along with composting for reuse on the land