定语从句之关系副词
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句之关系副词 关系副词,兼有副词与连接词两种作⽤,在不及物动词的连接中要求⽤关系副词。
1. 关系副词VS关系代词 先来看⼀看关系副词和我们熟知的关系代词有关联。
以where为例,⾸先问⼤家⼀个问题,where是什么意思呢?“哪⼉!”你肯定会毫不犹豫的给出这个答案,然后躲到电脑后,偷笑栗⼦问的问题太弱。
其实不然。
我们换个问题“Where are you?”翻译成中⽂是“你哪⼉?”还是“你在哪⼉?”我想这次应该⼤家会毫不犹豫的选后者吧!没错,where确切翻译应该是“在哪⼉”,所以见到“Where did Tom live?”时,我们的答案是“Tom lived in Beijing.”⽽⾮“Tom lived Beijing.” 接下来回到正题,我们通过以下的等式替换来看看关系副词和关系代词的关系吧。
⾸先有两个简单句: We visited the city center. Tom lived in the city center. 针对这两个简单句我们做两个设计: 1)把他们合并成⼀个由which引导的定语从句,不难得出是:We visited the city center in which Tom lived. 定语从句中which指代的正是city center,即which=the city center. 2)再针对第⼆个简单句提⼀个问题: Where did Tom live? 因为where是“在哪⼉”所以它对应的答案是“in the city”⽽⾮“the city”,即where=in the city 综合以上两点which=the city center,where= in the city center,显⽽易见where=in which,也就是说,关系副词=介词+关系代词。
所以该定语从句可以换种写法就是:We visited the city where Tom lived.因为where在定语从句中指代是地点状语,所以属于关系副词。
定语从句的关系副词
定语从句的关系副词定语从句是英语中常见的一种句子结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰或限定。
在定语从句中,关系副词担任重要角色,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句的关系副词以及其在句子中的使用。
一、关系副词的定义和分类关系副词,又称为关系副词连词,是连接主句和从句的词语。
关系副词有三个,分别是where、when和why。
它们分别表示地点、时间和原因的关系。
1. where:表示地点的关系。
常用于修饰表示地点的名词或代词。
例句1:This is the house where I was born.(这是我出生的房子。
)例句2:I will never forget the moment where I met you.(我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一刻。
)2. when:表示时间的关系。
常用于修饰表示时间的名词或代词。
例句1:I will always remember the day when we first met.(我会永远记得我们初次见面的那一天。
)例句2:I love the season when flowers bloom.(我喜欢花开的季节。
)3. why:表示原因的关系。
常用于修饰表示原因的名词或代词。
例句1:I don't understand the reason why he left.(我不明白他离开的原因。
)例句2:That's the only explanation why he acted that way.(这是他那样行动的唯一解释。
)二、关系副词的使用关系副词在定语从句中的使用需要注意以下几点:1. 关系副词引导的定语从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
例句1:This is the place where we will hold the party.(这是我们将举办派对的地方。
)(关系副词where在从句中作地点的修饰成分)例句2:That was the reason why she didn't come to the meeting.(那就是她没有参加会议的原因。
定语从句--关系副词
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)
I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.
Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.
有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。
This is the hospital where my mother works.(作地点状语)
This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.(作宾语)
The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.(作原因状语)
以及转换讲解
3
随堂练习与讲解
教学内容
定语从句中关系副词的用法
关系副词,顾名思义,是联系先行词和定语从句的词,属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下:
1.表时间的名词+ when +定语从句
when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.(作时间状语)
定语从句之关系副词 课件
That’s the point _w_h_e_r_e_(=on which) I couldn’t agree with you.
Can you imagine the conditions _w_h_e_re_ there is no air?
I have found the place ______ he stayed last week .
The house ______ he bought is very big. The house ______he lived is very big.
The day _____I’ll always remember is Nov.22,1966.
• when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间 的 名 词 (time, hour, day, year, moment, occasion 时刻,age年代, period阶段, stage时期,interval 间 隙,etc), 并在定语从句中作时间状 语,相当介词(in/on/during)+which
2.I’ll never forget the day. I joined the team on that day.
I’ll never forget the day on which (when) I joined the team .
when--“介词+ which”
I’ll never forget the day on which(=when) I lived in the mountains.
定语从句的关系副词
定语从句的关系副词定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,描述并限定其所修饰的名词或代词的性质、特征、状态等。
而关系副词在定语从句中起到连接作用,引导定语从句的引导词。
一、关系副词及其用法关系副词常见的有:when、where和why,它们分别表示时间、地点和原因。
在定语从句中,关系副词作为关系词引导从句,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
1. when当我们在定语从句中修饰表示时间的名词时,可以用关系副词when引导。
示例1:I still remember the day when we first met.译文:我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天。
示例2:Do you remember the moment when you realized you were in love?译文:你还记得你意识到自己爱上了的那一刻吗?2. where当我们在定语从句中修饰表示地点的名词时,可以用关系副词where引导。
示例1:This is the house where I grew up.译文:这是我长大的房子。
示例2:She took me to the park where we used to play.译文:她带我去了我们过去常常玩的那个公园。
3. why当我们在定语从句中修饰表示原因的名词时,可以用关系副词why引导。
示例1:That is the reason why I couldn’t attend the meeting.译文:那就是我不能参加会议的原因。
示例2:Can you explain the reason why you made that decision?译文:你能解释一下你作出那个决定的原因吗?二、关系副词的注意事项1. 注意关系词的位置关系副词在定语从句中作为关系代词引导从句时,要放在名词之后。
示例1:I could never forget the day (when) we won the championship.译文:我永远不会忘记我们赢得冠军的那一天。
定语从句中关系副词的用法
定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词,是联系先行词和定语从句的词,属于副词。
定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
其句法结构如下:1.表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.3.表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。
)例句:That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示:That is the reason I did the job.又如:This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单,以下注意点不可忽视:1)“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子:*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the beach. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.**This is the hospital where my mother works.**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”,介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。
定语从句-关系副词
12.The place ______ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A. that B. where C. what D. in which 13.I’ll never forget the days ___ I stayed in your beautiful country. A. on which B. in which C. that D. for which 14.That’s the reason ____ he left home. A. which B. why C. by which D. that
2. The house ________________ becomes a where LuXun lived
famous building.
in the house=in which
3. 他十年前工作的那家电影工作室制作了 很多精彩的电影。 The film studio where he worked ten years ago produced many exciting films.
2. I don’t know the reason ____________ why he looks unhappy today ____________ . for the reason=for which 3.他不能去电影学院的原因很简单。 The reason why he couldn’t go to the film studio was very simple.
三. 关系副词与关系代词的区别
并不是先行词为表示时间,地点,原因时, 引导词就选择when, where, why。要根据先 行词在定语从句中的所做的成分来选择引导 词。如果先行词在定语从句中做主语或宾语, 先行词就要用which/that。
定语从句中的关系副词
定语从句中的关系副词定语从句中的关系副词关系副词,兼有副词与连接词两种作用,在不及物动词的连接中要求用关系副词。
下面是店铺带来的定语从句中的关系副词,希望对你有帮助。
定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
其句法结构如下:1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2. where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used“foreign oil.”.3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。
定语从句关系副词初中定语从句的关系副词总结
定语从句关系副词初中定语从句的关系副词总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,用于修饰名词或代词,进一步明确或限定其意义。
定语从句可以使用关系代词或者关系副词引导。
本文将重点总结初中定语从句中的关系副词及其用法。
一、关系副词的定义和用法关系副词(Relative Adverbs)用于引导定语从句,并在从句中充当副词的角色,起到连接主句与从句的作用。
常见的关系副词有where、when、why。
1. where:where的主要作用是指地点,引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例句:- This is the restaurant where we had dinner yesterday.(这是我们昨天晚饭的餐厅。
)2. when:when的主要作用是指时间,引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例句:- The day when I first met her was unforgettable.(我第一次见到她的那一天是无法忘记的。
)3. why:why的主要作用是指原因,引导修饰原因的定语从句。
例句:- I don't understand the reason why she left without saying goodbye.(我不明白她为什么不告别就离开。
)二、关系副词的使用注意事项1. 关系副词的先行词常常是先前提到或者明确的名词或代词。
例句:- I remember the day when we visited the museum.(我记得我们参观博物馆的那一天。
)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句可以放在句首、句中或者句尾。
例句:- The reason why she failed the exam is that she didn't study hard.(她考试不及格的原因是她没用功。
)- He showed me the house where he used to live.(他给我看了他过去住的房子。
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句之关系副词一、当先行词是时间,在定语从句中做时间状语。
引导词用:when,in which,during which,onwhich,at which.当先行词是地点,在定语从句中做地点状语。
引导词用:where,in which,at which,on which.当先行词是原因,在定语从句中做原因状语。
引导词用:why,for which.当先行词是方式,在定语从句中做方式状语。
引导词用:that,in which,不填。
二、关系副词的功能:Where 用以修饰表地方的名词;when用以修饰表时间的名词;why用以修饰the reason;但how和the way 只能用其中一个三、关系副词的用法1、Where 引导的定语从句只用来修饰表地方的名词。
表大地方(如城市,国家,区域)时,介词要用in;表建筑物(如车站,商店,银行等)时,介词用at ;表内部(在......内)时,介词要用in;表外在(在.....上面)时,介词要用on.因此,关系副词where 可等于in which,on which,at which.例:This is the city where I met you.=This is the city in which I met you(the city是大地点介词用in)I met him at the station,where there were many passengers.= I met him at the station,at which there were many passengers.Do you see the desk where there is a book ?= Do you see the desk on which there is a book ?2. when 引导的定语只能用以修饰表时间的名词。
我们已知表日子时,介词要用on (如onSunday ,on Dec.12);表年,月或一段时间时,介词要用in(如in July, in 2003,in these days);表几时几刻时,介词要用at (如at 8 o`clock).因此,关系副词when 可等于at which、on which、in which.例:That is the year when he graduated.=That is the year in which he graduated .He came on Friday,when it was raining hard.=He came on Friday,on which it was raining hard.2、why只用以修饰the reason,由for which变化而成。
定语从句关系副词的完整教程及练习
定语从句关系副词的完整教程及练习什么是定语从句关系副词?定语从句关系副词指的是在定语从句中引导从句的一类副词,用于表示时间、地点、原因和方式等。
常见的定语从句关系副词有when、where、why和how。
用法及示例1. 关系副词when- 用于引导表示时间的定语从句,修饰先行词。
- 示例:I still remember the day when we first met.2. 关系副词where- 用于引导表示地点的定语从句,修饰先行词。
- 示例:This is the school where I used to study.3. 关系副词why- 用于引导表示原因的定语从句,修饰先行词。
- 示例:He didn't tell me the reason why he left.4. 关系副词how- 用于引导表示方式的定语从句,修饰先行词。
- 示例:She showed me how she painted the picture.练请根据下列句子中的先行词,使用合适的定语从句关系副词填充空白处:1. Do you remember the day ______ we went to the beach?2. This is the house ______ I was born.3. That's the reason ______ I didn't attend the meeting.4. Can you show me ______ to use this machine?参考答案:1. when2. where3. why4. how。
定语从句之关系副词
case, state等在定语从句中做地点状
语时,定语从句用关系副词where引
导。 注意:此时定语从句中不可再出现表 示地点的词。
换成
the
This was a place.
An earthquake happened there.
去掉there
This was the place where an
4)当先行词被序数词修饰时。 That is the last thing that I’d like to do.
5)当先行词为人物共存时。 (俗称:先行 词既有人又有物。) He told me about the persons and things that he met with in Europe. 6)被修饰词为数词时。 Yesterday, I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.
why = for which
先行词
关系副词
for This is the reason why
he was late.
which
这是他迟到的原因。
练 习
1. This is the reason ____ he was late.
A. that B. which C. why D. when 2. The police couldn’t tell the reason
先行词
关系副词
This is the office where at which he works. 此句可表述为,He works at the office. 从句缺地点状语,at the office 表示地点, 因此用关系副词where,也可用at which, 在这里at which = where
定语从句关系副词
定语从句之关系副词关系副词有:when,where,why1.when分析句子成分:I will never forget the day when I joined the League.定语从句的翻译:①April Fool’s Day is a day when people play jokes on friends愚人节是_人们可以和朋友开玩笑的日子。
②七月一日是(他出生的)日子。
July 1st is the day when he was born_.③1945年是(二战结束的) 时间。
The year 1945 was the time when the Second World War was at an end.④我永远忘不了(第一次来深圳的)那一天。
I will never forget the day when I first came to Shenzhenwhen 指时间,在从句中作时间状语,它的先行词为time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等,亦可用“介词+which”替代。
Eg.I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。
We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。
2.where分析句子成分:I will go to the town where I was born.定语从句的翻译:①The factory where I work will close down.__我工作的那家工厂将倒闭。
②我将要去(我爷爷住的)那座城市。
I’ll go to the city where my grandapa lives.③这附近有没有(我可以买到花的)商店?Is there a shop near here _where I can buy some flowers_④我在(我们吃午餐的)那家餐馆里丢了钱包。
定语从句关系副词
定语从句关系副词关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
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1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.A. enterB. to enterC. enteringD. entered【陷阱】容易误选A。
高一英语定语从句---关系副词的用法(含例句及解析)
定语从句---关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做时间、地点、原因状语时,应使用关系副词when, where, why。
关系副词的作用如下:①指代表是时间、地点、原因的先行词。
②在从句中充当句子成分---状语。
③起连接作用,的主句和定语从句连接起来。
一、关系副词引导定语从句。
1.when引导的定语从句。
when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如time,day,week,year等。
eg: We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky.我们永远忘不了在6千米高空飞行的那一天。
误区警示当先行词是时间名词时,定语从句既可用when引导,也可以用that 或which引导,关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。
若关系词在定语从句中作状语,则用when引导; 若关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。
eg: Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)Do you still remember the days that /which we spent together on thefarm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that/which做spend的宾语)2.where引导的定语从句where表示地点, 代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如place , factory,house, village等或表示抽象地点的名词,如position, point, case , stage,situation,atmosphere 等。
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定语从句之关系副词
引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why 等。
它们和关系代词一样放在先行词的后面起引导作用,同时在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点和原因状语。
1. when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
如:
Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?
你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗?
2. where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
如:
Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?
你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗?
3. why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。
如:
I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father。
我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。
4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词+名词”,如:when =on / in / during the day,where= in / at / on the place,why =for the reason ,因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词+which ”引导的定语从句。
如:
That is the day when (on which )he did the experiments。
就是他做实验的那一天。
This is the house where (in which )my father used to live。
这就是我父亲以前住过的房子。
That is the reason why (for which )he is leaving very soon。
那就是他为什么要马上离开的原因。
注意:在这种“介词+which ”的结构中,介词的选择取决于which 所指的名词与介词的搭配关系,或者取决于定语从句中动词词组与介词的搭配关系。
如:
This is the farm where (on which )I worked three years ago。
这就是我三年前工作过的农场。
He can't forget that year when (in which )he was taken to Beijing。
他忘不了他被带到北京去的那一年。
5.关系代词和关系副词的选择
先行词是表时间或地点的名词时,关系词的选择要慎重,以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。
( 1 )分析句子结构,看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语,还是作主语和宾语。
( 2 )看定语从句中的动词是及物动词,还是不及物动词,还是“不及物动词+介词”结构。
比较:This is the place where he worked (vi )when he was young。
The city (that / which )we visited (vt )is well-known。
We'll never forget the day (that / which )we spent (vt )in the village。
We'll never forget the day when we work (vi )in the village。