2020版高考英语外研版一轮复习语言知识(课时作业 综合测试 课件 听力) (13)

必修5 Module 1 British and American EnglishⅠ.话题延读We do not usually think about how our language works. Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works. When we do study our language, though,we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.Words can mean so many different things. However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular. For example, the word“dog”can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream. It can also be used to discuss a neighbor’s dog. No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”.This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words. So, when you have a conversation with your neighbor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.The speaking situation also helps make language clearer. For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings. It can mean “a place where people keep money”,but it can also mean “the side of a river”.So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear. It could mean “I went to the side of the river” or it could mean “I went to the place where my money is kept”.However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”.The things that speakers say may not always be clear. Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning. Other times words may have many meanings. Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning. This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.1.The passage is mainly about .A.the best time and place to talk to othersB.how speaking situation helps language workC.what to say in difficult situationsD.how our language works2.According to the passage, we can safely say that .A.a speaking situation does not affect the meaning of wordsB.speaking is not very natural for most peopleC.a speaking situation is not importantD.people often do not consider how talking works3.By using the example of the word “dog”, the writer wants to show that .A.a word may need to be explained in a conversationB.a word may have different meaningsC.speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a wordD.the meaning of words is not particular4.According to the passage, we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to .A.the time and the place where the conversation happensB.the occupation of the person who uses the wordC.earlier or later parts of the conversationD.a reliable dictionary语篇解读:本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。

答案及剖析:1.B 主旨大意题。

本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用,故选B。

2.D 细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.”可知,选D。

3.C 推理判断题。

根据第二段的第一句话“First,the speaking situation helps make words more particular.”和下文的“For example”可知,下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话,故选C。

4.C 细节理解题。

根据第三段所讲,作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义,故选C。

Ⅱ.七选五(2018河北卓越联盟试题) Common-sense Safety Tips for Travelling AbroadWhen a holiday is just around the corner, you may be planning a trip abroad. But to enjoy a worry-free adventure abroad, you also should pay attention to the following common-sense safety tips for travelling abroad.1.Another reason to take only carry-on carriage besides avoiding baggage fees is that the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary. You should always have a free hand. Besides, you won’t be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.2.Lock it up.Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest. Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn’t offer a safe.3. If you don’t need all your cash and cards, don’t take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping. Also, leave your passport in the hotel. Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport plus a photo I.D.Why?4. If all of your identification is in it, imagine the trouble you have to go through to replace it all.Think and plan.Always keep in mind that, when you travel abroad, you are in a place you don’t know well and you can always be a target. Trust your senses.5. After your arrival, ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting, especially at night. And you should walk in well-lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country, if necessary.A.Travel light.B.Pay by credit card.C.Imagine having your bag stolen off a restaurant table.D.You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.E.Plus, dragging lots of luggage is a dead giveaway (一次彻底的暴露) that you aren’t a local resident.F.You should call ahead to be sure, especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.G.You are smart and mature, so if something or some situation doesn’t feel safe, it probably isn’t.答案:1—5 AEFCGⅢ.完形填空Most people are always complaining about having no time to accompany their children,but is it true?Two years ago,Shirley,a wife,mother and doctor,found herself worn out. She got up earlier,and went to bed later,just to meet everyday1 ,but lacked2 for the things that mattered most. She and her husband,a lawyer,began searching for ways to3 their lives.“We had to decide what was really4 ,”says Shirley. They knew they wanted more time to5 with their three-year-old son,to exercise and eat right,and to develop friendship. So the couple chose to live more simply, shopping with care for necessities and enjoying inexpensive6 such as reading,cooking and going to the park.Then Shirley 7 her job and began working part-time. She printed business cards that 8 “At your service,buy 9 a little time” and helped clients with personal tasks like shopping,paying bills and 10 parties.“I still work hard,but being able to control my hours makes a 11 ,”she says.“I can spare time to take my son to the 12 or play basketball with him. My stress and headaches are 13 .”Shirley and her husband are 14 alone in wanting to 15 and live a satisfying life. A survey found that 54 percent of parents say they have little time with their children,and 47 percent of married couples 16 that they lack time together. 17 does the time go?For most people, 18 and commuting take up most of the day. Simplifying means becoming 19 of the ways we use money;we have to gain 20 over life and have time for the pleasures.1.A.activities B.demands C.services D.exercises2.A.time B.strength C.money D.ability3.A.lead B.adapt C.simplify D.consider4.A.important B.interesting C.hard fortable5.A.study B.help C.meet D.play6.A.tasks B.places C.pleasures D.goods7.A.found B.received C.took D.quitted8.A.wrote B.read C.showed D.told B.yourself C.children D.herselfanizing B.attending C.having D.going11.A.life B.result C.differenceD.balance12.A.office B.hospital C.school D.park13.A.better B.gone C.strong D.obvious14.A.much too B.a bit C.far from D.more than15.A.slow down B.settle down C.take off D.keep pace16.A.expect B.doubt C.imagine plain17.A.How B.When C.Where D.Why18.A.working B.reading C.shopping D.travelling19.A.afraid B.aware C.proud D.sure20.A.value B.experience C.success D.control语篇解读:本文叙述了Shirley是如何从繁重的工作和家务中摆脱出来从而生活得更加从容和快乐的。