牛顿的生平及成就英文简介
牛顿的生平及成就英文简介
In Optics
The publication of Optics, largely written by 1692, was delayed by Newton until the critics were dead. The book was still imperfect: the colors of diffraction defeated Newton. Nevertheless, Optics established itself, from about 1715, as a model of the interweaving of theory with quantitative experimentation .
Newton’s Life And Chief Achievements
Life Introduction
Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), mathematician and physicist, one of the foremost scientific intellects of all time. Born at Woolsthorpe. During two to three years of intense mental effort he prepared Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy commonly known as the Principia, although this was not published until 1687. At the age of student, Newton had general gift as common people. However, he was into reading scientific books, especially mechanical books, and he often made some small but original things. From about 12 to 17 years old, Newton was king in middle school. On June 3, 1661, he entered the trinity college at Cambridge university. At that time, the college teaching is based on Aristotle's theory, but Newton prefer to read some modern philosophers such as Descartes, Copernicus and Galileo, and Kepler astronomers more advanced ideas. Newton’s politics career. With the improvement of scientific reputation, Newton's political status has improved, too. Seats in 1669 was awarded the lucasian professor of mathematics, in 1689, he was elected to congress. Newton in 1689 to 1690 and is a member of the Royal Academy of sciences, 1701, in 1703 became President of the royal society, and for 24 years, only in the former President, Joseph Banks, is also a member of the French academy of sciences.
牛顿的一生英语小作文
牛顿的一生英语小作文Sir Isaac Newton was one of the most influential scientists in history. Born in 1642 in Woolsthorpe Manor, Lincolnshire, England, he made significant contributions to the fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy, and natural philosophy. His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for our modern understanding of the physical world.Newton's early life was marked by adversity. His father, also named Isaac Newton, died before he was born, and his mother remarried when he was just three years old, leaving him in the care of his grandmother. Despite these challenges, Newton showed a keen intellect from a young age, excelling in his studies and demonstrating a natural aptitude for problem-solving.As a young man, Newton attended the prestigious Trinity College, Cambridge, where he would go on to make some of his most remarkable discoveries. It was during his time at Cambridge that he developed his revolutionary theories on the nature of light, optics, and the laws of motion. His work on the laws of motion, which describe the relationship between an object's motion and the forcesacting upon it, would become the foundation of classical mechanics.One of Newton's most famous contributions to science was his work on the theory of gravity. In 1666, while observing an apple fall from a tree, Newton had a eureka moment and realized that the same force that pulled the apple to the ground must also be responsible for the motion of the planets and other celestial bodies. This insight led him to formulate his law of universal gravitation, which states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.Newton's work on gravity not only explained the motion of the planets but also provided a unified theory of the physical world. His groundbreaking ideas were met with both enthusiasm and skepticism, but over time, his theories were widely accepted and became the foundation of modern physics.In addition to his work on physics and astronomy, Newton made significant contributions to the field of mathematics. He is credited with developing the branch of mathematics known as calculus, which revolutionized the way we understand and describe the natural world. His work on calculus, along with his contributions to the fields of optics and mechanics, earned him a reputation as one of the greatest scientists of all time.Despite his immense accomplishments, Newton's personal life was not without its challenges. He was known to be reclusive and introverted, and he struggled with mental health issues throughout his life. He was also embroiled in several bitter feuds with other scientists, including the famous dispute with German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz over the invention of calculus.Despite these personal struggles, Newton's impact on the world of science cannot be overstated. His work has had a lasting influence on our understanding of the physical world, and his contributions have paved the way for countless scientific advancements. Today, he is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of science, and his legacy continues to inspire and captivate people around the world.In conclusion, Sir Isaac Newton's life and work have had a profound impact on our understanding of the physical world. From his groundbreaking theories on the laws of motion and the nature of gravity to his contributions to the field of mathematics, Newton's legacy as one of the greatest scientists of all time is secure. Despite the challenges he faced throughout his life, his unwavering dedication to scientific inquiry and his remarkable intellect have left an indelible mark on the course of human history.。
牛顿的生平及主要成就
牛顿的生平及主要成就
牛顿:Isaac Newton,1643年—1727年,生于英国。
1、发现了二项式定理。
二项式定理可以推广到任意实数次幂,即广义二项式定理。
是牛顿在1664年和1665年时发现的。
2、创立微积分。
微积分的创立是牛顿最卓越的数学成就。
是为了解决运动问题而创立的,牛顿称之为“流数术”。
牛顿没有及时发表微积分的研究成果,但莱布尼茨(Leibniz,1646—1716)的微积分所采取的形式更合理,且关于微积分著作出版的时间比牛顿早。
3、1707年出版《普遍算术》。
提出牛顿幂和公式。
4、1736年出版《解析几何》。
提出曲率公式及计算曲率的方法。
5、1740年发表《三次曲线枚举》。
6、1666年用三棱镜进行光的色散试验。
7、1668年制成了第一架反射望远镜。
8、1685年发现万有引力定律。
9、1686年底牛顿写了划时代的伟大著作《自然哲学的数学原理》,于1687年出版。
该书中提出了牛顿三定律,运用微积分工具确立了经典力学的完整严密的体系,实现了物理学史上的第一次大综合。
介绍牛顿的英文作文简单
介绍牛顿的英文作文简单英文回答:Sir Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author, is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution. He is best known for his discovery of the laws of motion and universal gravitation, but also made significant contributions to optics, mathematics, and natural philosophy.Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. He showed an early aptitude for mathematics and science, and at the age of 18, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge. There, he developed his theories on calculus, optics, and gravity, and laid the foundation for classical mechanics.In 1665, Newton was forced to leave Cambridge due tothe Great Plague of London. During this period of isolation, he made some of his most important scientific discoveries, including the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation.Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object's mass, velocity, and acceleration. The first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. The second law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass. The third law statesthat for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This law explains the motion of planets around the sun, the tides on Earth, andthe formation of galaxies.Newton's discoveries had a profound impact on the development of science and technology. His laws of motion and universal gravitation provided the foundation for classical mechanics, and his work on optics laid the groundwork for modern optics. His contributions to mathematics, including the development of calculus, were also groundbreaking.Newton was a prolific writer, and his most famous work, Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, is considered one of the most important scientific works ever written. Inthis work, he presented his laws of motion and universal gravitation, as well as his theories on calculus and other mathematical concepts.Newton died on March 20, 1727, in London, England. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, where he is commemorated with a grand monument. His work continues to inspire scientists and engineers to this day, and his legacy as one of the greatest scientists of all time is secure.中文回答:艾萨克·牛顿爵士,一位英国数学家、物理学家、天文学家、炼金术士、神学家和作家,被广泛认为是有史以来最有影响力的科学家之一,也是科学革命中的关键人物。
牛顿的简介
• 他的自然观对后来的科学家产生了重要影响
牛顿对科学哲学的贡献
• 他的科学方法和自然观对科学哲学的发展产生了重
要影响
• 他的理论为后来的科学家提供了重要的理论基础
牛顿对后世科学家的启示
牛顿的科学研究方法
• 他主张通过实验和观测来获取知识,反对空洞的思
辨
• 他的研究方法对后来的科学家产生了重要影响
• 宗教改革时期,宗教对科学的影响逐渐减弱
03
牛顿在科学革命中的角色
• 他是一位杰出的科学家,对物理学和数学的发展做出了
巨大贡献
• 他的研究成果推动了科学革命的发展,为后世科学家奠
定了基础
02
牛顿的物理学成就
牛顿的三大运动定律
牛顿第一定律(惯性定律)
• 物体在没有受到外力作用时,将保持静止或匀速直线运动
• 他通过实验和观测,证明了日心说的正确性
牛顿在地理学上的研究
01
牛顿对地球形状的研究
• 他对地球的形状产生了浓厚兴趣,进行了许多观测和实
验
• 他提出了地球是扁球形的观点,为地理学的发展奠定了
基础
02
牛顿的地球形状理论
• 他利用万有引力定律和牛顿力学,研究了地球的形状
• 他提出了地球扁球形的理论,为后来的地理学家提供了
• 这一定律揭示了惯性的概念,为牛顿力学奠定了基础
牛顿第二定律(加速度定律)
• 物体受到的外力与物体的质量和加速度成正比,即 F = ma
• 这一定律揭示了力的作用效果,为运动学的发展奠定了基础
牛顿第三定律(作用与反作用定律)
• 对于任何作用力,都有一个大小相等、方向相反的反作用力
• 这一定律揭示了力的一般性质,为物体间的相互作用提供了理论依据
英语作文介绍牛顿
英语作文介绍牛顿Sir Isaac Newton, born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, England, stands as one of the most influential scientists in history. His contributions to the field of physics, mathematics, and astronomy have left an indelible mark on the scientific community and our understanding of the natural world.Newton's most notable work, the laws of motion and universal gravitation, laid the groundwork for classical mechanics. His three laws of motion describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and his law of universal gravitation explains the gravitational attraction between bodies. These principles are encapsulated in his seminal work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica," published in 1687.In addition to his work in physics, Newton made significant strides in mathematics. He developed calculus independentlyof Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, introducing mathematical tools that are fundamental to modern scientific analysis. His work on the binomial theorem and the generalization of the concept of a power series have been instrumental in the developmentof algebra and geometry.Newton's work in optics was no less revolutionary. He conducted a series of experiments demonstrating that sunlight is composed of a spectrum of colors, which he published inhis work "Opticks." He also developed the first reflecting telescope, which used mirrors instead of lenses to gather and focus light, thus avoiding chromatic aberration.Despite his profound scientific achievements, Newton was also a deeply private individual with a complex personality. He held various positions throughout his life, including serving as the Warden and later the Master of the Royal Mint, and as a member of Parliament. His personal life was marked by periods of intense productivity followed by times of seclusion and bouts of mental instability.Newton's legacy extends beyond his scientific discoveries. He is often celebrated as an exemplar of the scientific method, embodying the spirit of inquiry and rigorous analysis that characterizes the best of scientific endeavor. His life and work continue to inspire generations of scientists and scholars, reminding us of the power of human curiosity and the pursuit of knowledge.In conclusion, Sir Isaac Newton's contributions to science have been monumental. His theories and discoveries have not only shaped our understanding of the physical universe but also set a standard for scientific rigor and innovation. As we celebrate his achievements, we are reminded of the transformative power of scientific thought and the enduring impact of Newton's genius on the world.。
_近代科学之父牛顿英语介绍
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2 Newton almost became a farmer . Newton was born in a farming family. When he was 17 years old, her mother insisted on Newton comes home from school to do farm work. Thank goodness, Newton was not good at farm work. Not a
牛顿在中学时代学习成绩并不出众,但对自然现象有好奇心,尤其是几何学、哥白尼的日心说 等等。他还分门别类的记读书笔记,喜欢做些小试验。
Later ,his mother asked Newton to leave school and work on their farm to support their family. But Newton would devote himself whenever possible. When his mother told him to learn the work of business, he hided in the bushes in order to read a book. On one occasion, his uncle found that his nephew lying on the grass, concentrating on study of a mathematical problem. his uncle was moved, then he persuaded Newton’s mother to let Newton return school, and encourages Newton to go to university. Newton returned to school to study again
艾萨克·牛顿——近代物理学之父
艾萨克·牛顿——近代物理学之父艾萨克·牛顿介绍中文名:艾萨克·牛顿外文名:Isaac Newton国籍:英国出生地:英国林肯郡伍尔索普村出生日期:1643年1月4日逝世日期:1727年3月31日职业:物理学家、数学家毕业院校:格兰瑟姆中学、剑桥大学信仰:自然神论主要成就:提出万有引力定律、牛顿运动定律与莱布尼茨共同发明微积分发明反射式望远镜和光的色散原理被誉为“近代物理学之父”代表作品:《自然哲学的数学原理》《光学》逝世地:英国伦敦肯辛顿研究领域:物理学、数学、天文学、科学等所获荣耀:英国皇家学会会长晚年任职:英国皇家铸币厂厂长和督办智商:290少年时代1643年1月4日,艾萨克·牛顿出生于英格兰林肯郡乡下的一个小村落伍尔索普村的伍尔索普(Woolsthorpe)庄园。
在牛顿出生之时,英格兰并没有采用教皇的最新历法,因此他的生日被记载为1642年的圣诞节。
牛顿出生前三个月,他同样名为艾萨克的父亲才刚去世。
由于早产的缘故,新生的牛顿十分瘦小;据传闻,他的母亲汉娜·艾斯库(Hannah Ayscough)曾说过,牛顿刚出生时小得可以把他装进一夸脱的马克杯中。
当牛顿3岁时,他的母亲改嫁并住进了新丈夫巴纳巴斯·史密斯(Barnabus Smith)牧师的家,而把牛顿托付给了他的外祖母玛杰里·艾斯库(Margery Ayscough)。
年幼的牛顿不喜欢他的继父,并因母亲改嫁的事而对母亲持有一些敌意,牛顿甚至曾经写下:“威胁我的继父与生母,要把他们连同房子一齐烧掉。
”1648年,牛顿被送去读书。
少年时的牛顿并不是神童,他成绩一般,但他喜欢读书,喜欢看一些介绍各种简单机械模型制作方法的读物,并从中受到启发,自己动手制作些奇奇怪怪的小玩意,如风车、木钟、折叠式提灯等等。
传说小牛顿把风车的机械原理摸透后,自己制造了一架磨坊的模型,他将老鼠绑在一架有轮子的踏车上,然后在轮子的前面放上一粒玉米,刚好那地方是老鼠可望不可及的位置。
艾萨克.牛顿人物生平介绍是怎样的
艾萨克.牛顿人物生平介绍是怎样的牛顿被誉为人类历史上最伟大的科学家之一。
他的万有引力定律在人类历史上第一次把天上的运动和地上的运动统一起来,为日心说提供了有力的理论支持,使得自然科学的研究最终挣脱了宗教的枷锁。
下面就是小编给大家带来的艾萨克.牛顿人物生平介绍,希望大家喜欢!艾萨克.牛顿人物生平介绍艾萨克·牛顿爵士PRSMP(Sir Isaac Newton,1643年1月4日-1727年3月31日,英语发音)[儒略历:1642年12月25日-1726年3月20日]是一位英格兰物理学家、数学家、天文学家、自然哲学家和炼金术士。
那是在1665年,牛顿让一束太阳光通过三棱镜,结果阳光被分解成了赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫七种颜色。
这是一个重大发现,它证明普通的光是由七色组成的。
牛顿还用一个凸透镜把七色光合成了白光,更加证实了这一点。
牛顿还进一步测定了不同颜色的光的折射率,从而发现了不同色光的折射角度,是按着赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫的顺序加大,物质的色彩是由不同颜色的光在不同物体上有不同的折射率造成的。
牛顿立即把上述发现用到制造望远镜上,一举制成了不带颜色的折射望远镜,奠定了现代大型光学天文望远镜的基础。
伊萨克·牛顿爵士(Sir Isaac Newton,儒略历1642年12月25日-1727年3月20日格里历1643年1月4日—1727年3月31日),数学家、科学家和哲学家,同时是英国当时炼金术热衷者。
他在1687年7月5日发表的《自然哲学的数学原理》(Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica)里提出的万有引力定律以及他的牛顿运动定律是经典力学的基石。
牛顿还和莱布尼茨各自独立地发明了微积分。
他总共留下了50多万字的炼金术手稿和100多万字的神学手稿。
少年牛顿1643年1月4日,在英格兰林肯郡小镇沃尔索浦的一个自耕农家庭里,牛顿诞生了。
伟大数学家牛顿简介
牛顿生平简介牛顿(Newton Isaac,1642—1727)是英国数学家、物理学家、天文学家。
牛顿出生于一个普通农民家庭,而且还是一个遗腹子,小时智力一般,对读书无兴趣。
后来他发奋读书,以特别优异的成绩考入英国剑桥大学三一学院,22岁(1664年)获得学士学位。
1665年,伦敦地区流行鼠疫,剑桥大学暂时关闭。
牛顿回到出生地,在乡村幽居的两年中(1665—1666),终日思考各种问题,探索大自然的奥秘。
他平生三大发明:微积分,万有引力定律,光谱分析都萌发于此地,时年23岁。
1667年,牛顿回到剑桥大学攻读硕士学位,1669年获得“路卡斯教授”的职位(时年27岁)。
牛顿对数学的贡献最突出的有三项:流数术(微积分)、二项式定理与广义算术(代数学)。
单就数学方面的贡献,他就与古希腊的数学之神阿基米德、德国的数学王子高斯齐名,被称为世界上最伟大的三位数学家。
牛顿生平对科学有四大贡献:创建微积分,为近代数学奠定基础;奇迹般地做了光谱分析,打开了通向近代光学的大门;发现了万有引力定律,孕育了近代天文学;总结了力学三大定律,创立了牛顿经典力学。
由于牛顿对科学做出了巨大的贡献,受到人们的高度崇敬。
莱布尼兹说:“在从世界开始到牛顿生活的年代的全部数学中,牛顿的工作超过一半。
”汤姆森(Thomson)说:“牛顿的发现对英国及人类的贡献超过所有英国国王。
”牛顿被后人誉为“一个为人类增添光辉的人”。
牛顿墓碑上的碑铭最后一句是“他是人类真正的骄傲”。
牛顿终生未娶,全身心献身于科学事业。
牛顿知识雄厚,思路宽阔,勤于思考。
他曾说:“我的成功归功于精心的思索”。
“没有大胆的猜想就做不出伟大的发现”。
“我并没有什么方法,只不过对于一件事情,总是花很长时间热心地去考虑罢了”。
“只有不断地思考才能到达发现的彼岸”。
牛顿一生功绩卓著,成绩斐然,但他自己却很谦虚,临终时留下这样一段遗言:“我不知道,世人会怎样看我,不过,我自己觉得,我只像一个在海滨玩耍的孩子,一会儿拣起一块比较光滑的卵石,一会儿找到个美丽的贝壳;而在我面前,真理的大海还完全没有发现。
介绍牛顿的英语文章
介绍牛顿的英语文章Sir Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and natural philosopher who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time. Born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe Manor, Lincolnshire, England, Newton made significant contributions to various fields of study, including physics, mathematics, astronomy, and optics.Newton's early life was marked by a challenging and tumultuous childhood. His father, also named Isaac Newton, died before he was born, and his mother, Hannah Ayscough, remarried when he was just three years old, leaving him in the care of his grandparents. Despite these early setbacks, Newton's remarkable intellect and curiosity soon became evident.As a young boy, Newton attended the King's School in Grantham, where he excelled academically, particularly in mathematics and science. His thirst for knowledge was insatiable, and he spent countless hours conducting experiments, observing the natural world, and exploring the mysteries of the universe.After completing his early education, Newton enrolled at the University of Cambridge, where he would go on to make some of his most groundbreaking discoveries. At Cambridge, Newton immersed himself in the study of mathematics, optics, and natural philosophy, laying the foundation for his future achievements.One of Newton's most famous contributions to science was his development of the three laws of motion, which have become the cornerstone of classical mechanics. These laws, known as Newton's Laws of Motion, describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it, and they have had a profound impact on our understanding of the physical world.In addition to his work on mechanics, Newton made significant contributions to the field of optics. He conducted extensive experiments on the nature of light, including the famous prism experiment, which demonstrated that white light is composed of a spectrum of colors. Newton's work on optics also led to the development of the reflecting telescope, which revolutionized astronomical observations.Perhaps Newton's most famous and influential work was his masterpiece, the "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica," or "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy," published in 1687.In this seminal work, Newton presented his theory of universal gravitation, which explained the motion of celestial bodies and the forces that govern the universe. The Principia, as it is commonly known, is widely regarded as one of the most important scientific works of all time, and it established Newton as the father of modern physics.Throughout his life, Newton's scientific pursuits were not limited to physics and mathematics. He also made significant contributions to the field of astronomy, including the development of a new system for calculating the orbits of comets and the discovery of the true shape of the Earth, which he determined to be an oblate spheroid rather than a perfect sphere.Beyond his scientific achievements, Newton was also a skilled alchemist and theologian. He spent a considerable amount of time studying the nature of matter and the secrets of the universe, and he was deeply interested in the study of religion and philosophy. Newton's religious beliefs were complex and often misunderstood, but he was a devout Christian who grappled with questions of faith and the nature of God.Despite his many accomplishments, Newton's life was not without its challenges. He was known to be temperamental and could be fiercely competitive, often engaging in bitter feuds with otherscientists and scholars. His later years were marked by periods of ill health and depression, and he struggled with the demands of his various roles and responsibilities.Nevertheless, Newton's legacy as one of the most influential scientists in history is undeniable. His groundbreaking discoveries and theories have shaped our understanding of the physical world and have had a lasting impact on the fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy, and beyond. Today, Newton's name is synonymous with scientific excellence and the relentless pursuit of knowledge.In conclusion, Sir Isaac Newton was a true giant of science, whose contributions to our understanding of the universe have stood the test of time. His life and work continue to inspire and captivate scholars and scientists around the world, and his legacy will undoubtedly endure for generations to come.。
牛顿个人资料及简介作文
牛顿个人资料及简介作文English.Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and a keyfigure in the scientific revolution. He is best known for his discovery of the laws of motion and universal gravitation, but he also made significant contributions to optics and mathematics.Biography.Newton was born in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England, to a prosperous farmer. He showed an early aptitude for mathematics and science, and at the age of 18, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge. He graduated in 1665 with a degree in mathematics.After graduation, Newton returned to his home in Woolsthorpe, where he developed his theories on calculus, optics, and gravity. In 1672, he published his groundbreaking work, "Opticks", which laid the foundation for the study of light and color.In 1687, Newton published his seminal work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which contained his laws of motion and universal gravitation. This work is considered one of the most importantscientific works ever written and revolutionized our understanding of the physical world.Newton was also a devout Christian and wrote extensively on theology and alchemy. He served as the Master of the Royal Mint from 1699 to 1727.Major Contributions.Laws of Motion: Newton's three laws of motion describe the behavior of objects in motion. They are:An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an external force.An object in motion will continue to move in a straight line with constant velocity unless acted on by an external force.For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.Universal Gravitation: Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This law explains the motion of celestial bodies, such as the planets and stars.Optics: Newton made significant contributions to the field of optics, including:The development of the reflecting telescope.The discovery of the spectrum of light.The formulation of the wave-particle duality of light.Mathematics: Newton is credited with developing calculus, a branch of mathematics that is used to study rates of change. He also made important contributions to algebra and geometry.Legacy.Newton's work had a profound impact on the development of science and mathematics. His laws of motion and universal gravitation are considered fundamental to our understanding of the physical world. His work on optics and mathematics laid the groundwork for many subsequent advances. Newton is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time, and his contributions continue to shape our understanding of the universe.Chinese.艾萨克·牛顿(1642 年 12 月 25 日 1726/27 年 3 月 20 日)是一位英国数学家、物理学家、天文学家、炼金术士、神学家和作家,被广泛认为是有史以来最有影响力的科学家之一,也是科学革命的关键人物。
牛顿英文简介
牛顿英文简介艾萨克牛顿,英国出名的物理学家,百科全书式的“全才”,下面是我给大家整理的牛顿英文简介,供大家参阅!艾萨克牛顿人物生平TeenagerOn January 4, 1643, Isaac Newton was born in the Woolsthorpe manor in a small village of Woolthorpe village in Lincolnshire, England. At the time of Newtons birth, England did not use the Popes latest calendar, so his birthday was recorded as Christmas in 1642. Newton was born three months before, he also named Isaacs father had just died. It was rumored that his mother, Hannah Ayscough, had said that Newton was born when he was small enough to put him in a quart of mugs. When Newton was three years old, his mother remarried and housed the home of the new husband Barnabus Smith, and entrusted Newton to his grandmother Margery Ayscough, The Young Newton did not like his stepfather and had some hostility to his mother because of his mother s remarriage, and Newton had even written: threaten my stepfather and mother, and burn them together with the house.In 1648, Newton was sent to study. Junior Newton is not a child prodigy, his performance in general, but he likes to read, like to see some of the simple mechanical model production methods of reading, and inspired by their own hands to create some strange gadgets, such as windmills, Wooden bell, folding lanterns and so on.The legend of Newton touched the mechanical principle of the windmill, made a model of the mill, he tied the mouse to a wheeled treadmill, and then put a corn in front of the wheel, just that place is The mouse is inaccessible position. The mouse would like to eat corn, and constantly running, so the wheels kept turning; once again when he was flying a kite, hanging on the rope with a small light, the night the village looked surprised to see the comet appeared; he also made a small bell The Every morning, a small water clock will automatically drip into his face, urging him to get up. He also likes painting, sculpture, especially like carved sundials, home walls, windowsill everywhere placed with his portrayed sundial, to see the shadow of the move.school daysIn 1654, Newton went out of school with more than a dozen kilometers of Kowloons Kings Royal High School. Newtons mother had hoped that he would become a farmer, but Newton himself did not intend to, and love reading. With the increase in age, Newton more love to study, like meditation, do little science experiment. When he was studying at the Royal High School in Kingdez, he had been in a pharmacists home and had been influenced by chemical tests.Newton has a great academic record in the middle school, loves to study, curious about natural phenomena, such as color, shadows, especially geometric, Copernicus, and so on. He also categorized notes, and liked to ingeniously do small tools, tips, small inventions, small tests.At that time the British society infiltrated the new ideas of Christianity, Newton home with two priests as a professional relatives, which may be Newtons religious lifesuffered. Only from these ordinary environment and activities, but also do not see the young Newton is a different from ordinary people can be different children.Later forced to live difficulties, the mother to Newton suspended in the house farming, support the family. But Newton had the opportunity to bury the book, and even forget to work. Every time the mother told him to join the servant with the servant, familiar with the business of doing business, he pleaded with the servant a person took to the streets, he hid in the grove after reading. Once again, Newtons uncle was suspicious, and he followed Newton on the town and found his nephew Newton stretched out his legs, lying on the grass, and concentrating on a math problem. Newtons eager mind touched the uncle, so uncle to persuade his mother to Newton school, and encouraged Newton to college. Newton returned to school again, eager to learn the nutrition of the book.According to the Men of Mathematics, ET Bell and An introduction to the history of mathematics, H. Eves Newton started school education in rural schools and was later sent to the King Middle School of Grantham and became the best student of the school. At Kings High School, he boarded the local pharmacist William (William Clarke), and at the age of 19 went to Cambridge University before the school, with the pharmacists stepfather Anne Stowler (Anne Storer) engagement. Later, because Newton focused on his research and make love cooling, Stole It is said that Newton had a good memory of the affair, but then there was no other romance, and Newton did not marry for life.However, according to the description of the book Memoirs of Sir Isaac NewtonsLife by William Stukeley, a friend of Newtons contemporary era, Strickley died after Newtons death Had visited Vincent (Madame Vincent), that is, Newtons lovers Miss Stole. The name of Mrs. Vincent is called Catherine, not Anne, Anne is her sister (see Arthur Storer), and the lady only said that Newton was the same time she waspregnant with the degree of only.From the age of 12 to 17 years old, Newton in the Royal High School in the study of gold, in the school library windowsill can also see his signature of the year. Hedropped out of school and returned to Elsopau in October 1659 because his widowed mother wanted Newton as a farmer. Newton, though obeying the mother, butaccording to Newtons peers later, the farming work made Newton quite unhappy.Henry Stokes, the principal of the Royal High School of King Kong, persuadedNewtons mother, who was sent back to school to finish his studies. He completed his studies at the age of 18 and got a perfect graduation report.June 3, 1661, he entered the Cambridge University Trinity College. At that time, the colleges teaching was based on Aristotles doctrine, but Newton preferred to read some of the modern philosophers such as Descartes and astronomers such as Galileo, Copernicus and Kepler. In 1665, he discovered the generalized binomial theorem and began to develop a new mathematical theory, that is, later known to the world of calculus. In 1665, Newton got a degree, and the university was shut down to prevent the Great Plague in London. Over the next two years, Newton continues to studycalculus, optics, and gravitational law at home.Political career2/ 4In 1669, was granted to Lucas Professor of Mathematics.In 1689 he was elected a member of Congress. Newton was a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences from 1689 to 1690 and 1701 and became president of the Royal Society in 1703 and worked for 24 years, after Joseph Becks, who was also president of the French Academy of Sciences Of the members.In 1696, Newton passed the administration of the then Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Montague to move to London for the supervision of the Royal Mint, until death. He presided over the UKs largest money recast, the job is generally idle, but Newton is very serious treatment. As the chief executive of the Royal Mint, Newton estimates that about 20% of the coins are forged. It is very difficult to convict those infamous criminals; but it is proved that Newton is doing well. Newton became a gentleman.In 1705, Newton was called the Queen by Anne Queen.Newton wrote a lot of religious pamphlets that dealt with the text of the Bible in the 1670s. Henry Moores cosmic belief and refusal of Cartesian dualism influenced Newtons religious beliefs. In his never-published manuscript to John Locke, he disputed the existence of the Trinity.ResignationMarch 31, 1727 (Granville), the great Isaac Newton died, and many outstanding British people were buried in the Westminster Abbey. His tombstone engraved: Let people cheer such a great human glory has existed in the world.When the New Year in 1727, 85 years old died, the British buried him in Westminster. Westminsters predecessor is a monastery, in 1579, the British Queen Elizabeth I will Westminster to college, the principal appointed by the British monarch. Westminsters official name was changed to Westminster St. Peters College Church, after three centuries, Westminster became Oxford and Cambridge after the third British institutions of higher learning. The poet Alexander Pope wrote the following epitaph for Newton: Nature and Nature law lay hid in night; God said, Let Newton be, and all was light. The laws of nature and nature are hidden in the darkness; God says, Let Newton come! So everything turned bright.For more than nine hundred years, Westminster Abbey was an important place for the British celebration, except for worship, prayer and worship. British celebrities can be buried after death to this glory. According to statistics, the area covers an area of 2972 square meters of Westminster Temple (Westminster St. Peters College Church), buried a total of more than 3,300 people, including many contemporary celebrities, such as: Darwin, Dickens , Newton, Churchill ... ... countless people in the UK have far-reaching impact on the historical figures are resting in the Westminster Temple, there are many celebrities, itself is not buried here, there are written on the name of the stone plate embedded in the ground as a memorial. And the most famous inside is Newton, he is the first in the history of mankind to get the natural sciences of natural scientists.His cemetery is located in the center of the front hall of Westminster Abbey, that is, the nave, where the statue of a Newton statue stands above the cemetery, and the stone is sitting on a pile of books. There are two angels around, there is a huge earthshape to commemorate his achievements in science.No matter how many Newtons mysteries and controversies, but this is not enough to reduce Newtons influence. In 1726, Voltaire once said that Newton was the greatest man because he ruled our minds with the power of truth, rather than enslave us with force.In fact, if you look at the index of a science encyclopedia, you will find that Newton and his laws and found more than two to three times more than any scientist. Leibniz is not Newtons friend, and there have been very intense debates between them. But he wrote: From the beginning of the world to the time of Newtons life, the contribution to the development of mathematics is largely made by Newton. The great French scientist Laplace wrote: The principle is human wisdom The most outstanding masterpiece of the product. Lagrange often said Newton was the greatest genius ever.In the American scholar Mike Harts 100 people who affect the history of human history list, Newton ranked No. 2, second only to Muhammad. The book pointed out: in Newton after the birth of hundreds of years, peoples lifestyles found earth-shaking changes, and these changes are mostly based on Newtons theory and discovery. In the past 500 years, with the rise of modern science, most peoples daily life has undergone a revolutionary change. Compared with 1500 years ago, we wear different, different diet, work different, but also with them is that we have a lot of leisure time. Scientific discovery not only brings technological and economic revolution, it also completely changed the political, religious thought, art and philosophy.In 2021, the British Broadcasting Corporation was named one of the greatest British people in a global selection of the greatest British activities. The global public is aware that Newtons achievements are cosmopolitan and have an impact on all mankind, said Tristram Hunt, a historian who specializes in editing Newtons album in the Great British family documentary. These voters apparently crossed the borders, and he was happy with Newton s presence.牛顿英文简介相关4/ 4。
介绍牛顿的英语作文
介绍牛顿的英语作文英文回答:Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author, is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and a key figure in the scientific revolution. His groundbreaking contributions in mathematics, physics, and astronomy have had a profound impact on our understandingof the universe.Born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England, Newton showed exceptional mathematical abilities from a young age. Despite his initial reluctance to pursue higher education, he eventually enrolled at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1661. It was during his time at Cambridgethat Newton made some of his most significant discoveries.In 1665, during the Great Plague of London, Newton was forced to return to his family home in Woolsthorpe. Thisperiod of isolation proved to be highly productive for Newton, and it was during this time that he developed his fundamental laws of motion and universal gravitation. These groundbreaking theories laid the foundation for classical mechanics and celestial mechanics, and they continue to be essential components of modern physics.After returning to Cambridge in 1667, Newton published his seminal work "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) in 1687. This masterpiece presented his three laws ofmotion and his law of universal gravitation, whichexplained the motion of celestial bodies and provided a unified framework for understanding the physical world.Newton's contributions to mathematics were equally significant. He developed the calculus, a powerful mathematical tool that revolutionized the fields of mathematics and physics. He also made importantcontributions to the study of optics, including his discovery of the composition of white light and the development of the reflecting telescope.Besides his scientific achievements, Newton was also deeply interested in theology and alchemy. He wrote extensively on biblical interpretation and the existence of God. Newton's religious beliefs influenced his scientific work, and he saw his discoveries as evidence of the harmony and order of the universe.Throughout his life, Newton received numerous honors and accolades for his scientific contributions. He was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705 and served as President of the Royal Society from 1703 to 1727.Isaac Newton's legacy is immense. His groundbreaking discoveries in mathematics, physics, and astronomy laid the foundation for modern science, and his ideas continue to inspire and challenge scientists to this day. His name remains synonymous with scientific genius and his contributions to the advancement of human knowledge are immeasurable.中文回答:牛顿简介。
牛顿主要介绍英语作文
牛顿主要介绍英语作文Isaac Newton: A Pioneer of Modern ScienceIsaac Newton, a name synonymous with the laws of motion and universal gravitation, stands as one of the most towering figures in the history of science. Born on January 4, 1643,in Woolsthorpe, England, Newton's contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy have left an indelible mark on our understanding of the natural world.Newton's early life was marked by a thirst for knowledge. Despite being born prematurely and orphaned at a young age, he showed a keen interest in the workings of the universe. His education at the University of Cambridge exposed him to the works of great thinkers like René Descartes and Galileo Galilei, which would later influence his own theories.One of Newton's most significant achievements was the formulation of the three laws of motion. These laws describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting upon it. They are fundamental to the field of classical mechanics and are still taught today as the basis for understanding motion.Newton's second law, in particular, is famous for its elegant simplicity: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). This equation has been used to calculate everything from the trajectory of a thrown ball to the launch of spaceshuttles.In addition to his work in physics, Newton made groundbreaking contributions to mathematics. He developed calculus independently of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, laying the foundation for a new branch of mathematics that would become essential for advanced physics and engineering.Newton's work in astronomy led him to formulate the law of universal gravitation. This law states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This was a monumental step forward in understanding the celestial mechanics that govern the motion of planets and stars.Newton's life was not solely dedicated to scientific pursuits. He also held the position of Warden and later Master of the Royal Mint, where he contributed to the reformation of England's currency. His administrative skills and integrity were as notable as his scientific genius.Isaac Newton passed away on March 31, 1727, but his legacy endures. His work has been a cornerstone of scientific inquiry and education for centuries. Newton's life and achievements serve as a testament to the power of curiosity and the relentless pursuit of knowledge. His theories continue to inspire new generations of scientists and thinkers, ensuring that his influence on the world of scienceremains as strong as the gravitational pull he so famously described.。
牛顿英语作文介绍
Isaac Newton: The Genius WhoRevolutionized ScienceIsaac Newton, a name synonymous with scientific revolution, revolutionized the field of physics with his laws of motion and gravity. Born in 1643, Newton was a prodigy from a young age, demonstrating an exceptional understanding of mathematics and science. His journey to becoming one of the greatest scientists of all time began with his curiosity and dedication to understanding the natural world.Newton's life was not always smooth sailing. He experienced significant personal losses, including the death of his mother when he was just three years old and his father soon after. These tragedies left him in the care of his grandparents, who recognized his intellectual abilities and encouraged him to pursue his studies.Newton's breakthrough moment came when he developed his three laws of motion, which form the foundation ofclassical mechanics. These laws describe how objects move and interact with forces, providing a mathematicalframework to understand the motion of objects in thephysical world.His laws of motion were followed by his theory of gravity, which explained the force that attracts objects towards each other. Newton's law of gravity states that every mass attracts every other mass with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This theory revolutionized our understanding of the universe,explaining phenomena such as planetary motion and the tides. Newton's contributions to science did not end there. He also made significant contributions to the fields of optics, calculus, and astronomy. His work on optics led to the development of the reflecting telescope, while his development of calculus provided a new mathematical toolfor scientists to study change and motion.Despite his many achievements, Newton remained humble and dedicated to his research. He was a firm believer inthe importance of experimentation and observation, stating that "hypotheses non fingo" (I do not feign hypotheses).This dedication to scientific method and rigorous thinking has left a lasting impact on the scientific community.Isaac Newton's life and work serve as an inspiration to scientists and researchers around the world. His legacy is not just in his laws and theories, but in his dedication to understanding the natural world through rigorous experimentation and observation. His impact on science and human understanding remains felt today, more than 300 years after his death.**艾萨克·牛顿:科学革命的天才**艾萨克·牛顿,一个与科学革命同名的名字,以其运动定律和万有引力定律彻底改变了物理学领域。
牛顿(Isaac Newton)英文简介
Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727)
Mathematician and physicist, one of the foremost scientific intellects of all time. Born at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham in Lincolnshire, where he attended school, he entered Cambridge University in 1661; he was elected a Fellow of Trinity College in 1667, and Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in 1669. He remained at the university, lecturing in most years, until 1696. Of these Cambridge years, in which Newton was at the height of his creative power, he singled out 1665-1666 (spent largely in Lincolnshire because of plague in Cambridge) as "the prime of my age for invention". During two to three years of intense mental effort he prepared Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) commonly known as the Principia, although this was not published until 1687.
六年级介绍著名人物牛顿的英语作文七句话
六年级介绍著名人物牛顿的英语作文七句话Isaac Newton was one of the most influential scientists in history His groundbreaking work in the fields of physics and mathematics laid the foundation for much of modern science Born in 1642 in Woolsthorpe Manor Lincolnshire England Newton grew up on a small farm and showed an early aptitude for learning as a child He was sent to attend the local grammar school where he excelled in his studies particularly in mathematics and scienceAfter completing his primary education Newton went on to attend Trinity College at the University of Cambridge in 1661 Here he was introduced to the work of prominent scholars like Galileo and Descartes and began to develop his own revolutionary theories and ideas During his time at Cambridge Newton made several crucial discoveries that would change the course of scientific history One of his most famous breakthroughs was his formulation of the three laws of motion which describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it These laws provided a comprehensive model for understanding the physical world and how objects move and interact with each otherIn addition to his groundbreaking work in mechanics Newton also made major contributions to the field of optics In 1666 he conducted experiments with prisms and discovered that white light is actually composed of a spectrum of different colored lights This discovery laid the foundation for our modern understanding of the nature of light and color Newton also developed a new type of reflecting telescope which used mirrors instead of lenses to gather and focus light This design was a significant improvement over earlier refracting telescopes and allowed for the creation of larger more powerful instrumentsPerhaps Newton's most famous achievement however was his development of the theory of universal gravitation In 1687 he published his seminal work "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" in which he outlined his comprehensive theory of how gravity governs the motion of celestial bodies This theory explained phenomena like the orbits of planets and moons the tides and the motion of comets and meteors Newton's work demonstrated that the same physical laws that govern motion on Earth also apply to the heavens above providing a unified model of the universeNewton's genius was not limited to the natural sciences he was also a gifted mathematician and made important contributions to the field of calculus In the 1660s he independently developed thefundamental principles of calculus including the concepts of limits derivatives and integrals Although his work was initially overshadowed by the contemporaneous developments of Gottfried Leibniz Newton's contributions to mathematics are now widely recognized as foundational to the modern disciplineDespite his extraordinary achievements Newton was not without his flaws and controversies Over the course of his life he engaged in numerous bitter feuds and rivalries with other prominent scientists of his era most notably with Leibniz over the invention of calculus Newton was also known to be reclusive and eccentric at times prone to bouts of depression and paranoia that may have been exacerbated by his intense focus on his workNevertheless Newton's legacy as one of the most brilliant and influential scientists in history is undeniable His groundbreaking discoveries in physics mathematics and optics transformed our understanding of the natural world and paved the way for countless subsequent advancements in science and technology Even centuries after his death Newton's work continues to be studied and celebrated by scholars and scientists around the world as a testament to the power of human ingenuity and the pursuit of knowledge。
介绍牛顿的英语作文
介绍牛顿的英语作文Sir Isaac Newton, a name synonymous with the laws that govern the universe, was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and author who significantly contributed to the scientific revolution of the 17th century. Born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, England, Newton's work laid the groundwork for classical mechanics, and his three laws of motion and law of universal gravitation continue to be cornerstones of physics.Newton's early life was marked by hardship; his father had passed away before he was born, and his mother remarried, leaving young Isaac in the care of his grandmother. Despite these challenges, he showed an aptitude for learning and was eventually sent to The King's School in Grantham, where his interest in science began to flourish.His academic journey continued at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied under the tutelage of some of the most prominent scholars of the time. It was here that Newton began to develop his theories on light and color, which he later published in his work, "Opticks." His most famous work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica," published in 1687, outlined the principles of calculus and his laws of motion, which describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and his law of universal gravitation, which explains the gravitational attraction between masses.Newton's contributions to mathematics were equally profound. He developed a method for series approximation, which is now known as the Newton-Raphson method, and he made significant advancements in the field of calculus, independently of German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.Beyond his scientific achievements, Newton held the position of Warden and later Master of the Royal Mint, where he was instrumental in the recoinage of England. He was also a member of the Parliament of England for a short period and was highly regarded in both scientific and political circles.Newton's life was not without controversy. His rivalry with Leibniz over the invention of calculus led to a bitter dispute that lasted for years. Additionally, Newton'sinterest in alchemy and his unorthodox religious views sometimes put him at odds with the mainstream scientific community.Sir Isaac Newton passed away on March 31, 1727, leaving behind a legacy that has shaped the world of science for centuries. His methods and theories have been fundamental in the development of physics, and his quest for understanding the natural world has inspired countless scientists to push the boundaries of human knowledge. Today, Newton is remembered not just for his scientific discoveries, but also for his relentless pursuit of truth and his indelible impact on the way we understand the universe.。
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In Optics
The publication of Optics, largely written by 1692, was delayed by Newton until the critics were dead. The book was still imperfect: the colors of diffraction defeated Newton. Nevertheless, Optics established itself, from about 1715, as a model of the interweaving of theory with quantitative experimentation .
In Philosophy
he laid the foundation of Newton's laws of motion and Newton's laws of universal gravitation. It is obvious that we all know the laws, however, as far as I am concerned, vitally crucial is his ways of unraveling problems. To sum up, the ways are as follows: Experiment, Theory and Application Analysis by Synthesis Induction and Deduction Physical and Math ways
But history is cruel, Newton’s philosophical thoughts has inevitable boundedness. He almost spent all his time proving the God’s existence in his late life. But then again, it was a wise man that never made a mistake, Newton's historical limitations and his historical achievements, move forward, is to enlighten the posterity of materials.
Telescope பைடு நூலகம்ewton used
In Mathematics
Newton made contributions to all branches of mathematics then studied, but is especially famous for his solutions to the contemporary problems in analytical geometry of drawing tangents to curves (differentiation) and defining areas bounded by curves (integration). Newton had the essence of the methods of fluxions by 1666. The first to become known, privately, to other mathematicians, in 1668, was his method of integration by infinite series. In Paris in 1675 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz independently evolved the first ideas of his differential calculus, outlined to Newton in 1677. Newton had already described some of his mathematical discoveries to Leibniz, not including his method of fluxions. In 1684 Leibniz published his first paper on calculus; a small group of mathematicians took up his ideas. A violent dispute sprang up, part public, part private, extended by Leibniz to attacks on Newton's theory of gravitation and his ideas about God and creation; it was not ended even by Leibniz's death in 1716. The dispute delayed the reception of Newtonian science on the Continent, and dissuaded British mathematicians from sharing the researches of Continental colleagues for a century. What a shame! In my opinion, it is meaningless to argue who firstly set up the theory on earth, the critical point is that they established the theory alone.
Newton’s Life And Chief Achievements
Life Introduction
Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), mathematician and physicist, one of the foremost scientific intellects of all time. Born at Woolsthorpe. During two to three years of intense mental effort he prepared Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy commonly known as the Principia, although this was not published until 1687. At the age of student, Newton had general gift as common people. However, he was into reading scientific books, especially mechanical books, and he often made some small but original things. From about 12 to 17 years old, Newton was king in middle school. On June 3, 1661, he entered the trinity college at Cambridge university. At that time, the college teaching is based on Aristotle's theory, but Newton prefer to read some modern philosophers such as Descartes, Copernicus and Galileo, and Kepler astronomers more advanced ideas. Newton’s politics career. With the improvement of scientific reputation, Newton's political status has improved, too. Seats in 1669 was awarded the lucasian professor of mathematics, in 1689, he was elected to congress. Newton in 1689 to 1690 and is a member of the Royal Academy of sciences, 1701, in 1703 became President of the royal society, and for 24 years, only in the former President, Joseph Banks, is also a member of the French academy of sciences.