英语五种基本句型及练习

精品文档英语简单句的五种基本句型(do sth for sb )
do sb sth
(get sth for sb ) get sb sth 只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或简单句：并列谓语）的句子，称作简单句。

(make sth for sb) make sb. sth (pay sth for sb) pay sb. sth 5种基本句型。

简单句的基本句型：简单句有以下(sing sth for sb ) sing sb sth 1不及物动词．主语+ My tooth aches. 例：It is raining heavily. 补足语+ 及物动词5．主语+ + 宾语翻译：I saw her dancing. 例：He told me to clean my room.他昨天锻炼了。

1. 翻译：这只鸭子正在游泳。

2. 我们老师要求我们每天读英语。

1. 3. 这个女孩儿跳舞好。

他总是使我笑。

2. 风筝在天上飞。

4.
我发现这部电影有趣。

3. + ．主语+ 及物动词宾语2非谓语动词I met John in the street They enjoy the play. 例：
yesterday. 【非谓语动词】翻译：构成：（to）+动词原形他喜欢篮球比赛。

1. 动词不定式 2. 他每天打电脑游戏。

3. 她正在弹吉他。

非在句中的作用（除谓语动词外的任何成分）
他们经常放风筝。

4. 构成：V.-ing 谓动名词语+ 3．主语+ 系动词表语like 例：It looks Jenny is fine. He is out. 用法（主、宾、表、定）动
rain soon. 词翻译：V. -ing / V.-ed（规则变化）构成：他是美国人。

1.分词 2. 苹果尝起来味道很好。

2.用法（表、补、定、状） 3.树变绿了。

4.你的主意听起来不错。

（一）动名词双宾语+ 主语4. 及物动词+ ”构+ing一、动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形The sun gives us light. 例：He bought her a watch.
翻译：成1. 他给我讲了个故事。

我们初中英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。

注意：他们送给我一个礼物。

2.
3. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, 阶段常见的有：
4. 我同学借给我了一本字典。

, feel ）（inhave fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（即（即间接宾语）：注意双宾语一个指人，另一个指物有时它们直接宾语）。

一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面，consider, keep on, up, to（习惯于）, give like, be used 或to 也可交换位置，这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词。

我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。

suggest, can't help。

for
）完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy常见的双宾语结构：keep on, be used to, give up 继续习惯别放弃（）bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb).
(give sth to sb.) give sb. sth （consider, suggest, can't help, feel like）考虑建议不禁想）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind hand sb. sth (hand sth to sb.) 一、动词不定时的构成leave sb. sth (leave sth.to sb)
，动词原形，有时可以不用toto+不定时的基本形式为：lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb) 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否这里的to (pass sth to sb)
pass sb sth。

to+定形式是not+（）动词原形(return sth to sb) return sb. sth
(send sth to sb) send sb sth
二、动词不定式的句法功能(show sth. to sb.) show sb sth 1. 不定式作主语(tell sth to sb ) tell sb sth
作形式主语，而将真正的动词不定式作主语时，常用it write sb sth (write sth to sb )
主语放在句末(buy sth for sb ) buy sb sth
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5.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how+动词不定式连用，其结构为：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）相当于一个宾语从句。

如：learn well is useful.→It is useful to 如：To learn English English well.
The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。

important for us to protect the environment. It's He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。

等表示人的品质clever注意：在kind，good，nice，
例题of。

如：的形容词后，不用for而用( )1. Tom's mother told him _______ eating too
你帮助我真是太好啦。

It's very kind of you to help me. much meat.你那样做真是太聪明you to do like that.It's very clever of A: stopping B: to stop C: stops D: stopped 啦。

( )2. We don't know _____ it next. Let's go and ask
作宾语2. 不定式Mr. Li.
有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词A: what to do B: to do what 的，如：是表示命令、打算或希望C: whether to do D: to do whether would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect( )3. How kind you are! You always do what you 等。

如：can ____me.
你今晚想去看Would you like to see a film this evening? A: help B: helping C: to help D: helps 电影吗？( )4 Drivers shouldn't be allowed ________after 代替，而后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it②在find, think drinking, or they will break the law.
将真正的宾语放在后面。

如：A: drive B: driving C: to drive I find it easy to read English every day. ( )5. Water Park is a good place________. to的动词不定式③常见的一些不带A: to have fun B: have fun ）not Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better（C: having fun D: to have a fun do..., would rather do,
( )6. Take time to relax by listening to music,
do...
notcould/would/will you please （）reading a book or just spending some time alone. 我宁愿待在房间里。

I would rather stay in the room.Relaxing allows you _______to your studies 宾语补足语3. 不定式作with more energy.
如：不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

A: return B: to return C: returning
露西让他关小收radio. down to asked him turn the Lucy ( )7. Nick, would you mind
________those old
音机。

jeans? They look terrible.
后常跟动tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage A: not to wear B: not wear 词不定式作宾语补足语。

如：C: wearing not D: not wearing 我妈妈鼓励My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. ( )8. —_______ a volunteer is great.
我学日语。

—I think so. Some of us want _______volunteers
还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，注意：for the London Olympics. to这
时不定式要省略。

这些动词有：A: Being；being B: To be；being let, make, feel一感（）（三让、）（二听、hear, listen to to be D: To be；C: Being；to be 变被动）look at, see, watch, notice）have、四看（。

但Don't forget ______your history and politics
)9.—( to语态时，必须加上。

如：books tomorrow morning.
My friends were made to work the whole night by the Thanks. I won't.
—老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。

boss. C: bringing
A: bring B: to bring 作定语4. 不定式What about _______a rest?
)10.—( ①不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。

OK. Let's go out and have a walk. —②There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。

B: takes A: to take C: taking Beijing is a good place to visit. ③
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A: write B: to write C: written D: writing
( )8.Tom often makes his sister ( )11. —I like this set of sofa so much, but I don't ,
but yesterday he was made know ______it in my small house.
by his sister.
A: cry; to cry —You're supposed to put it in the living room. B: to cry; cry
C: cry; cry D: to cry; to cry
A: where to put B: why to put
( )9. You'd better _______ too much time C: how to put playing
computer games.
the playground,
were )12. While we running on (
A: don't spend ______and Jack suddenly stopped lay on the B: not to spend
stopped ground, so we all _______what was C: to not spend D: not spend
( wrong with him.
)10. More and more young people are trying to do
something _______the old.
A: to run; to see B: running; seeing
A: served B: to serve C: serve D: serves C: running; to see
( )11. Why not _______ an English club to practice
finished
I rest? have already I ( )13. May have a
_ ______ English?
______the report.
A. to join; to speak
B. join; speaking D: written B: writing C: to write A: write
C. join; to speak
D. to join; speaking I feel a bit hungry now.
)14.—(
( )12. When we came to the gate, he stopped
Why not _______for dinner with us?
—
_________ me go in first.
D: do you goC: to go A: go B: did you go
练习 A. to let B. to tell C. to allow D. to ask
)1. Granny often tells us __water in our daily life. ( ( )13. She saw some boys _________ soccer on the
D: saves C: to save A: save B: saving playground when she was on the way to the
had off Richard ( )2. turned the he computer after classroom.
finished ________the email.
A. played
B. to play
C. playing
D: wrote C: writing A: write B: to write ( )14. —How about going shopping this weekend,
on
with to use We )3. ( —can QQ chat each other Peter?
the Internet.
—Sorry, I prefer _____ rather than _____.
Really? Will you please show me ______it? —A. to stay at home; go out A: how to use B: what to use B. to go out; stay at home
D: what can I use C: how can I use C. staying at home; go out
Bob?
—)4.Where's your brother now，( D. Going out; stay at home
I saw him ________ in the street a moment ago —( )15. It's a good habit
_________ every day.
and I told him _______.
A. to keep doing exercise
B. to stay up late
not to do so B: playing ；A: playingdon't do so ； C. to make much noise D. to too much
；C: playto do so _____the my Would you mind It's ( )16. —hot.
_______with teenagers, As )5. we're enough old ( window.
housework. We can help set the table, wash the __________. Do it as you like, please! —
dishes and clean our own rooms. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C: helped B: helping A: to help D. Open; Good idea
C. closing; Of course
We is Nancy )6. ( really student. hard-working a )17. Who do you think you'd like _____with you,
(
often see her _______books in the classroom. a boy or a girl?
C: reads A: read B: to read B. letting to go A. to let to go
_______the
( made Smith Mrs. )7 her students D. let go C. to let go
compositions three times a week.
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( )18. The house was so dirty. They decided ____. A. making B. make C. to make D. made
A. clean it up
B. to clean it up
D. cleaning up
C. clean up it ( )19. I heard someone ____the door and .
53. He stood there for two hours ____ the game.
A. open; come in
B. to open; to come in A. watched B. watching
D. to open; to come into
C. open; come into C. is watching
D. was watching
the
_____ girl was heard the piano in ( )20. The
54. It ___Jack twenty minutes ___the math problem yenext room.
sterday. C. played A. plays B. to play D. play A. took; to work out B. takes; worked out ．选择填空。

II C. has taken; work out D. is taking; working out thirsty. Will you get me something ____? 41. I'm55. When you leave, don't forget ____ off the light.
D. eating A. drink B. to drink C. eat A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned 42. How long did you spend ____ your new house yes terday?
56. Who do you think you'd like ____? B. decorate A. to decorate
A. to make friends
B. make friends
D. decorated
C. decorating C. to make friends with
D. make friends with 43. It was great fun _____ a picnic on the hill. 8. It's very kind ___you to ___ me ___the heavy bag.
D. had B. of having C. have A. to have 44. ----Lily, keep the window ____. The sandstorm hasA. for; tell; to take B. of; thank; for do that. stopped yet. ----OK, n'tI'llC. to; speak; to have D. of; help; carry A. close B. closed C. open D. opened 69. Have you decided ____? mobile girl's45. A policeman saw two thieves ____ a phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to go with whom B. whom to go with A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
C. whom go with
D. with whom to go bad for your eyes ___computer games for a long time.
46. It's D. played B. to play A. plays C. play 71. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred47. The scientist suggested ____ the experiment in a di people. fferent way.
D. done C. doing B. to do A. do A. holding B. hold
C. to hold
D. holds 48. ----Do you often hear John ____ in his room? 74. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time. ----Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him ___in his room.
A. listened to the radio
B. reading magazines B. singing; singing A. sing; to sing D. to sing; singing
C. sing; singing C. watch TV
D. plays tennis
50. Why not ____?
76. What do you think is the best way ____the wild anA. let him to go home
B. to let him go home imals?
C. let him go home
D. to let him to go home 51. They were made ____ fourteen hours a day. A. protecting
B. to protect
C. protected
D. protect D. to work A. work B. working
C. worked 52. Is it always easier ____ friends than to keep them?
rather ____ on the land ____ in a factory.
I'd77.
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A. work; than work
B. work; work
C. to work; than to work
D. to work; to work
78. My grandfather is used ____ a hat in winter.
A. to wear
B. for wearing
C. wearing
D. to wearing
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