专业英语复习提纲

专业英语复习提纲

一题型：

1、缩写

2、词组翻译（中译英）

3、选词填空

4、英译汉

5、汉译英

二、主要内容

⏹Lesson1

主要句子

P3- LINE 8 compared to the old technology, transistors were much smaller, faster, and cheaper to manufacture.

P3-LINE14 What allowed the creation of modern processors was the invention of the integrated circuit, which is a group of transistors manufactured from a single piece of material and connected together internally, with extra wiring

P3-LINE28 After the invention of the integrated circuit, it took very little time to realize the tremendous benefits of miniaturizing and integrating larger numbers of transistors into the same integrated circuit.

P4-LINE4 Large-scale integration came to refer to the creation of integrated circuits that had previously been made form multiple discrete components.

P4-LINE9 Building on the success of earlier integration efforts, engineers learned to pack more and more logic into a single circuit.

⏹Lesson 2

P6-LINE1 Memories can be made in mechanical, magnetic, optical, biological and electronic technologies.

⏹Lesson 3

P12-line4 Modern microprocessors contain complete floating point processors that can perform extremely sophisticated operations on large floating point numbers.

P14-LINE15 One problem with today’s RAM chips is that they forget everything once the power goes off.

P14-LINE22 The BIOS instructions do things like test the hardware in the machine, and then it goes to the hard disk to fetch the boot sector.

P15-LINE23 Every instruction can be broken down as a set of sequenced operations like these that manipulate the components of the microprocessor in the proper order.

P15-LINE33 In a pipelined architecture, instruction execution overlaps. So even though it might take five clock cycles execute each instruction , there can be five instructions in various stages of execution simultaneously.

⏹Lesson 4

P31-line11 Passive components had much better drift characteristics than active components had, thus if an amplifier’s gain could be made dependent on passive components, the problem would be solved.

P31-LINE28 Well, time has proved Harry right, but there is a minor problem that Harry didn’t discuss in detail, and that is the oscillation problem.

P32-LINE17 The programming was hard wired with a series of circuits that performed math

operations on the data, and the hard wiring limitation eventually caused the declining popularity of the analog computer.

P33-LINE28 The IC OP amp is here to stay; the latest generation op amps cover the frequency spectrum from 5-Khz GBW to beyond 1-GHz GBW.

P33-LINE33 It can function as a line driver, comparator, amplifer, level shifter, oscillator, filter, signal conditioner, actuator driver, current source, voltage source, and etc..

⏹Lesson 5

P37-10 But how does the complex function in s relate to the circuit’s response to actual frequencies/

P37-11 We use the expression jwL for impedance of an inductor and 1/jwC for that of a capacitor. P37-14 The jw in AC analysis is in fact the imaginary part of s, which, as mentioned earlier, is composed of a real part O and an imaginary part jw.

P37-20 We have sliced the function along the jw axis and emphasized the RC low-pass filter’s frequncey response curve by adding a heavy line for function values along the positive j axis.

P38-1 While the complex frequency’s imaginary part(jw) helps describe a response to ac signal, the real part helps describe a circuit’s transient respone.

P38- 6 for the low-pass filter, pole positions further down the –o axis mean a high w0, a shorter time constant, and therefore a quicker transient response. Conversely ,a pole c loser to the j axis causes a long transient response.

P38-12 Because both the integrator and the RC filter have only one s in the denominator of their transfer functions, they each have only one pole. That is ,they are first-order filters.

P39-7 Y ou can obtain such a response by using inductance and capacitance in a passive circuit or by creating an active circuit of resistors,capacitors, and amplifers.

P40 -13 Decreasing the Q moves the poles toward each other, whereas increasing the Q moves the poles in a semicircle away from each other and toward the jw axis.

P41-4 Figure 5.4a shows the function as a curved surface, depicted in the three-dimensional space formed by the complex plane and a vertical magnitude vector.

P42-2 On the other hand, if Q becomes infinite, the pole infinte, the pole…….

⏹Lesson 6

P44-3 This is capable of very high-speed conversion and thus can accommodate…

P44-6 THE flash converter operates by simultaneously presenting…. N-bit word representing the input sample level.

P45-5 These largely arise from the inevitable quantization ………..(dicated by the number of bits in the ADC)

P45-15 THE reason for the difference between these two values………..trading off sampling rate as shown below.

P46-9 A simple formula for the maximum processing ………and that the noise is uniformly distributed.

P47-7 The converter is essentially a highly…..realize the processing gain.

P47-19 IN fact , there are many tens of ADC Menthods in use, Successive Approximation………over its rivals.

⏹Lesson 7

P61-6 recent advances in semiconductor …………….conversion arena today.

P61-11 IT operates by reducing a higher…………..to changes in its load.