指示代词

代词
一：指示代词
1.指示代词有this , that , these , those , such , same.
2.指示代词的用法:
(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事. 物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.
2.指示代词的用法:
(1).that 常用来代替前面出现的人.事.物,以免重复.that代替可数名词和不可数名词;those可代替复数名词.
(2). 在打电话时,英语中常用this代替自己,that代替对方.例如:
A: May I speak to Mr. Zhang, please?
B: This is Zhang Ming speaking. Who’s that.
(3). Such表示“如此,这样的人或事”.
I have never seen such an interesting film before.
(4). Same 表示“ 同样的人和物”,前面必须加the.例如:
They arrived there at the same time.
Lucy and Lily are in the same class.
They do the same thing everyday.
经典例析
1.The weather in Australia is quite different from ___ of Shijiazhuang.
A. it
B. that
C. those
D. ones
2. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than __ made in America.
A. ones
B. those
C. that
D. it
3.Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ many
poor people ?
A. such ; such
B. such ; so
C. so ; so
D. so ; such
4. ---Hello! May I speak to Jim, please?
--- Speaking. ___________?
A. how are you
B. Is that Mike
C. are you Jim
D. who are you
5. There are more people in Shanghai than in Tianjin. (同义句)
The ____________ of shanghai is _______ than ______ of Tianjin.
6. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(同义句)
I have _______ read _______ an interesting book before.
二：不定代词
1.不定代词主要有: each , every , both，all , either , neither , none , one , few ,
a few , little , a little, many , much, other , another , some , any , no 以及
some , any, no 和thing构成的合成词.
不定代词的用法
(1). Some , any , something , anything
① Some和something多用于肯定句中.当说话人期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时,some , something可用于疑问句中,而不用any 和anything.
例如:
②any和anything一般用于否定句.疑问句和条件句中.例如:
1. Please ask the teacher if you have any questions to ask.
2.There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.
3. He is taller than any other boy in his class.
注意事项
1.形容词或不定式修饰不定代词时,作后置定语.
★Be quiet ! I have something important to tell you.
2. 不定代词作主语时谓语用单数.
★Listen ! Someone is singing in the next room.
3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．
He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?
The police found nothing in the room.
=The police didn’t find anything in the room.
3.Nothing表示否定，表示“什么事都没有”．等于not…anything. 反意疑问句应用肯定．
He knew nothing about the accident, did he ?
The police found nothing in the room.
=The police didn’t find anything in the room.
1.I have some questions to ask you.
2.There is something wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work.
3.---Would you like something to drink ?
--- No, thanks.
4.---May I ask you some questions ?
---Certainly. What’s it ?
5.---Can I have some meat ?
---Sure, here you are.
三：经典例析
1.Be quiet, boys and girls . I have ____
to tell you.
A. important something
B. something important
C. anything important
D. important anything
2. ---I feel a bit hungry.
---Why don’t you have ____ bread?
A. any
B. some
C. little
D. a
3. The teacher said nothing at the meeting yesterday .(同义句)
The teacher ______ say __________ at the meeting yesterday.
(2). each 与every
each指两者或两者当中的人或事物中的每一个.every指三者或三者当中的每一个.each “每个,各,各自的”,强调个体;every强调整体,表示“每个都”.
★There are many trees and flowers on each side of the street.
★Every student has read this story.
经典例析
1.---How often are the Olympic Gams held?
---______ four years.
A. Every
B. Each
C. In
D. For
2.There are many trees on ____ side of the street.
A. all
B. every
C. neither
D. each
(3).both 与all ; neither 与either，both 表示“两者都”,常与and连用,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.all指“三者或三者以上的全体”.例如:
Both mother and father are teachers.
They all like this story.
either指“两个之间,其中的一个”,常与or搭配使用:either …or…意为“不是……就是; 或者……或者”.而neither是指“两个人或事物中一个也不”,是both 的全盘否定,常与nor搭配.either…or…和neither…nor…连接的并列结构作主语时,谓语坚持就近原则
★Neither people nor plants can live without water or air.
★There is only one seat here, either you or I can take it.
经典例析1.They were all asleep. _____ of themheard the sound.
A. All
B. Both
C. None
D. Neither
2.Both of them are right.(同义句)
_________ of them _____ wrong.
3.All of us have been to Shanghai. (否定句)
______ of us ____ been to Shanghai.
4. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us.
A. All
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
5.---Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday?
---I’m afraid ____ day is possible.
A. either
B. neither
C. every
D. any
6.---May I use your pen?
---Yes, here are two and you can use _____ of them.
A. both
B. every
C. any
D. either
7. Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk ?
___, thanks. I’d just like a cup of tea.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
8. They were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.
9. I have two watches, but __ of them works well.
A. both
B. all
C. neither
D. none
10. ---When shall we meet again, this Sunday or next Sunday ?
--- _____ time is OK.
A. Either
B. Any
C. Another
D. One
(4) few , a few ; little , a little，few , a few 修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词. Few , little 表示否定,意为“几乎没有”,a few , a little 表示肯定,意为“有一些”.例如:
I can’t buy the dress because I have
just a little money.
Few people can live to be 150 years.
经典例析1. Kate is a nice girl. She says _____ but do much.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
2. I have a little good friends in our class.(改错)
3. There is little water in the bottle, ___ _______? (补全反意疑问句)
4. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________?
A. don’t they
B. do they
C. didn’t they
D. did they
5. My uncle is so busy that he has ___time to have a good rest.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
6. ____ of them can arrive in time, can they ?
A. Few
B. A few
C. Little
D. A little
(5).other , others ,another , the other
①other 泛指“另外的或其它的人和物”, 常做定语.例如:
★ I don’t like this color, h ave you got any other colors?
②Others泛指“另一些人和物”,相当于名词性物主代词.例如:
★ Study harder, or you’ll fall behind the others.
③another泛指三者.三者以上不定数目中的“另一个”,只可修饰或代替单数名词.例如:
★ Would you like another cake?
★ Could you please show me another pair?
④the other特指“两者中的另一个人或物”.常与one对照使用, one …the other …一个……另一个…….
★I have two pencils , one is long , the other is short.
不可不记
another +基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词,another和more表示“还,再……”,但当基数词是one时,名词要用单数.例如:
★I want to have another two apples.
★I want to have two more apples.
经典例析
1. I have finished this book, can you lend me ______?
A. two more books
B. two another books
C. more two books
D. two books another
2.I have two brothers. One is a doctor. _______ is a teacher.
A. other
B. the other
C. others
D. another
3. Have you finished your homework?Not yet. I think it will take ____ ten minutes.
A. other
B. others
C. another
D. more
4.Shanghai is the largest city in China(同义句)Shanghai is ______ than ____ ____ city in China.
四：疑问代词
疑问代词who, whom, whose , what 和which都是用来构成特殊疑问的.who 通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语.What可用来提问职业.人口.价格.年龄.颜色.
日期.星期.高度和尺寸的大小.
经典例析
1.---_______ is your favourite athlete?
--- Liu Xiang.
A. Whose
B. Whom
C. Who
D. Which
2. ---_____ does your father look like?
--- He is tall and thin.
A. What
B. Where
C. Who
D. Which
3. ---______ man is your father ?
---The one in a white shirt.
A. Who
B. What
C. Whose
D. Which
4.The man who is watering the flowers is my uncle.(划线提问)
_____ _____ is your uncle ?
5. The watch is 180 Yuan.(划线提问)
______ is the _______ of the watch?
五：关系代词
1.Who 是主格,只可指认。

2.Whom 是宾格，只可指认，在从句一般用作宾语。

3.That既可指认有可指物，既可用作主语,也可用作宾语，当代英语中多指物。

4.Which 一般指物，既可用作主语也可用作宾语。

5.Whose 是who的所有格，在从句中用作定语，多指认。

经典例析
1.Yao Ming is a famous basketball
star _____ is playing in the NBA.
2.Do you know _____ daughter she is ?
3.I like to live in a house ___ is big and bright.
4.My bike is not the only thing _ is lost.
A. whose
B. who
C. that
D. which
预测
1.We found ____ very difficult to learn Japanese.
A. this
B. it
C. its
D. that
2.____office is much smaller than____.
A: Their , our B: Theirs , ours C: Their , ours D: Theirs , our
3.The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than___.
A. they
B. them
C. themselves
D. theirs
4. We couldn’t buy anything because __of the s hops opened at that time.
A. all
B. some
C. any
D. none
5.Mrs Liu teaches__ English. We like ____ class very much.
A. me, his
B. me, her C, us, his D. us , her
6._______ Lily or Lucy has been to the Great Wall.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D.Nor
7.--The exam was very easy, wasn’t it ?
--Yes, but I don’t think _could pass it.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. nobody
D. everybody
8.--Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.
-- Never mind. You can have ____.
A. us
B. ours
C. you
D. yours
9.--This skirt is much too large for me. Could you show me__ one.
-- Certainly. Just a moment, please
A. other
B. another
C. others
D. the other
10. We are sure that our football players will do ___ best.
A.their
B. they
C. them
D. themselves
11. –Would you like some more rice?-- Yes . Just ___.
A. a few
B. few
C. a little
D. little
12.The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than _____ in Shanghai.
A. this
B. it C . that D. one
13.Tell him not to play with the knife. He may hurt _________.
A. him
B. himself
C. yourself
D. myself
14.---Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?
---______is OK. I'm free today and tomorrow.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
15.We go home _____ six days.
A. all
B. each
C. both
D. every
16.If you need _ money, I'll lend you__.
A. one, one
B. any，some
C. some，any
D. any，any
17.Be quiet ! I have ______ to tell you.
A. something important
B. important something
C. anything useful
D. useful nothing
18.Neither I nor he_____ from USA.
A. be
B. are
C. am
D. is
19.Li Lei is taller than____ in his class.
A. anybody
B. anybody else
C. else anyone
D. somebody else
20.This dictionary isn't ___.It is ___.
A. yours, his
B. you, him
C. hers, you
D. mine, him
21.He is a teacher___ I like very much.
A. what
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
22.There're more than twenty students in our class , but ______ of them are from France.
A. none
B. all
C. neither
D. both.
23.Which would you like better, tea or coffee?___, thanks. Just some water, please.
A. Neither
B. Both
C. None
D. All
24. The problem is too difficult, __can work it out.
A. A few students
B. Some students
C. Many students
D. Few students。