同位语从句讲解

1. （09江西）The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 2. The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. / 3. The suggestion ____ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /
(should) be sent He gave the order that the patient ______________（send) to hospital
(3) 当doubt 作名词用于肯定句中，其 后的同位语从句引导词用whether; 如 果是否定句/疑问句，则用that. whether There is some doubt ________their football team will win the match. that There is no/little doubt ______they will agree with you on this matter.
4.连词: that/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how
I. 名词性从句的引导词：
1.连接词 ：that、if、whether 无意义
“是否”
不作成分
2. 连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which 、 whoever, whatever 作主/宾/ 表 3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、how
连接词副词when/where/why/how引导同位 语从句并分别充当______________________ 时间/地点/原因/方式 状语.
1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早. 2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿.
why they 1.I’ve got a good idea _____ left early. where we should 2.The question _______ go has not been decided.
(2) 表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名 词（如suggestion, advice, order, request等）后接同位语从句时，从句 用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形” 结构，should 可以省略。 Our teacher gave advice that we (should) make use of every chance to speak English.
Appositive Clause
What kind of noun clauses are they? 1. What it was to become was a mystery. 名 词 性 从 句
2. I don’t know who will help Henry to win the bet.
同位语从句
1.概念: 抽象名词 的同位语的名词性从句。 在复合句中作_________ 2.功能: 同位语从句对该抽象名词进一步解释，说明名词 具体内容 的_____________ 。 3.用法: 常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有:
事实 idea_____ 理由 /thought_____ 想法 fact_____/ 想法 /reason _____ 疑惑 信念 /doubt_____/news_____/hope______/belief_______ 消息 希望 消息 /message______/decision ______ 决定 / warning_____ 警告 命令 / promise______ /information______ 信息 order_______ 诺言 可能性 /evidence_____ 证据 …… / possibility_______
come home from abroad soon.
There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.
连接词whether引导的同位语从句 如果从句意思不完整且表示不确定的事情 (含“是否”之意)，应该用 ________来引 whether 导. 只用whether引导,不用if. • He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. _________
连接词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句 在从句中充当成分 1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定. 2.我不知道该选哪个. (主语) who should go 1.The question _____ abroad hasn’t been decided yet. which one I 2. I have no idea ______ should choose. (定语)
总结:1)同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该 名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词 idea, fact, news, hope, thought, suggestion等抽象名词之后 2)连接词that不能省略,无意义无成分； 3)用whether而不用if引导同位语从句 4)连接代词who, which, what在从句中作主语、 宾语、表语或定语; 连接副词where, when, why, how在从句作状语。
5. 注意事项： (1) 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所 要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词 隔开，这种从句叫分隔式同位语从 句。
Word came that their team had won.
The whole truth came out at last that it was a wolf in sheep’s clothing.
作状语
主语从句 位于句首
从 句 that whether who whom whose 引导词: what which when where why how
1. That he knows Japanese is known to all. 2. What surprised me was to see him here .
2.定义：定语从句---对先行词加以修饰限定，与先行词 是修饰与被修饰的关系。 同位语从句---对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是 名词全部内容的体现。
判断:定语从句or同位语从句
1. The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. (同位语从句) 2. The news that we got last week is true. (定语从句) 3. I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. (同位语从句) 4. The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. (定语从句)
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
主语从句在句中做------ 主语 表语从句在句中做------ 表语 1. That he will come is certain.
主语从句
宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语 同位语从句在句中-----同位语
2. I know that he will come.
3. His trouble is that he doesn’t know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.
Lead-in
Mr. Liu, our Chinese teacher, is a charming gentleman. 同位语（appositive ） The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 同位语从句 （appositive clause）
宾语从句
3. The truth is that I have been there.
表语从句
4. The fact that she was late surprised us.
同位语从句
注意： 用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下几组：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… It is important that… It is obvious that… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that… It is known to all that… It has been decided that… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that… It is a surprise that… It is a fact that… d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句 It appears that… It happens that… It occurred to me that… 有必要…… 重要的是…… 很明显…… 人们相信…… 从所周知…… 已决定…… ……是常识 令人惊奇的是…… 事实是…… 似乎…… 碰巧…… 我突然想起……
主语太长了!放到句尾
主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It
连接词that引导的同位语从句
如果从句句子意思完整且是确定的事情应该 用______ that 来引导.
that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用. He told me the news that he would
That’s all.
同位语从句与that引导 的定语从句的区别是什 么? 该如何区分呢?
三.如何区别由that 引导的定语ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu句和同位语从句
1.
定语从句中that，代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表
同位语从句中that, 连词，无成分无意义 The news that our team has won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true.
That无词义,不可省略
What “什么”, “所…. 3. When he will come is unknown 的” . When “什么时候” 4. Whether he is coming doesn’t matter much. 主语从句不用 if
5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.
1. It is well known that a big earthquake struck Japan on 11, March. 2. The reason why it happened is that the continents are moving. 3. What surprised me most was that a large number of cars were washed away by the water. 4. A large number of people were homeless, and I have no idea whether they can rebuild their home. 5. The news that our country has offered help makes me proud. 6. I think it our duty to do what we can (do) to help them.