Lesson 3 Chapter 3科技英语翻译

Exercise
The rusting of iron is the slow chemical combination of the elements iron and oxygen in moist atmosphere. 铁生锈是铁元素和氧元素在湿空气中缓慢 化合的现象。 He is a stranger to the operation of the electronic computer. 他对电子计算机的操作是陌生的。
The decay of organic matter is a slow oxidation by oxygen in the air. 有机物的腐烂是空气中的氧引起的一种缓慢 氧化过程。 In order to improve a certain kind of battery, Edison spent almost ten years and made nearly 50,000 experiments. 为了改善一种电池的性能，爱迪生花了差不 多十年时间，做了近50000次试验。
EST- Abbreviations
1 Acronyms
laser light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation "通过受激发射光扩大"。 radar radio detecting and ranging “无线电探测与定位” sonar sound navigation and ranging “声音导航与测距”，是一种利用声波在水下的传播 特性，通过电声转换和信息处理，完成水下探测和通 Baidu Nhomakorabea任务的电子设备。
A key element in system capacity planning is the financial cost of performance. 系统能力计划中关键因素是性能的金融成 本。
The study of the strength of solids involves the study of the defects in the crystalline structure. 研究固体的强度，就必须研究晶体结构中的缺陷。
2)音意合译
Magnus moment Einstein equation Doppler effect Curie plot Bessel function radar chain force pump 玛格努斯力矩 爱因斯坦方程 多普勒效应 居里曲线 贝塞尔函数 雷达防线 压力泵
3) 音译增补汉语语素
alnico carbine carnival konstantan sauna 阿尔尼科铁镍铝钴合金 卡宾枪 嘉年华会 康铜 桑拿浴
2 借译
emotional quotient firewall information superhighway microwave test-tube baby millennium bug router linear-induction motor nano-technology 情商 防火墙 信息高速公路 微波 试管婴儿 千年虫 路由器 汽轮机列车 纳米技术
AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome
获得性免疫缺乏综合症
艾滋病
2 Initials
UPS uninterrupted power supply
不间断电源 不断电系统
CAD CD GPS IC IT VCD WWW
CPU
增译 According to the molecular theory the temperature of an object depends on the average speed of its molecules. 根据分子理论的原理，物体的温度取决于 其分子的平均速度。
4 转译 All plants and animals need carbon for growth. 所有动植物均需要碳才能生长。 The primary concern of electrical engineering is the doing of work by the delivery of energy. 电工学主要关注的是通过输送能量做功的 情况。
借用动物，常用物品，人体器官引申为专业术语
fox cock fish bench desk bed foot hand tooth
绳索 旋塞，吊车 接合板，夹板 拉床，钳工台 控制屏 底座，机床身 支座 手柄，指针 粗糙面
3 形象译法
T-square H-post I-steel T-beam Z-iron X-brace O-ring V-brace 丁字尺 工字杆 工字钢 丁字梁 乙字铁 叉形支撑 O 环形 V形切口
EST- Clipping Words
auto dozer quake fridge flue lab phone maths gas amp automobile bulldozer earthquake refrigerator influenza laboratory telephone mathematics gasoline ampere
科技术语的译法
1音译法 1) 完全音译 技术单位，科技专名，首字母缩略词 gallon ohm pint
pound
加伦 欧姆 品脱 磅
ounce ampere volt calorie joule hertz watt clone hacker nylon
盎司 安培 伏特 卡路里 焦耳 赫兹 瓦特 克隆 黑客 尼龙
2 重复 Energy can neither be created, nor destroyed by any means known to man. 用人们已知的方法，既不能创造能量也不 能消灭能量。 It is customary to refer to design levels as high or low on component complexity. 习惯上根据部件的复杂程度把设计级称为 高设计级和低设计级。
4 拆译
barothemograph baro themo graph 气压 温度 记录器 气压温度计 carboxyhemoglobin carbo xy hemo globin 碳 氧 血 蛋白 碳氧血红蛋白
telemicroscope tele micro scope 远 微观 镜 望远显微镜 magnetohydrodynamics magnet ohydro dynamics 磁 水/氢 力学 磁流体力学
I 名词的翻译
1 直译
In an unusual application, this organization uses a fingerprint scanner to monitor the comings and goings of its residents. 一个不同寻常的用途是：这个机构使用指纹扫 描器监视居住人员的进出。 A capacitor is used to eliminate sparking when a circuit containing inductance is suddenly opened. 当含有电感的电路突然断开时，可用电容器消 除火花。
冠词的翻译
1 不定冠词 1) 一般译法 A polymer is a substance of high molecular weight. 聚合物是一种高分子的物质。 Being a good insulator, rubber is often used in cables. 橡胶是一种良好的绝缘体，所以经常使用 在电缆上。
Translation
1 Series circuits do have the advantage of increasing resistance to reduce current when this is desirable. 2 The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator or dynamo. 3 The application of electronic computers makes a tremendous rise in labor productivity.
Computer Assisted Design compact disc Global Positioning System integrated circuit information technology video compact disc World Wide Web central processing unit
An object at rest has no kinetic energy, its velocity being zero. 静止的物体没有动能，因为它的速度为零。 on a large scale 大规模地 a majority of 大多数的 a wealth of 大量的 as a result 结果，因此
2 定冠词的翻译 1) 一般译法 The mechanism has been termed cumulative feedback inhibition. 这种机制就叫做累加反馈抑制。 2) 省译 The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. 计算机的基本任务是处理信息。
engine vitamin penicillin combine laser diesel microphone ultimatum modern romantic
引擎 维他命 盘尼西林 康拜因 莱塞\镭射 狄塞尔 麦克风 哀的美敦书 摩登 罗曼蒂克
发动机 维生素 青霉素 联合收割机 激光 柴油机 话筒 最后通牒 现代 传奇式
EST Translation
Chapter 3
Translation
1 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 2 Were there no gravity, there would be no air around the earth. 假如没有重力，地球周围就没有空气。 3 This kind of machine can work in succession for five or six days. 这种机器可以连续运行五六天。
The patient was administered the mixture twice a week. 这种混合剂病人每周服用两次。 These machines may be oiled once or twice a month. 这些机器每个月可以加一次或两次油。
2) 省译 A bearing can be defined as a member specifically designed to support moving machine components. 轴承可以定义为一种专门用于支撑运动着 的机器零件的构件。 Use a transformer and power at low voltage can be changed into power at high voltage. 使用变压器可将低压电转变为高压电。