小学英语总复习(介词)

小学英语总复习

小学英语介词总结

介词（Preposition）

一、概述

介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。

二、常用介词的基本用法

at

①表示时间：I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。

②表示在某一具体地点：He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。

③表示动作的方向、目标：Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。

④用于某些固定搭配：at once 立刻、马上at last 最后

at the same time 同时at first 开始时

not at all 一点也不

about

①表示大约时间：I's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。

②表示地点；在……周围：Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。

③关于，对于：We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。

after

①在……之后：After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面：He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。

behind

①在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车

②比……晚，迟于：The train is behind time. 火车晚点了

by

①在……旁：He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。

②到……时候：We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。

③以……方式：I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。

④用于某些固定搭配：one by one 一个接一个by the way 顺便说一句

for

①为，给，替：I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。

②由于：Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。

③表示给（某人）用的：There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。in

①在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。

②在一段时间里：We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。

③用，以：What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说？

④在某一年份，季节，月份：in 2002, in spring, in January

⑤表示状态，服饰：Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。

⑥在……方面：He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。

⑦用于某些固定搭配：in front of 在……前面

in the end 最后

in time 及时

like

①像……样：He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。

②这样，那样：Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。

③怎样：What's the weather like? 天气怎样。

near

靠近，在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

of

①的（表示所属关系）：This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。

②……的（用于所有格）：He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量（与连词连用）：One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京

④想到，谈到：I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。

⑤用于某些固定搭配：of course 当然

because of 因为，由于

on

①在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。

I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。

③用于某些固定搭配：on duty 值日on time 准时

over

①在……正上方：There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及，穿过：There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过，不止：She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。

to

①到，往，向：He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。

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②表示时间、数量，

到……为止Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.

③向，对，给：Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。

under

What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？

with

①和，写：Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？

②表示伴随状态，带有：Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？

三、介词的固定搭配

1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用

at arrive at/in 到达

at first 起初；开始get off 下车

at last 最后help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事

at school 在上课，在上学ask for 请求

at the moment 此刻get up 起床

at home 在家；无拘束laugh at 嘲笑

at present 现在learn from 向……学习

at work 上班，在工作look after 照顾

at the same time 同时look for 寻找

think for 想到

on worry about 担心

on duty 值日listen to 听

on holiday 度假look at 看；注视

on time 准时talk about 交谈；谈

on the left/right 在左/右边wait for 等候；等

on the radio 在广播中thank for 为……而感谢

on foot 步行

on sale 出售；降价出售3)形容词和介词连用

on TV 在电视上播放be afraid of 害怕

on the phone 在电话中be careful with 小心；关心

on the way 在路上be interested in 对……感兴趣

be good at 善于

in be proud of 感到自豪

in all 总体be crazy about 酷爱

in class 在课堂上be late for 干某事迟到

in English 用英语be good for 对……有利

in short 总之4）其他

in a hurry 匆忙地by+交通工具in the end 最后by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…

in bed 躺在床上lots of/a lot of 许多，大量

in danger 在危险中at most 至多

in fact 事实上at least 至少

in time 及时地at once 立刻；马上

in a minute 立刻in order to 为了

1．用介词或副词填空

①He is good ________ swimming.

②Tom gets ________ at seven every morning.

③ ________ Sunday morning, he played football with his friends.

④What’s wrong ________ you?

There is something wrong ________ my back.

⑤He often helps me ________ my English.

⑥It’s time ________ breakfast.

⑦Can you sing a song ________ English?

⑧He looks ________ his father.

⑨Please listen ________ me carefully.

⑩It’s too cold. Don’t take ________ your coat.

I go to school ________ foot every day.

He sits ________ Tom and Mary.

I work ________ Monday ________ Friday.

He is ill, so he is staying ________ bed.

Don’t be late ________ this meeting.

2．介词填空

①Tony is ________ Canada.

②What is the name ________ the factory?

③Betty is English. What ________ you？

④Who’s the woman ________ the black dress？

⑤Where do you come ________?

⑥She looks ________ her father.

⑦Do the students stay ________ home ________ Saturday？

⑧My mother cut the cake ________ a knife .

⑨The meeting ended ________ 6 p.m.

⑩We’ll play football ________ class.

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