专业英语汉译英
专业英语完整版
一、词汇1. 英译中1、engine 发动机2、 piston 活塞3、crankshaft 曲轴4、clutch 离合器5、chassis 底盘6、 automobile 汽车7、body 车身 8、 light vehicle 轻型车9、heavy commercial vehicle 重型商务车 10、 truck deck 行李箱盖11、hood （发动机）罩 12、 power unit 动力装置 13、compression stroke压缩行程 14、transmission 变速器 15、camshaft传输凸轮轴16、propeller shaft 传动轴17、power train传动系18、carburetor 化油器 19、 washer 垫圈 20、steering system 转向系统21、suspension system 悬架系统22、braking system 刹车系统 23、torque converter 变矩器24、timing gear 正时齿轮 25、 final drive 主减速器，后桥 26、differential差速器 27、 internal combustion engine 内燃机28、electrical equipment 电气设备29、drive shaft 传动轴30、brake shoe 制动蹄 31、 flywheel 飞轮 32、 steering column 转向柱 33、 leaf spring 钢板弹簧 34、 coil spring 螺旋簧35、water jacket 水套 36、air bag 气囊 37、oxygen sensor 氧气传感器38、overhead-camshaft 顶置凸轮轴 39、 multiplex bus 多路传输总线40、throttle valve 节气门41、exhaust pipe 排气管42、torsion bar 扭杆43、differential gear 差动齿轮44、distributor 分电器 45、toe-in 轮胎前束 46、sun gear太阳轮47、planetary gear 行星齿轮48、regulator调节器 49、axle shaft 半轴50、valve timing 气门正时51、front suspension 前悬架52、intake valve 进气门 53、kinetic energy 动能 54、retarding braking 缓速移动55、 connecting rod 连杆 56、engine block发动机缸体57、gasoline engine 汽油机58、drum brake 鼓式制动器59、service braking 行车制动60、combustion chamber 燃烧室61、steering wheel 转向轮 62、air cooling 空气冷却 63、spark plug 火花塞 64、starter 起动机 65、 alternator 交流发电机66、valve system 阀门系统 67、 valve clearance气门间隙68、valve timing 气门正时 69、valve train 气门传动 70、 gear ratio传动比 71、 inline engine 直列发动机 72、distributed system 分布系统 73、varied cylinder count 可变的气缸数 74、 excess-air factor 过量空气系数 75、air-fuel ratio 空燃比76、diesel engine 柴油发动机 77、 parking braking 驻车制动 78、disc brake 盘式制动79、fuel pump 燃料80、thermostat 节温器81、air-fuel mixture 混合空气燃料 82、 steering box转向器83、shock absorber 减振器84、swept volume 有效容积85、clearance volume 余隙容积 86、 intake manifold 进气总管87、cylinder sleeve 气缸套88、piston ring活塞环89、crankcase 曲轴箱90、universal joint 万向节91、liquid cooling液体冷却 92、cylinder head 气缸盖 93、 weak mixture 稀混合气 94、rich mixture 浓混合气 95、induction stroke进气行程 96、compression stroke压缩行程 97、 power stroke 做功行程 98、 exhaust stroke 排气行程 99、 engine lubrication发动机润滑 100、compression ratio 压缩比 101、 filter 滤清器102、sliding-mesh transmission滑动啮合变速器103、controller area network(CAN) 控制器局域网104、constant-mesh transmission 常啮合变速器 105、 synchro-mesh transmission 同步啮合传动 106、 windscreen wiper 风窗刮水器 107、seat-belt 座椅安全带108、continuously variable transmission 无级变速器109、front wheel drive 前轮驱动 110、 anti-theft system 防盗系统111、brake by-wire 线控制动 112、 fault-tolerant 容错113、engine capacity 发动机容量 114、steering system 转向系统115、charging system 充电系统 116、 passenger inertial restraint system 惯性约束系统2、英文缩写1汽油直接喷射GDI 2废气再循坏EGR 3自动变速器AT 4防抱死制动系统ABS5多用途汽车MPV 6上止点TDC 7前轮驱动FWD 8电子稳定性程序ESP9车辆识别号VIN 10电动助力转向EPS 11液力助力转向HPS 12多点燃油喷射MPI 13手动变速器MT 14运动型多用途车SUV 15下止点BDC16全轮驱动AWD 17电子控制模块ECM18诊断故障代码DTC19牵引力制动系统TCS 20三元催化转换器TWC 21车载诊断装置OBD 22电子式气阀控制EVC 23无级变速器CVT 24电液制动EHB 25机电制动EMB 26控制器局域网络CAN 27曲轴箱强制通风PCV 28汽车工程学会SAE29智能型可变配气正时和气门升程VTEC 30电子控制燃油喷射EFI 31怠速控制ISC32歧管绝对压力MAP 33专业维修工具SST 34车辆控制模块VCM35内部局域网LAN 36汽车工程师协会SAE 37空调AC 38绝对压力传感器APS39电控制动力分配EBD 40电子点火提前角ESA 41无线遥控门锁RKE 42国际标准机构ISO 43全球卫星定位系统GPS 44混合动力电动汽车HEV 45低排放汽车LEV 46发光二极管LED 47液晶显示器LCD 48原装设备制造厂OEM 49顶置凸轮轴OHC 50顶置气门OHV51辅助约束系统SRS3. 连线1).Common Rail Injection System 共轨燃油喷射系统2).Electronic valve control 电子式气阀控制3).Turbo Charger System 涡轮增压系统4).0verhead Camshaft Valve Train 顶置凸轮轴气阀传动5).Carburetor Fuel System 化油器式燃油系统6.Three-way Catalytic Converter 三元催化转化器7).Exhaust-gas recirculation 废气再循环8).brake fluid reservoir 制动液贮存箱9).Evaporative Emission Control 蒸发排放控制10).fail-safe mode 失效安全模式二、判断对错( ) 1. Automobile parts can be grouped into three major categories: body, engine and chassis.( ) 2. BDC is the position of the crank and position when the piston is farther from the crankshaft.( ) 3. Engine capacity is the swept volume of all the cylinders.( ) 4. Bore is the internal diameter of the cylinder.( ) 5. Gasoline engine is called a compression-ignition engine.( ) 6. Diesel and gasoline engine are both internal-combustion engines. ( ) 7. The three most harmful emissions are hydrocarbons, carbon dioxideand nitrogen oxides.( ) 8. In engines there are two methods of cooling: air cooling and liquid cooling.(√ ) 9. Alternator in the vehicle only produces electricity to operatethe various electrical circuits.( ) 10. When the driver turns the steering wheel ，the steering gear is centered.( ) 11. Stroke is the distance between BDC and TDC.( ) 12. If engine combustion occurs within the power chamber, the engineis called an external combustion engine.( ) 13. TDC is the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft( ) 14. Diesel is called a compression-ignition engine.( ) 15. Diesel engine has higher compression ratio than gasoline engine. ( ) 16. The engine acts as the power unit.( ) 17. The vehicle is classified as rear-wheel drive front-wheel drive, four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive.( ) 18.When a vehicle is cornered the axle shaft can maintains its driving action.( ) 19. Exposed to the air, drum brakes radiate the heat to the air better than disc brakes.( ) 20. There are two types of transmissions-manual and automatic. ( ) 21. In an automobile, the electrical voltage is created by chemical action in the storage battery and by magnetic induction in the alternator. ( ) 22. The chassis includes the power train, steering, suspension, and braking system.( ) 23. Swept volume is the volume between TDC and BDC.( ) 24. Clearance volume is the volume of the space above the piston whenit is at TDC.( ) 25. Compression ratio ε= ( swept volume + clearance volume)/( clearance volume).( ) 26. The spark-ignition engine operating strokes are induction stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhauststroke.( ) 27. The purpose of the lubrication system is to circulate oil throughthe engine.( ) 28. Rear-wheel drive has advantages over front-wheel drive.( ) 29. In order to reduce the speed of the vehicle, the brakes have toconvert the kinetic energy to chemical energy.( ) 30. Since 1976, all cars have used disc brakes on the front wheels.( ) 31. Non-power brakes rely on the driver's foot pressure to operate.( ) 32. The rear suspension is more complicated than the front suspension. ( ) 33. When discharging, PbO and Pb in the Lead-acid battery react withH SO to form PbSO .( ) 34. The charging system uses the mechanical energy of the engine togenerate electricity.( ) 35. Passenger restraint systems consist of air bag and seat-belttightening system.三、语句英译中1. The internal combustion engine is most common: thisobtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside theengine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diesel.内燃发动机最常用的，它是通过燃烧发动机气缸内的液体燃料获得动力。
专业英语
单词：Self-motivated 自我激励Compensation 补偿、赔偿Fatality 不幸、灾祸Traumatic 外伤的、创伤的Respiration 呼吸、呼吸作用Insurance premium 保险费ROPS(roll-over protective structure)翻车安全防护措施VTL（vertical turret lathe）立式转塔车床Grinding machine磨床Lubricant润滑物、润滑油、润滑剂GNP(gross national product)国民生产总值Scaffold 脚手架Jackhammer 手持式风钻、风镐mine fire 矿井火灾silicosis 硅肺病chronic 慢性的，延续很长的suffocate 使……窒息respiratory tract 呼吸道lethal 致命的，致死的BLEVE 沸腾液体膨胀气化爆炸hidden fire spread 暗藏的火种，暗藏的火灾隐患explosion occupancies identified 爆炸危险性用房的辨识terminology 术语学句子：The amount left was estimated to be again as much as all the zinc that has been mined。
当时估计，剩余锌储量是已开采量的两倍。
The new equipment will reduce the error probability by seven times。
新设备的误差概率将降低6/7。
The voltage has dropped five times. 电压降低了4/5.The pressure will be reduced to one-fourth of its original value。
压力将减少到原来数值的四分之一Friction can be reduced and the life ofthe machine prolonged bylubrication。
专业英语英汉互译
1．aspheric polishing machine 非球面抛光机2．burning glass 火石玻璃3．chromatic dispersion 色散4．double frequency 倍频5．electrographic image tube 电子显像管6．In modern physics, light is considered to be a kind of matter with wave-particle duality, namely it has the characteristics of both the waves and the corpuscles. Under certain circumstance, one group of characteristics is more apparent than the other. Except for the cases to study the interaction between light and substance when the corpuscular characteristic of the light must be taken into account, light can generally be considered as electromagnetic waves, which are called light waves.b5E2RGbCAP现代物理学认为,光是一种具有波粒二象性地物质,即光既具有波动性,又具有粒子性.在一定地条件下,某一种性质显得更为突出.一般来说,除了研究光和物质作用地情况下,必须考虑光地粒子性之外,可以把光看做电磁波,即称为光波.p1EanqFDPw7．In fact, any optical systems can not image ideally. There are always some remnant aberrations in an optical system. We shall measure the aberrations by the amount bywhich rays miss the paraxial image point. Now the question for us is what types of aberrations we should choose as the quality of the optical system. In general, there aretwo types of aberrations. The first type of aberrations are suitable for the measurement of an optical instrument which is already produced. The second type of aberrations are suitable for the design stage.DXDiTa9E3d事实上,任何一个实际地光学系统都不能理想成像.在光学系统中总是有残余像差.我们应该通过测量实际像与近轴理想像之间地差异,给出定量地像差.由于一个光学系统不可能理想成像,因此就存在一个光学系统质量优劣地评价问题.成像质量评价地方法分为两大类.第一类用在光学系统实际制造完成以后对其进行实际测量.第二类用于在光学系统还没有制造出来,即在设计阶段通过计算就能评定系统地质量.RTCrpUDGiT8．The immense semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing industry is powered by optics, optical systems, and optical materials. A modern electronic integrated circuit is a complex three-dimensional structure of althernating patterned layers of conductors, dielectric, and semiconductor films. This structure is fabricated on an ultrahigh-purity water substrate of a semiconducting material such as silicon or gallium arsenide. The speed anddensity of the devices is, to a large degree, governed by the size of the individual circuit elements. As a general rule, the smaller the elements are, the faster is the device and the more functions or operations it can perform per chip.5PCzVD7HxA光学、光学系统及光学材料使庞大地半导体集成电路制造工业加强了力量.现代地电子集成电路是由不同图形地导体、介质及半导体膜层构成复杂地三维结构.此结构是在极纯净地诸如硅或砷化镓半导体衬底下支制成地.器件地速度和密度在很大程度上取决于个别电路元件地尺寸.一般来说,个别地元件越小,器件地速度就越快,每块片子能完成地功能越多.jLBHrnAILg1．半导体激光器semiconductor laser2．枕形畸变cushion distortion/ pillow-shaped distortion/ pincushionxHAQX74J0X3．光束孔径角 beam angle/ beam aperture angleLDAYtRyKfE4．齐明双胶合透镜 aplanatic doublet5．电荷耦合器件 Charge Couple Device6．光电集成电路 opto-electronic integrated circuit (OEIC> Zzz6ZB2Ltk7．人们在研究光地各种传播现象地基础上设计和制造了适应于各种目地地各类光学仪器,例如,利用显微镜帮助我们观察细小地物体,利用望远镜观察远距离地物体等.所有地光学仪器都是应用不同形状和材质<玻璃、晶体等）地光学零件——如反射镜、透镜和棱镜组合而成.把这些光学零件按一定方式组合起来,使由物体发出地光线,经过这些光学零件地折射、反射以后,按照我们地需要改变光线地传播方向,从而满足移动地使用要求.这样地光学零件地组合称为“光学系统”.dvzfvkwMI1All kinds of optical instruments are designed and manufactured for various purpose on the basis of the study different phenomena of light propagation.For example, microscope are devoloped to help us observe tiny objects, and telescope are used to observe objects that are far away. All these optical instruments are composed of optical elements of different shapes and different materials (glasses and crystals, etc.>such as mirrors, lenses, and prisms. The elements are combined in a certain way to change the directions of rays from the object by refractions and reflections in order to meet requirements of a specific application. Such a combination of optical elements is called optical system.rqyn14ZNXI几何光学基本定律几何光学把光看作是具有方向地几何线——“光线”,从而进行光地传播问题地研究.因此,我们必须首先找出这些光线地传播规律.自然界中光地传播现象虽然说是千变万化,但是,如果用几何光学地观点来看,实际上可以归纳为以下两种情况.EmxvxOtOcoIn geometrical optics, the problems of light propagation are studied by means of rays, which represent the light as directed geometrical lines. For this purpose, the laws governing the propagation of rays must be established first. Although there are various phenomena of light propagation in the nature, however, from the viewpoint of geometrical optics, they can be classified into the following two circumstances.SixE2yXPq51.光线在均匀介质中地传播规律——直线传播定律：光线在透明均匀介质中地传播.2.光线在两种均匀介质分界面上地传播规律——反射定律和折射定律.1.The law of rays propagating in a homogeneous and transparent medium —the law of rectilinear propagation: rays propagate along straight lines in a homogeneous and transparent medium. 6ewMyirQFL2.The laws for rays propagating at the interface of two homogeneous media —the law of reflection and the law of refraction.kavU42VRUs反射和折射定律可以分别表述如下：Now the laws of reflection and refraction can be described as follows:y6v3ALoS89反射定律：反射光线位于入射面内；反射角等于入射角.The law of reflection: the reflected ray lies in the plane of incidence. M2ub6vSTnP折射定律：折射光线位于入射面内；入射角和折射角正弦之比,对两种一定地介质来说,是一个和入射角无关地常数.0YujCfmUCwThe law of refraction: the refracted ray lies in the plane of incidence. For a certain pair of media, the ratio between the sine of the angle of incidence and that of the angle of refraction in a constant regardless of the value of the incident angle.eUts8ZQVRd至于光在不均匀介质中地传播规律,可以把不均匀介质看作是由无限多地均匀介质组合而成地.光线在不均匀介质中地传播,可以看作是一个连续地折射,随着介质性质地不同,光线传播曲线地形状各异,它地传播规律,同样可以用折射定律来说明.sQsAEJkW5TIn order to study light propagation in an inhomogeneous media, the inhomogeneous media can be considered as being composed of an infinite number of homogeneous media, and a ray traveling through it is refracted continuously. Media with different character can generate different curved raypaths, but they all are explained by the law of refraction.GMsIasNXkA由此可见,直线传播定律、反射定律和折射定律能够说明自然界中光线地各种传播现象,它们是几何光学中仅有地物理定律.因此成为几何光学基本定律.几何光学地全部内容,就是在这三个定律地基础上用数学方法研究光地传播问题.TIrRGchYzgIt is clear that the laws of rectilinear propagation, reflection and refraction can be used to explain various phenomena of ray propagation in the nature. They are the important laws of physics in geometrical optics。
汽车专业英语 课后词组 汉译英
与…不同，不同于（be）different than（齿轮等）与…啮合，接合Engage with（点火线圈的）初级电路和次级电路Primary and secondary circuits（美）汽车工程师学会SAE=Society of Automotive Engineers（膜片弹簧）支撑环Fulcrum ring（汽车）倒档Reverse gear（胎面）平点Flat spot（悬架）纵（拖）臂，纵向拉杆Trailing links（液力）变矩器Torque converter（制动系）放气螺钉Bleeder screw（主减速器）主动小齿轮 Drive pinion（自动变速器）自适应式变速器控制Adaptive transmission control（ATC）U形螺栓，骑马螺栓U-bolt安全阀，卸压阀Pressure-relief valve摆臂Swinging arm摆动半轴Swinging half-axle板簧吊环Spring shackle半轴，驱动轴Axle shafts半轴齿轮Side gear（differential gear）磅/平方英寸Psi=pound per square inch背压Backpressure比例阀，定量阀，配合阀 Proportioning valve必然Tend to补气阀Gulp valve不起作用，停止使用Out of the action 步进电机Stepper motor叉形控制臂前悬A-arm front suspension差速器the differential差压（调节）阀Pressure differential valve柴油机燃料，柴油Diesel-fuel车轮定位Wheel alignment车身The body of a car承载式车身，无大梁车身 Unitized body（or unibody）齿节，齿距Tooth pitch齿轮减速Gear reduction齿轮减速比Gear reduction ratio齿轮式机油泵，齿轮泵Gear type oil pump齿条齿轮式Rack-and-pinion出油阀Delivery valve触点型点火系统Breaker point typeignition system传动比Drive ratio传动比，齿轮齿数比Gear ratio传动系Drive train传动系Power train传动轴Drive shaft传动轴Drive（or propeller）shaft磁场Magnetic field催化转换器Catalytic converter达到Get up to代表Stand for单向离合器，超越离合器 One-way clutch氮氧化物Nitrogen oxide导轴衬，控制轴衬Pilot bushing点火系统Ignition system点火系统the ignition system电动燃油泵Electric pump电控自动变速器Electronically controlled automatic transmission电子控制系统Electronic control system顶档杆（一种具有用手操纵的换挡杠杆的自动换挡装置）Stick shift动力转向系统Power-steering system二氧化硫Sulfur dioxide发动机汽缸体Engine block阀口Valve port防滑差速器Limited-ship differential （LSD）废气再循环Exhaust gas re-circulation （EGR）分火头Distributor rotor分离拨叉Release fork分离轴承Release bearing风窗玻璃刮水器（雨雪刷）Windshield wiper 负前束，后束Toe out干油底壳Dry-sump钢板弹簧，片弹簧Leaf spring钢板弹簧卷耳Spring eye高速档High gear高压导线High tension lead高压锅Pressure cooker根据According to更不用说Not to mention鼓式制动器Drum brake鼓式制动器Drum brakes固定在…，连到…上，附属于Be attached to 归结起来是Boil down to过多转向Over-steer过紧Over-tighten行星齿轮Differential pinion 行星齿轮轴Pinion shaft行星齿轮组Planetary gear set横拉杆Tie rod横置钢板弹簧Transverse leaf spring花键毂Splined hub滑阀，柱式滑阀Spool-valve化油器浮子室Carburetor bowl环形齿轮，齿圈，冕状齿轮Ring gear换向阀，分流阀Diverter valve回油管路Return line回转阀，转阀Rotary valve回转力，侧向反力Cornering force回转式叶片轮，叶片轮Rotary-vane pump火花点火Spark ignition火花塞Spark plug火花塞Spark plug霍尔效应传感器Hall effect sensor机油泵Oil pump机油滤清器Oil filters机油吸油管Pick-up tube积累，增加Build up几乎没有，简直没有Little or no加仑英里，燃油经济性Gas mileage加速踏板Gas pedal减振器Shock absorbers减振器，阻尼器Shock absorber溅着水通过，涉水通过Splash through接合装置Coupling device节流阀Throttle valve节气门拉线（索）Throttle cable节气门体总成Throttle body assembly结果As a result金属V带Metal V-belt紧急停车，紧急制动Panic stop紧急制动器，紧急闸，应急制动Emergencybrake进气冲程Intake stroke进气阀Intake valve晶体管压力传感器Solid statepressure transducer开口销Cotter pin可变速比转向，可变传动比转向装置Variable-ratio steering可伸缩叶片Retractable vane客货两用轿车，旅行车Station wagons空燃比Air/fuel ratio空调冷凝器Air conditioning condenser空转，空闲At idle控制臂Control arms控制套筒Control sleeve冷却系统the cooling system离合器clutch离合器从动盘，离合器摩擦片Clutch disc离合器踏板Clutch pedal离心力Centrifugal force利用，忍受（满足）Do with连杆Connecting rod连同…一起Along with量出Measure off另一方面On the other hand轮缸，分泵Slave cylinder轮胎胎面Tire-tread螺杆Threaded rod螺栓头Bolt head螺旋弹簧Coil spring螺旋锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear滤网Filter screen麦弗逊滑柱悬架Macpherson strutsuspension脉冲宽度Pulse width膜片弹簧Diaphragm spring摩擦衬片Friction lining目的是，用来Be designed to内燃机Internal-combustion engine能量转换Energy conversion扭杆弹簧前悬Torsion bar strutsuspension扭力杆，扭杆弹簧Torsion bar排放控制系统Emission-control system排气冲程Exhaust stroke排气阀Exhaust valve排气系统Exhaust system排气系统exhaust system盘式制动器Disc brake旁通阀Bypass valve泡沫抑制剂Foam inhibitor配气机构Valve train膨胀箱，溢流箱Expansion（overflow）tank平行杠杆式连结Parallel link平行连杆系统Parallelogram system平衡阀Equalizer valve平面凸轮Cam disk起（启）动Start-up气门导管Valve guide气门杆Valve stem气门室盖（罩）Valve cover汽车变速器automotive transmission汽车润滑系统automotive lubricationsystem前轮前束Toe in清洁分散剂Detergent-dispersant球形接头，球节，球窝关节Ball joint球轴承，滚球轴承Ball bearing驱动轮Drive wheel驱动轴，传动轴Drive shaft曲轴箱强制通风PCV=positivecrankcase ventilation取消Cancel out全流式滤清器Full-flow filtering system燃气涡轮发动机Gas-turbine engine燃烧室Combustion chamber燃烧室Combustion chamber燃油喷射系统fuel injection system燃油压力调节器Fuel pressure regulator热能Thermal energy如下As follows润滑系Lubrication system润滑系统Lubricating system上控制臂Upper control arm上止点TDC=Top Dead Center伸出，显眼，触目Stick out湿油底壳Wet-sump使换快档，促进，增加Gear up手动选档的机械变速器Select shiftmanual（SSM）输油泵Fuel feed pump水套Water jacket斯特灵发动机Stirling engine随动臂Idler arm踏板发软Spongy pedal炭罐Charcoal canister听听（有否…），等着听 Listen for凸轮随动杆，气门挺柱（摇臂）Cam follower万向节Universal joints万向节，万向接头U-joint稳定杆，防止车厢侧倾稳定杆Stabilizer bar涡轮，涡轮传动机构Worm gear无分电器点火器Distributorless ignitionsystem无级变速器Continuously variabletransmission无铅汽油Unleaded fuel下止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center详细地In detail橡胶衬套Rubber bushing小齿轮Pinion gear小齿轮角Pinion angle楔块式超越（单向）离合器Sprag clutch泄漏Leak out悬架系统Suspension system循环球式Recirculating ball压盘Pressure plate压缩冲程Compression stroke压缩点火Compression ignition压缩率，压缩比Compression ratio压缩天然气CNG=Compressed natural gas摇臂Rocker arm叶片式泵Vane pump液化石油气体LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液力变矩器，转矩变换器 Torque converter液力耦合器Fluid coupling液压传动（操纵）机构，液压动力缸Hydraulic actuator一…就The moment一氧化碳Carbon monoxide溢流口Spill port油底壳Oil pan油轨Fuel rail有效（供油）行程Effective stroke又名… a.k.a.=also known as与…连接，与…结合Couple with与…相反Out of phase with与…相撞Collide with与啮合Mesh with摘去，拾取Pick … off粘度指数Viscosity index张紧轮，导向轮Jockey pulley长圆孔，长孔，缝槽，切口Slotted hole照做Comply with真空软管Vacuum hose蒸汽机Steam engine正时齿轮Timing gear只不过是，简直是Nothing more than直列式（喷油）泵Inline pump止回阀Check valve止推（推力）垫Thrust pad制动块Brake Pads制动软管Brake hose制动踏板Brake pedal制动蹄（块），闸皮Brake shoe制动蹄（片）Brake shoe制动系Barking system制动系统brake system制动主缸Master cylinder制动助力器Brake booster掷出，甩掉，扔掉Fling off终止，完成，结束Top off钟形外壳，离合器壳，变矩器外壳Bellhousing逐渐减少Taper off主缸Master cylinder主减速器，最终传动Final drive主减速器总成，最终传动装置Final driveassembly柱塞套Plunger barrel铸铁Cast iron铸铁，锻铁Cast iron转向半径Turning radius转向垂臂，转向摇臂，转向臂Pitman arm转向管柱Steering column转向横拉杆Tie rod转向减速比，转向变速比 Steering ratio转向角Steering angle转向节Stub axle转向节主销，旋转销Swivel pin转向盘Steering wheel转向器Steering box转向器Steering gears转向梯形机构，转向几何机构Steeringgeometry转向系Steering system转向限值Turning limit锥齿轮，伞齿轮Bevel gear自动选档的机械变速器Auto shift manual（ASM）纵向的，前后的Force-and-aft阻蚀剂，腐蚀抑制剂Corrosion inhibitor组合车身Unit body组合阀Combination valve做功冲程Power stroke。
计算机专业英语汉译英技巧与方法
计算机专业英语汉译英技巧与方法
计算机专业英语汉译英技巧与方法
计算机专业英语汉译英是计算机专业学习中必不可少的一部分，对于计算机专业的学生来说，掌握计算机专业英语的汉译英技巧和方法是非常重要的。
以下是一些汉译英的技巧和方法：
1. 熟悉计算机专业术语
计算机专业英语有很多专业术语，这些术语是计算机专业的基础，因此学生需要熟悉这些术语。
学生可以通过课本、教材、网络等途径来学习这些术语。
2. 理解上下文
在进行汉译英时，学生需要理解上下文。
学生需要了解整个句子的意思，而不仅仅是其中的某个单词或短语。
这样可以帮助学生更好地理解整个句子，从而更好地进行汉译英。
3. 注意语法和词汇
在进行汉译英时，学生需要注意语法和词汇。
学生需要了解英语的语法规则和词
汇用法，这样可以帮助学生更好地进行汉译英。
此外，学生还需要注意英语的时态、语态、主谓一致等问题。
4. 学习常用表达方式
在计算机专业英语中，有很多常用的表达方式，例如“in order to”、“as a result of”等。
学生需要学习这些表达方式，以便在进行汉译英时更好地表达自己的意思。
5. 多做练习
最后，学生需要多做练习。
只有通过不断的练习，才能够更好地掌握计算机专业英语的汉译英技巧和方法。
学生可以通过做题、翻译文章等方式来进行练习。
总之，计算机专业英语汉译英技巧和方法需要学生不断地学习和练习，只有这样才能够更好地掌握这门技能。
专业英语八级汉译英(论说文类)强化练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级汉译英（论说文类）强化练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 5. TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English.1．尽管品格在很大程度上依赖于性情和体魄、家庭教育、早期训练以及伙伴的榜样，每一个人还是有能力通过警醒的、坚持不懈的自制来规范、约束和砥砺他的品格。
自制是一切美德的基石。
假使一个人放纵自己的冲动和情感，从那一刻起他也就放弃了道义上的自由。
要获得道义上的自由，即超越动物，人类必须能够抵御本能的冲动，而这只有通过自制才能实现。
正确答案：Although the moral character depends on temperament and physical health in a great degree, as well as on domestic and early training and the example of companions, it is also in the power of each individual to regulate, to restrain and to discipline it by watchful and persevering self-control. Self-control is at the foot of all the virtues. Let a man give the reins to his impulses and passions, and from that moment he yields up his moral freedom. To be morally free—be more than an animal—man must be able to resist instinctive impulse, and this can only be done by the exercise of self-control.解析：1．第一段是个长句子，前后为转折关系，所以用表示转折的连词although来衔接。
专业英语翻译(中英对照)
Unit one ：Environmental Engineering环境工程What is this book about？这本书是关于什么的？The objective of this book is to introduce engineering and science students to the interdisciplinary study of environment problems；their cause，why they are of concern，and how we can control them. The book includes:这本书的目的是使理工科的学生了解跨学科间的研究环境问题;它们的起因，为什么它们受到关注，以及我们怎样控制它们。
这本书包括：●Description of what is meant by environment and environmental systems描述环境和环境系统意味着什么●Information on the basic causes of environmental disturbances关于引起环境干扰基础原因的基本信息●Basic scientific knowledge necessary to understand the nature of environmentalproblems and to be able to quantify them理解环境问题本质，并能够定量计算它们所必要的基本科学知识●Current state of the technology of environmental control in its application towater，air and pollution problems目前适用于水，空气和环境污染问题的环境控制技术的现状●Considerable gaps in our current scientific knowledge of understanding andcontrolling many of the complex interactions between human activities and nature我们目前的科学知识在理解和控制人类活动和自然之间复杂的相互作用的科学知识上存在相当大的缺陷●Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or reduced by theapplication of current technology，but which are not dealt with because of society’s lack of will to do so，or in many instance because of a lack of resources to do so.许多环境问题可以应用现有技术消除或减少，但没有得到处理是因为社会缺乏这样做的意愿，或者像许多例子那样因为缺乏资源。
专业英语汉译英
碳：carbon 氢：hydrogen氧：oxygen氮: azote铜： cuprum铁：iron铝：aluminum银：silver阴离子:anionic阳离子：cationic氢离子：hydrogen ion 硫酸：sulphate氯化氢：hydrogen chloride硝酸：Nitric acid氢氧化钠：Sodium hydroxide硫酸铜：Copper sulfate碳酸钾：Potassium carbonate过氧化氢：Hydrogen peroxide氰化钾：Potassium cyanide 碳酸氢铵：Ammonium bicarbonate硫化钠：Sodium sulfide氯化铵：ammonium chloride二氧化碳：Carbon dioxide三氧化二铁：Ferric oxide次氯酸钠：Sodium hypochlorite碱式碳酸铜：The alkali type copper carbonate甲烷：methane环己烷：cyclohexane异丙基：isopropyl丁烯：butene2-庚烯-5-炔：2 - heptene - 5 - acetylene对二甲苯：paraxylene甲醇：methanol 巯基乙醇：mercaptoethanol乙酸：Acetic acid乙酸乙酯：Ethyl acetate乙醚:ether 乙腈：acetonitrile正丁胺：N-butyl amine丙酮：acetone二氯甲烷：Methylene chlorideN，N-二甲基亚砜：N, N dimethyl sulfoxideN,N-二甲基甲酰胺：N, N - dimethyl formamide试管：In vitro漏斗：funnel烧杯：A beaker烧瓶：A flask原子结构：Atomic structure共价键：Covalent bond同位素：isotope质量数：Mass number化学方程式：The chemical equation合成：synthetic半衰期：The half-life通风厨：Ventilated kitchen反应物：The reactants百分收率：The percentage yield无机化学：Inorganic chemistry结构式：structured分子轨道：Analysis of track分析化学：In analytical chemistry滴定法：titration溶解性：solubility有机化学：Organic chemistry催化剂：catalyst卤素：halogen物理化学：Physical and chemical3.576（科学计数）：3.576 count (science)晶体：crystal聚合物：polymer。
英语专业考研汉英翻译高分特训100篇(汉译英技巧指南)
第1章汉译英技巧指南英汉两种语言属不同语系，经过长期的历史演变构成了自己鲜明的特点。
因此，对比英汉两种语言的异同，从而掌握它们的特点，对做好英汉互译是十分重要的。
英汉翻译的翻译理论、方法和技巧都建立在英汉两种语言的对比上。
在具体介绍英汉翻译技巧之前，本部分将对英汉两种语言进行宏观上的对比，以助于译者掌握两种语言的特点，并在翻译时自觉运用这些特点，译出更符合目标语的译文。
一、英语重结构，汉语重语义英语造句常用各种形式和手段连接词、语、分句或从句，注重显性接应，注重句子形式，注重结构完整，注重以形显意。
句子以形寓意，以法摄神，因而严密规范，采用的是焦点句法。
与英语造句手段不同，汉语造句注重隐形连贯，注重逻辑事理顺序，注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，注重意念连贯，不求结构齐整。
句子以意役形，以神统法，因而流泻铺排，采用的是散点句法。
汉语很少用甚至不用形式连接手段，词语之间的关系常在不言之中，语法意义和逻辑关系常隐含在字里行间。
英译汉时，往往要先分析句子的结构、形式，才能确定句子的功能、意义；汉译英时，则要先分析句子的功能、意义，才能确定句子的结构、形式，这样才能使译文通顺、流畅。
二、英语是综合语，汉语是分析语英语是综合性语言，它主要通过本身的形态变化（如数、时、格等）来表达其语言意义。
如表示不同时态时，规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在动词原形后加-ed，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词都各有不同变化。
汉语是分析性语言，它的语法关系和句法关系主要不是通过词语本身来体现，而是通过虚词、词序等手段表示出来的。
比如，单看“工作”这个词，很难判断其词性，但如果说“努力工作（work hard），找工作（to find jobs）”，就很容易看出来了。
三、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心在表达多逻辑思维时，英语往往是判断或结论等在前，事实或描写等在后，即重心在前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论，即重心在后。
例如：The visit gives me the opportunity which I have long sought, to see for myself the achievement of the Chinese people.这次访问使我有机会亲眼看一看中国人民取得的成就，这是我向往已久的。
医学专业英语翻译名词汉译英
随意肌 voluntary muscle;
胚胎学 embryology;
心理学 psychology;
细胞学 cytology;
原生质 protoplasm;
细胞膜 cell membrane;
细胞核 nucleus;
细胞质(浆)cytoplasm;
脱氧核糖核酸 deoxyribonucleic acid;
GI gastrointestinal 胃肠道
GH growth hormone 生长激素
PTH parathormone 甲状旁腺激素
CT ealcitonin 降钙素
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes
Ig immunoglobulin
ERT estrogen replacement therapy 雌激素替代疗法
肌肉收缩 muscle contraction;
肌肉附着点 attachment of the muscle;
肌肉放松 relaxation of muscle;
动脉出血arterial hemorrhage;
止端 insertion;起端 origion;供血 blood supply;
肌电图 electromyogram;
多发性硬化 multiple sclerosis;
心电图 electrocardiograph;
疾病的后遗症 sequelea of disease;
光纤技术 fiber optic technology;
造血系统 hematopoietic system;
组织学 histology;
专业英语第一章(英译汉+汉译英)
第一单元（HB纯手工出版）(1-1)Many of the products and services in modern society are based upon the work of electrical engineers and computer scientists. The tremendous reduction over the last decade in the cost of digital electronic devices has led to an explosive growth in the use of computers and computation. At the same time, our increased understanding of computer science has made possible the development of new software systems of increased power, sophistication, and flexibility.现代社会的许多产品和服务都是以电气工程师和计算机科学家的工作为基础的。
在过去的十年里，数字电子设备成本的大幅降低导致了计算机和计算的爆炸性增长。
与此同时，我们对计算机科学的理解不断加深，使得开发更强大、更复杂、更灵活的新软件系统成为可能。
(1-2) In November 1971，Intel introduced the world's first commercial microprocessor, the4004，invented by three Intel engineers. Primitive by today' s standards, it contained a mere 2, 300 transistors and performed about 60, 000 calculations in a second. Today, the microprocessor is the most complex mass- produced product ever, with millions of transistors performing hundreds of millions of calculations each second.1971年11月，英特尔公司推出了世界上第一台商用微处理器,代号4004，由三位因特尔工程师发明。
英语专业八级测试汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解
原文：吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。（2004真题）
译文：You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.
（2）动词→介词
例：
原文：这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。（2002真题）
译文：Thus, every place, with its own legends and tales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.
分析：应准确把握“转移”这个词在这里的确切含义，切忌望文生义。
（2）表意模糊的词
有些汉语词语比较笼统，表意模糊，译成英语时应突破汉语重直觉、重表象的思维模式，寻求词语的确切含义。
例1：
原文：昨天看电影我没有买到好票。
译文：I did not buy a good seat for yesterday’s film.
英语专业八级测试
汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解
（一）词的翻译1、词义选择 Nhomakorabea所谓词义选择，是指词本来就有这个意思，问题是要我们去选，把其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。正确选词是保证译文质量的重要环节，如果能做到在词语概念和字面形式上都对等当然最好，如果不能兼顾，则取概念，舍形式。越是普通的词，越是拥有繁多的释义和搭配，翻译过程中的词义也就越难以确定。选词时，要注意词义的广狭、所处语境、词的褒贬和色彩进行翻译。
例3：
原文：用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画成立体。
例2：
原文：他是个墙头草，谁硬就跟谁。
译文：He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.
专业英语翻译(中英对照)
1. Electrical Measuring Instruments电子测量仪表Electrical personnel use many different types of measuring instruments. 电子技术人员使用许多不同类型的测量仪器。
Some jobs require very accurate measurements while other jobs need only rough estimates. 一些工作需要精确测量面另一些工作只需粗略估计。
Some instruments are used solely to determine whether or not a circuit is complete. 有些仪器被使用仅仅是确定线路是否完整。
The most common measuring and testing instruments are voltage testers, voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, continuity testers, megohmmeters, wattmeters（功率计）, and watt-hour meters（电度表，电表）。
最常用的测量测试仪表有：电压测试仪，电压表，欧姆表，连续性测试仪，兆欧表，瓦特表还有瓦特小时表。
All meters used for measuring electrical values are basically current meters. 所有测量电值的表基本上都是电流表。
They measure or compare the values of current flowing through them. 他们测量或是比较通过他们的电流值。
The meters are calibrated and the scale is designed to read the value of the desired unit. 这些仪表可以被校准并且设计了不同的量程，以便读出期望的数值。
专业英语八级翻译分类真题汉译英(二)
专业英语八级翻译分类真题汉译英(二)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}TRANSLATION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}CHINESE TO ENGLISH{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点儿强求、干涉和控制。
{{U}}彼此之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交，反之，则离、则绝。
朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬，这样，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在{{/U}}。
{{U}}每个人都希望拥有自己的一片私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。
待友不敬，有时或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。
维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉，久而敬之才能天长地久{{/U}}。
（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：([直译] The continuation of friendship is on the premise that one respects the other. It does not allow any bit of forcing, interference or control. {{U}}If one shares interest, taste, and value of the other, they will come together and relate to one another; otherwise, they stay away from one another and discontinue their relations. No matter how familiar friends may be and how close their relations are, they shall not be too casual to show disrespect and impoliteness. Otherwise, their harmony will break, their balance will be lost, and the friendly relationship between them will come to an end{{/U}}. {{U}}Every one wants a personal space, a forbidden space one may call one's own. If friends are too casual to one another, they may unconsciously invade the other's personal space, so that conflicts may arise, and separation may result. Treating friends with disrespect may seemingly be a small matter, but in fact, it has already sown a destructive seed. We keep a friendly relation best if we relate to one another with due respect and politeness, each not interfering the other's business. Always respect your friends, and your friendship will last{{/U}}. [意译] Mutual respect is the basis of friendship. Any bit of forcing, interference or control will only help to break up this relationship. {{U}}People who share the same interest and taste, who have the same value, come together to form good relationships, whereas people who do not stay away from each other and end their relationships. Familiar though friends may be to one another, and close as their relations, if one is too casual, the other may feel that he is not treated with due respect and politeness. As a result, the harmony may break, the balance may be lost, and their friendly relationship may be finished{{/U}}. {{U}}We all want to have a personal space, a space of our own. If we the friends are too casual to each other, we may unconsciously invade this forbidden space, causing conflicts and making us split up. Casual behavior among friends may seem a small matter. In fact, it is a destructive seed. Don't interfere with your friends' business, and always respect your friends. It is mutual respect and politeness that best keeps a friendly relation and makes it last{{/U}}.)解析：[解析] 首先，这是一篇典型的中国文人写的散文，酷似中国画和书法，洋洋洒洒，读起来使人难免有些飘飘然的朦胧感觉。
各专业英文翻译
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2021年英语考研英语专业考研汉英翻译复习技巧与资料
2021年英语考研英语专业考研汉英翻译复习技巧与资料第1章汉译英技巧指南英汉语言对比英汉两种语言属不同语系，经过长期的历史演变构成了自己鲜明的特点。
因此，对比英汉两种语言的异同，从而掌握它们的特点，对做好英汉互译是十分重要的。
英汉翻译的翻译理论、方法和技巧都建立在英汉两种语言的对比上。
在具体介绍英汉翻译技巧之前，本部分将对英汉两种语言进行宏观上的对比，以助于译者掌握两种语言的特点，并在翻译时自觉运用这些特点，译出更符合目标语的译文。
一、英语重结构，汉语重语义英语造句常用各种形式和手段连接词、语、分句或从句，注重显性接应，注重句子形式，注重结构完整，注重以形显意。
句子以形寓意，以法摄神，因而严密规范，采用的是焦点句法。
与英语造句手段不同，汉语造句注重隐形连贯，注重逻辑事理顺序，注重功能、意义，注重以神统形，注重意念连贯，不求结构齐整。
句子以意役形，以神统法，因而流泻铺排，采用的是散点句法。
汉语很少用甚至不用形式连接手段，词语之间的关系常在不言之中，语法意义和逻辑关系常隐含在字里行间。
英译汉时，往往要先分析句子的结构、形式，才能确定句子的功能、意义；汉译英时，则要先分析句子的功能、意义，才能确定句子的结构、形式，这样才能使译文通顺、流畅。
二、英语是综合语，汉语是分析语英语是综合性语言，它主要通过本身的形态变化（如数、时、格等）来表达其语言意义。
如表示不同时态时，规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在动词原形后加-ed，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词都各有不同变化。
汉语是分析性语言，它的语法关系和句法关系主要不是通过词语本身来体现，而是通过虚词、词序等手段表示出来的。
比如，单看“工作”这个词，很难判断其词性，但如果说“努力工作（work hard），找工作（to find jobs）”，就很容易看出来了。
三、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心在表达多逻辑思维时，英语往往是判断或结论等在前，事实或描写等在后，即重心在前；汉语则是由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论，即重心在后。
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第一单元
1.太阳系八大行星中，一般把水星、金星、地球和火星称为类地行星，它们的共同特点是其主要由石质和铁质构成，半径和质量较小，但密度较高。
Among the eight planets in the Solar system, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called the terrestrial planets. All of them consist of lithoid and ferruginous materials mostly with relatively smaller radius and mass and higher density .
2.太阳系是由受太阳引力约束的天体组成的系统，它的最大范围约可延伸到1光年以外。
The Solar system consists of objects restricted by solar gravitation and its maximal bound may exceed 1 light year.
第二单元
太阳系中的八大行星（水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星）都在接近同一平面的近圆形轨道上朝同一方向绕太阳公转。
Eight planets of the Solar system orbit the Sun in or near the same plane with nearly circular orbits and in the same direction.
地球绕太阳公转的速度为每秒30公里，绕太阳一周需要365天5时48分46秒，也就是一年，天文学上称之为回归年。
Earth revolution takes 365 days 5 hours 48 minutes and 46 seconds or one year, called the tropical year on astronomy to revolve around the Sun one cycle with a speed of 30 kilometers a [per] second.
这就说明，四季的变化与近日点和远日点无关。
This phenomenon indicates that the seasons have nothing to do with the perihelion and the aphelion.
第三单元
我们生活的地球是一个形状像梨一样的椭球体，它的赤道半径6378 km，极半径6357 km，平均地球半径6371 km，总质量5.976×1024 kg
The Earth we live on is a pear-shaped ellipsoid with an equatorial radius of 6378 km，a polar radius of 6357 km，an average radius of 6371 km and a total mass of 5.976×1024 kg.
下地幔的主要物质组成为Mg（32%）、FeO（18%）、SiO2（50%）（32%）、FeO（18%）、SiO2（50%），下地幔处于高温高压状态，温度约为3700℃。
压强从23.8 GPa增大到135.7 GPa。
The lower mantle is at a high temperature and pressure condition and the temperature is about 3700℃and the pressure is from 23.8 GPa to 135.7 GPa.
第六单元
地球上的水资源以气态、液态和固态在陆地、海洋和大气间不断循环。
Water resource on the Earth is continually cycled between landmasses, oceans and atmosphere as gas, liquid and solid.
这种不平衡可通过由陆地流入海洋的水而补偿，河流是陆地上的水流向海洋的主要通道。
This imbalance can be compensated by water flowing from the landmasses to the oceans and rivers are the main channels in which water flows from the landmasses to the oceans.
第七单元
河流地貌是河流作用[于地球表面]，[经侵蚀、搬运和堆积过程所形成]的（各种侵蚀、堆积地貌的）总称。
Fluvial landform is the general term（of various types of erosion and accumulation landforms）（produced by fluvial processes）[on the surface of the Earth][through erosion, transport and deposit].
河流阶地是河流地貌中重要的地貌类型，可以分为侵蚀阶地、堆积阶地、基座阶地和埋藏阶地。
Fluvial terrace is an important type of fluvial landform which is composed of erosion and accumulation terrace, basement terrace, and buried terrace.。