高分子专业词汇
高分子专业英语词汇
propionaldehyde
propylaldehyde
九、 酮
Ketone
丙酮
Acetone
丁酮
Butanone
一十、 羧酸
Carboxylic acids
甲酸
Formic acid
乙酸
Acetic acid
丙酸
propionic acid
一十一酸乙酯
一、 烷烃
特征：-ane
甲烷
Methane
庚烷
Heptane
乙烷
Ethane
辛烷
Octane
丙烷
Propane
壬烷
Nonane
丁烷
Butane
癸烷
Decane
戊烷
Pentane
十一烷
Undecane
己烷
hexane
十二烷
dodecane
二、 基团
特征：-yl
甲基
Methyl
庚基
Heptyl
乙基
Ethyl
正
Normal，n-
normal hexane
异
Iso-
isopropyl alcohol
Example：
Butadiene
Polyethylene
poly(methyl methacrylate)
polyacrylamide
polytetrafluoroethylene
poly（ethylene glycol）
己醇
Hexyl alcohol
hexanol
五、 酰
甲酰基
Formyl
乙酰基
Acetyl
六、 酰胺 amide
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学新序码汉文名英文名注释1高分子macromolecule, polymer又称“大分子”。
2超高分子supra polymer3天然高分子natural polymer4无机高分子inorganic polymer5有机高分子organic polymer6无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8元素高分子element polymer9高聚物high polymer10聚合物Polymer11低聚物Oligomer曾用名“齐聚物”。
12二聚体Dimer13三聚体Trimer14调聚物telomer15预聚物prepolymer16均聚物homopolymer17无规聚合物random polymer18无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24规整聚合物regular polymer25非规整聚合物irregular polymer26无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer又称“等规聚合物”。
28间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer又称“间规聚合物”。
29杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer又称“异规聚合物”。
30有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
高分子词汇
加工类：加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt flow index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling; mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏合kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting 铸塑成型casting molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出co-extrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑co-extrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding, RIM 真空成型vacuum foaming无压成型zero pressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber, crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure, post vulcanization 自硫化bin cure自交联self crosslinking过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization 开始效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing, self-vulcanizing 焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干施法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion spinning喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成型spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺丝gel spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺丝gel spinning反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament, monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺co-spinning冷拉伸cold drawing, cold stretching 单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing, uniaxial elongation 双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded高分子模polymeric membraneH-模H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film(LB film) 半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cationic exchange membrane负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanization agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent, sulfur donor 硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂antip-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent防臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer, photostabilizer 光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲击改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier 粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent, thickener 阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent高物高化类：结构单元constitutional unit重复结构单元constitutional repeating unit 构型单元configurational unit立构重复单元stereorepeating unit立构规整度tacticity等规度isotacticity间同度syndiotacticity无规度atacticity嵌段block规整嵌段regular block非规整嵌段irregular block立构嵌段stereoblock有规立构嵌段isotactic block无规立构嵌段atactic block单体单元monomeric unit二单元组diad三单元组triad四单元组tetrad五单元组pentad无规线团random coil自由连接链freely-jointer chain自由旋转链freely-rotating chain蠕虫状链worm-like chain柔性链flexible chain链柔性chain flexibility刚性链rigid chain链刚性chain rigidity棒状链rodlike chain聚集aggregation聚集体aggregate凝聚、聚集coalescence链缠结chain entanglement凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement物理缠结physical entanglement拓扑缠结topological entanglement 凝聚相condensed phase凝聚态condensed state凝聚过程condensing process临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition受限链confined chain受限态confined state物理交联physical crosslinking统计线团statistical coil等效链equivalent chain统计链段statistical segment链段chain segment链构象chain conformation无规线团模型random coil model无规行走模型random walk model自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model卷曲构象coiled conformation高斯链Gaussian chain无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension扰动尺寸perturbed dimension热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 近程分子内相互作short-range intramolecular interaction 远程分子内相互作long-range intramolecular interaction 链间相互作用interchain interaction链间距interchain spacing长程有序long range order近程有序short range order回转半径radius of gyration末端间矢量end-to-end vector链末端chain end末端距end-to-end distance无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance 均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 伸直长度contour length相关长度persistence length主链；链骨架chain backbone支链branch chain链支化chain branching短支链short-chain branch长支链long-chain branch支化系数branching index支化密度branching density支化度degree of branching交联度degree of crosslinking网络network网络密度network density溶胀swelling平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling分子组装molecular assembly自组装self assembly微凝胶microgel 凝胶点gel point可逆凝胶reversible gel溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration组成非均一性constitutional heterogeneity, compositional heterogeneity摩尔质量平均molar mass average数均分子量number-average molecular weight 重均分子量weight-average molecular weight Z-均分子量Z-average molecular weight黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass表观分子量apparent molecular weight聚合度degree of polymerization动力学链长kinetic chain length单分散性monodispersity临界分子量critical molecular weight分子量分布molecular weight distribution多分散性指数polydispersity index平均聚合度average degree of polymerization 质量分布函数mass distribution function数量分布函数number distribution function重量分布函数weight distribution function舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-zimm distribution最概然分布most probable distribution对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 聚合物溶液polymer solution聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent 均方末端距mean square end to end distance 均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration 良溶剂good solvent不良溶剂poor solvent位力系数Virial coefficient排除体积excluded volume溶胀因子expansion factor溶胀度degree of swelling弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory哈金斯公式Huggins equation哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient溶度参数solubility parameter摩擦系数frictional coefficient流体力学体积hydrodynamically equivalent sphere 珠-棒模型bead-rod model棒-簧链模型ball-spring model流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence动态光散射dynamic light scattering小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium沉降系数sedimentation coefficient沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method 沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method 相对黏度relative viscosity相对黏度增量relative viscosity黏度比viscosity ratio黏数viscosity number[乌式]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer 毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer落球黏度计ball viscometer落球黏度ball viscosity本体黏度bulk viscosity比浓黏度reduced viscosity比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscosity number特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 黏度函数viscosity function零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity端基分析analysis of end group蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO 辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation折光指数增量refractive index increment瑞利比Rayleigh ratio超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio粒子散射函数particle scattering function粒子散射因子particle scattering factor齐姆图Zimm plot散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering解偏振作用depolarization分级fractionation沉淀分级precipitation fractionation萃取分级extraction fractionation色谱分级chromatographic fractionation柱分级column fractionation洗脱分级elution fractionation热分级thermal fractionation凝胶色谱法gel chromatography摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient elution chromatography分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit 洗脱体积elution volume普适标定universal calibration加宽函数spreading function链轴chain axis等同周期identity period链重复距离chain repeating distance 晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 几何等效geometrical equivalence螺旋链helix chain构型无序configurational disorder链取向无序chain orientational disorder构象无序conformational disorder锯齿链zigzag chain双螺旋double stranded helix分子链大尺度取向global chain orientation结晶聚合物crystalline polymer半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline高分子晶体polymer crystal高分子微晶polymer crystallite结晶度degree of crystallinity高分子同晶现象macromolecular isomorphosm 聚合物形态学morphology of polymer片晶lamella, lamellar crystal轴晶axialite树枝晶体dendrite纤维晶fibrous crystal串晶结构shish-kebab structure球晶spherulite折叠链folded chain链折叠chain folding折叠表面fold surface折叠面fold plane折叠微区fold domain相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model插线板模型switchboard model缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal球状链晶体globular-chain crystal长周期long period近程结构short-range structure远程结构long-range structure成核作用nucleation分子成核作用molecular nucleation阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation主结晶primary crystallization后期结晶secondary crystallization外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长epitaxial growth织构texture液晶态liquid crystal state溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal近晶中介相smectic mesophase近晶相smectic phase条带织构banded texture环带球晶ringed spherulite向列相nematic phase盘状相discotic phase解取向disorientation分聚segregation非晶相amorphous orientation非晶区amorphous orientation非晶态amorphous state非晶取向amorphous orientation链段运动segmental motion亚稳态metastable state相分离phase separation亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition微相miscibility界面相boundary phase相容性compatibility混溶性miscibility不相容性incompatibility不混溶性immiscibility增容作用compatibilization最低临界共溶温度lower critical solution temperature 最高临界共溶温度upper critical solution temperature 浓度猝灭concentration quenching激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy单轴取向uniaxial orientation双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation 取向度degree of orientation橡胶态rubber state玻璃态glassy state高弹态elastomeric state黏流态viscous flow state伸长elongation高弹形变high elastic deformation回缩性nerviness拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio泊松比Poisson’ ratio杨氏模量Young’s modulus本体模量bulk modulus剪切模量shear modulus法向应力normal stress剪切应力shear stress 剪切应变shear strain屈服yielding颈缩现象necking屈服应力yield stress屈服应变yield strain脆性断裂brittle fracture脆性开裂brittle cracking脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition脆化温度brittleness temperature延性破裂ductile fracture冲击强度impact strength拉伸强度tensile strength极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength抗撕强度tearing strength弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength 弯曲模量bending modulus弯曲应变bending strain弯曲应力bending stress收缩开裂shrinkage crack剪切强度shear strength剥离强度peeling strength疲劳强度fatigue strength挠曲deflection压缩强度compressive strength压缩永久变形compressive set压缩变形compressive deformation压痕硬度indentation hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness布氏硬度Brinell hardness抗刮性scrath resistance断裂力学fracture mechanics力学破坏mechanical failure应力强度因子stress intensity factor断裂伸长elongation at break屈服强度yield strength断裂韧性fracture toughness弹性形变elastic deformation弹性滞后elastic hysteresis弹性elasticity弹性模量modulus of elasticity弹性回复elastic recovery不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation裂缝crack银纹craze形变；变形deformation永久变形deformation set剩余变形residual deformation剩余伸长residual stretch回弹，回弹性resilience延迟形变retarded deformation延迟弹性retarded elasticity可逆形变reversible deformation应力开裂stress cracking应力-应变曲线stress strain curve拉伸应变stretch strain拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation热历史thermal history热收缩thermoshrinking牛辫分析torsional braid analysis应力致白stress whitening应变能strain energy应变张量strain tensor剩余应力residual stress应变硬化strain hardening应变软化strain softening电流变液electrorheological fluid假塑性pseudoplastic拉胀性auxiticity牛顿流体Newtonian fluid非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid宾汉流体Bingham fluid冷流cold flow牛顿剪切粘度Newtonian shear viscosity 剪切粘度shear viscosity表观剪切粘度apparent shear viscosity剪切变稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy塑性形变plastic deformation塑性流动plastic flow体积弛豫volume relaxation拉伸黏度extensional viscosity粘弹性viscoelasticity线性粘弹性linear viscoelasticity非线性粘弹性non-linear viscoelasticity蠕变creep弛豫relaxation弛豫模量relaxation modulus蠕变柔量creep compliance热畸变温度heat distortion temperature弛豫谱relaxation spectrum推迟时间谱retardation spectrum弛豫时间relaxation time推迟时间retardation time动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 动态粘弹性dynamic viscoelasticity热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve动态转变dynamic transition储能模量storage modulus 损耗模量loss modulus复数模量complex modulus复数柔量complex compliance动态黏度dynamic viscosity复数黏度complex viscosity复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time玻璃化转变glass transition玻璃化转变温度glass transition temperature次级弛豫secondary relaxation次级转变secondary transition次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 开尔文模型Kelvin model麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle 波尔兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle 平衡因子shift factorWLF公式WLF[Williams-Lendel-Ferry] equation 软化温度softening temperature平衡熔点equilibrium melting point物理老化physical aging光老化photo-aging热老化thermal aging热氧老化thermo-oxidative aging人工老化artificial aging加速老化accelerated aging计算机模拟computer simulation分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation蒙特卡洛模拟Monte Carlo simulation聚合反应类单体monomer官能度functionality平均官能度average functionality双官能单体bifunctional monomer三官能单体trifunctional monomer乙烯基单体vinyl monomer1,1-亚乙烯基单体/偏[二]取代乙烯单体vinylidene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体/1,2-二取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer双烯单体diene monomer极性单体polar monomer非极性单体non polar monomer共轭单体conjugated monomer非共轭单体non conjugated monomer活化单体activated monomer官能单体functional monomer大分子单体macromonomer环状单体cyclic monomer共聚单体co-monomer聚合反应polymerization均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应/齐聚反应oligomerization调聚反应telomerization自发聚合spontaneous polymerization预聚合prepolymerization后聚合post polymerization再聚合repolymerization铸塑聚合cast polymerization链式聚合chain polymerization烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization双烯聚合diene polymerization加成聚合addition polymerization自由基聚合free radical polymerization可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer氮氧调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization 自由基异构化聚free radical isomerization polymerization 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization无活性端聚合，死端聚合dead end polymerization光致聚合photo polymerization光引发聚合light initiated polymerization 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization 四中心聚合four center polymerization电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization 热聚合thermal polymerization电解聚合electrolytic polymerization等离子聚合plasma polymerization易位聚合metathesis polymerization开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization 精密聚合precision polymerization环化聚合cyclopolymerization拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization离子聚合ionic polymerization辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization正离子聚合/阳离子聚合cationic polymerization碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization, carbocationic polymerization假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization 假正离子活性聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization 负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization 负离子电化学聚anionic electrochemical polymerization 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization活性聚合living polymerization两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization 配位聚合coordination polymerization 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization 插入聚合insertion polymerization定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization对映体不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization 对映体对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization 消除聚合elimination polymerization 模板聚合matrix polymerization, template polymerization 插层聚合intercalation polymerization 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization 开环聚合ring opening polymerization 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization 不死的聚合immortal polymerization酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization聚合加成反应，逐步加成聚合polyaddition偶联聚合coupling polymerization序列聚合sequential polymerization闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization氧化聚合oxidative polymerization氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization逐步聚合step growth polymerization 缩聚反应condensation polymerization, polycondensation 酯交换聚合transesterification type polymerization 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚gaseous polymerization, gas phase polymerization 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization溶液聚合solution polymerization沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization悬浮聚合suspension polymerization反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 分散聚合dispersion polymerization反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization 种子聚合seeding polymerization乳液聚合emulsion polymerization 无乳化剂乳液聚emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization连续聚合continuous polymerization半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization原位聚合in situ polymerization均相缩聚homopolycondensation活化缩聚activated polycondensation熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation 固相缩聚solid phase polymerization体型缩聚three dimensional polymerization界面聚合interfacial polymerization界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization 引发剂initiator引发剂活性activity of initiator聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst自由基引发剂radical initiator偶氮引发剂azo type initiator2,2‘偶氮二异丁腈2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator 复合引发体系complex initiation system氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge transfer complex, CTC聚合加速极，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator光敏引发剂photoinitiator双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator, difunctional initiator三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator大分子引发剂macroinitiator引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter正离子催化剂cationic catalyst正离子引发剂cationic initiator负离子引发剂anionic initiator共引发剂coinitiator烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst后过渡金属催化剂late transiton metal catalyst 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO 氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic oxo alkoxides catalyst双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst桥基茂金属bridged metallocene限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 链引发chain initiation热引发thermal initiation染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation诱导期induction period引发剂效率initiator efficiency诱导分解induced decomposition再引发reinitiation链增长chain growth, chain propagation 增长链端propagating chain end活性种reactive species活性中心active center持续自由基persistent radical聚合最高温度ceiling temperature of polymerization 链终止chain termination双分子终止bimolecular termination单分子终止unimolecular termination初级自由基终止primary radical termination 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination 歧化终止disproportionation termination 偶合终止coupling termination自发终止spontaneous termination终止剂terminator假终止pseudotermination链终止剂chain terminating agent自发终止self termination自由基捕获剂radical scavenger旋转光闸法rotating sector method自由基寿命free radical lifetime凝胶效应gel effect自动加速效应autoacceleration effect链转移chain transfer链转移剂chain transfer agent尾咬转移backbiting transfer退化链转移degradation chain transfer加成断裂链转移addition fragmentation chain transfer 链转移常数chain transfer constant缓聚作用，延迟作用retardation阻聚作用inhibitor缓聚剂retarder缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent阻聚剂inhibitor封端end capping聚合动力学polymerization kinetics聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics聚合热heat of polymerization共聚合copolymerization二元共聚合binary copolymerization三元共聚合ternary copolymerization竟聚率reactivity ratio自由基共聚合radical copolymerization离子共聚合ionic copolymerization无规共聚合random copolymerization理想共聚合ideal copolymerization交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 恒组分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization嵌段共聚合black copolymerization开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 共聚合方程copolymerization equation共缩聚copolycondensation逐步共聚合step copolymerization 同种增长homopropagation自增长self propagation交叉增长cross propagation前末端基效应penultimate effect交叉终止cross terminate序列长度分布sequence length distribution 侧基反应reaction of pendant group 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender交联crosslinking化学交联chemical crosslinking自交联self crosslinking光交联photocrosslinking交联度degree of crosslinking硫化vulcanization固化curing硫化sulfur vulcanization促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking无规交联random crosslinking交联密度crosslinking density交联指数crosslinking index解聚depolymerization降解degradation链断裂chain breaking解聚酶depolymerase细菌降解bacterial degradation生物降解biodegradation化学降解chemical degradation辐射降解radiation degradation断裂降解chain scission degradation 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 无规降解random degradation水解降解hydrolytic degradation热降解thermal degradation热氧化降解thermal oxidative degradation 光降解photodegradation光氧化降解photo oxidative degradation 力化学降解mechanochemical degradation 接枝聚合graft polymerization活化接枝activation grafting接枝点grafting site链支化chain branching支化度degree of branching接枝效率efficiency of grafting接枝度grafting degree辐射诱导接枝radiation induced grafting 嵌段聚合block polymerization通用类：高分子macromolecule, polymer超高分子supra polymer天然高分子natural polymer无机高分子inorganic polymer有机高分子organic polymer无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer 金属有机聚合物organmetallic polymer元素高分子element polymer高聚物high polymer聚合物polymer低聚物oligmer二聚体dimmer三聚体trimmer调聚物telomere预聚物prepolymer均聚物homopolymer无规聚合物random polymer无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer规整聚合物regular polymer非规整聚合物irregular polymer无规立构聚合物atactic polymer合同立构聚合物isotactic polymer间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 苏型双全同立构聚合物threo-diisotactic polymer 苏型双间同立构聚合物threop-disyndiotactic polymer赤型双全同立构聚合物erythro-diisotactic polymer 赤型双间同立构聚合物erythro-disyndiotactic polymer 全同间同等量聚合物equitactic polymer共聚物copolymer二元共聚物binary copolymer三元共聚物terpolymer多元聚合物multipolymer序列共聚物sequential copolymer多层共聚物multilayer copolymer多相聚合物multiphase polymer统计共聚物statistical copolymer无规共聚物random copolymer交替共聚物alternating copolymer周期共聚物periodic copolymer梯度共聚物gradient copolymer 嵌段共聚物block copolymer递变嵌段共聚物tapered block copolymer两亲嵌段共聚物amphiphilic block copolymer二嵌段共聚物diblock copolymer三嵌段共聚物triblock copolymer多嵌段共聚物segmented copolymer杂聚物heteropolymer恒分共聚物azeotropic copolymer多组分共聚物multicomponent copolymer 单分散聚合物monodisperse polymer, uniform polymer 多分散性聚合polydisperse polymer, non-uniform polymer 高分子共混物polyblend, polymer blend 聚合物-聚合物配合物ploymerp-polymer complex 聚合物-金属配合物polymer-metal complex单股聚合物single-strand polymer双股聚合物double-strand polymer链型聚合物chain polymer碳链聚合物carbon chain polymer杂链聚合物heterochain polymer杂环高分子heterocyclic polymer大环聚合物macrocyclic polymer直链高分子straight chain polymer线型聚合物linear polymer体型聚合物three-dimensional polymer 活性高分子living polymer反应性聚合物reactive polymer极性聚合物polar polymer非极性聚合物non-polar polymer刚性链聚合物rigid chain polymer半柔性链聚合物semi-flexible chain polymer 柔性链聚合物flexible chain polymer刚帮高分子rigid rod polymer棒状高分子rodlike polymer刚-柔嵌段共聚物rod coil block copolymer树状高分子dendrimer, dendritic polymer刷状聚合物brush polymer线团状聚合物coiling type polymer花菜状聚合物cauliflower polymer螺旋形聚合物helical polymer锥形共聚物tapered copolymer梯形聚合物ladder polymer分段梯形聚合物step ladder polymer部分梯形聚合物partial ladder polymer碳环梯形聚合物carbocyclic ladder polymer 梳形聚合物comb polymer星形聚合物star polymer遥爪聚合物telechelic polymer支化聚合物branched polymer超支化聚合物hyperbranched polymer。
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加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt [flow] index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling，mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏和kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding，shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting铸塑成型cast molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出coextrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding，RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber，crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure，post vulcanization自硫[化] bin cure自交联self crosslinking ，self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始[硫化]效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing，self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液纺丝emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺[丝] gel spinning反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament，monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing，cold stretching 单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing，uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion 底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant 高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film （LB film）半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance 多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent，sulfur donor 硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent 增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer辅增塑剂coplasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent除臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer，photostabilizer 光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent，thickener阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent。
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注释 又称“大分子”。
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均聚物
17
无规聚合物
18
无规卷曲聚合物
19
头-头聚合物
20
头-尾聚合物
21
尾-尾聚合物
22
反式有规聚合物
23
顺式有规聚合物
24
规整聚合物
25
非规整聚合物
26
无规立构聚合物
27
全同立构聚合物
Oligomer Dimer Trimer telomer prepolymer homopolymer random polymer random coiling polymer head-to-head polymer head-to-tail polymer tail-to-tail polymer transtactic polymer cistactic polymer regular polymer irregular polymer atactic polymer isotactic polymer
曾用名“齐聚物”。 又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
amphiphilic block copolymer
diblock copolymer
高分子专业英语词汇材料
brush polymer coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应vinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体1,2-亚乙烯基单体，vinylene monomer81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应，oligomerization21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101 聚加成反应，polyaddition逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation 140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 281 无规降解random degradation282 水解降解hydrolytic degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization 229外延晶体生长，附生晶epitaxial growth体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal 233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilization260最低临界共溶(溶解)温lower critical solution temperature, LCST度261最高临界共溶(溶解)温upper critical solution temperature , UCST度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity 387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 395开尔文模型Kelvin model05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含:一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~)一高分子化学brｕｓh pｏlyｍerｃｏiｌing typｅpolｙmer二高分子反应齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应tｅlｏmeriｚaｔion２3 自发聚合spontaneｏus polymeｒizatｉｏn 24 预聚合prepolymｅrizatiｏn２5 后聚合pｏsｔpolｙmerizａｔion26 再聚合repoｌymerizatｉｏn27 铸塑聚合，浇铸聚合cast polymｅrization２8 链［式]聚合ｃhain poｌymeｒizaｔiｏn29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polｙmerizaｔiｏn3０双烯[类］聚合ｄiｅnｅｐolｙｍerizatiｏn31 加[成］聚［合］ａdditioｎpolyｍeriｚaｔion32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) ｆｒｅｅｒadicalｐolymerｉzaｔｉon，ｒadical polymｅrizaｔiｏｎ3３控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合contｒｏlled rａdiｃal polｙｍerizatｉon，ＣRP３4 活性自由基聚合liｖing radicａl ｐolymｅｒizａtion35 原子转移自由基聚合ａtom traｎsfｅr ｒaｄical polymｅｒizatiｏn,AＴＲP３6 反向原子转移自由基聚合ｒｅｖerse atom trａｎsfer ｒａｄicａlpolymeriｚａtion，ＲATRP37 可逆加成断裂链转移rｅvｅrsiｂle additiｏn fragmentatiｏｎcｈａintｒaｎｓｆｅr，RAＦT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nｉtroxide ｍediaｔeｄpolymeｒｉzatiｏｎ３9 稳定自由基聚合stable freｅrａｄicａｌpｏｌｙmeｒiｚａtiｏn，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isoｍerｉzatｉon pｏlymerization４1 自由基开环聚合ｒadicaｌrｉｎｇopeｎiｎｇpｏlymerｉｚatｉon42 氧化还原聚合redox pｏlyｍerｉzatiｏn43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dｅaｄeｎd pｏlymｅｒizａtｉoｎ44 光［致]聚合photo polymeriｚation45 光引发聚合ｌｉghtｉnitiateｄpolyｍｅrizatioｎ4６光敏聚合ｐhotoseｎｓｉtiｚeｄpolyｍerizaｔｉon ４7 四中心聚合fouｒｃeｎter polymerizatiｏn４８电荷转移聚合cｈarｇe trａnsfｅr polymｅrizaｔion４９辐射引发聚合radｉａｔｉon ｉｎitｉaｔed polymeｒizａtiｏn5０热聚合ｔhermal pｏlymerｉzatｉon5１电解聚合ｅlｅctrｏlytｉc polymerizaｔion5２等离子体聚合ｐlasmａpolyｍerizaｔion53 易位聚合ｍetａthｅｓｉs pｏｌymeｒｉzａtiｏn５4 开环易位聚合ring ｏpeniｎg metathｅsｉｓpｏlｙmerｉzatiｏn,ROＭP5５精密聚合prｅcision pｏｌｙmerｉzation５6 环化聚合cycloｐolｙmeｒｉｚation５7 拓扑化学聚合topochemical ｐｏｌｙmerization58 平衡聚合ｅｑuilibｒium polｙmerizaｔｉon59 离子［型］聚合ionic ｐolｙmｅrｉｚatiｏn60 辐射离子聚合raｄｉaｔｉｏn ion pｏlｙmeｒizaｔioｎ6１离子对聚合ｉoｎpaｉｒｐolymerizaｔioｎ62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合ｃationic poｌyｍerｉzaｔion63 碳正离子聚合cａrbenｉum ｉoｎpolymｅrization,carbocａｔｉｏnｉc pｏlyｍeｒizatｉoｎ６4 假正离子聚合ｐsｅudo ｃaｔionｉｃpｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ65 假正离子活［性]聚合pｓeｕｄｏcatｉoniｃliｖinｇｐolymｅriｚatiｏn６6 活性正离子聚合lｉviｎｇｃationic pｏｌymerｉｚatｉon 6７负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anｉoniｃpolymeｒｉzaｔion68 碳负离子聚合carbanｉonic ｐｏlymerization69 活性负离子聚合living ａniｏnic polymerｉｚation70 负离子环化聚合ａｎiｏnic cycｌopolymｅrizａtion71 负离子电化学聚合ａnionic ｅlectrocheｍical polymeriｚatｉｏｎ７2 负离子异构化聚合anｉoｎiｃisｏmerizaｔｉoｎｐoｌymeｒiｚation７3 烯丙基聚合allylic ｐｏlymeｒiｚａtion74 活[性］聚合lｉving poｌyｍeｒizａｔion75 两性离子聚合ｚｗｉttｅｒion polymeｒizatｉｏn76 齐格勒－纳塔聚合Zieｇler Ｎａｔｔa polyｍｅrｉzatｉon 7７配位聚合coorｄiｎaｔion polｙmerizａtｉｏn78 配位离子聚合coorｄiｎaｔed ioｎic ｐoｌｙmeｒiｚａtion79 配位负离子聚合coorｄinated ａnionic polｙmｅｒiｚaｔion80 配位正离子聚合coorｄinaｔeｄｃatｉoｎic polyｍerizatiｏn81 插入聚合insｅrｔｉon polyｍeｒizatiｏn82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stｅreorｅgularｐｏlymerizａｔｉoｎ, st ｅreｏspｅcific poｌｙmｅrizatiｏｎ8３有规立构聚合tactｉc pｏｌymeｒiｚatiｏn84 全同立构聚合isｏspeｃｉfｉc poｌymeriｚａｔｉoｎ８5 不对称诱导聚合asymｍetric inductｉoｎpｏlｙmｅrizａtion86 不对称选择性聚合ａsymmetric ｓeｌecｔive ｐolymerizａtｉｏn87 不对称立体选择性聚合aｓyｍｍeｔriｃsterｅｏｓelectivｅpoｌymerization８８对映［体]不对称聚合enanｔｉoasymｍeｔｒic pｏｌymerizａtｉon89 对映[体]对称聚合ｅｎaｎtiｏsｙmmｅｔric poｌymerizａtｉon90 异构化聚合ｉsomｅrizatiｏｎｐolymerizatiｏｎ91 氢转移聚合hydrogeｎtransfer polｙmeｒizatｉon９2 基团转移聚合gｒoup ｔrａnsfｅｒpolymerｉｚation,ＧＴP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization９4 模板聚合matrix pｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ,temｐｌaｔepoｌymｅrizａtion９５插层聚合inteｒcalａｔiｏn ｐolymeｒizａtioｎ９6 无催化聚合uncatalyｚed pｏlymeriｚatｉon97 开环聚合rｉｎg oｐｅｎingｐｏlymerｉzatｉon98 活性开环聚合liviｎg ring openingｐolymerization99 不死的聚合imｍortal ｐｏlymｅrizａtion100 酶聚合作用ｅnzymatic poｌymｅｒｉｚａtion 101聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合(曾用名)ｐolyａdditioｎ102 偶联聚合couplｉngｐｏlｙｍerizａtｉｏn１03 序列聚合seｑueｎtial pｏlｙmｅrｉzation１０4 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flaｓｈpolymerizatioｎ105 氧化聚合oxidative polymeriｚaｔiｏn106 氧化偶联聚合oxidaｔive couplinｇｐolｙmｅriｚatｉｏn １0７逐步［增长］聚合step gｒｏwth polｙmerizａtｉon108缩聚反应condｅｎsation pｏlymerizatｉon，polycoｎdｅnsatｉon109 酯交换型聚合transeｓtｅrｉfｉcaｔion tｙpe pｏlymeｒizaｔioｎ,ｅsｔer excｈangｅpolyｃondｅnｓation110 自催化缩聚auｔoｃataｌytｉc ｐoｌｙcondeｎsａｔion111 均相聚合ｈomogeneoｕs ｐoｌｙmerizatｉon112 非均相聚合hｅterｏｇeneoｕs poｌymeｒｉzaｔｉｏn 113 相转化聚合phase inversiｏｎpolyｍｅｒizatｉoｎ11４本体聚合bulk ｐolymeriｚatiｏn, maｓｓpｏlymｅrｉzaｔiｏｎ1１5 固相聚合solｉd pｈaｓe pｏlymerizaｔion 11６气相聚合gaseous pｏｌｙmerizaｔion，gas phase pｏlymeｒizatｉｏn11７吸附聚合adsorｐtion polｙmｅrizａtiｏｎ118 溶液聚合sｏlｕtｉon polyｍerizａｔion119 沉淀聚合pｒecipitation poｌymｅrizatioｎ120 淤浆聚合slurry polｙｍerizatｉon1２1 悬浮聚合suｓpｅnｓion ｐolymerizatioｎ12２反相悬浮聚合reｖｅrsed pｈasｅsuｓｐension polｙmｅrization123 珠状聚合bead polymerizatｉoｎ, ｐeａrl polｙmeｒiｚaｔiｏn124 分散聚合dｉsｐersioｎｐolｙｍerｉzａtｉon125 反相分散聚合ｉnverse diｓpersｉoｎｐolymeriｚａｔｉｏｎ126 种子聚合seeｄｉｎｇpolymｅｒizaｔｉon 127 乳液聚合emｕlsｉｏn polyｍerizaｔion128 无乳化剂乳液聚合eｍｕｌsifｉer fｒee ｅｍulｓion polyｍerｉzation129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulｓion ｐolｙｍerizａｔｉon 13０微乳液聚合ｍicrｏeｍulｓiｏn ｐoｌｙmerizａtion 131 连续聚合conｔinuous ｐolymｅrizaｔｉon１32 半连续聚合ｓeｍｉcoｎtinuｏus polymerｉｚation 1３３分批聚合,间歇聚合batcｈpoｌymｅｒizatｉｏn13４原位聚合in situ pｏｌｙmerizaｔｉｏn135 均相缩聚ｈomopolycｏndensaｔioｎ136 活化缩聚activated poｌyconｄeｎsａtion１37 熔融缩聚melt phase ｐolｙｃondｅnsaｔion1３8 固相缩聚solｉd phaｓe polycondensaｔｉｏn１３９体型缩聚three dｉmｅnｓｉonal ｐolｙｃondｅnsation140 界面聚合iｎterfacial polymeｒization1４1 界面缩聚intｅrfａcial pｏlycｏndensａtｉon１4２环加成聚合cｙcloaｄｄition ｐolｙmeriｚatｉoｎ14３环烯聚合cｙclｏalｋeneｐｏlymeriｚａtioｎ144 环硅氧烷聚合cyｃｌoｓilｏxａｎe polymeriｚation 14５引发剂ｉnｉｔiatｏr146 引发剂活性acｔivity of iniｔiatoｒ147 聚合催化剂ｐｏlymｅrization catalysｔ14８自由基引发剂radiｃal iｎitiatoｒ１４9 偶氮［类]引发剂azo typｅiｎiｔiaｔoｒ15０2,2′偶氮二异丁腈２，2＇-ａzｏbｉｓiｓobutyｒoｎiｔriｌｅ, ＡIBN1５1 过氧化苯甲酰benzｏyl perｏxｉdｅ,ＢPＯ１52 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate inｉtiａtor1５3 复合引发体系complｅｘinitiatｉon syｓteｍ1５4 氧化还原引发剂redｏx ｉnｉtiaｔor155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge ｔransfer coｍplex，CTＣ1５６聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂pｏlyｍeｒｉzatｉon aｃｃeleｒator 15７光敏引发剂photoiｎiｔｉaｔor158 双官能引发剂bifunctionａｌiniｔiaｔor, ｄifuｎctｉｏnaｌinitiaｔｏr159 三官能引发剂trｉfunｃｔionａl initiａtor１60 大分子引发剂maｃｒoｉnitiatｏr1６1 引发－转移剂initiatoｒｔｒansfer ａgent, iniｆer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiａtor ｔｒansfer ageｎt terminaｔｏｒ，ｉｎifeｒter163 光引发转移终止剂ｐhｏtoiｎifertｅｒ164 热引发转移终止剂thｅrｍoinifｅrter16５正离子催化剂caｔｉonｉc catａlｙst166 正离子引发剂cationic inｉｔｉatoｒ１67 负离子引发剂iｏnioic initｉatoｒ168 共引发剂coｉnitiａtoｒ169 烷基锂引发剂aｌkyｌｌｉthium iniｔiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anｉoｎraｄｉｃal ｉｎitｉａtor 171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin iniｔｉａtor172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Zｉｅgler Nａｔtａcａtalyｓt１7３过渡金属催化剂transｉtion metal ｃａtａlysｔ1７4 双组分催化剂biｃoｍponeｎt catａｌysｔ175 后过渡金属催化剂laｔe tranｓｉtion metａl cataｌyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metａl complｅx catａlyｓt177 [二]茂金属催化剂ｍeｔallocｅne catａlysｔ178 甲基铝氧烷metｈyｌalumiｎｏxａｎe, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂biｍeｔallic μ-oxo ａlkoxiｄｅｓcａtａlyｓt180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catａlｙst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metalｌoｃenｅ１８2限定几何构型茂金属催化剂cｏnｓtｒained gｅometry meｔａllocenｅcatａlysｔ183 均相茂金属催化剂hｏmogeneoｕｓmｅtａｌlocenｅcataｌｙst184 链引发ｃhain initiatiｏn185 热引发tｈｅrｍａｌinｉtiatｉｏn186 染料敏化光引发dye ｓensｉｔized pｈtoinｉtｉation 187 电荷转移引发chargｅtransfｅｒinitｉatｉon１88 诱导期induｃｔion periｏd１89 引发剂效率ｉnitiator eｆfiｃiｅncｙ19０诱导分解indｕced dｅcompｏｓitｉoｎ191 再引发ｒeiｎitiatiｏn1９2 链增长ｃｈａin ｇrowth, cｈain prｏpagatiｏｎ193 增长链端pｒopagａtingｃhaｉｎend194 活性种reactivｅｓpeciｅs1９5 活性中心aｃtｉve cｅnter19６持续自由基persistｅnｔradiｃal197 聚合最高温度cｅillｉng tempeｒａture of poｌymeｒｉzaｔiｏn１98 链终止cｈaｉn terｍinatiｏn１9９双分子终止ｂimoｌeculaｒterminatｉoｎ200 初级自由基终止primaｒy radｉcal terｍｉnation201 扩散控制终止dｉffusioｎconｔｒolled terminatｉoｎ202 歧化终止disｐrｏportioｎation termination20３偶合终止coupling terminaｔｉon２04 单分子终止unimｏｌecular tｅrmiｎaｔion20５自发终止spｏnｔaneous termiｎation２06 终止剂terminａtoｒ2０７链终止剂chaiｎｔermｉｎatｉng ａｇｅnｔ208 假终止ｐseuｄotｅrmiｎａｔion209 自发终止self tｅrｍination２１０自由基捕获剂raｄical sｃａvenger２11 旋转光闸法ｒotａting sectoｒmeｔｈoｄ2１2 自由基寿命free radiｃａｌｌｉfetｉme21３凝胶效应geｌeffect２14 自动加速效应ａｕｔｏａccelerａtiｏnｅffｅｃt 215 链转移cｈain traｎｓfer216 链转移剂cｈain tranｓfer ａｇent217 尾咬转移bａｃｋｂiｔting traｎsfeｒ218 退化链转移dｅgradａｔion (degrａdatｉｖｅ) cｈaｉnｔrａｎsfｅr2１9 加成断裂链转移[反应] aｄdｉtｉon fragmentatioｎchaiｎtｒａnsfer220 链转移常数cｈain transｆer coｎｓtant 221①缓聚作用②延迟作用reｔardation22２阻聚作用inhｉbition２23 缓聚剂retaｒdｅr２24 缓聚剂,阻滞剂rｅtardｉnｇａｇｅｎｔ225 阻聚剂inｈibｉtoｒ22６封端[反应］eｎｄcaｐpinｇ2２7 端基terｍｉｎaｌgrｏup22８聚合动力学polymｅrizatioｎkｉｎetics229 聚合热力学poｌyｍerizatiｏn theｒmoｄynａmｉｃs ２30 聚合热heat of polymerizａtiｏn231 共聚合［反应] coｐolyｍerization2３2 二元共聚合biｎaｒy coｐolyｍｅrizatｉon23３三元共聚合tｅrnarｙcopolｙmerｉzaｔion２34 竞聚率reacｔivity ratio2３5 自由基共聚合rａdｉcａｌcopｏlymerizatｉon236 离子共聚合iｏnicｃopｏlyｍerization２37 无规共聚合rａｎdom copolｙmerization238 理想共聚合ideaｌcopolymerｉzaｔｉon239 交替共聚合aｌternａtinｇcopｏlymeｒizａtiｏn 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotｒｏpic coｐｏlyｍerizatｉｏn2４１接枝共聚合grafｔcopoｌyｍｅrizaｔiｏn24２嵌段共聚合block copｏlyｍerｉzatｉon24３开环共聚合riｎg opeｎｉnｇcopolyｍeｒizａtiｏn 244 共聚合方程copolymｅｒization equaｔｉon245 共缩聚ｃｏpoｌycoｎｄenｓatｉon246 逐步共聚合step copolymerizatioｎ２47 同种增长ｈoｍｏproｐaｇａｔion２４8 自增长sｅlf prｏpａｇaｔioｎ249 交叉增长cｒoss proｐａｇａtiｏｎ２50 前末端基效应ｐeｎulｔiｍaｔｅeｆfect251 交叉终止croｓｓterminａｔｉoｎ2５２Q值Q ｖaluｅ253 ｅ值e vaｌue2５4 Q,e概念Q, e scｈｅme２55 序列长度分布sequｅnce length ｄisｔｒｉbｕｔioｎ2５6 侧基反应reactｉon oｆｐendａnt group257 扩链剂,链增长剂cｈain extｅｎder2５8 交联crｏsｓｌinｋing2５9 化学交联chemｉｃal cｒossliｎkinｇ260 自交联ｓelf cｒosｓｌinｋｉnｇ261 光交联photocroｓｓｌinking262 交联度deｇreｅof crosslｉnkinｇ２6３硫化vulcaｎizatｉon2６4 固化cｕｒｉng26５硫［黄］硫化sulfｕr ｖulｃaniｚatｉon2６6 促进硫化accｅｌeraｔed suｌfｕr vuｌcａnｉzatｉon 2６７过氧化物交联pｅroxide ｃｒｏｓslinｋing２68 无规交联randoｍcｒossｌｉnｋinｇ269 交联密度crossｌinking ｄensiｔy270 交联指数crossｌinking indｅx２71 解聚dｅpolｙmｅriｚａtion272 ①降解②退化degradation27３链断裂cｈａin breaking274 解聚酶ｄepolymerase2７5 细菌降解bacｔｅrｉal deｇradatｉoｎ三高分子物理23蠕虫状链worm-lｉｋe ｃｈain24柔性链fｌｅｘiｂｌe cｈain25链柔性ｃhaｉｎｆlexiｂｉlity26刚性链rigiｄchａｉn27棒状链rodlｉｋe chain28链刚性chaiｎriｇidity29聚集aggregaｔiｏn30聚集体ａgｇrｅgａtｅ31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结cｈaiｎentangｌement33凝聚缠结cｏｈesiｏｎal ｅntanglement34物理缠结physical entaｎgｌement35拓扑缠结topｏloｇical ｅntanglｅｍｅnt36凝聚相condeｎｓeｄphａse37凝聚态cｏndenｓeｄstａtｅ38凝聚过程coｎdensing pｒｏcesｓ39临界聚集浓度crｉtical aggregａtion conｃentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-glｏbｕle ｔrａnsitioｎ41受限链coｎｆinｅd chain42受限态confｉｎｅd sｔａte43物理交联phyｓicaｌcrosslinking44统计线团ｓtatisticaｌｃoil45等效链ｅquivalｅnｔcｈaｉn46统计链段ｓtaｔisｔiｃal seｇment47链段ｃhａｉn sｅgmｅｎｔ48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型ｒａｎdoｍcoiｌmodeｌ50无规行走模型random ｗaｌk model51自避随机行走模型self avｏｉdｉｎg walk model52卷曲构象ｃoiled conformatioｎ53高斯链Ｇａussian ｃhａin54无扰尺寸unｐeｒturbｅd dimension55扰动尺寸perturbｅｄdimｅｎｓiｏｎ56热力学等效球thermｏｄynamicaｌlｙeｑuivalｅnｔｓｐｈere57近程分子内相互作用ｓhort-ｒange intramolｅcular inｔｅrａctｉon58远程分子内相互作用loｎg-range intｒamolecular iｎteracｔｉｏn 59链间相互作用interchａｉｎinteracｔion60链间距intｅrchain spaｃinｇ61长程有序long raｎge orｄer62近程有序sｈort ｒange ordeｒ63回转半径ｒadiuｓof gyration64末端间矢量ｅnd-tｏ-enｄveｃｔor65链末端cｈaｉn enｄ66末端距ｅnd-to-end dｉｓtanｃe67无扰末端距unperｔurbｅd end－to-end dｉｓｔance68均方根末端距root-mean-squａｒe enｄ-ｔo－endｄiｓtａnｃe69伸直长度cｏntourｌｅｎgｔｈ70相关长度perｓiｓteｎcｅlｅngｔh71主链；链骨架chａin backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chaiｎbrａnｃhinｇ74短支链shｏrt-cｈａin brancｈ75长支链loｎg-chaｉn brａnch76支化系数brａncｈiｎｇｉndex77支化密度bｒanching ｄｅnsiｔｙ78支化度degree of brancｈinｇ79交联度ｄｅgreｅof croｓsliｎkinｇ80网络netｗｏｒｋ81网络密度ｎetwｏｒk dｅnsity82溶胀ｓwｅlling83平衡溶胀equilｉbｒium swellinｇ84分子组装，分子组合moleculａr asｓeｍbly85自组装self ａssemblｙ86微凝胶mｉｃrogel87凝胶点gｅl ｐｏiｎｔ88可逆[性］凝胶revｅrｓiｂlｅgel89溶胶-凝胶转化soｌ-gel tｒaｎsformatｉｏn90临界胶束浓度criticaｌmｉcｅｌｌe cｏnceｎtrａｔiｏn,CＭC91组成非均一性conｓｔitutionａl heterogeｎity, ｃomposiｔioｎａl hｅterｏgenity92摩尔质量平均ｍoｌａr mａssａｖerage 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量ｎumbeｒ-averagｅmolｅcular wｅigｈt,number-avｅrａge molaｒｍass94重均分子量wｅight-avｅｒａge moｌecular weｉｇht,ｗeｉgｈt-aveｒａge moｌar ｍass95Z均分子量Ｚ(Zａverage)－average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosｉty－aｖeｒage molｅcular wｅighｔ，viscosity-avｅrage molar masｓ97表观摩尔质量aｐpａrent molａr mass98表观分子量ａppａｒent molecｕlaｒwｅight99聚合度degree oｆpoｌymｅrizatｉoｎ100动力学链长ｋinｅｔic chain lｅngth101单分散性monｏdiｓperｓｉtｙ102临界分子量cｒitｉｃaｌmolecuｌar ｗeiｇｈｔ103分子量分布moleｃuｌar weｉghｔdｉsｔｒibｕｔｉon,MWD104多分散性指数poｌｙdispｅｒsity index，PＩＤ105平均聚合度aveｒage deｇreｅoｆｐolyｍｅｒｉｚａtｉon106质量分布函数mass diｓtribuｔiｏｎfｕnction107数量分布函数numｂer distribｕtiｏn funcｔion108重量分布函数wｅight dｉsｔributiｏｎfｕnction109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Scｈｕｌz-Zimｍdｉstrｉbｕtion110最概然分布most probaｂlｅdistｒiｂｕtｉｏn曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logaｒithmｉc normal distrｉbuｔiｏｎ又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polｙmer solutioｎ113聚合物-溶剂相互作用ｐolymer-soｌvent ｉntｅractｉon114溶剂热力学性质thｅｒmｏdynamic qｕａlity of sｏlｖｅnt115均方末端距meａn squaｒe end to ｅnｄdｉstaｎce116均方旋转半径meａｎsｑuａｒe rａdius ｏf gyration117θ温度ｔheta tempeｒature118θ态ｔhetａstaｔe119θ溶剂theｔa ｓｏlvｅnt120良溶剂goｏｄsｏlvent121不良溶剂poor solｖenｔ122位力系数Ｖiｒial coeｆficieｎt 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积eｘｃlｕｄｅd volume124溶胀因子expａnｓiｏn ｆaｃｔor125溶胀度ｄegrｅe of swｅlｌiｎｇ126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Florｙ-Hｕggins thｅｏry127哈金斯公式Ｈuggiｎｓequaｔｉoｎ128哈金斯系数Ｈuggiｎs coefｆicient129χ(相互作用）参数χ－paｒamｅter130溶度参数ｓolubｉliｔy paraｍeter131摩擦系数fｒicｔionalｃoｅfficiｅnt132流体力学等效球ｈydrｏdynamicａllｙequｉvaleｎｔsｐhｅｒｅ133流体力学体积hydrodynamｉc volｕｍe134珠-棒模型bead-rod modｅl135球-簧链模型ball-sprｉng [ｃｈａin］model136流动双折射fｌow birｅｆringence, stｒeaming birefringｅｎcｅ137动态光散射dynamic liｇht scaｔｔerｉng138小角激光光散射ｌowａngle lａser lighｔscatterｉng 139沉降平衡ｓeｄimentａtiｏn eｑｕiｌibriuｍ140沉降系数seｄiｍentaｔｉｏnｃoeｆfｉcienｔ141沉降速度法sedimｅntatioｎvｅlｏcity ｍｅthod142沉降平衡法ｓedｉｍenｔatｉon equilｉbriuｍｍeｔhoｄ143相对黏度reｌaｔivｅviscｏsｉｔy144相对黏度增量reｌaｔiｖｅｖiｓcositｙincｒement 145黏度比vｉscosiｔy ratio146黏数ｖisｃosity nuｍｂeｒ147[乌氏］稀释黏度计[Uｂbeｌoｈde] diｌｕtｉｏn viｓcomｅｔer148毛细管黏度计ｃapillary visｃometer149落球黏度计ｂaｌl ｖｉscometer150落球黏度ball viｓｃosiｔy151本体黏度bｕlk viｓcｏsｉｔy152比浓黏度rｅducｅd viscｏsitｙ153比浓对数黏度inｈerenｔｖiscoｓity,logａｒithmic visｃｏsity numｂeｒ154特性黏数iｎtrｉnsic ｖiscｏsiｔy，liｍiting ｖisｃosｉｔy nuｍbｅr155黏度函数viｓcｏsｉtｙfunｃtion156零切变速率黏度zero ｓｈear ｖiscｏｓｉty157端基分析ａnalysis of end ｇroup158蒸气压渗透法ｖａporｐｒｅssuｒｅoｓｍomｅｔrｙ,ＶPO159辐射的相干弹性散射ｃoherｅnt elastiｃｓcatｔeriｎg of raｄiatｉｏｎ160折光指数增量refrａｃtive ｉnｄex incremeｎt161瑞利比Rａylｅigh rａtio162超瑞利比ｅxcess Rａylｅigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering funｃtiｏn164粒子散射因子pａrｔｉclｅｓｃａtteｒiｎg fａｃtｏr 165齐姆图Zimm ｐlot166散射的非对称性ｄissymｍetrｙof scatterinｇ167解偏振作用ｄepｏｌarｉzａtion168分级fractｉｏｎation169沉淀分级pｒeｃipitation fｒactionａｔioｎ170萃取分级extrａction frａｃtｉonation171色谱分级cｈｒomatｏｇｒaphic fraｃｔionatｉon 172柱分级coluｍnｆrａctｉoｎａtion173洗脱分级,淋洗分级ｅlutｉon ｆrａcｔionａtion174热分级ｔhermal fｒactionaｔion175凝胶色谱法gel chroｍatoｇraphy176摩尔质量排除极限ｍoｌar masｓexclusioｎlimｉt177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solｖeｎt grａｄieｎt [elutioｎ] chromaｔｏｇrａphy178分子量排除极限molecular ｗeigｈt exclusioｎｌｉmｉｔ179洗脱体积elutｉon vｏluｍe180普适标定univeｒsal calibratiｏn181加宽函数spreadｉng function182链轴ｃhaiｎaxiｓ183等同周期iｄentiｔy ｐｅｒioｄ184链重复距离ｃhaiｎｒeｐeating diｓｔanｃe185晶体折叠周期cｒｙstaｌｌiｎｅfold period186构象重复单元ｃonfｏrmational reｐeatｉng unit187几何等效gｅomｅtｒicaｌｅquivaｌeｎce188螺旋链helｉx ｃhaｉn189构型无序conｆｉｇuraｔionａlｄisorder190链取向无序chain orｉentationａl disorder191构象无序confoｒmationａｌdiｓｏrｄer192锯齿链ziｇｚaｇchaｉｎ193双[股]螺旋double strａndｅd helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chａin ｏrｉｅntａｔion195结晶聚合物crｙstalｌine ｐolyｍer196半结晶聚合物semｉ-crｙｓtallｉnｅｐoｌymer197高分子晶体pｏｌymｅr crystaｌ198高分子微晶pｏlymeｒｃrystallite199结晶度ｄeｇreｅof crystallinity, crｙstａlｌinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象ｍaｃrｏmoｌｅcuｌar ｉsomorpｈｉｓm 201聚合物形态学morphologｙｏf polyｍeｒ202片晶laｍｅlla, ｌａmｅlｌaｒcryｓtａl 203轴晶axialiｔe204树枝[状]晶体dendｒite205纤维晶fibrouｓcｒystal206串晶结构shｉsh-kebab ｓtrｕｃｔｕre207球晶ｓpheruliｔe208折叠链folded chain209链折叠ｃhａｉｎfｏlｄinｇ210折叠表面foｌd sｕrface211折叠面ｆold planｅ212折叠微区fold domaｉｎ213相邻再入模型adjaｃent re－entｒy modｅl214接线板模型sｗｉtchbｏａｒd mｏｄel215缨状微束模型frinｇeｄ－ｍiｃelle mｏｄel216折叠链晶体ｆoｌded-chａin crystal217平行链晶体parａlｌeｌ-chaｉn crystal218伸展链晶体ｅxｔended－cｈaｉn cryｓtal219球状链晶体ｇlｏbuｌar-chaｉn ｃｒysｔal220长周期ｌong peｒioｄ221近程结构shoｒt-raｎge stｒuｃture222远程结构ｌonｇ-ｒange structure223成核作用nucｌｅａtioｎ224分子成核作用molｅcｕlaｒnuｃｌeaｔion225阿夫拉米方程Ａｖｒａｍｉｅquation226主结晶primａry cryｓｔalliｚatｉon227后期结晶secondaryｃrystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶ｅpitａxialｃrｙｓtallizａtiｏｎ229外延晶体生长,附生晶体epiｔａxial gｒｏwth生长230织构ｔｅxtｕｒe231液晶态ｌiｑuid crｙsｔal ｓtate232溶致性液晶ｌyoｔｏpic liquiｄcｒystal233热致性液晶ｔherｍotropic liｑuｉｄcryｓtal234热致性介晶thｅrmotｒopic mesomorｐhism235近晶相液晶ｓmectｉｃliquid cryｓtal236近晶中介相sｍectic mｅsophaｓｅ237近晶相smｅcｔｉcｐhase238条带织构baｎded textｕｒｅ239环带球晶ｒｉｎged spherulitｅ240向列相neｍａｔｉc pｈaｓe241盘状相discotic pｈase242解取向ｄｉsoriｅnｔａｔiｏn243分聚ｓegｒegation244非晶相aｍorpｈoｕs phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amoｒphｏuｓregioｎ246非晶态amorｐｈous ｓｔatｅ247非晶取向amorphｏuｓoriｅntaｔｉon248链段运动sｅgmental motｉｏｎ249亚稳态ｍetasｔaｂle state250相分离phase ｓeparation251亚稳相分离spｉｎodal decompoｓition252bimoｄal dｅcompoｓiｔioｎ253微相miｃropｈaｓｅ254界面相boundarｙｐhase255相容性compaｔiｂｉlｉty256混容性misｃibility257不相容性inｃompａtｉbｉliｔｙ258不混容性immiｓcibｉlity259增容作用cｏmpaｔiibｉlizａｔiｏn260最低临界共溶（溶解)温度ｌower critｉcal soluｔion tｅｍpeｒatｕr ｅ, ＬCSTﻩ261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度uｐper critiｃａｌsolutｉｏn tempeｒature , UＣＳT262浓度猝灭coｎcentraｔioｎqｕenching263激基缔合物荧光exｃimer ｆluoreｓｃeｎce264激基复合物荧光eｘcｉplex fluorescｅnce265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜ｌａser confocaｌｆluｏrｅscence ｍicｒoscｏpy266单轴取向uniaxial ｏｒientation267双轴取向biaxｉaｌｏｒiｅntatioｎ,bioriｅntation 268取向度ｄegree of oriｅntaｔｉon269橡胶态ｒuｂｂer sｔatｅ270玻璃态ｇlassyｓtａtｅ271高弹态eｌastomerｉｃsｔaｔｅ272黏流态viscous fｌow state273伸长ｅlongatｉon274高弹形变ｈighｅlaｓtic dｅfｏｒmation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，exｔenｓiｏn ratｉｏ277泊松比Poiｓson's raｔiｏ278杨氏模量Yｏung's modｕlus279本体模量bulｋmoduｌus280剪切模量shearｍｏdulus281法向应力normal ｓtreｓs282剪切应力shｅar strｅss283剪切应变ｓheａｒstｒain284屈服yｉelｄinｇ285颈缩现象necｋiｎｇ又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力ｙieｌd stress287屈服应变yieｌd stｒａin288脆性断裂briｔtle fraｃtuｒe289脆性开裂ｂrittle crackｉｎｇ290脆-韧转变ｂrittlｅｄｕｃtｉleｔrａnsｉｔｉon291脆化温度brｉttleｎeｓｓ(brｉttle) temperaｔure292延性破裂duｃｔile fｒａcturｅ293冲击强度ｉmpact strengtｈ294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度, brｅakinｇstrength”295极限拉伸强度uｌtimate ｔensile sｔrength296抗撕强度tｅariｎg strenｇth 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flｅxｕrａl ｓtrｅｎgtｈ，benｄiｎg strｅnｇtｈ298弯曲模量ｂending modｕlｕs299弯曲应变benｄｉng sｔrａｉn300弯曲应力benｄiｎg ｓtress301收缩开裂shrinkａge cｒａck302剪切强度sheａｒstrength303剥离强度peeｌing ｓtrengｔh304疲劳强度fａtigue ｓtｒｅnｇtｈ, fａtigue resiｓtａnce305挠曲deｆｌectiｏｎ306压缩强度compreｓｓive ｓtｒenｇth307压缩永久变形compressionｓｅt308压缩变形cｏmｐｒeｓsive deformation309压痕硬度ｉnｄenｔation haｒdnｅss310洛氏硬度Rockweｌｌｈａrdnｅｓs311布氏硬度Ｂrｉnell hardness312抗刮性scｒaｔh rｅsistanｃe313断裂力学ｆracture mechanics314力学破坏mechaｎicaｌfailuｒe315应力强度因子ｓtｒｅss intenｓity faｃtor316断裂伸长elongａtion at bｒｅaｋ317屈服强度yield strｅｎgth318断裂韧性fractuｒe tougｈneｓs319弹性形变ｅlａstｉcｄeｆorｍatioｎ320弹性滞后elasｔic hｙsｔｅreｓiｓ321弹性ｅlａstｉｃiｔy322弹性模量ｍｏdulus oｆeｌasticity323弹性回复elastｉc recovery324不可回复形变irｒecoｖerable dｅfoｒｍatiｏn325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹crａze327形变;变形defｏrmａtion328永久变形dｅformatiｏn seｔ329剩余变形ｒesidual defoｒmatｉoｎ330剩余伸长ｒeｓiｄuａl ｓtreｔcｈ331回弹，回弹性rｅｓilience332延迟形变rｅtarｄed ｄefｏrmation333延迟弹性rｅtaｒdeｄｅlaｓticity334可逆形变reversibｌe defｏrｍation335应力开裂stress crackｉｎｇ336应力-应变曲线streｓｓｓtｒａｉｎcurve337拉伸应变ｓｔretｃhing ｓtrａｉｎ338拉伸应力弛豫tensilｅstrｅｓs ｒｅlaｘaｔiｏn 339热历史ｔhermaｌhistoｒy340热收缩thermoshrinkiｎｇ341扭辫分析torsioｎal braiｄanalyｓｉs,TBA 342应力致白stｒｅsｓwhｉtｅｎing343应变能sｔrain energy344应变张量strａiｎｔensor345剩余应力ｒesｉduaｌstress346应变硬化sｔraiｎhardeniｎg347应变软化strain ｓoftｅｎing348电流变液eleｃtrｏｒheologiｃal fluid349假塑性pseｕｄｏplａsｔic350拉胀性auxiticitｙ351牛顿流体Neｗtoniaｎｆｌuid352非牛顿流体non-Nｅwtonian flｕid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fｌuid354冷流cold fｌｏw355牛顿剪切黏度Newｔoｎｉan ｓhearｖiscoｓity 356剪切黏度sheaｒviscｏsｉty357表观剪切黏度apｐareｎt sheaｒviscosity358剪切变稀ｓｈear thiｎning359触变性thｉxｏtropy360塑性形变plasｔic defｏrmatioｎ361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫ｖolｕme relａxation363拉伸黏度exteｎｓiｏｎaｌｖiscosity364黏弹性viscoｅlａstｉciｔy365线性黏弹性ｌinear vｉscoelastｉcitｙ366非线性黏弹性non-ｌｉnearｖiscoｅlasticｉｔy367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaｘａtioｎ又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation ｍoｄｕｌus370蠕变柔量creep cｏmpliａnce371热畸变温度hｅａt diｓtorｔion temｐeｒaｔurｅ372弛豫谱relａｘation sｐecｔrum373推迟［时间]谱ｒetａｒdatiｏｎ[ｔｉｍe］spectrｕm374弛豫时间rｅlａxａtion timｅ375推迟时间retardａtion tｉｍe376动态力学行为ｄｙnamiｃmeｃhaｎiｃaｌbehaviｏr377动态黏弹性dｙnamic viｓcoelastiｃity378热-机械曲线thｅrｍo-mecｈａｎical cuｒve379动态转变dynａmｉc ｔraｎｓiｔion380储能模量ｓtoragｅmodulus381损耗模量lｏｓｓmodｕｌｕｓ382复数模量complex moｄuluｓ383复数柔量cｏmｐｌｅx ｃoｍpliａｎce384动态黏度dynamic viscosｉｔy385复数黏度complex viscｏsity386复数介电常数compｌex ｄieleｃtric ｐｅrｍｉttivity387介电损耗因子dｉelectric disｓｉpａtｉon fａcｔｏr388介电损耗常数dｉｅleｃtric loｓｓｃonstａntﻬ四高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子专业词汇
[材料] 高分子专业词汇高分子, 词汇, 专业1 高分子 macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。
2 超高分子 supra polymer3 天然高分子 natural polymer4 无机高分子 inorganic polymer5 有机高分子 organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物 organometallic polymer8 元素高分子 element polymer9 高聚物 high polymer10 聚合物 polymer11 低聚物 oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。
12 二聚体 dimer13 三聚体 trimer14 调聚物 telomer15 预聚物 prepolymer16 均聚物 homopolymer17 无规聚合物 random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物 random coiling polymer19 头-头聚合物 head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物 head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物 tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物 transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物 cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物 regular polymer25 非规整聚合物irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物 atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物 isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。
28 间同立构聚合物 syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。
29 杂同立构聚合物 heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。
高分子专业英语词汇必备250个单词
高分子专业英语词汇必备250个1 高分子 macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。
2 超高分子 supra polymer3 天然高分子 natural polymer4 无机高分子 inorganic polymer5 有机高分子 organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子 inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物 organometallic polymer8 元素高分子 element polymer9 高聚物 high polymer10 聚合物 polymer11 低聚物 oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。
12 二聚体 dimer13 三聚体 trimer14 调聚物 telomer15 预聚物 prepolymer16 均聚物 homopolymer17 无规聚合物 random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物 random coiling polymer 419 头-头聚合物 head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物 head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物 tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物 transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物 cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物 regular polymer25 非规整聚合物 irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物 atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物 isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。
28 间同立构聚合物 syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。
29 杂同立构聚合物 heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。
（完整版）高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总
冷轧 cold rolling 压延性 calenderability 压延 calendering 埋置 embedding 压片 preforming
模塑 molding 模压成型 compression molding 压缩成型 compression forming 冲压模塑 impact moulding， shock moulding 叠模压塑 stack moulding 复合成型 composite molding 注射成型 injec on molding 注塑压缩成型 injec on compression molding 射流注塑 jet molding 无流道冷料注塑 runnerless injec on molding 共注塑 coinjec on molding
惰性填料 inert filler 增塑剂 plas cizer 辅增塑剂 coplas cizer 增粘剂 tackifier 增容剂 compa bilizer
增塑增容剂 plas cizer extender 分散剂 dispersant agent 结构控制剂 cons tu on controller 色料 colorant 荧光增白剂 op cal bleaching agent 抗降解剂 an degradant 防老剂 an -aging agent 防臭氧剂 an ozonant 抗龟裂剂 an cracking agent 抗疲劳剂 an -fa gue agent 抗微生物剂 biocide
高分子材料专业英语单词及短语
with the advent of 随着...的出现；
cured resin 固化树脂
nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振
acidify 酸化
inorganic polymer 无机聚合物；
stretch 拉长，拉直；
fragment 碎屑 碎片
anionic 阴离子的
with respect to 关于 就..而言
polyesterification 聚
butyllithium 丁基锂
density 密度
functionalized polymer 功能聚合物；
acidic 酸性的；
distill 蒸馏
imagine n想象，推测
fiber 纤维；
elastic modulus 弹性模量；
radical polymerization 自由基型聚合
light scattering 光散射
be identical in..to 在...方面和...是相同
trans isomerism 反式异构
initiation n引发
titanium trichloride 三氯化钛
functional group 官能团
interest in.. ..的重大意义.
polysaccharide 多糖，聚糖
crystallite 微晶
bear in wind 牢记；
neutralize 使...中和
tacky 发粘的
dissociate 离解
catalyst 催化剂
isocyanate 异氰酸酯
olefinic adj 烯烃的
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学05.1高分子物质05.2coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体，81,2-二取代乙烯单体9双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10极性单体polar monomer11非极性单体non polar monomer12共轭单体conjugated monomer13非共轭单体non conjugated monomer 14活化单体activated monomer15官能单体functional monomer16大分子单体macromer, macromonomer 17环状单体cyclic monomer18共聚单体comonomer19聚合［反应］polymerization20均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应，21齐聚反应(曾用名)22调聚反应telomerization23自发聚合spontaneous polymerization 24预聚合prepolymerization25后聚合post polymerization26再聚合repolymerization27铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization 28链［式］聚合chain polymerization 29烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization 30双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization 31加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名)free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP 34活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radicalpolymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentationchaintransfer，RAFT38氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerizationpolymerization41自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization 42氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44光［致］聚合photo polymerization45光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization 47四中心聚合four center polymerization48电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization 49辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization 50热聚合thermal polymerization51电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53易位聚合metathesis polymerization54开环易位聚合ring opening metathesispolymerization，ROMP55精密聚合precision polymerization 56环化聚合cyclopolymerization57拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization 58平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization 61离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63碳正离子聚合carbenium ionpolymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization 66活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemicalpolymerization72负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization 73烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74活［性］聚合living polymerization75两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77配位聚合coordination polymerization78配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization 79配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization 80配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization 81插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization 86不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselectivepolymerization88对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization 89对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization 90异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization 92基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP 93消除聚合elimination polymerization94模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95插层聚合intercalation polymerization96无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97开环聚合ring opening polymerization98活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization 99不死的聚合immortal polymerization100酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合(曾用名)polyaddition102偶联聚合coupling polymerization103序列聚合sequential polymerization104闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization 107逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization108缩聚反应condensation polymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterification typepolymerization,ester exchange polycondensation110自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation 111均相聚合homogeneous polymerization 112非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization 113相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114本体聚合bulk polymerization, masspolymerization115固相聚合solid phase polymerization 116气相聚合gaseous polymerization,gas phase polymerization 117吸附聚合adsorption polymerization 118溶液聚合solution polymerization 119沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization 120淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspensionpolymerization123珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearlpolymerization124分散聚合dispersion polymerization125反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization 126种子聚合seeding polymerization127乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsionpolymerization129反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization 130微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization 131连续聚合continuous polymerization132半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization 133分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134原位聚合in situ polymerization135均相缩聚homopolycondensation136活化缩聚activated polycondensation137熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation 140界面聚合interfacial polymerization141界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145引发剂initiator146引发剂活性activity of initiator147聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148自由基引发剂radical initiator149偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator1502,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN 151过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153复合引发体系complex initiation system154氧化还原引发剂redox initiator155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge transfer complex, CTC 156聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157光敏引发剂photoinitiator158双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctionalinitiator159三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160大分子引发剂macroinitiator161引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator,iniferter163光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter 164热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166正离子引发剂cationic initiator167负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168共引发剂coinitiator169烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst 174双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocenecatalyst183均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst184链引发chain initiation185热引发thermal initiation186染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188诱导期induction period189引发剂效率initiator efficiency190诱导分解induced decomposition191再引发reinitiation192链增长chain growth, chain propagation193增长链端propagating chain end194活性种reactive species195活性中心active center196持续自由基persistent radical197聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198链终止chain termination199双分子终止bimolecular termination200初级自由基终止primary radical termination201扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination 202歧化终止disproportionation termination203偶合终止coupling termination204单分子终止unimolecular termination 205自发终止spontaneous termination 206终止剂terminator207链终止剂chain terminating agent 208假终止pseudotermination209自发终止self termination210自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211旋转光闸法rotating sector method 212自由基寿命free radical lifetime 213凝胶效应gel effect214自动加速效应autoacceleration effect 215链转移chain transfer216链转移剂chain transfer agent 217尾咬转移backbitting transfer218退化链转移degradation (degradative) chaintransfer219加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220链转移常数chain transfer constant221①缓聚作用②延迟作用retardation222阻聚作用inhibition223缓聚剂retarder224缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225阻聚剂inhibitor226封端［反应］end capping227端基terminal group228聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230聚合热heat of polymerization231共聚合［反应］copolymerization232二元共聚合binary copolymerization233三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234竞聚率reactivity ratio235自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237无规共聚合random copolymerization238理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244共聚合方程copolymerization equation245共缩聚copolycondensation246逐步共聚合step copolymerization247同种增长homopropagation248自增长self propagation249交叉增长cross propagation250前末端基效应penultimate effect251交叉终止cross termination252Q值Q value253e值e value254Q,e概念Q, e scheme255序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256侧基反应reaction of pendant group 257扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258交联crosslinking259化学交联chemical crosslinking260自交联self crosslinking261光交联photocrosslinking262交联度degree of crosslinking263硫化vulcanization264固化curing265硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268无规交联random crosslinking269交联密度crosslinking density270交联指数crosslinking index271解聚depolymerization272①降解②退化degradation273链断裂chain breaking274解聚酶depolymerase275细菌降解bacterial degradation276生物降解biodegradation277化学降解chemical degradation278辐射降解radiation degradation279断链降解chain scission degradation280自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 281无规降解random degradation282水解降解hydrolytic degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理12立构嵌段stereoblock13有规立构嵌段isotactic block14无规立构嵌段atactic block15单体单元monomeric unit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain 22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain 23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalentsphere57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-enddistance69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity,compositional heterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecularweight, Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solutionpolymer-solvent interaction113聚合物-溶剂相互作用114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇[1]
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Xiong Maolin, CMSE, BUCT
I
高 分 子 材 料 与 工 程 专 业 英 语 词 汇 表
graft copolymer 接枝共聚物 statistical copolymer 无规嵌段共聚物 random copolymer 无规共聚物 backbone [ ] n.主链 semicrystalline [ ]adj.半结晶的 ] adj.无定形的 amorphous [ morphology [ ] n.形态 phase [ ] n.相 living polymerization 活性聚合 compatibilizer n.增容剂 blend [ ] n.,v.共混（物） terpolymer [ ] n.三元共聚物 ] n.合金 alloy [ miscible [ ] adj.易混合的，可（溶）混的 ] n.粒子 particle [ cylinder [ ] n.圆柱体 lamella [ ] n.薄层, 薄片 synergistic adj.协同的 molecular architecture 分子构造 ] adj.线性的 linear [ short branched adj.短支化的 long branched adj.长支化的 ladder shaped adj.梯形的 star shaped adj.星形的 hyperbranched adj.超支化的 chain segment 链段 ] n.,v.蠕变 creep [ loading [ ] n.载荷 crystallinity n.结晶度 rheological [ ] adj.流变学的 stability [ ] n.稳定性 crystalline [ ] adj.结晶的 amorphous [ ] adj.无定形的 ] v.缠结 entangle [ strength [ ] n.强度 ] n.韧性 toughness [ configuration [ ] n.构型 conformation [ ] n.构象 regularity [ ] n.规整性 compactness [ ] n.紧密度[性] flexibility [ ] n.柔顺性 liquid-crystal polymer n.液晶聚合物 ] v.取向 orient [ extrusion [ ] n.挤出 injection molding 注射模塑成型 granular [ ] adj.粒状的 hopper [ ] n.漏斗 barrel [ ] n.机筒 screw [ : ] n.螺杆 ] n.顶杆 ram [ mold [ ] n.模具 eject [ ] v.顶出 cavity [ ] n.型腔 hydraulic [ ] adj.液压传动的 polyphenylene oxide 聚苯醚 compression molding 挤压模塑成型 ] v.固化 cure [ flash [ ] n.溢料 ] n.脱模 knockout [ pin [ ] n.销钉 overflow [ ] n.溢料口 runner [ ]n.流道，浇口 transfer molding 传递模塑成型 blow molding 吹塑成型 split mold 对开模具 ] n.（玻璃、塑料等）型坯 parison [ annulus [ ] n.环形套筒 extrusion [ ] n.挤出 die [ ] n.模具 thermoforming [ ] n.热成型 ] v.下垂 sag [ calendering n.压延 ] v.塑炼 plasticate [ vulcanize [ ] v.硫化 vulcanization [ ] n.硫化 casting [ ] n.浇铸 catalyze [ ] v.催化 ] n.固化，凝固 solidification [ urethane n.尿烷，氨基甲酸乙酯 reaction injection molding 反应注射模塑成型 reactant [ ] n.反应物 polyurethane [ ] n.聚氨酯 sintering [ ] n.烧结 coalescence [ ] n.融合 foam molding 发泡模塑成型 hardness [ ] n.硬度 flexural strength 抗挠（弯）强度 impact [ ] n., vt 冲击
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分子成核作用
分子量分布
分子量排除极限
单分散橡胶
单分散性
单丝
单体
单体浇铸
单体单元
蒙特卡洛模拟
门尼粘度
聚合物形态学
最概然分布
最可几分布
模压硫化
多轴拉伸
多组分共聚物
复丝
多层吹塑
多层共聚物
多层挤塑
多相橡胶
多元橡胶
多股橡胶
纳米复合材料
纳米纤维
盘状相
解取向
分散剂
分散聚合
歧化终止
双股螺旋
双股橡胶
减阻剂
包模成型
拉伸比
催干剂
干喷湿法纺丝
干纺
干湿法纺丝
延性破裂
染料敏化光引发
动态光散射
动态力学行为
动态转变
动态粘弹性
动态粘度
动态硫化
高熔橡胶
硬质胶
接枝效率
弹性形变
弹性滞后
弹性回复
弹性
高弹态
电活性橡胶
光稳定剂
木素
线型低密度聚乙烯
线型橡胶
线性粘弹性
液晶高分子
液晶纺丝
液晶态
液体橡胶
活性负离子聚合
活性正离子聚合
活性高分子
活性聚合
活性自由基聚合
活性开环聚合
对数正态分布
对数正则分布
长支链聚乙烯
长周期
长程有序
长支链
远程分子内相互作用
远程结构
损耗模量
小角激光光散射
插入聚合
集成橡胶
智能橡胶
插层聚合
链间相互作用
链间距
共缩聚物
界面缩聚
界面聚合
相溶性
内增塑作用
内脱模剂
互穿聚合物网络
特性粘数
反相分散聚合
反相乳液聚合
离子交换橡胶
离子交换树脂
离子对聚合
离子共聚合
离子橡胶
离子聚合
负离子引发剂
离子交联橡胶
不可回复形变
非规整嵌段
抗氧剂
防臭氧剂
抗硫化返原剂
防霉剂
防结皮剂
抗静电添加剂
抗静电剂
表观摩尔质量
表观分子量
表观剪切粘度
聚芳酰胺纤维芳纶芳香尼龙
聚芳酰胺
芳香族聚酯
聚芳砜酰胺
人工老化
初生纤维
缔合橡胶
不对称诱导聚合
不对称选择性聚合
不对称立体选择性聚合
无规立构嵌段
无规立构橡胶
无规度无规立构度
氯醚橡胶
外延结晶附生结晶
外延晶体生长附生晶体生长
环氧树脂
平衡熔点
平衡聚合
平衡溶胀
全同间同等量橡胶
等效链
赤型双全同立构橡胶
赤型双间同立构橡胶
酯交换型聚合
三元乙丙橡胶
乙丙三元橡胶
二元乙丙橡胶
乙丙二元橡胶
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物
杜仲胶
超瑞利比
激基缔合物荧光
激基复合物荧光
三聚氰胺甲醛树脂
熔体流动指数
热熔胶
熔融缩聚
熔纺
金属络合物催化剂
二茂金属催化剂
亚稳态
易位聚合
甲基纤维素
缩甲醛树脂
甲基铝氧烷
甲基乙烯基硅橡胶
微乳液聚合
微波硫化
微凝胶
微相
混炼
混容性
弹性模量
防潮剂
摩尔质量平均
摩尔质量排除极限
模塑又称模压
分子组装分子组合
分子复合材料
临界胶束浓度
临界分子量
交叉增长
交叉终止
交联橡胶
交联
交联密度
交联指数
生橡胶
晶体折叠周期
结晶橡胶
结晶度
固化
固化剂
环状单体
环加成聚合
环烯聚合
环化聚合
环硅氧烷聚合
无活性端聚合
死端聚合
过炼
挠曲
形变变形
永久变形
降解性高分子
降解退化
退化链转移
支化度
交联度
低密度聚乙烯
最低临界共溶温度
润滑剂
溶致性液晶
溶致液晶高分子
大环橡胶
大分子引发剂
高分子离子
大分子单体
高分子异质同晶现象
高分子
大孔橡胶
大网络树脂
磁性橡胶
主链型液晶橡胶
质量分布函数
母胶
素炼
基体
模板聚合
麦克斯韦模型
均方末端距
均方旋转半径
力学破坏
力化学降解
医用高分子
不死的聚合
抗冲改性剂
冲压成型
冲压模塑
冲击强度
浸渍
触压成型
原位复合材料
原位聚合
不相容性
茚树脂
压痕硬度
诱导分解
诱导期
惰性填料
充气吹胀
比浓对数粘度
阻聚作用
阻聚剂
引发转移剂
引发转移终止剂
引发剂
引发剂效率
注塑压缩成型
注射成型
注塑焊接
无机有机高分子
无机高分子
天然纤维
天然高分子
天然树脂
天然橡胶
蚕丝
细颈现象
颈缩现象
向列相
回缩性弹性复原
网络
网络密度
网络橡胶
牛顿流体
牛顿剪切粘度
亚硝基氟橡胶
氮氧自由基调控聚合
非共轭单体
非极性单体
非线性粘弹性
非牛顿流体
非极性橡胶
无压硫化
防缩
多分散性橡胶
无纺布
法向应力
成核作用
数量分布函数
非规整橡胶
异构化聚合
异戊橡胶
全同立构聚合
有规立构嵌段
全同立构橡胶
等规橡胶
全同立构聚丙烯
等规聚丙烯
等规度
全同立构规整度
射流注塑
喷射纺丝
开尔文模型
动力学链长
捏和
梯形橡胶
片晶
层压材料
激光共聚焦荧光显微镜
激光光纤
后过渡金属催化剂
潜固化剂
胶乳
光引发聚合
光屏蔽剂
取向度
聚合度
溶胀度
破乳剂
树状高分子
树枝状晶体
脱氧核糖核酸
解偏振作用
解聚酶
解聚
葡聚糖
右旋糖酐
糊精
二乙炔橡胶
二单元组
二烯丙基橡胶
二嵌段共聚物
介电损耗因子
介电损耗常数
介电弛豫时间
双烯单体
二烯单体
双烯橡胶
双烯类聚合
改性纤维
扩散控制终止
二聚体
二甲基硅橡胶
非晶取向
非晶相无定形相
非晶区
非晶态
两亲嵌段共聚物
两亲橡胶
支链淀粉
直链淀粉
淀粉
厌氧粘合剂
端基分析
负离子交换树脂
负离子自由基引发剂
负离子环化聚合
负离子电化学聚合
负离子交换膜
负离子异构化聚合
负离子聚合阴离子聚合
各向异性膜
防老剂
防蚀剂
抗龟裂剂
抗降解剂
抗疲劳剂
消泡剂
电致变色橡胶
电致发光橡胶
电解聚合
电流变液
静电纺丝
元素高分子
消除聚合
伸长态
断裂伸长
洗脱剂
洗脱分级淋洗分级
洗脱体积
埋置又称包埋
无乳化剂乳液聚合
乳液闪蒸纺丝法
乳液聚合
乳聚丁苯橡胶
乳液纺丝
对映体不对称聚合
对映体对称聚合
封端
末端距
末端间矢量
工程塑料
酶聚合作用
类酶高分子
树胶
古塔波胶
卤化丁基橡胶
增硬剂
头头橡胶
头尾橡胶
热硫化
热畸变温度
聚合热
热稳定剂
螺旋形橡胶
螺旋链
杂链橡胶
杂环高分子
异质复合纤维
非均相聚合
不均匀硫化
杂聚物
杂同立构橡胶
异规橡胶
三叶橡胶
高密度聚乙烯
高弹形变
高抗冲聚苯乙烯
高模量橡胶
高性能高分子
高聚物
高压纺丝
仿生高分子
生物高分子
双酚环氧树脂
双酚聚碳酸酯
共混
共混纺丝
嵌段
嵌段共聚物
嵌段共聚合
嵌段聚醚酯
嵌段橡胶
嵌段聚合
血液相容性
吹塑
吹胀挤塑
玻耳兹曼叠加原理
碳化硼纤维
界面相
支链
支化橡胶
支化密度
支化系数
断裂强度
桥基茂金属
布氏硬度
脆性裂
脆韧转变