2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破二：阅读理解专题之文章出处及文体类型题附答案
高考英语阅读理解之说明文解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解说明文答题方法1.文体概述说明文是用平实的语言客观地解说事物、阐明事理，给人以知识的文体。
它通过对实体事物(如仪器、产品、自然环境)的解说，或对抽象事理(如概念、原理、定律)的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、特征、构造、性能、种类、成因、功能等有所了解，或对事理的特点、来源、演变、异同等有所认识，从而获得有关的知识。
说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、内容提要、规则章程、解说词、科学小品等。
2.说明文题材题材涉及科技、社会和文化生活等各个领域。
如：介绍科学领域的最新成果、机器的制造过程、产品工艺流程或使用说明、工程项目的规划、社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物、生物的生存状况、自然或社会现象产生的原因和解决办法、人文地理知识等。
3.说明顺序时间顺序(如事物的发展变化)、空间顺序(如建筑结构)、逻辑顺序(如因果、现象与本质)。
4.说明方法为了把事物的本质特征说清楚，或者把事理阐述明白，常用下列说明方法：举例子、作比较、分类别、析因果、列数字、作诠释、打比方、下定义、列图表、作引用、作假设、对比说明相异、类比说明相似等。
5.结构特点1)总体叙述+细节或过程说明+概括评述；2)现象或变化+细节或原因阐述+引发的后果和相关启示。
6.语言特点高考英语阅读理解中的说明文多为科普知识方面的题材，文中常包含有结构复杂、句意深奥的长句难句。
因学术性强、抽象度高，解题的难度相对较大。
7.说明文阅读理解的特征英语说明文与其它文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即Who →What→When→Where→How→Why。
1) Who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）2) What：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）3) When和Where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）4) How：通过什么方式表现出来的？5) Why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？8.阅读方法阅读说明文的关键是：抓住说明对象的本质特征。
高考英语大题满分专题练习：专题2 阅读理解B (原卷版)
专题2 阅读理解B（原卷版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
[考点解析][明命题方式]1．We can infer from the (first/.../last) paragraph that...2．The passage/author implies/suggests that...3．It can be concluded from the passage that...4．The main purpose of the passage is...5．The writer uses the example of...to...6．Where can the passage be found?7．What's the author's attitude towards...?[解题捷径]解答推理判断题时一定要透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。
2023高考英语阅读理解文章出处
2023高考英语阅读理解文章出处一、文章出处介绍高考英语阅读理解文章通常来自英文原版书籍、杂志、报纸等。
这些文章通常由母语为英语的人编写，涉及各种主题和领域，包括社会科学、自然科学、历史、文化等。
为了帮助考生更好地准备高考英语阅读理解，本文将详细介绍2023年高考英语阅读理解文章出处，并提供一些备考建议。
二、2023年高考英语阅读理解文章出处1. The New York Times（纽约时报）The New York Times（纽约时报）是一家具有全球影响力的英文报纸，以政治、经济、文化等方面的报道为主。
该报纸的文章语言严谨、逻辑清晰，是高考英语阅读理解题目的重要来源之一。
在2023年的高考英语阅读理解中，有多篇选文出自该报纸。
2. The Wall Street Journal（华尔街日报）The Wall Street Journal（华尔街日报）是一家以财经报道为主的英文报纸，其文章内容具有较高的学术性和深度。
该报纸的文章语言简练、用词精准，是高考英语阅读理解题目的重要来源之一。
在2023年的高考英语阅读理解中，有多篇选文出自该报纸。
3. The Guardian（卫报）The Guardian（卫报）是一家具有全球影响力的英文报纸，以社会、政治、文化等方面的报道为主。
该报纸的文章内容丰富多样，语言具有一定的学术性和深度，是高考英语阅读理解题目的重要来源之一。
在2023年的高考英语阅读理解中，有多篇选文出自该报纸。
4. Time（时代周刊）Time（时代周刊）是一家具有全球影响力的英文杂志，以时事新闻、政治、文化等方面的报道为主。
该杂志的文章语言简洁明了、逻辑清晰，是高考英语阅读理解题目的重要来源之一。
在2023年的高考英语阅读理解中，有多篇选文出自该杂志。
5. Newsweek（新闻周刊）Newsweek（新闻周刊）是一家具有全球影响力的英文杂志，以时事新闻、政治、文化等方面的报道为主。
英语阅读理解6大题型,20个解题技巧,得高分就这么简单!
英语阅读理解6大题型，20个解题技巧，得高分就这么简单!在高考英语的复习备考中，阅读理解一直是很多同学迈不过去的坎儿，最终往往成为失分较多的题型。
如何做好阅读理解，做对阅读题？本期内容将从阅读理解常考的6个题型入手，帮助同学们分析题型、快速掌握做题技巧，真正做到有的放矢，提高做题正确率！阅读理解的设题类型主要分为基础题和深层理解题两类，其中主要包括细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、写作意图题以及观点态度题这6个题型。
类别1：基础题——细节理解题1.细节理解题细节理解题主要考查原文中的具体信息，用who，when，where，what，which，why，how many和how much等进行发问，考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节的理解能力。
解题原则:忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断。
解题方法：Step1：题干中选定关键词(定位词)Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3：结合信息区域上下文理解、比对Step4：排除干扰项，筛选得出答案技巧1：若针对举例子、人物言论出题，需要查找例子以及人物所说的句子前后的内容，然后与各选项逐一核对。
技巧2：在出现一些关键词,如however，but，moreover, therefore，thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折、递进、因果等关系。
技巧3：细节理解题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换。
技巧4：选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。
如: must,never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no，completely，none, 等。
但不是绝对，也有例外。
技巧5：注意选项中的副词、形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。
如:must, may, often，should, usually,might, most，more or less，likely，all, never, few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换,往往被忽视。
高考英语阅读文本类型及阅读理解答题技巧
高考英语阅读文体类型及阅读理解答题技巧一、英语阅读文体类型简析高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。
[1]、记叙文。
英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。
特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。
描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。
阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。
高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
[2]、议论文。
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。
首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。
议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。
因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。
一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。
还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。
把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有：1，总分式总---分；分----总；总----分---总；2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系；3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系；4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。
[3]、说明文。
英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。
常见的说明方法：1，定义与诠释说明；2，举例与引用说明；3，分类与图表说明；4，比较与比喻说明；5，分析与综合说明；就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征；弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明；并明白文章最后的说明结论。
高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破二：阅读理解专题之文章出处及文体类型题
专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题【设问形式】判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：1）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.2）Where would this passage most probably appear?3）The passage is most likely a part of______.4）Where does this text probably come from?5）What type of writing is this text?【考查方式】高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。
几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。
解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。
考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。
首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。
④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。
⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。
⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。
高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题技巧
高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题技巧从历年高考试题可以看出，推理判断题是英语阅读理解的常考题型之一，同时也是考生们失分较多的题。
这类题型考查对文章中隐含或深层的含义的理解能力，要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断。
下面让我们一起看看如何突破此类题型吧！【推理判断题的类型】1. 文章出处、来源以及读者对象推断对于这类题型考生可以从文章的格式以及内容出发，例如：（1）报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。
新闻的事实性、严肃性较强，文章风格严谨、客观，就某一事实评论时通常不会出现对某一观点很大的倾向性。
（2）广告：广告的格式特殊，容易辨认。
产品广告通常包括对物品的介绍、推广、价格等，招聘广告会包括对招聘人员的要求及职位描述。
（3）产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等。
（3）网站：通过文中online（在线）、web（网络）、website（网址）、click（点击）等字眼可轻松判断出文章源于网络。
因此，考生在平时的学习中需要留意不同文体的结构和语言特征，以便考试时能迅速识别正确答案。
【考例】（2022年新高考I卷，A篇）21. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A textbook.B. An exam paper.C. A course plan.D. An academic article.解析：根据文章标题Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature“文学导论课程评分规则”以及Essays (60%)下的“the grade for this course (本课程的成绩)”和Group Assignments (30%)下的“...Blackboard, our online learning and course management system (...Blackboard，在线学习和课程管理系统)”可推知，本文是对一个文学导论课程评分规则的详细介绍，应该是选自课程方案。
2020高考英语阅读之说明文解题技巧
北京高考英语阅读理解之说明文破解妙招【简要概述】最近五年，高考说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题；高科技领域的科研成果；人们比较关心的社会问题；人文方面的经典。
由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的。
说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事理，达到教人以知识的目的，在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序（如时间、空间、从现象到本质）进行说明。
说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确、文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。
阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特点等。
阅读理解试题的中要考点之一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。
说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度较大。
词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了4-5%。
不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇，例如，下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号（如破折号、冒号表示解释和说明）等。
命题方式考点一细节理解题说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。
命题区域都有其共同点：⑴在列举处命题，如用first(1y)、second(1y)、third(1y)finally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。
试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。
⑵在例证处命题，句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证，这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。
⑶在转折对比处命题，一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。
对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导，命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。
高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧之主旨大意题讲义
主旨大意题一、总体解题思路1、宏观上分清文章体裁（记叙文、科普类的说明文议论文）和捋清文章行文脉络二、记叙文：主旨一般在首段和尾段出现（扫读重点关注首尾段各段首尾句或第二句以及转折处句子）第1篇I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voiceand they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.and an addedsource(来源) ofAs a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]既然是记叙文一般就从首尾段找主旨I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]从首尾段提取主题词可以快速缩小选择范围提高准确率即微观上要抓住主题词那么主题词特征有以下几个●反复高频出现●绝大多数以名词为主动词和形容词为辅●出现时往往前有铺垫后有解释说明I和library 就是反复出现高频词并且说的就是I和library的关系优先排除A和B 都属于无中生有显然Young属于偷换概念只有D 和主题词切合并且逻辑关系是呼应的即I和library的关系第2篇Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume thatmore is more when it es to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the preholidays a good time to encourage young children to donate lessused things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about being a doctor)For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ballsimple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, pletely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.[ 2018全国III卷D ]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子（每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到）Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that提取首尾段首先排除A 和D 显然文中没有提及属于无中生有文中是帮助孩子学习而B的向孩子学习显然属于颠倒逻辑答案C就是直接来自首段尾句其实当文章自问自答或者提出了问题那么后面的回答就是文章的主题三、科普类文章：主旨一般与研究结果或专家建议观点紧密相关快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论第3篇We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.What's the problem? It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's challenging, or we think it's unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big advantages. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social munication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just municate with them."In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to look for an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their waiter reported higher positive (积极的) feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband." says Dunn. But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also."Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of belonging (归属感), a relationship with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners." he says [2018II卷D篇]通过每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找出观点结论性的词句We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.首段只是一个铺垫而第二段but转折词后面信息才是关键信息，Small talk是在文中反复出现的高频词文章结构属于总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释科普类文章的一大特点提出一个现象或问题再提出观点结论然后进行解释说明首先就可以排除A和C 那么B和D 那个和主旨更切合呢B和D结构相同都是of结构显然D文中并没有提到ways，而是反复在讲advantages第4篇We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.Oh Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land," said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. I could see them actually walking under the sea.' In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at highthere were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]显然首段的首句就是一种观点，第二句又用科学研究发现来进一步证实另外evolution及近义词是反复出现的高频词文章属于总分结构：总观点+分别解释这道题难在出题者对选项答案进行了巧妙化处理并没有直接使用文中的词句故意进行了变换增加了难度和迷惑性不过可以先使用排除法B选项skills文中并未提及属于无中生有，偏离文章主题D 选项中的字眼Best绝对化像这样的选项除非文中明确指出来了，否则带有绝对性字眼的选项不要选另外文中说的是better而非best C选项methods文中也未提到属于无中生有正面分析 A 选项关键词就是remodeled 进行拆分re再次ed过去分词表完成状态model 模式模型——再模型化——重构改型含义=evolution出题者为了增加难度往往把正确答案设定成原文词的同义词近义词或短语第5篇Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overing this very tiny big problem? lt's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager."There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?' Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers e and really do an inperson review, and..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hoursand..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）首段提出问题but转折之后的尾句才是关键信息而第二段首句直接给出观点回答问题，NASA HUNCH是反复出现的词典型的总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释提出问题解决问题解释说明其实有时候归纳出文章主旨并不难，而难在出题人在选项上故意设置陷阱迷惑我们，刁难大家让你误入歧途所以我们要紧紧抓住主旨去排除错误选项，选择正确选项本文主旨说的是NASA的HUNCH项目与high school classrooms之间关系HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 那么首先可以排除A和C 因为A只讲了NASA 而后面的the home 纯属无中生有而C选项Nature是属于偷换概念用于代替NASA显然不对另外文中也没有提及outdoor classroom那么D中虽然有HUNCH 但后面讲的是大学准入改革而HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. 说的是有影响并不是说HUNCH program就是准入改革风马牛不相及只有B选项提到了Space 与NASA有关对应后面还提到homework与high school classrooms 紧密相关对应B选项同时把space和homework联系起来与文中主旨NASA与high school classrooms联系是呼应的贴合的总结解主旨题要把明确文章体裁握住文章的行文脉络和结构从每段首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找主旨段主旨句主题词从而归纳出主旨还要紧扣主旨去选择和排除那么具有迷惑性的错误答案另外明确了文章了主旨对于读懂文章和做其他题型都有帮助毕竟主旨对全文和所有的题都有统摄作用作者不可能偏离主题去写文章出题者也不可能偏离主题去出题。
全攻略-高中英语阅读理解题型体裁解读、解题技巧及练习(附答案)
高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题(一）题型复习阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。
Ⅰ.事实细节题Ⅱ.猜测词义题学会”顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义3）通过因果关系猜测词义4）根据生活常识猜测词义5）根据同等关系猜测词义6）根据列举的事例猜测词义7）根据构词法知识猜测词义Ⅲ.推理判断题做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。
不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。
学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图,运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意,同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等).这类试题常以如下句式发问：①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage？②What’s the author's attitude（态度）towards.。
？③We can infer /learn from the passage that...Ⅳ.主旨大意题这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题.一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：1．确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic）标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容,点明文章主题。
它可以是单词,短语，也可以是句子。
要确定文章标题,首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。
高考英语阅读理解判断文章出处专项
高考英语阅读理解-判断文章出处专项一出处类型Newspaper 特点：1、首段或首句为新闻概括(时效性强)。
2、有特殊的文体标示（如Reuters）3、文章注重对事件起因、经过、结果、影响的表现，而往往不注重观点。
Magazine 特点：1、内容往往比新闻报刊的文章更为丰富，专题性更强，话题更具体2、语言比较轻松活泼、感情更为丰富，语言表述更具作者的主体意识。
Research特点：1、语言比较专业化，会有一些专业词汇（如Planetary orbit ）2、内容上严肃且精炼，常常出现专业的知识。
Textbook 特点：1、运用教化性的、劝服性的、描述性、说理讲解味浓的语言2、对阅读的对象的指向性非常明确Presentation（介绍、报告）特点：1、语言严肃认真，不带私人情绪2、对事实描述到位，有时会带有强有力的语气。
可靠的说理和论证。
3、对听取报告的对象同样具有指向性，而且Diary 特点：1、语言不正式，个人情绪浓厚2、内容上往往按时间顺序记述事件，且往往在文章后部抒发个人感受，或是文章行文夹叙夹议3、文体上具有自身特点（比如时间、天气）story 特点：1、语言或幽默诙谐或优美细腻2、内容上往往细致的表现情节的变化以及人物的内心（或动作、语言等等）3、通常喜欢用别有深意或是隽永的故事表达一个深刻的主题report 特点：（与presentation 很相似）1、语言严肃认真2、内容上往往包含数据或真实的事实依据、实际情况等等。
一般比presentation 更专业一些，前者往往翻译为汇报，后者译为报告）biograghy1 历史性较强，时间线索明显。
2 重大成就，事件。
二例题1 （第一段）When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation （报告）. Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; he is so the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for White House. His is an all-American story of success.47 The text is most likely to be found in a book about ----------- 。
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断--文章出处或读者对象题考查解读
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断--文章出处或读者对象题考查解读【题型解读】几乎所有话题都可能涉及文章出处、文章类别或读者对象题。
设问形式常有：(1)This passage would probably/most likely be found in .(2)The passage is probably taken from/out of .(3)Where does the text probably come from?(4)The passage is probably intended for .(5)What type of writing is this passage?解题技巧——内容细节巧判断1．看内容判出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper(2)推销介绍新产品→advertisement(3)文章中有click here等网络用语→website(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍→travel guide(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal/entertainment section(6)科普知识→science report(7)文化教育性的文章→education section2．利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement(3)活动介绍：notice/announcement(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science report/study report3．确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节判断读者对象。
例如：【真题感悟】中第27题，从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的各种水果，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。
专题复习阅读理解之记叙文课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa
over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. (2022新高考2卷 B篇) 4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?
记叙文命题方向2：词义猜测
1）根据上下文逻辑关系猜词
常见设问：The underlined word/phras2e）in根th据e ..同. p义ar词agr反ap义h m词e猜an词s ___.
The word “it/they” in the3）las根t s据en构ten词ce法re猜fer词s to______.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot, " Mr Titterton explained.
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
浅谈高考英语阅读理解题的题型及解题技巧
浅谈高考英语阅读理解题的题型及解题技巧在我国现行的高考英语试题中,阅读理解题占有举足轻重的地位。
该题不仅是整体上占总分比重最大的题型(约占26.7%,也是每小题分值最高的题型。
阅读理解题分数的高低直接决定着考生英语考试的成败。
为此,我们要对阅读理解题这个题型予以高度重视,并探讨与之相应的解题技巧。
纵观近十年的高考试卷,阅读理解题大致分为四种题型,即:事实细节题型、猜测词义题型、主旨大意题型和推理判断题型。
一、事实细节题型在高考阅读的四个题型中,该题型难度最小、得分率最高,所占比重也较大,但随着英语试题难度的加大,近几年得分率呈下降的趋势。
其常见的提问方式有以下几种: 1、针对文章的某一细节对具体内容提问,如:How was the fire put out according to the text?(NMET 1995We learn from the text that on 24 May (.(NMET19982、要求针对文章的某一细节进行正、误判断,如:Which of the following statements is true according to the text?(NMET ,北京 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to author's description of the disa ster in 2094?(上海3、要求针对文章的某一细节进行简单的计算,如:At a place where surface temperature is 15℃,how deep do you have to dig so as t o get a temperature of 75℃?(NMET 1994How long did the power failure last?(NMET 20004、要求针对文章的某一细节进行识图,如:Which of the following drawings shows the right way to get geothermal energy? (NMET l994Which of the four pictures below is the closest to the igloo hotel as descri bed in the text?(NMET 20015、要求针对文章的某一细节进行排序,如:Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the d iary?(NMET 1999Choose the right time order of the following events in Thomas's life.(北京从以上的提问方式我们可以看出,事实细节题型是针对文章某一细节进行提问,一般来说答案都可以在文中直接找到。
2023年高考英语阅读理解出处
2023年高考英语阅读理解出处一、文章来源与选择高考英语阅读理解的文章来源广泛，通常选自国际知名报刊、杂志、学术期刊以及官方网站等。
这些文章涉及的主题多样，包括科技、文化、社会、环境、教育、历史等各个方面。
在选择文章时，命题者会考虑到文章的语言难度、话题的普遍性以及是否符合高中生的认知水平。
二、具体来源分析国际知名报刊：如《纽约时报》、《泰晤士报》、《经济学人》等，这些报刊的文章通常具有全球视野，关注国际热点事件和趋势，语言规范且表达地道。
学术期刊：如《科学》、《自然》等，这些期刊的文章涉及前沿科技研究和学术成果，语言严谨，逻辑性强。
官方网站：如联合国、世界卫生组织等国际组织的官方网站，这些网站发布的文章通常涉及全球性问题，如环境保护、公共卫生等，语言准确且权威。
其他来源：还包括一些专门的英语教育网站和英语学习资源，这些资源专门为英语学习者设计，语言难度适中，适合高中生阅读。
三、文章特点与趋势话题多样性：高考英语阅读理解的文章涉及的话题非常广泛，包括日常生活、社会问题、科技进步等各个领域。
语言规范性：文章的语言规范，表达地道，符合英语国家的语言习惯和文化背景。
思维深度：文章不仅要求考生理解字面意思，还要求考生能够深入思考文章的主题和意义，理解作者的观点和态度。
时代性：文章通常与现实生活密切相关，反映时代特点和趋势，引导考生关注社会热点和全球性问题。
四、备考建议广泛阅读：考生应广泛阅读各类英文材料，包括新闻、杂志、小说等，提高自己的阅读能力和语感。
积累词汇：积累常用词汇和短语，特别是那些与日常生活和社会热点相关的词汇。
练习翻译：通过翻译练习，提高理解和表达能力，熟悉英语国家的语言表达习惯。
关注时事：关注国际和国内的时事新闻，了解社会热点和全球性问题，为阅读理解提供背景知识。
掌握技巧：掌握一些阅读理解的技巧和方法，如略读、寻读、预测、概括等，提高阅读速度和准确性。
五、总结高考英语阅读理解的文章来源广泛且多样性强，要求考生具备扎实的英语基础和广泛的知识面。
2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破二：阅读理解专题之文章出处及文体类型题(含答案)
专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题【设问形式】判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：1）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.2）Where would this passage most probably appear?3）The passage is most likely a part of______.4）Where does this text probably come from?5）What type of writing is this text?【考查方式】高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。
几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。
解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。
考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。
首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。
④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。
⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。
⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。
英语阅读题文章出处
英语阅读题文章出处（原创实用版）目录1.英语阅读的重要性2.阅读题的出处和类型3.如何提高英语阅读能力4.总结正文英语阅读的重要性英语阅读在学生的学习和生活中扮演着举足轻重的角色。
通过阅读英语文章，学生可以积累词汇、了解语法、拓宽知识面，并且能够培养良好的语感和阅读习惯。
此外，英语阅读也是各种考试中必不可少的一部分，如高考、大学英语四六级、考研、雅思和托福等。
因此，提高英语阅读能力对于学生来说至关重要。
阅读题的出处和类型英语阅读题的出处广泛，包括教材、参考书、杂志、报纸、网络文章等。
根据题目的设置方式，英语阅读题可以分为以下几种类型：1.事实细节题：要求学生从文章中找出具体的事实和细节信息，如人物、时间、地点、数字等。
2.推理判断题：要求学生根据文章的内容进行推理和判断，判断作者的观点、态度，或推测文章的深层含义等。
3.词汇理解题：要求学生理解生词或难词在文章中的意义，以及对词汇的同义替换能力。
4.主旨大意题：要求学生把握文章的主题和主要观点，理解文章的结构和脉络。
如何提高英语阅读能力要提高英语阅读能力，需要从以下几个方面着手：1.扩大词汇量：积累足够的词汇是提高阅读能力的基础。
可以通过背单词、记忆词组、学习同义词等方式来扩大词汇量。
2.加强语法学习：掌握英语语法规则有助于更好地理解文章的结构和意义。
3.培养阅读习惯：每天坚持阅读一定量的英语文章，可以提高阅读速度和理解能力。
4.学习阅读策略：学会使用略读、寻读等阅读策略，快速找到所需信息。
5.多做阅读练习：通过做英语阅读题来检验自己的阅读能力，分析错误原因，不断完善自己的阅读技巧。
总结英语阅读能力对于学生的学习和未来发展具有重要意义。
要提高英语阅读能力，需要从扩大词汇量、加强语法学习、培养阅读习惯、学习阅读策略和多做阅读练习等方面入手。
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专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题【设问形式】判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：1）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.2）Where would this passage most probably appear?3）The passage is most likely a part of______.4）Where does this text probably come from?5）What type of writing is this text?【考查方式】高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。
几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。
解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。
考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。
首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。
④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。
⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。
⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。
⑦传记(biography):历史性强，时间线索比较明显，往往包含重要事件。
⑧科幻小说(science fiction):内容多为对某些尚未出现或发现的科学发明等进行想象和预测。
⑨旅行指南(travel guide/guide book): 给旅游者提供一些旅游信息，介绍当地的一些好去处，如：餐馆、公园、旅游景点等⑩网站(website)内容广泛，文章常出现click等网络用语。
实战演练【例题】1. 2013 全国1 B篇They baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉)。
Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus - until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns；she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment,but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.63.Where does this text probably come from?A.Science fiction.B.Children’s literature.C.An advertisement.D.A science report.解析：文章主要讲通过研究人员的实验，来证明婴儿具备感知数量的能力。
根据题材内容判读符合研究报告的特点，所以选D【举一反三】AThere was a lot of news related to artificial intelligence, or AI, and machine learning. Among the stories were two dealing with direct competitions between humans and machines.In one competition, machines that used AI performed better than human beings in a high-level reading test. Two natural language processing tools beat human in the experiment. One of the tools was built by the American technology company Microsoft. The other was created by Chinese online seller Alibaba Group.In another competition, a computer took on humans in live, public debates. The event demonstrated howAI-powered computers are increasingly being developed to think and sound like humans. The organizer of the debates, U. S. technology company IBM, announced split results. It said a majority of those watching said they felt the machine had done more to improve their knowledge of the subject. But, the human got more praise for communicating their ideas.This year, we also explored the many ways AI and machine learning are now being used. For example, some U. S. judges use machine learning systems to help them decide when, and for how long, criminals should be jailed. The system uses computers to examine data from thousands of court cases.One fast-growing area of AI is facial recognition, which is increasingly being used for security purposes. Recently, Atlanta's Hartsfield-Jackson airport became the first in the U. s. to permit passengers to use facial recognition technology to get on flights. A Chinese company showed off an AI system it developed to recognize individuals by body shape and walking movements. The system is already being used by Chinese police in Beijing and Shanghai.In addition, machine learning was used during 2018 to predict results of the World Cup soccer competition. The technology also created artwork that sold for a large amount of money. And it is being used to help farmer save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. Other technology systems are being used to follow farm animals and wildlife to collect information on their activities.1. Why were the two competitions mentioned in the passage?A. To show how much better AI and machine learning are than humans.B. To prove AI and machine Learning got more praise for communication.C. To show how powerful AI and machine Learning are.D. To prove AI and machine learning have been used in the work of U. S. judges.2. What are facial and body recognition systems used for in the passage?A. Knowledge learning.B. Safety control.C. Office automation.D. Tracking survey.3. What can we infer from this passage?A. AI has been widely used in every person's daily life.B. Human can be replaced by AI in future completely.C. More attention is being paid to AI in every part of the world.D. More advanced Al is helping people in more and more areas.4. Where is the text probably from?A. A technology report.B. A natural science magazine.C. science fiction.D. A government document.A：【解析】这是一篇说明文。