信息科学类专业英语(第二版)第9章

As will become clear in the following, NoC does not constitute an explicit new alternative for intrachip communication but is rather a concept which presents a unification of on-chip communication solutions. In this section, we will first briefly review the history of microchip technology that has led to a call for NoC-based designs. With our minds on intrachip communication, we will then look at a number of key issues of large-scale chip design and finally show how the NoC concept provides a viable solution space to the problems presently faced by chip designers.
Examples of such shifts are moving from room- to rack-level systems (LSI-1970s) and later from rack- to board-level systems (VLSI-1980s). Recent technological advances allowing multimillion transistor chips (currently well beyond 100M) have led to a similar paradigm shift from board to chip-level systems (ULSI-1990s). The scope of a single chip has changed accordingly as illustrated in Fig.1. In LSI systems, a chip was a component of a system module (e.g., a bitslice in a bitslice processor), in VLSI systems, a chip was a system-level module (e.g., a processor or a memory), and in ULSI systems, a chip constitutes an entire system (hence the term Systemon-Chip).
1.1 IntraSoC Communication The scaling of microchip technologies has lead to a doubling of available processing resources on a single chip every second year. Even though this is projected to slow down to a doubling every three years in the next few years for fixed chip sizes, the exponential trend is still in force. Though the evolution is continuous, the system level focus, or system scope, moves in steps. When a technology matures for a given implementation style, it leads to a paradigm shift.
Lesson 9 Survey of Research and Practices of Network-on-Chip
(第九课 片上网络的研究与实践综述)
Vocabulary(词汇) Important Sentences(重点句) Questions and Answers(问答) Problems(问题)
The scaling of microchip technologies has enabled large scale Systems-onChip (SoC). Network-on-Chip (NoC) research addresses global communication in SoC, involving (i) a move from computation-centric to communication-centric design and (ii) the implementation of scalable communication structures. This survey, we define the following abstractions: system, network adapter, network, and link to explain and structure the fundamental concepts. First, research relating to the actual network design is reviewed. Then system level design and modeling are discussed. We also evaluate performance analysis techniques. The research shows that NoC constitutes a unification of current trends of intrachip communication rather than an explicit new alternative.
1 Introduction Chip design has four distinct aspects: computation, memory,
communication, and I/O. As processing power has increased and data intensive applications have emerged, the challenge of the communication aspect in single-ch, has attracted increasing attention. This survey treats a prominent concept for communication in SoC known as Networkon-Chip (NoC).