动词过去式的特殊情况

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动词一般过去式的规则

1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:

work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:

stop ---stopped

不规则动词的过去式的构成

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:

begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:

drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote

3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:

draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:

get—got,forget—forgot

5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:

feed—fed,meet—met

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:

keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept

7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:

break—broke,speak—spoke

8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:

sell—sold,tell—told

9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:

stand—stood,understand—understood

10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:

bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:

can—could,shall—should,will—would

12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:

come—came,become—became

13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕

15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:

过去式“-ed”的发音规则

(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,

want →wanted (要)need →needed (需要)

(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音。

help →helped (帮助)laugh →laughed (笑)look →looked (看)

kiss →kissed (吻)wash →washed (洗)watch →watched (注视)

(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音。

call →called (叫)stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭

不规则动词的原形及过去式

原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式AA型

cost [kɒst] 花费cost [kɒst] cut[kʌt] 割cut[kʌt] hit[hit] 打hit [hiɪt] hurt [hɜːt] 伤害hurt [hɜːt] let [let] 让let [let] put [pʊt] 放put [pʊt] read [riːd] 读read [riːd]

AB型

原形过去式原形过去式become [bɪˈkʌm] 变成became[bɪ'keɪm] come [kʌm] 来came [keɪm] run [rʌn] 跑ran [ræn] diɡ [dɪɡ] 挖dug[dʌɡ]

ɡet [ɡet] 得到ɡot [ɡɒt] sit[sɪt] 坐sat[sæt]

win[win] 赢won[wʌn] meet[miːt]遇见met[met]

keep[kiːp] 保持kept[kept] sleep[sliːp] 睡slept[slept] sweep[swiːp] 扫swept[swept] feel[fiːl]感觉felt[felt]

leave[liːv]离开left[left] lend[lend]借出lent[lent]

send[send]传送sent[sent] spend[spend]花费spent[spent] lose[luːz]丢失lost[lɒst] mean[miːn]意思是meant[ment] catch[kætʃ]抓住caught[kɔːt] bring[brɪŋ]带来brought[brɔːt] fight[fait]战斗fought[fɔːt] buy[baɪ]买bought[bɔːt] think[θiŋk]想thought[θɔːt] hear[hiɪə]听heard[hɜːd] sell[sel]卖sold[səʊld] tell [tel]告诉told[təʊld] say[sei]说said[sed] find[faind]找到found [faʊnd] have/has有had [hæd]stand[stænd]站stood[stʊd] drink[driŋk]喝drank[dræŋk] ring[riŋ] 铃响rang[ræŋ] sing[siŋ]唱sang[sæŋ] swim[swim] 游泳swam [swæm] blow [bləʊ] 吹blew [bluː] draw[drɔː] 画drew[druː] teach[tiːtʃ] 教taught[tɔːt] fly[flai] 飞flew[fluː] grow[grəʊ]生长grew[ɡruː] know[nəʊ]知道knew[njuː] throw[θrəʊ]投掷threw[θruː] show[ʃəʊ]出示showed[ʃəʊd] choose[tʃuːz]选择chose[tʃəʊz] forget[fə'ɡet] 忘记forgot[fə'ɡɒt] speak[spiːk]说、讲spoke[spəʊk] wake[weɪk]醒woke[wəʊk] drive [draiv]驾驶drove[drəʊv] eat[iːt]吃ate[et]

fall[fɔːl]落下fell[fel] give[giv]给gave[ɡeiv] rise [raiz]升高rose[rəʊz] take[teɪk]取took[tʊk] ride[raid]骑rode[rəʊd] write[rait]写wrote[rəʊt] do[duː]做did[did] go[gəʊ]去went [went] lie [lai]平躲lay[lei] see[siː] 看见saw[sɔː] wear[weə] 穿wore[wɔː(r)] am\is 是was [wɒz] are [ɑː] 是were [wə(r)]

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