信息科技英语翻译
大学英语四六级翻译--科技类词汇(精炼版)
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四六级翻译——科技类词汇1.科技园science and technology park2.高新技术开发区high-tech industrial zones3.信息产业IT (Information Technology)4.电器设备electrical appliance5.电子设备electronic device6.电子商务e-commerce7.人工智能artificial intelligience8.先进技术advanced technology9.尖端技术state-of-the-art technology10.载人航天飞行manned space flight11.发射成功successful launch12.自然科学natural science13.新兴学科new branch of science14.科技成果research achievements15.科学发展观concept of scientific development16.科教兴国revitalize China through science and education17.可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development18.科技基础设施science and technology infrastructure19.专利,专利权patent20.生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture21.物种起源origin of species22.生物工程bio-technology23.基因工程genetic engineering24.转基因食品GM food (genetically modified food)25.技术产权technology property right26.科技含量technology content27.电脑病毒computer virus28.黑客hacker29.垃圾邮件junk mail30.数码科技digital technology31.虚拟社区virtual community32.网络空间cyber space 网络文化cyber culture33.网民netizen34.克隆cloning 激光laser35.纳米nanometer 粒子particle36.太阳能/ 核能/ 原子能solar/ nuclear/ atomic energy37.突飞猛进advance by leaps and bounds38.技术创新technological innovation39.中国科学院the Chinese Academy of Science40.科学技术是第一生产力Science and technology constitute the foremost productive forces.41.科技前沿the forefront of science and technology42.科技发明的传播和交流dissemination and exchanges of advanced scientific andtechnological inventions。
信息与通信工程专业科技英语翻译20
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信息科技的英语作文带翻译
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信息科技的英语作文带翻译题目,Information Technology。
信息科技。
Information technology, often abbreviated as IT, has become an integral part of modern society. It refers to the use of computers, software, networks, and other devices to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data. In today's digital age, information technology plays a crucial role in various aspects of our lives, including communication, education, business, healthcare, and entertainment.信息技术,通常缩写为IT,已成为现代社会的一个不可或缺的部分。
它指的是使用计算机、软件、网络和其他设备来存储、检索、传输和操纵数据。
在今天的数字时代,信息技术在我们生活的各个方面起着至关重要的作用,包括通信、教育、商业、医疗和娱乐。
One of the most significant impacts of information technology is on communication. With the advent of theinternet, communication has become faster, easier, and more convenient than ever before. Email, instant messaging,social media platforms, and video conferencing have revolutionized the way people interact and exchange information. Distance is no longer a barrier to communication, as individuals from different parts of the world can connect in real-time through various online channels.信息技术最重要的影响之一是在通信方面。
信息与通信工程专业科技英语翻译10
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X. Third Generation Wireless Networks第三代无线网络移动通信简介电信工业面临着向用户稀少而安装固定电话网络成本很高的乡间地区提供电话服务的问题。
降低有线电话高昂基础设施费用的一个方法是使用固定无线电网络。
这一方面存在的问题是,对于乡间和城市需要由大的蜂窝单元以达到足够的覆盖。
而且由于多径传播的长时间延迟又遇到额外的问题。
目前在澳大利亚全球移动通信系统(GSM)技术正被用于农村地区的固定无线电话系统。
然而GSM使用时分复用(TDMA),这种技术的符号速率很高,会导致多径引起码间干扰的问题。
人们正在考虑用于下一代数字电话系统的好几种技术,目的是改进蜂窝单元的容量、抗多径干扰以及灵活性。
这些技术包括CDMA和COFDM,这两者都能用于向农村提供固定无线系统。
不过每一种技术有不同的性质,分别适用于特定的应用。
COFDM目前正用于一些新的无线广播系统包括高清晰度电视(HDTV)提案和数字音频广播(DAB),而对COFDM作为一种移动通信系统的传输方法却研究甚少。
在CDMA中所有用户在同一频带中传输,他们用特殊的码实现信道化。
基站和移动站都知道用于调制发送数据的码。
OFDM/COFDM通过将可用带宽分成许多窄带载波使许多用户能在给定的频带内发送信号。
每个用户分配到若干载波在其中发送数据。
传输以这样的方法进行:载波之间相互正交因而它们可以被安排得比标准得频分复用(FDM)拥挤得多,这就使OFDM/COFDM有很高的频谱使用效率。
第三代无线网络数字网络使用的扩展已经导致了设计大容量通信网络的需要。
在欧洲,蜂窝型系统到2000年的需求预计将达到1500至2000万户,而美国(1995年)已经超过了3000万户。
无线通信服务正以每年50%的速度增长,目前的第二代欧洲数字系统(GSM)预期在21世纪初达到饱和。
随着广泛的业务需求如视频会议、互联网服务、数据网络、多媒体等的发展,电信工业也在变化之中。
信息与通信工程专业科技英语翻译16
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XVI. Optical Communication Components光通信元件光纤正如先前所讨论的,大气不能被用来作为地面光通信的传输信道。
最有前途的信道是光纤波导。
光纤基本上由一个中心透明的称为纤芯的区域和一个环绕纤芯的称为包层的折射率较低的区域所组成。
(见图16.1)。
纤芯的折射率既可以是均匀的,也可以是从中心向外具有递减梯度的。
前一种光纤也称为匀芯光纤(见图16.2),由于在纤芯包层的界面处的全内反射现象而形成光导。
后一种光纤称为渐变率光纤(见图16.3),是由光束朝纤芯中央连续折射而产生光导。
图16.1由一个折射率为n1的透明材料并环绕着稍低折射率n2的包层组成的典型光纤。
纤芯和包层的典型直径分别为50和125μm。
传播能量的大部分被限制在纤芯内,包层中的场按指数律衰减。
图16.2匀芯光纤的纤芯折射率是常数。
以大于临界角射到纤芯-包层界面处的光线被束缚在波导的纤芯内。
在这样的光纤中,与轴线成较大角度传播的光线比起那些以较小角度传播的光线来,要经过较长的路径,因此需要用较多的时间。
这一现象导致在其中传播的脉冲显著地展宽。
图16.3渐变光纤的纤芯折射率沿轴心连续地减小。
图16.3(a)展示了一种横跨光纤纤芯的折射率的典型变化。
在这样的光纤中,光线朝纤芯中央连续折射而被束缚在纤芯内,如图(b)所示,这使光线产生周期性的聚焦。
在这样的光纤中,即使与轴线夹角较大的光线要经过较长的路径,但由于是在折射率较低光速较大的区域内传播,比起均匀芯质的光纤来脉冲的扩散就要小些。
在光波导中,存在着不改变场结构并以固定的相位和群速传播的特殊的场分布。
这些场结构称为光波导的模。
这些模以不同的传播常数和不同的群速度为特征。
在多模光波导中,存在着大量的这种传播模式,而在单模光波导中,只存在一种传播模式。
每种模式的大部分能量都在纤芯内部,但由于纤芯外部存在的迅衰场(泄漏场),一部分能量也在包层中传播。
通过将包层做得足够厚,可使传播模式的场在包层-空气界面处很弱,使得光纤便于处置和支撑而不会严重地扰乱传播模式。
科技英语词汇的翻译
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1)机械行业 2)造船业 3)建筑业 4)地质 5)运输业 6)航空业 7)军事
• 6.常用名词来代替动词
词义的选择
• 1.根据词类选择词义
主要是针对一些兼类词,这些词在句中承担的成分 不同,其词性不同,词义也会不同。 The earth rounds the sun。
地球绕太阳旋转。(动词)
In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating electric field.
antibody, antivirus interplay, inter-Korean relations microcosm, microcomputer circumstance, circumference contradiction, contravene multimedia, multimode
I 低速制动器
• 动词和介词(副词) • This substance we call water, and comes
next only to oxygen.
这种物质我们称之为水,其重要性仅次于
氧。
• The seeds have not come up yet.
种子尚未发芽。
• These ink stains won’t come out.
要洗出好照片,适当的曝光是必要的。
• We recommend to develop first of all a computer line program with the help of the CP525.
科技英语课文句子翻译Unit1-10
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Sentence TranslationUnit 1Text A1.However, the volume of business done on the Internet is growing rapidly, as people orderbooks and other products to make money transactions.但是,因特网上的交易数量急速增长,人们从网上购书和其他的产品,进行资金交易。
2.They use them to prowl the Internet, looking for ways to break into computers systems runby banks, telephone companies and even government departments.他们用电脑上网,寻找能够进入银行电脑系统、电话公司的电脑系统、甚至是政府的电脑系统的方式。
3.The first indication of a security breach may be when a customer discovers a fraudulentmoney transaction on a credit card account.当顾客发现信用卡的帐号上出现了来历不明的消费时,这可能就是安全受到了破坏的第一个标志。
4.The use of credit cards to buy things on the Internet converts the issue of Internet securityinto one of general security.用信用卡在网上购物使网络安全变成了大众所普遍关注的安全的一种5.Few people think twice about giving a credit card number over the phone and many areequally careless about what happens to the carbon copy when completing a transaction over the counter.很多人会在电话里随意报出自己的信用卡号码,同样地,也有很多人不留意交易完成后放在银行柜台上的副本。
《科技英语阅读》课后名词解释和翻译
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Unit1 mathematics名词解释绝对补集absolute complement / 代数algebra /代数式algebraic expression / 代数方程algebraic equation / 代数不等式algebraic inequality / 任意常数arbitrary constant / 数组array / 底数;基数base number / 连续函数continuous function / 函数function / 复合函数function of function / 函数记号functional notation / 集合aggregate / 子集subset /迭代函数iterative function/优先权之争priority battle/分形特征fractal properties/有意义make sense/以越来越小的规模重复同一模式patterns repeat themselves at smaller and smaller scales/混沌理论chaos theory/季刊a quarterly journal/数学界the mathematics community/波纹线crisp lines/会议公报proceedings of a conference翻译3. Translate the sentences into Chinese.1)他主要是因为用分形这个概念来描述(海岸线、雪花、山脉和树木)等不规则形状等现象而闻名于世,这些不规则形状在越来越小的规模上不断重复同一模式。
2)如果再仔细观察,就可以发现集的边界并没有呈波纹线,而是像火焰一样闪光。
3)但是,克朗兹在这场辩论中引入了一个新东西,他说曼德布洛特集不是曼德布洛特集发明的,而是早在“曼德布洛特集”这个术语出现几年以前就已经明确地在数学文献中出现了。
4)曼德布洛特同时也暗示即使布鲁克斯和马特尔斯基的论文先于他发表,但因为他们没有领会到其价值,仍然不能将他们看作是曼德布洛特集的发现者。
关于科技的英语演讲稿—Technology带翻译(精选多篇)
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关于科技的英语演讲稿—Technology带翻译(精选多篇)演讲稿一:科技改变人们的生活Ladies and gentlemen, good morning!Today, I'd like to talk about how technology has changed people's lives.As we all know, technology has brought about many profound changes in our daily lives. Thanks to the invention of smartphones, we can easily access information, communicate with friends and work remotely, among many other things. Computers and the internet have created new opportunities for businesses and education, and have revolutionized the way we think about work and learning.On the medical front, technology has also had a tremendous impact. For example, medical drones can deliver life-saving supplies to remote areas, and telemedicine allows patients to access medical consultations and treatments from the comfort of their homes. The development of advanced medical technologies, such as robotic surgery and personalized medicine, has also improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.In addition, technology is changing the way we interact with the environment. Smart homes, for instance, can reduce energy waste and lower utility bills, and electric cars can greatly reduce air pollution caused by gas-powered vehicles.Overall, technology has greatly impacted our lives in many ways, and its influence will only continue to grow in the future. It's important for us to embrace new technologies and adapt to the changes, but always keep in mind that technology should serve humanity, not dominate it.Thank you!女士们,先生们,早上好!今天我想谈谈科技如何改变人们的生活。
科技英语(电子与信息工程类)翻译
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【26.As such,every new version of the product requires a redesign and trips through the foundry,an expensive proposition,and an impediment to rapid time-to-market.而且,每次推出一个新产品都需要重新设计并经历所有制造流程。
这样做不但造价昂贵,而且不利于迅速上市。
【2.Because of the very high open -loop voltage gain of the op-amp,the output is driven into positive saturation(close to+V)when the sample voltage goes slightly above the reference voltage ,and driven into negative saturation (close to -V)when the sample voltage goes slightly below the reference voltage .由于运放的开环电压增益很高,当取样电压略高于参考电压时,输出趋向于正向饱和状态(接近+V)。
当取样电压低于参考电压时,输出趋向于负向饱和状态(接近-V)。
【8.Both N-type and P-type semiconductors are made by treated materials,such as germanium and silicon with impurities such as arsenic and indium.N型半导体和P型半导体是利用杂质掺入纯净半导体而形成的,如将杂质砷和铟掺入锗和硅中。
【18.By comparison,most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using the shape,or level of the transmitted signal;parameters that are most easily affected by the noise and attenuation introduced by the transmission path.相比之下,许多其他形式的传输系统是利用被传信号的波形或电平的高低来传送信息的,而这些参数又极易受到传输路径中的噪声和衰耗的影响。
通信与电子信息科技英语北京邮电大学出版社翻译Unit1
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Unit 1 Random Processes确定一个实验的各种可能结果的概率,它重复多次实验是必要的。
那么假设我们有兴趣建立抛模具相关的统计。
我们可以在两种方式。
一方面,我们可以使用一个单一的模具,把它反复。
或者,我们可以同时多个骰子掷。
直观地说,我们希望两种方法得到相同的结果。
因此,我们可以预期一个单一的模具会产生特定的结果,平均而言,1出6次。
同样,许多骰子我们希望1 / 6的骰子掷将产生一个特定的结果类推,让我们考虑一个随机过程等噪声波形n (t)。
若要确定噪声的统计数字,我们可能会使重复的测量的噪声电压输出的一个单一的噪音源,或我们可能,至少在概念上,做出的统计学上相同的噪声源的收集了大量输出的同时测量。
源的集合称为合奏,个别噪声波形称为样本函数。
可以从一些固定的时间t 进行测量确定统计平均值= t1 在合奏的所有样本函数。
因此,确定n2 (t),我们会在t = t1,测量电压n (t1) 每个噪声源,方形并添加电压和除以合奏中的源(大)数。
所以确定的平均是n2 的合奏平均(t1)。
现在n (t1) 是一个随机变量,并将会有与之关联的概率密度函数。
合奏平均值将与统计平均数相同,可能由相同的符号表示。
因此统计或n2 合奏平均可能写入(t1)E [n2 (t1)] = n2 (t1)。
在连续的时间取决于测量单个样本函数的平均数将产生时间平均,我们代表as 〈n2 (t) 〉。
一般情况下,合奏平均,而且时间平均数是不相同的。
例如,假设在合奏中的示例函数的统计特征随时间而变化。
这种变异可能不会反映在固定的时间,所作的测量和合奏平均值会在不同的时间不同。
当统计特征的示例函数不改变随着时间的推移时,随机过程是被描述为固定式。
然而,即使被固定的属性不确保合奏和时间的平均值是相同。
它可能会发生虽然每个示例函数是平稳个别样本函数可能不同统计上从另一个。
在这种情况下,时间平均将取决于特定的样本函数,用于形成平均。
电脑与信息技术英语翻译常用专业词汇
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电脑与信息技术英语翻译常用专业词汇AAAIMS(An Analytical Information Management System)分析信息管理系统Abacus 算盘Access security 存取安全Access time 存取时间Active 有源的Ada programming language Ada 程序设计语言Adapter 适配器Adapter card 转接卡Add-on 外接式附件Address 地址ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) 非对称数字客户线路After-image record 残留影像记录Algorithm 算法Alpha testing ɑ测试3Alteration switch 变换开关ALU(Arithmetic/Logic Unit)运算器Amplitude 幅度Analog data 模拟数据Analog cellular 模拟移动电话Analog signal 模拟信号Analysis block 分析块Animation 动画制作ANSL(American National Standards Label)美国国家标准标号Answerback memory 应答存储器Anti-noise coding 反噪声编码Antivirus software 反病毒软件APL(A Programming Language) APL 语言Application development cycle 应用开发周期Application program 应用程序4Application software 应用软件Arithmetic operation 算术运算ARP(Automatic Receive Program)自动同意程序Artificial network 仿真网络ASCII(American standard Code for Information Interchange)美国信息交换用标准代码Assembler 汇编程序Assembly language 汇编语言Asynchronous 异步的Asynchronous transmission 异步传输ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 异步传输模式ATM(Automated Teller Machine)自动出纳机Attribute 属性Auctions on the web 网上拍卖Audio board 声板5Audio file 声音文件Audio input device 声音输入装置Audio-player 播放Audit program 审查程序Auditing system 审查系统Authoring system 写作系统6BBackbone system 主干系统Backup file 备份文件Backward compatibility 反向兼容性Backward recovery 向后恢复Band printer 带式打印机Bandwidth 带宽Bandwidth limitation 带宽限制Bar code 条形码Bar-code reader 条形码读出器Basic exchange format 基本交换格式BASIC programming language BASIC 程序设计语言Batch processing 批处理Beeper 传呼机7Be ta testing β测试Binary digit 二进制数字Binary file 二进制文件Binary number system 二进制数字系统Binary system 二进制BIOS(Basic Input/Output System)基本输入/输出系统Bit 量,位Bit(binary digit)位,二进制位,比特Bit-mapped display screen 位映像显示器Block check 块检验Blocking software 封锁软件Bookmark 书签Bootleg version 盗版BPS(Business Professional System) 商业专用系统Bridge 网桥8Broadcast image 广播图象Browser 浏览程序Building blocks 组件Built-in function 内部功能Bus 总线Bus network 总线网络Bus slot 总线槽Business terminal equipment 商务终端设备Button 按扭Byte 字节,位组9CC programming language C 程序设计语言C++ programming language C++程序设计语言Cable length 电缆长度Cable modem 电缆调制解调器Cache memory 超高速缓冲存储器CAD(Computer-Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计CADD(Compute-Aided Design and Drafting) 计算机辅助设计与制图Call-back system 回叫系统CAM(Computer-Aided Manufacturing) 计算机辅助生产Capacity 容量Carrier wave 载波Cartridge tape 盒式磁带CASE(Computer-Aided Software Engineering) 计算机辅助软件工程10CBT(Computer-Based Training) 利用计算机的训练CCD(Charge Coupled Device)电荷藕合器件CD writer 刻录机CDC(Code-Directing Character) 代码引导字符CDP(Certified Data Processor)合格数据处理程序Cell 单元,细胞,信元Cell address 单元地址Cell pointer 单元指示器CEO(Chip Enable Output) 芯片启动输出CERT(Character Error Rate Tester) 字符出错率测试程序Chain printer 链式打印机Channel command 通道命令Character 字符Character-recognition 字符识别Chat room 聊天室11Check bit 校验位,检验位Child record 子记录Chip 芯片,晶片Circuit switching 电路转接,线路交换CIS(Communication Information System) 通信信息(情报)系统Clear entry 消除输入Click 点击Client 客户,委托程序,委托进程,客户机Client-server 客户服务器Clipboard 剪贴板Clouds 云Cluster 簇,束,线束,群集Coaxial tree network 同轴树状网络COBOL programming language COBOL 程序设计语言Coding 编码,编程序12Collision 冲突Color display screen 彩色显示屏Communication 通信Communication parties 传输单元Communications channel 通信信道Communications controller 通信操纵器Communications hardware 通信硬件Communications network 通信网络Communications satellites 通信卫星Communications server 通信服务器Communications service 通信业务Communications software 通信软件Communications technology 通信技术Compatibility 兼容性,一致性,互换性Compiler 编译程序13Component 分量,成分,元件,组件,部件Compression 压缩Computer 计算机Computer-based information system 计算机信息系统Computer crime 计算机犯罪Computer industry 计算机行业Computer literacy 计算机扫盲Computer online service 计算机联机服务Computer professional 计算机专业人员Computer programmer 计算机程序设计员Concentration 集中Concentrator 集中器,集线器Concurrent-use license 并行使用许可证Connection 连接Connectivity 连通性,连接性14Connectivity diagram 连通图表Contact 接触点Control structure 操纵结构Control unit 操纵器,操纵部件Controller card 操纵器插件Coprocessor 协同处理程序,协同处理机Copy command 复制命令Copyright 版权Copyright protection 版权保护Counterfeit software 盗版软件Courseware 课件CPU(Central Processing Unit) 中央处理机Cracker 黑客CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) 阴极射线管CTS(Clear To Send) 清除发送15Cursor 光标Cursor-movement key 光标移动键Custom software 客户软件Cut command 剪切命令Cyberculture 计算机文化,操纵论优化Cybernation 计算机操纵化16DDaisy chain 菊链DAT(Data Acquisition Test) 数据采集测试Data access method 数据存取法Data acquisition 数据采集Data compression 数据压缩Data dictionary 数据字典Data file 数据文件Data flow diagram 数据流程图Data integrity 数据完整性Data manipulation language 数据操纵语言Data mining 数据开采Data recovery 数据恢复Data redundancy 数据冗余Data storage hierarchy 数据存储层次17Data transmission 数据传输Data transmission factor 数据传输系数Data warehouse 数据仓库Database 数据库Database server 数据库服务器Database software 数据库软件DBA(Data Base Administrator) 数据库管理程序DBMS(Data Base Management System) 数据库管理系统Debugging 调试Decision making system 判定系统,决策系统Decision table 判定表Dedicated computer 专用计算机Default value 缺省值,系统设定值Delete 删除Democratic network 共同操纵网络18Design 设计Desk checking 桌面检验Desktop accessory 桌面附件Desktop publication system 桌面出版系统Developing information system 信息开发系统Dialog box 对话框Dial-up connection 拨号上网Dial-up Internet communication 拨号网间通信Digital 数码的Digital camera 数码照相机Digital cellular phone 数字移动电话Digital signal 数字信号Digital signal processor 数字信号处理器Digital signature 数字签名Digitized speech 数字化语音19DIMS(Data Information and Manufacturing system) 数据信息与制造系统Direct access storage 直接存取存储器,直接访问存储器Direct file organization 直接文件组织Direct implementation 直接实现Direct synchronous multiplexing 直接同步复用Directory 目录,号码表Disk 磁盘Disk drive 磁盘驱动器Diskette 软磁盘,软盘Display 显示Display screen 显示屏幕Disrupt 使混乱,破坏,分裂,瓦解Distance learning 远程学习Distributed database 分布式数据库Disturbance 干扰20DM(Data Memory) 数据存储器DNS(Domain Naming System) 域命名系统Document 文件,资料,文献,文卷Document file 资料文件Documentation 文件编制,资料,文档DOS(Disk Operating System) 磁盘操作系统Dot 点Dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机Download 下载Downsizing 规模缩小化Downward compatibility 向下兼容性Draft-quality 粗劣的印刷质量,草稿字体印刷质量DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory) 动态随机存取存储器Drawing program 绘图程序Driver 驱动器21Drum printer 鼓式打印机Drum scanner 鼓形扫描器DSS(Decision Support System) 决策支援系统DTP(Data Transmission Protocol) 数据传送协议Dumb terminal 哑终端,简易终端DVP(Data Validation Program) 数据验证程序Dynamic linking 动态链接22EEBCDIC(Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange) 扩充的二-十进制交换码E-cash 电子货币E-commerce 电子商务EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) 电子数据交换EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory) 电可擦只读存储器EIC(External Interface Control) 外部借口操纵EIS(External Interrupt Support) 外部中断支援Electroluminescent display 电致发光显示屏Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁光谱Electronic conference 电子会议Electronic image 电子图象Electronic network 电子网络23Electronic secretary 电子秘书Electronic ticketing machine 电子售票机Electronic tutor 电子教学装置Electrostatic plotter 静电绘图机Elementary field 基本字段ELF(Extensible Language Facility) 可扩充的语言功能E-mail 电子邮件Embedded computer 嵌入式计算机Emulation 仿真,仿效Encapsulation 封闭,封装,密封Encryption 加密,编密码End-to-end delay 端到端的时延End-to-end digital connectivity 端到端的数字连接End-user 终端用户ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) 电子数字积分24器与计算器Enter key 输入键EPL(Encoder Programming Language) 编码器程序设计语言EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) 可擦可编程只读存储器EPSS(Error Processing Sub-system) 错误处理子系统Ergonomics 人类工程学Error correction 纠错法ESS(Electronic Switching System) 电子交换系统Evaluation system 评价系统Even parity 偶数奇偶校验Exchange service 交换业务Executable 可执行文件Execution cycle 执行周期Execution program 执行程序Expansion bus 扩展总线25Expansion card 扩充插件卡Expansion slot 扩展槽Expert system 专家系统External hard disk drive 外部硬盘驱动器External modem 外部调制解调器26FFAT(File Allocation Table) 文件分配表Fault freedom 容错性能Fault tolerant system 容错系统Fax 传真Fax machine 传真机FCB(File Control Block) 文件操纵块Feasibility study 可行性研究,可能性研究FEC(Forward Error Correction) 向前纠错Fiber-optic cable 光缆Field 字段,场,域Field protect 字段保护Fifth-generation programming language 第五代程序设计语言File 文件27File extension 文件扩充File management system 文件管理系统File name 文件名File server 文件服务程序File virus 文件病毒Filter 过滤,滤波Financial planning system 财务规划系统Find command 查找命令Finder 寻找程序,定位程序,录像器Fingerprint security system 指纹安全系统Firewall 防火墙Firmware 固件Fixed disk drive 固定磁盘驱动器Flatbed plotter 平板绘图仪Flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪28Flat-panel display 平面显示器Flat-panel technique 平面技术Flexible telecommunication networking 灵活的通信联网Floppy disk 软磁盘FLOPS(Floating-point Operations Per Second) 每秒浮点运算次数Flowchart 流程图Font 字型,字体Format selection 格式选择Formatting 格式化,格式编排Formula 公式FORTH programming language FORTH 程序设计语言Forward recovery 正向恢复Fourth-generation programming language 第四代程序设计语言Fragmenting 分割29Frame grabber 帧同意器,帧捕获器Free ware 免费软件Frequency 频率Front-end processor 前端处理机FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传送协议Full-duplex 全双工Function 功能,函数,作用Function key 功能键Fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑30GGame port 博弈端口Garbage 无用信息Gateway 关口,网间连接GDS(Group Display System) 群显示系统Genealogy 家谱学,系统GES(General Edit System) 通用逻辑系统GIS(Geographic Information System) 几何图形信息系统Global communication 全球通信GPS(Global Positioning System) 全球定位系统Grammar checker 语法检验程序Graphics 图形学,制图技术Graphics accelerator 图形加速器Graphics coprocessor 图形协同处理程序31Grid 网格,坐标网络Gross index 粗索引Groupware 群件GUI(Graphical User Interface) 图形用户接口32HHacker 黑客Half-duplex transmission 半双工传输Handheld scanner 手持式扫描仪Handshaking 信号交换,接续Hard disk 硬磁盘Hard return 硬回车Hard-copy terminal 硬拷贝终端Hardware 硬件Hardware compatibility 硬件兼容性HDTV(High Definition Television) 高分辨率电视Help menu 求助菜单,求助项目单Head-mounted display 头盔式显示器Hidden computer 隐式计算机33Hierarchical database 分级数据库Hierarchy 分级,分层,层次Hierarchy chart 分级图表High resolution 高分辨率High-level programming language 高级程序设计语言Hold 握住Home directory 主目录Home network 本地网络Home record 引导记录,起始记录Host 主机Host adaptation 主机习惯性Host computer 主计算机Host operating system 主操作系统Host-to-host 主机到主机HTML(Hyper text Markup Language) 超文本标记语言34Hybrid network 混合式网络Hyperlink 超级链接Hypertext 超文本35IIcon 图符Identification system 识别系统Image file 映像文件Imaging system 成像系统IML(Initial Micro-code Load) 初始微码装入Impact 影响,冲击Impact printer 击打式打印机Importing file 输入文件Incremental backup 增量备份法Indexed file organization 索引文件组织Inference engine 推理机Information 信息,情报Information capacity 信息容量36Information function 信息函数Information management 信息管理Information overload 信息超载Information system 信息系统Information technology 信息技术Information transmission system 信息传输系统Information unit 信息单位Information utility 有用程序,信息应用程序,信息公用设施Inheritance 继承Initialize 初始化Ink-jet plotter 喷墨绘图仪Ink-jet printer 喷墨印刷机Input control 输入操纵器Input device 输入设备Input hard ware 输入硬件37Inquiry and communication system 查询与通信系统Insert 插入Insertion point 插入点Install 安装,建立Instruction cycle 指令周期Integrated circuit 集成电路Integrated software package 组合软件包Intellectual property 知识产权Intelligent robot 智能机器人Intelligent terminal 智能终端Interactive presentation 交互式演示Inter activity 交互性Interface 接口Intermediate node 中间网点Internal bus 内部总线38Internal hard disk drive 内部硬盘驱动器Internal modem 内部调制解调器International standard interface 国际标准接口Internet 互联网,信息网络实体Interpreter 解释程序,翻译机,转换机ISAM(Indexed Sequential Access Method) 索引顺序存取法ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network) 综合服务数字网络Isolation 隔离,绝缘ISP(Internally Stored Program) 内部存储程序ISP(Internet Service Provider) 因特网服务提供商39JJAD(Joint Application Design) 联合应用程序设计Jerk 乱窜Jitter 抖动Job file 作业文件Job management 作业管理程序Junk mail 垃圾邮件Justification range 调整范围40KKey field 关键字字段Key search 关键字查找Keyboard 键盘Keyboard console 键盘操纵台Kilobyte 千字节Knowledge base 知识库Knowledge engineer 知识工程师Knowledge engineering 知识工程Knowledge system 知识系统41LLanguage translator 语言翻译程序Large-scale integrated circuit 大规模集成电路Laser 激光,激光器Laser communication 激光通信系统Laser printer 激光打印机Latency 延迟,执行时间Latent image 潜像Law 法律Layer 分层LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示器LEO(Low Earth Orbit) 近地轨道License 许可证Light pen 光笔Line printer 行式打印机42Line terminal multiplexer 终端复用器Linear 线性的,一次的Link 连接,连线,链接Linkage instruction 连接命令LISP programming language LISP 程序设计语言Live conversation 实际的对话Load 装入,加载Load server 加载服务器Local-area network 局域网Logic bomb 逻辑炸弹(病毒)Logic error 逻辑错误Logical operation 逻辑操作LOGO programming language LOGO 程序设计语言Look through 搜寻43Loop 循环,回路,环路Loss less 无损耗Lossy 有损耗的,有缺失的44MMAC(Memory access Controller) 存储器存取操纵器Machine cycle 机器周期Machine language 机器语言Macintosh (苹果公司生产的一种型号的)计算机Macro 宏,宏指令,宏定Macro virus 宏病毒Magnetic tape 磁带Magneto optical disk 磁光盘Mail server 邮件服务器Mailing list 邮件列表Main memory 主存储器Mainframe computer 主计算机Maintenance 保护,维修MAN(Maintenance Alert Network) 保护警报网45Manager 管理程序,管理人员Manipulate 操纵,操纵Manipulation 操纵,操纵,处理,操作Manual function 手动功能,人工功能Manufacturing support system 制造支持系统Marker 标记符Marketing model 市场销售模型Mark-recognition device 标记识别装置Master file 主文件Mathematic characterization of continuous image 连续图象的数学表征MDA(Multi-Dimensional Analysis) 多维分析MDT(Modified Data Tag) 修改过的数据标志Meeting software 会议软件Mega 兆Memory cycle 存储周期46Mega byte 兆字节Megahertz 兆赫Member record 成员记录Memory 经历存储,存储器Memory expansion card 存储器扩充卡Memory module 存储模块Menu bar 菜单条Menu-driven program generator 菜单驱动程序生成程序MED(Micro-Electronic Device) 微电子器件Meta-data 元数据MICR(Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) 磁性墨水字符识别Microcomputer 微型计算机Micro controller 微操纵器Microprocessor 微处理器Microwave 微波47Middleware communication model 媒件通信模型MIDI(Music Instrument Digital Interface) 乐器数字接口Miniaturization 小型化MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second) 每秒百万条指令Mirror 镜像MIS(Management Information System) 信息管理系统MMX technology MMX 技术Model 模型,机样,型号Modem 调制解调器Module design 模块设计Monitor 监视器,监督Monitor mode 监控方式Monochrome display 单色显示Mouse 鼠标Mouse pointer 鼠标指示器48Moving pictures 活动图象MPP(Massively Parallel Processor) 巨型并行处理器Multifunction device 多功能装置Multimedia 多媒体Multimedia environment 多媒体环境Multipartite virus 复合性病毒Multiplexer 多路转接器Multiplexing 多路转换Multipoint line 多点线路Multi-port 多端口Multiprocessing 多重处理Multiprogramming 多道程序设计(操纵)Multitasking 多任务Multi-user platform 多用户平台49NNarrow band services 窄带业务Nationwide network 全国范围的网络Natural language 自然语言Natural language processing 自然语言处理NC language processor NC 语言处理器Necessary bandwidth 必要带宽Net ware 网件Network 网络Network adapter 网络适配器Network computer 网络计算机Network database 网络数据库Network facilities resources 网络设备资源Network harms 网络损害50Network information resources 网络信息资源Network interface card (NIC) 网络接口卡Network piracy 网络盗版Network server 网络服务程序,网络服务器Networked hypertext protocol 网络超文本协议Neural network 神经网络Node 节点,网点Non-interacting control system 非交互式操纵系统Non-procedural language 非过程语言Non-volatile chain 非易失链NOS(Network Operating System) 网络操作系统Null set 空集Numeric key 数字键51OOAS(Office Automation System) 办公自动化系统Object 目标,对象,结果,物体Object code 目标代码OCR(Optical Character Recognition) 光符识别Odd parity 奇数奇偶校Off-line equipment 脱机设备Off-line storage 脱机存储器Off-the-shelf software 现成的软件OLE(Object Linking and Embedding) 对象的链接与嵌入OMR(Optical Mark Recognition) 光标记识别Onboard 板载的One-level code 一级代码One-to-many 一对多的52Online processing 联机处理Online storage 联机存储器OODBS(Object Oriented Data Base System) 面向目标的数据库系统OOO(Out Of Order) 发生故障,次序混乱Open network 开放式网络Operating environment 操作环境,运行环境Operating system 操作系统Operation control 操作操纵Operator 运算符,操作员Optical card 光卡Optical disk 光盘Optical Ethernet 光以太网Optimization 优化Optoelectronic receiver 光电子接收机Organization 机构,组织,结构,体系53Organization chart 组织图,结构图OS/360(Operating System/360) 360 型操作系统OSI(Open System Interconnection) 开放系统互连Output 输出Owner record 主记录,自由记录54PPackage 分组Packaged software 封装式软件包Packet 包,数据包,分组报文Packet switching 包交换Pager 页面调度程序Painting 涂色Parallel data transmission 并行数据传输Parallel implementation 并行执行Parallel port 并行端口Parallel processing 并行处理Parent record 母记录Parity bit 奇偶校验位Parity scheme 奇偶校验方案55PASCAL programming language PASCAL 程序设计语言Passive 无源的Passive network 无源网络Password 口令Path 路径PBX(Private Branch Exchange) 专用交换分机,用户交换机PC(Personal Computer) 个人计算机PC application software 个人计算机应用软件PC host operating system 个人计算机主机操作系统PCI(peripheral Component Interconnect)外围部件互连PCMCIA(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) 个人电脑内存储卡国际协会PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理PDL(Picture Description Language) 画面描述语言Peak 峰值56Peer-to-peer 层间,层到层PEM(Processing Element Memory) 处理单元存储器Perception system 感知系统Peripheral device 外围设备Personal finance software 个人财务软件Personal identification code 个人识别代码PERT chart editing PERT 图编辑PGP(Programmable Graphics Processor) 可编辑图形处理机Phonetic keyboard 语音键盘Photo-digital store 光数字存储器Photolithographic mask layer 光刻掩蔽层Physical storage 物理存储器PIM(Processor Interface Module) 处理程序接口模块PIN(Personal Identification Number) 个人识别号码Pixel store 像素存储器57PL/1 programming language PL/1 程序设计语言Platform position computer 平台位置计算机Plotter 绘图仪Plug and play system 即插即用系统Plug-in card 插件Pointing device 指示装置Point-of-sale terminal 销售点终端Point-to-point line 点对点线路,专用线Polymorphism 多形性,多机组合形势Pop-up menu 弹出选项单Port 端口,进出口Portable operating system 可移植操作系统Portable terminal 便携式终端POST(Power-on Self Test) 通电自检Power supply 电源,供电58PPP(Parallel Pattern Processor) 并行模式处理程序Precision 精确度Preliminary design 初步设计Presentation layer 表示层Presentation graphic 表示图形Presentation software 显示软件Preventive maintenance 预防性保护Previewing 预检,预览Primary storage 主存储器Print server 打印服务程序Printer 打印机Printing document 打印文档Privacy 保密性Procedural error 过程错误Procedural language 过程型语言59Procedure 过程,程序,步骤Process 处理,进程Process model 过程模型Processing 处理,加工Processing hardware 处理硬件Processor 处理程序,处理机Production language compiler 产生式语言编译程序Productivity 生产率Productivity tool 生产率工具Professional programmer 专业程序设计员Program 程序,计划,规划,方案Program file 程序文件Program flowchart 程序流程图Program independence 程序独立性Programmer 程序设计人员,编程器60Programming 程序设计,编程Programming language 程序设计语言Programming procedure 程序设计过程Project management software 工程项目管理,计划管理Project management software 工程项目管理软件PROLOG programming language PROLOG 程序设计语言Proprietary software 专有软件Proprietary system 专用系统Protocol 协议Prototype 样机,原型Prototyping 原型开发,样机研究Pseudo-code 伪代码Public communication carriers 公共通信载体Public domain 公用域Pull-down menu 下拉菜单61Pulse code modulation 脉冲码调制62QQBE(Query By Example) 仿效实例询问QIC(Quality Insurance Chain) 质量保证链Query 询问,查询Query facility 询问功能软件Query language 询问语言Query-and-reporting processor 询问与报告处理程序Quiet code 静止代码QWERTY keyboard QWERTY 键盘63RRAD(Rapid Access Device) 快速存取设备RAM(Random Access Memory) 随机存取存储器,内存Random access storage 随机存取存储器Random file organization 随机文件结构Raster graphics 光栅图形Reading 读,读取Real-time processing 实时处理Reasoning 推理,推论,推导Recalculation 重算Receiving entity 接收实体Receiving system 接收系统Record 记录Reference mark 参考标记64Reference model 参考模型Reference software 参考软件Refresh rate 更新率,刷新率Refreshable program 可刷新程序Regenerate 再生Register 寄存器Relational database 关系数据库Relational model 关系模型Release 释放Reliable 可靠的Reliability 可靠性Remote-control 遥控Remote device 远程设备Remote terminal 远程终端Removable hard disk 可移动硬盘65Repeater 中继器Repeater spacing 中继距离Replace command 替换命令Report generator 报告生成程序Resistor 电阻器Resolution 分辨率Retrieval performance 检索性能Return key 返回键RFI(Read Frequency Input) 读频率输入RGB monitor 红、绿、蓝显示器RIB(Resource Information Block) 资源信息块Ring network 环形网络RISC microprocessor RISC 微处理机Robot 机器人,自动仪Robotics 机器人学,机器人技术66Rollback 重新运行,重算ROM BIOS (Read-Only Basic Input/Output System) 只读存储器基本输入/输出系统Root record 根记录Router 发送程序,路由确定程序,路由器Row 行RPG(Report Program Generator) 报表程序生成程序RPS(Random Pattern Search) 随机模式搜索RS(Record Separator) 记录分隔符Run 运行Rupture 裂断,破裂67SSampling rate 取样率SAR(Source Address Register) 源地址寄存器Satellite 卫星,人造地球卫星Save 存储,储存Save area 储存区Scan 扫描Scanning device 扫描设备,扫描装置Scheduling software 调度软件Screen 屏幕Scrolling 卷动,滚动Scrubbing 除掉,刷去SCSI(Small Computer System Interface) 小型计算机系统接口SDL(System Development Language) 系统开发语言68Search 检索,查找Search command 查找命令Search engine 查找机Searching tool 搜寻工具Second-generation programming language 第二代程序设计语言Secondary application 辅助应用程序Secondary storage 辅助存储器,二级存储器Secondary storage sub system 辅助存储子系统Section overhead 段开销Sector 扇区,分段Security 安全性,保密性,安全措施Security system 安全系统Seek time 查找时间,定位时间Selection control 选择操纵Semiconductor 半导体69Semiconductor memory 半导体存储器Semi-structured information 半结构化问题Sender 发送器Sensor 传感器Sequence control 顺序操纵Sequential file organization 顺序文件组织Sequential storage 顺序存储器Serial 串行的Serial data transmission 串行数据传输Serial port 串行端口Serial processing 串行处理Server 服务器Service-independent network 与业务无关的网络Session layer 会话层Shared database 共享数据库70Sharing resource 共享资源SHELL software system SHELL 软件系统Shrink-wrapped multiprocessing operating system 精缩围绕多处理操作系统Silicon 硅SIMM(Single in-line Memory Module) 单列直插式存储模块Simplex transmission 单项传输Simulation programming language 模拟程序设计语言Simulator 模拟程序,模拟器Single user 用户Smalltalk programming language Smalltalk 程序设计语言Smart card 智能卡,收费卡Softcopy 软拷贝Software 软件,软设备Software engineer 软件工程师Software engineering 软件工程71Software license 软件许可证Software package 软件包,程序包Software piracy 软件非法翻印,软件侵犯版权Software suite 软件套件Software tool 软件工具Solid error 固定错误Sorting database 分类数据库Sound 声音Sound card 声卡Sound output 声音输出Source code 源代码Source date entry 源数据录入Source program file 源程序文件SPA(Signal Processing Auxiliary) 信号处理辅助设备Speech recognition system 语音识别系统72Speech synthesis 语音合成Speed 速度Speed up 加速Spelling checker 拼法检验程序Split 分发,分散Spreadsheet 电子数据表SQL(Structured Query Language) 结构化查询语言Squeeze 压缩Standardized port 标准化的端口Star network 星形网络STM(Short Term Memory) 短期存储器Storage 存储,存储器Storage hardware 存储硬件Strategic decision 战略性决策Streaming audio 流式音频73Streaming video 流式视频Stress 应力Structure chart 结构图Structured information 结构化信息Structured programming 结构化程序设计Structured walkthrough 结构化普查Subprogram 辅程序,子程序Supercomputer 巨型计算机Superconductor 超导体Supervisor 管理程序,主管人SVDF(Segmented Virtual Display File) 分段虚拟显示文件Swapping 交互,调动Switch 打开,开关,交换机Switching technique 交换技术Synchronous DXC 同步数字交叉连接74Synchronous transmission 同步传输Synchronous transmission system 同步传输系统Syntax 语法,句法Syntax error 语法错误System 系统,体制,装置System analysis 系统分析System analyst 系统分析员System clock 系统时钟System design 系统设计System development 系统开发System engineer 系统工程师System flowchart 系统流程图System implementation 系统实现方法System maintenance 系统保护System recovery 系统恢复75System software 系统软件System testing 系统测试System unit 系统单元76TTabulating machine 制机表Target variable 目标变量Task management 任务管理程序TCT(Terminal Control Table) 终端操纵表Telecommunication 远程通信,电信Teleconference 电信会议Telemedicine 电视医疗Telephone network 电话网Telephony 电话学Telex network 用户电报网Tel net 电信网,远程通信网络Terminal 终端Terminal address 终端地址77Terminal emulation 终端仿真Test 测试,检验Test equipment 测试设备Text 正文,文本Text segment 正文段Textual messages 文本信息Thesaurus 主题词表,同义词汇Third-generation programming language 第三腮程序设计语言Through-mode fashion 贯穿方式Time slicing 时间分片Time-sharing 分时,时间分配Tong-haul telecommunication system 长途通信系统Top-down program design 自顶向下程序设计Top management 主管,主控Touch screen 触屏78TPI(Target Position Indicator) 目标位置指示器TPS(Transaction Processing System) 事务处理系统TPT(Time Priority Table) 时间优先表Track 磁道,轨道,声道Trackball 跟踪球Traffic segregation 流量隔离Transaction 事项,事务处理,交易Transaction file 细目文件,事项文件Transient error 瞬时错误Transmission 传输,发送,传送Transmission unit 传输单元Translate 转换Tributary signals 支路信号Trojan horse 特洛伊木马True color 真彩色79Tuple 元组,字节组Turing test 图灵测试Twisted-pair wire 绞合线Typeface 字样80UUndo command 作废命令Unexpected halt 意外停机Unicode 单一代码UNIVAC(Universal Automatic Computer) 通用自动计算机Universal access 统一的接入Universal product code 通用产品代码Universally 普遍地,通用地UNIX operating system UNIX 操作系统Unprotected field 非保护字段Unstructured file 非结构文件Unstructured information 非结构信息UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply) 不间断供电电源Upward compatibility 向上兼容性81URL(User Requirements Language) 用户要求语言USE(User System Evaluator) 用户系统评价程序User 用户,使用者User interface 用户接口Utility control console 有用操纵台Utility program 有用程序Utility unit 有用设备82VValue 值,算式Variable format 可变格式Varying bandwidth 可变宽带Vector graphics 向量图Version 文本,版本Very-high-level programming language 超高级程序设计语言Video compression 视频压缩Video computer system 可视计算机系统Video conference 视频会议Video file 可见文件Video memory 视频存储器Video scan 视频扫描Virtual classroom 虚拟教室83Virtual container 虚容器Virtual memory 虚拟机存储器Virtual office 虚拟办公室Virus 病毒Visual 图象的Visual programming 直观程序设计VLSI(Very-large-scale Integration) 超大规模集成电路Voice encoding techniques 语音编码技术Voice mail 声音邮件Voice output device 声音输出装置Voice recognition system 声音识别系统Volatile file 易变文件Volatile memory 易失性存储器VR(Virtual Reality) 虚拟现实VRAM(Video Random Access Memory) 视频随机存取存储器84VRM(Virtual Resource Manager) 虚拟资源管理程序VSAM(Virtual Sequential Access Method) 虚拟顺序存取法85WWait state 等待状态WAN(Wide Area Network) 广域网络Web browser 网页浏览器Web business 网上商务Web site 网站Wideband subscriber loop system 宽带用户环路系统Window mode 窗口方式Windows operating system Windows 操作系统Wired communication 有线通信Wireless communication 无线通信。
科技英语翻译
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Unit1课文A人机对话1. 几十年来,科幻小说作家一直在勾勒一个世界,在这个世界中语言交流是人机之间最常用的联系接口。
科幻作家之所以这样想,部分原因是因为人类非常渴望让计算机能像人类一样地行为举止。
但事实远非如此简单。
人类的言语行为是自然形成的——在人类知道该如何读、写之前, 就学会了说。
人类的语言也是高效的——大多数人的说话速度大约是其打字的五倍多,是其写字的十倍多。
而且言语具有相当大的灵活性——人类不必靠或看见任何物体就能进行对话。
2. 第一代以语言为基础的接口装置很快就要面世, 包括能认识数万字的高性能系统。
事实上,现在在很多电脑商店里就能买到语音识别软件用来录音口授。
这些产品主要由IBM公司、飞利浦公司和其它公司提供。
其它的系统能够识别打电话中随口而出的言语。
美国电话电报公司的贝尔实验室率先在电话交易中使用语音识别系统。
目前这一流行技术主要应用在一些虚拟助手的服务中,可使用户得到新闻、得到最新的股票报价,甚至能够通过电话听电子邮件。
3. 我相信第二代以言语为基础的接口装置将能使人机交流达到像人与人交流一样。
因此,对话的理念非常重要。
传统的语音识别技术(把声音信号转换成数字信号)必须得到“语言理解”软件的补充、支持。
这样计算机才能掌握话语的意义。
4.从电脑的输出方面来看,计算机必须会用言辞来表达。
在万维网上得到文件、找到合适的信息然后将它变成合理的句子。
通过这样一系列过程,电脑和用户能够进行对话。
从而使它搞清楚它可能已经犯的错误。
举例来说, 通过提问下面的问题让计算机意识其中的错误:“你是说麻萨诸塞州的波士顿市,还是德克萨斯州的奥斯汀”?“银河系”说话了5.在过去十年里,我们在麻省理工学院的计算机科学实验室里,一直从事这种对话接口系统的研究。
但不幸地是,到目前为止,我们所开发的计算机的智商仍很低,它们只能处理有限的知识领域,如应用在天气预测和飞机的航班时刻表上。
尽管如此,但这些信息是即时更新的,你可通过电话得到这些信息。
信息科技英语翻译之
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信息科技英语翻译之---翻译讲解 实例
• •
(1)All germs are invisible to the naked eye. (一切细菌都是肉眼看不见的。) • (2) Every design made by her is impossible of execution. (她所做的一切设计都是不能执行的。)
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信息科技英语翻译之---翻译讲解 实例
• (1)All of the heat supplied to the engine is not converted into useful work的 .(并非供给热机的所 有热量都被转变为有用的功。错译:所有供给热机的 热量都没有被转变为有用的功。) • (2)Every one cannot do these tests.(并非 人人都能做这些试验。错译:每个人都的 不能做这些 试验。)
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三、科技英语中部分否定句的汉译
• 在英语的否定结构中,由于习惯用法问题,其中 部分否定句所表示的意思是不能按字的 面顺序译成汉 语的,因此,翻译时要特别注意。 英语中含有全体意 义的代词和副词如all every both always altogether entirely等统称为总括词。它们用于否定结构时不是 表示全部否定,而只表示其中的一部分被否定。因此, 汉译时不能译作“一切……都不”,而应译为“并非一 切……都是的”,或“一切……不都是”。例如:
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信息科技英语翻译之---翻译讲解 实例
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• (2)“n times + as + 原级 + as + 被比较对象”,表 示“是……的n倍”。例如:Iron is almost three times as heavy as aluminum. (铁的重量几乎是铝的 三倍。)
科技英语的翻译
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• The way we live will also be affected. We shall work shorter hours and have more time for leisure. There will even be no need to travel to work. • 我们的生活方式也会受到影响:工时将会缩 短,闲暇增多;要办事,甚至不需要远行。
The researchers found a 12 percent reduction in the patients’ blood cholesterol from a level of 349 milligrams per 100 milliters of blood. 研究工作者们发现病人血内胆固醇从每100 毫升血液349毫克这一水平下降了12%。 the transfer of information from one part of the computer to another depends on the electrical current being conducted over wires. 信息从计算机的一个部分传送到另一个部分 靠的是电线中传导的电流。
科技问题的特点
词汇
一、常用词汇的专业化。如 splash/messenger 二、同一词语词义的多专业化。如 transmission/power 三、科技英语除以上两个手段大量吸收语 汇外,还通过现代英语构词法,构成极丰 富多样的科技词汇。
语法
一、词汇的名词化倾向。指抽象名词以及起 名词功用的非限定动词、名词连用。如: Illumination intensity determination = determination of the intensity of illumination 照明强度测定 Power transmission relay system= a relay system for power transmission 送电中继体系
China telecom
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信息科技英语翻译之口译 —China Telecom
China telecom
Telecommunications infrastructure Value-adding services, Enormous potential Telecommunications industry, User equipment Telecommunications users, Upgrade , expand, existing users, Network equipment, network-related facilities
重庆邮电大学信息科技英语口译—China Telecom
China telecom
The telecommunications market in China has enormous potential. The mobile phone market alone will be worth no less than 150 billion RMB. It is estimated that the telecommunications industry, the telecommunications infrastructure network and user equipment, just the three of them combined, will be worth at least 1, 500 billion RMB by 2005. The growth potential of the market can be seen in many ways.
重庆邮电大学信息科技英语口译—China Telecom
科技英语考试翻译
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考试日期:05 年12 月31 日1.为此,必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。
For this purpose, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the fundamentals of the circuit.2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。
This coefficient remains to be determined.3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。
None of the textbook available mentions this point.4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用,所以对它的研究极为重要。
Since feedback plays an important role in the electronic circuit, its study is very important.5.有迹象表明,计算机的价格将进一步下跌。
There is an indication that the price of computers will fall further.6.这个方法的确管用,不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。
This method does work, but it is not clear in what condition it is that it should be used.7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。
The output of this factory 10 years ago is 6 times what it is now.8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术,它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。
A new technology introduced in the 1960s, laser can pierce very hard substances.9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作,必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压(voltage)。
科技英语原文及简单翻译
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科技英语原文及简单翻译How ASIMO WorksIntroduction to How ASIMO WorksWant a robot to cook your dinner, do your homework, clean your house, or get your groceries? Robots already do a lot of the jobs that we humans don't want to do, can't do, or simply can't do as well as our robotic counterparts.Honda engineers have been busy creating the ASIMO robot for more than 20 years. In this article, we'll find out what makes ASIMO the most advanced humanoid robot to date.The Honda Motor Company developed ASIMO, which stands for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility, and is the most advanced humanoid robot in the world. According to the ASIMO Web site, ASIMO is the first humanoid robot in the world that can walk independently and climb stairs.Rather than building a robot that would be another toy, Honda wanted to create a robot that would be a helper for people -- a robot to help around the house, help the elderly, or help someone confined to a wheelchair or bed. ASIMO is 4 feet 3 inches (1.3 meters) high, This allows ASIMO to do the jobs it was created to do without being too big and menacing.ASIMO's Motion: Walk Like a HumanHonda researchers began by studying the legs of insects, mammals, and the motion of a mountain climber with prosthetic legs to better understand the physiology and all of the things that take place when we walk -- particularly in the joints. For example, the fact that we shift our weight using our bodies and especially our arms inorder to balance was very important in getting ASIMO's walking mechanism right. The fact that we have toes that help with our balance was also taken intoconsideration: ASIMO actually has soft projections on its feet that play a similar role to the one our toes play when we walk. This soft material also absorbs impact on the joints, just as our soft tissues do when we walk.ASIMO has hip, knee, and foot joints. Robots have joints that researchers refer to as \degrees of freedom.\A single degree of freedom allows movement either right and left or up and down. ASIMO has 34 degrees of freedom spread over different points of its body in order to allow it to move freely. There are three degrees of freedom in ASIMO's neck, seven on each arm and six on each leg. The number of degrees offreedom necessary for ASIMO's legs was decided by measuring human joint movement while walking on flat ground, climbing stairs and running.ASIMO also has a speed sensor and a gyroscope sensor mounted on its body. They perform the tasks of:? ?sensing the position of ASIMO's body and the speed at which it is moving relaying adjustments for balance to the central computer These sensors work similarly to our inner ears in the way they maintain balance and orientation.ASIMO also has floor surface sensors in its feet and six ultrasonic sensors in its midsection. These sensors enhance ASIMO's ability to interact with its environment by detecting objects around ASIMO and comparing gathered information with maps of the area stored in ASIMO's memory.To accomplish the job our muscles and skin do in sensing muscle power, pressure and joint angles, ASIMO has both joint-angle sensors and a six-axis force sensor.Unless you know a lot about robotics, you may not fully grasp the incredible milestone it is that ASIMO walks as we do. The most significant part of ASIMO's walk is the turning capabilities. Rather than having to stop and shuffle, stop and shuffle, and stop and shuffle into a new direction, ASIMO leans and smoothly turns just like a human. ASIMO can also self-adjust its steps in case it stumbles, is pushed, or otherwise encounters something that alters normal walking.In order to accomplish this, ASIMO's engineers had to find a way to work with the inertial forces created when walking. For example, the earth's gravity creates a force, as does the speed at which you walk. Those two forces are called the \inertial force.\ground, called the \posture has to work to make it happen. This is called the \zero moment point\(ZMP). To control ASIMO's posture, engineers worked on three areas of control:? ?Floor reaction control means that the soles of the feet absorb floor unevenness while still maintaining a firm stance.Target ZMP control means that when ASIMO can't stand firmly and its body begins to fall forward, it maintains position by moving its upper body in the direction opposite the impending fall. At the same time, it speeds up its walking to quickly counterbalance the fall.?Foot-planting location control kicks in when the target ZMP control has been activated. It adjusts the length of the step to regain the right relationship between the position and speed of the body and the length of the step.ASIMO's Motion: Smooth MovesASIMO can sense falling movements and react to them quickly; but ASIMO's engineers wanted more. They wanted the robot to have a smooth gait as well as do something that other robots can't do -- turn without stopping.When we walk around corners, we shift our center of gravity into the turn. ASIMO uses a technology called \predictive movement control,\Intelligent Real-Time Flexible Walking Technology or I-Walk, to accomplish that same thing. ASIMO predicts how much it should shift its center of gravity to the inside of the turn and how long that shift should be maintained. Because this technolgy works in real time, ASIMO can do this without stopping between steps, which other robots must do.Essentially, with every step ASIMO takes, it has to determine its inertia and then predict how its weight needs to be shifted for the next step in order to walk and turn smoothly. It adjusts any of the following factors in order to maintain the right position:? ? ? ?the length of its steps its body position its speedthe direction in which it is steppingWhile reproducing a human-like walk is an amazing achievement, ASIMO can now run at speeds up to 3.7 miles per hour (6 kilometers per hour). In order to qualify as a true running robot, ASIMO must have both feet off the ground for an instant in each step. ASIMO manages to be airborne for .08 seconds with each step while running. Honda engineers encountered an entirely new set of challenges while trying to give ASIMO the ability to run. They gave ASIMO’s torso a degree of freedom to aid in bending and twisting so that the robot could adjust its posture while airborne. Without this ability, ASIMOwould lose control while airborne, possibly spinning in the air or tripping when landing.In order to make turns smoothly while running, the engineers enhanced ASIMO's ability to tilt its center of gravity inside turns to maintain balance and counteractcentrifugal force. ASIMO could even anticipate turns and begin to lean into them before starting the turn, much like you would if you were skiing or skating.ASIMO如何工作介绍如何工作。
信息科技英语专业词汇辨析
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信息科技英语专业词汇辨析作者:史蔷叶长青朱洪浪来源:《吉林蔬菜》2020年第04期摘要:本文通过阐述信息科技英语专业词汇的构成与特征,进一步分析信息科技英语专业词汇的分类方法及其常见的翻译策略,从而使信息科技从业人员更加有效地掌握和运用信息科技专业英语词汇。
关键词:信息科技;科技英语;专业词汇;翻译Abstract:This paper expounds the composition and characteristics of English professional vocabulary in information technology,analyzes the classification methods and common translation strategies of English professional in information technology,so that information technology practitioners can master and use information technology professional English vocabulary more effectively.Keywords:information technology,Technical English,Professional vocabulary,translation隨着我国信息产业的发展,对外交流日益增多,以英语为知识载体记录科学技术发展成为当今时代最明显的文化特征和社会现象。
作为最主要的世界性通用官方语言之一,英语在IT技术支持下的生命力十分旺盛,已经成为信息科学技术传播与交流的重要媒介,充足的英语知识储备可以助力信息科技专业人员用英语思辩的方式理解技术文档并进行程序的开发与设计[1]。
科技英语主要是科研工作者、工程和技术人员进行学术交流和工作与实践经验交换等而使用的语言,目前科技英语已经发展成为一种重要的英语文体[2]。
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• iPad 2将继续领先于Android平板
iPad 2将继续领先于Android平板 (中英对照)
• Apple iPad 2 is geared to extend lead over Android tablets • Almost a year ago, Apple defined the tablet market by introducing the iPad, then had the playing field to itself for most of last year. • Now, just as other tablets are starting to arrive based on such competing operating systems as Google's Android and HP's webOS, Apple is looking to move the goal posts with the new iPad 2 it unveiled here Tuesday. • This wireless tablet, due March 11, has the same $499-and-up pricing and 9.7-inch touchscreen as the current model but looks notably thinner, at about a third of an inch thick, and adds video-conferencing cameras on its front and back.
• Apple says its processor is twice as fast, yet it offers the same 10-hour battery life as today's iPad. • The Cupertino, Calif., company drew upon its top salesman for the occasion: Founder and chief executive Steve Jobs, who took a medical leave from the job in January, showed up to introduce the device, saying of the event, "I didn't want to miss it.“
• 后PC时代 • 大约一年前,苹果通过iPad定义了平板电脑市场,在去年 大多数时候苹果都是该领域的唯一一家企业。现在众多使 用谷歌Android和惠普webOS操作系统的平板电脑即将上 市,苹果却又凭借iPad 2抬高了标尺。 • iPad 2将于3月11日在美国市场上市,价格仍然是最低499 美元,显示屏尺寸也还是10.1英寸,但更轻更薄,还加入 了前后摄像头。其双核处理器速度提高了一倍,同时还维 持了10个小时的电池续航时间。 • 苹果创始人和首席执行官史蒂夫•乔布斯亲自发布了iPad 2, 声称“不想错过盛况”。他将平板电脑市场称为“后PC” 时代,换句话说,与苹果竞争的平板厂商们纷纷宣传自家 产品的更高规格的做法是错误的。 • 后PC电子产品,比如苹果的iPod、iPhone和iPad就像是 家用电器,它们的价值取决于简便易用的程度。
• 价格优势 • 当然,三星、摩托罗拉、惠普和RIM或许还需要先解决一个更为困难 当然,三星、摩托罗拉、惠普和 或许还需要先解决一个更为困难 的问题:在价格上取得相对于苹果的优势。 的问题:在价格上取得相对于苹果的优势。 • 这颠覆了计算技术发展史:传统上苹果的产品已价格较高著称,包括 这颠覆了计算技术发展史:传统上苹果的产品已价格较高著称, Mac电脑、iPod和iPhone都可谓一种平民化的奢侈品,凭借其优雅 电脑、 都可谓一种平民化的奢侈品, 电脑 和 都可谓一种平民化的奢侈品 设计而比其他公司的同类产品略贵一些。 设计而比其他公司的同类产品略贵一些。 • 但苹果通过 但苹果通过iPad重振了平板电脑市场,这一领先优势使其与供货商签 重振了平板电脑市场, 重振了平板电脑市场 订了一系列长期合同,可用优惠价格获得闪存和LCD显示屏等零部件。 显示屏等零部件。 订了一系列长期合同,可用优惠价格获得闪存和 显示屏等零部件 苹果在上季度财报电话会议中还透露,已与供应商签订了为期两年、 苹果在上季度财报电话会议中还透露,已与供应商签订了为期两年、 价值39亿美元的零部件供货协议 亿美元的零部件供货协议。 价值 亿美元的零部件供货协议。 • 这或许解释了为何苹果能将 这或许解释了为何苹果能将iPad 2的价格维持在低位。最高端的 的价格维持在低位。 的价格维持在低位 最高端的iPad 2存储空间为 存储空间为64G,还支持 移动宽带, 存储空间为 ,还支持AT&T和Verizon的3G移动宽带,其价格也 和 的 移动宽带 不过729美元,而摩托罗拉基于 美元, 系统的Xoom平板电脑存储 不过 美元 而摩托罗拉基于Android系统的 系统的 平板电脑存储 空间仅为32G,价格还要高出 美元。 美元。 空间仅为 ,价格还要高出70美元 • 其他几家宣布将推出平板电脑的公司甚至不愿披露价格和上市日期。 其他几家宣布将推出平板电脑的公司甚至不愿披露价格和上市日期。 惠普使用webOS系统的 系统的TouchPad和RIM公司的黑莓 公司的黑莓PlayBook在展 惠普使用 系统的 和 公司的黑莓 在展 示中或许令人印象深刻,在多任务处理和支持Flash上也有领先于 示中或许令人印象深刻,在多任务处理和支持 上也有领先于 iPad之处。 之处。 之处 • 这些公司可能希望苹果新版 这些公司可能希望苹果新版iPad价格提高,然后再公布自家产品的订 价格提高, 价格提高 显然它们不得不调整计划了。 价,显然它们不得不调整计划了。
• But if those companies were hoping that Apple would add $100 to the iPad's price before they would announce those details, they'll have to go back to the touchscreen and revise their plans. • Of all the name-brand tablets competing with the iPad, and now the iPad 2, only Barnes & Noble's NookColor has easily beaten Apple's tablets on price. And that $249 Android device is essentially an ebook reader with a Web browser, not an all-purpose device such as the iPad. • Apple underscored the iPad's versatility repeatedly in its demonstration. Apple product managers showed off iPad versions of its iMovie and Garage Band applications that let users edit movies and create songs on the device, while Jobs cited a substantial lead in developer support. He cited 65,000 iPad-optimized applications amonቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ the 350,000-plus in Apple's App Store, then suggested that a mere 100 tablet-tuned programs exist for Android. • That, too, departs from computing precedent. For years, Mac advocates had to put up with Windows users bragging about the far more extensive choice of applications avialable in Microsoft's operating system. But in the post-PC world, Apple seems to be saying, a lot of those old rules deserve to be deleted.
• Jobs also took time to trash-talk the competition as being "just flummoxed" and offer his own definition of the tablet market as a "post-PC" space.
• In other words, rival tablet makers that hope to take a bite out of Apple's business by touting the superior specifications of their devices are doing it wrong. • Post-PC devices - in Apple's case, the iPod, iPhone and iPad - operate and are seen as appliances, with the sole measure of their worth being ease of use. • But companies such as Samsung, Motorola, HP and Research In Motion might have to solve a more difficult problem first: Beating Apple on price. • That's a novel development in the computing industry. Apple has traditionally priced its products, from Mac desktops and laptops to iPods and iPhones, as a sort of affordable luxury, with an elegance and efficiency that justified a premium over everybody else's gadgets.