中英文资料

英文参考资料The enterprise information system is the enterprise information material base, enterprise information system construction good and the badness, regarding enhances the enterprise the economic efficiency to have the very important function. The establishment enterprise information system, carries on the management in enterprise's each level and each function domain to enterprise's management decision-making activity, is enhances the enterprise competitive ability the important way. The level each kind of enterprise information system construction, specially faces the supervisory work the management information information system construction, has become the enterprise information advancement the main part.The enterprise information system establishment mainly is in the management information system (MIS) in the foundation, uses the computer-aided design and makes (CAD/CAM), establishes the computer integration manufacture system (CIMS). In development decision-making support program (DSS) in the foundation, and controls through the man-machine dialogue action program, from material demand plan (MRP), manufacture resources plan (MRPII) and enterprise resources plan (ERP). Also has a volume of development, the production and the material object retails to a body punctual production (JIT), unceasingly eliminates the waste the fine production (LP), supplies in the chain management the fast response and the agile manufacture (AM), non- pollution clean production and green manufacture, as well as through network coordination design and production parallel project (CE) and so on. These information society new production methods merge into one organic whole the information technology revolution and the management progress, cause the enterprise to win in the aspects the competitive advantage, these information systems applications also cause the enterprise to produce, the business data, in the enterprise policy-maker three levels in the enterprise realize the information. Under introduced several kind of main enterprises information system management information system (Management Information System, MIS), is by the artificial leadership, using the computer hardware, software, the network corresponds these equipment and other office equipments carries on the information the collection, the transmission, the processing, the storage, the renewal and the maintenance achieved the enterprise strategy competes superior, enhances the benefit and the efficiency goal, supports the enterprise the high level decision-making, the intermediate deck control and the basic unit operation integration man-machine system. MIS is the superintendent provides the report, provides the enterprise the recent situation as well as the historic record. This system main localization is aims at in the enterprise, for management function and so on level plan, control and decision-making serves, generally provides the data by the lower level handling of traffic system. MIS will be able the actual enterprise's each kind of movement situation, and using the past historical data forecast future, embarks the assistance enterprise from the enterprise overall situation angle to carry on the decision-making, used the message control enterprise the behavior, helped the enterprise to achieve its plan goal. The present management information system is, "Antony which design and the deduction comes according to renowned" Antony the model "model" is the modern management information system founder. In 1965, Antony (Anthony) and so on the business management studied the expert through 15 years massive practices to the European and American system modelling enterprise to observe and to confirm, established the manufacturing industry management management service flow and its the information system skeleton theory, namely renowned "Antony model", this theory thought the management management service activity, namely the business management system mightdivide into the strategic plan, the tactical decision-making and the service decision-making 3 levels (1) the strategic plan level (Strategic Planning Layer, SPL): For the highest management level, is refers to such as the enterprise to organize the goal the hypothesis and the change, for realizes plan, the plan, the budget process and so on resources policy which this goal adopts. (2) tactic decision-making strata (Tactics Decision Layer, TDL): Also is called the management control level, for the middle management level, is for the realization business goal, enables the enterprise effectively to obtain and the use resources concrete application process. (3) handling of traffic level (Business Treatment Layer, BTL): Also is called the operating control level, for the lower level management level, is for determined some specific service can the entire process which effectively, highly effective carries out. Antony the management information system definition will be: "can nimbly utilize the information technology, in the systematized transmission, the memory, the exchange enterprise the exterior information, thus forms either support enterprise's management or service system". Along with the time progress, the information technology and the management science development, the business management information system function already foundation unceasingly performed in "Antony in the model" to expand and the consummation, at this point has developed for the 5th generation based on the electronic accounting machine network technology and the electronic commerce technology modern management information system. The management information can support the strategic plan level, the management control level, the operation control level three levels. These three levels are the enterprise are high, center, the low three levels administrative personnel, it has reflected regarding the enterprise in the marketing function, the manufacture function, the information service function, human resources management function each level the and so on management function, financial control function comprehensive support. The management information system is based on the information technology the challenge, the organization and the management explanation which proposed to the environment. The administrative personnel wants to face the objective environment regarding enterprise's challenge, first in under the management information technology support, must have a management information system. The management information system utilized has been advanced, the management, the information processing technology aims at the environment the challenge, it actually was along with the information technology unceasingly front then advance, changed the management information along with the environment unceasing diastrophism to be able to support the strategic plan level, the management control level, the operation control level three levels. Each level regarding management information specific request including following several aspects: (1) the information origin is different. Management, namely strategic plan level administrative personnel, not only needs the enterprise interior the information, moreover must know the external environment the information. Because must formulate the enterprise developmental strategy plan, must understand the competitor the information, the partner information, government all policies, the laws and regulations change information. But the enterprise interior operation level personnel needs the information originates mainly is the internal information. (2) the information comprehensive degree is different. High level administrative personnel comprehensive nature high, each aspect requests the information content is big. But regarding the concrete operation control personnel, only is responsible for the partial management the concrete work, the request information synthesis degree very is low. (3) the information processing method is different. Because the high level personnel involves the policy-making question many and varied, the different question needs the different processing method process information, therefore regarding the strategic plan level said the processing the method is indefinite. But said regarding the operation control level personnel that, the processing method is definite. For instance, keeps in stock the stock information which the personnel processes nothing but is: How many goodsinside the storehouse has received? How much materials sent out? How much materials has received? Then carries on correspondingly counts splits out the report form, these all are the extremely fixed processing methods. Information provides which to the different administrative personnel, whether is suitable for the different administrative personnel's need, this is a question which the management information system design needs to solve. Therefore should aim at differently needs to process the different information content, uses the different processing method to satisfy each level the request. The management information system (M I S) not only supports the underlying bed administrative personnel, moreover may support the intermediate deck personnel's management control, for high level also can provide certain information. The management information system constitutes by four parts: Information source, information processor, information user and information superintendent. The information source is the information production place; Information processor burden duty and so on information transmission, processing, preservation; The information user is the information user, carries on the decision-making using the information; The information superintendent is responsible for the information system the design, the realization and the maintenance. The management information system is generally regarded as a pyramid shape the structure, divides into from the first floor handling of traffic to the operating control, the management control, the topmost story strategic planning. The most basic unit greatly processes the numerous and diverse business information and the condition information constitution by the duty. The level more upward, business processes the scope is smaller, in view of also is quite special and the non- structure question. A organization's management information system decomposable is four major components: 1st, EDPS are partial, mainly completes the data the collection, the input, the database management, the inquiry, the fundamental operation, the daily report form output and so on. 2nd, the analysis part, mainly above the EDPS foundation, the logarithm according to carries on the deep processing, like utilizes each kind of management model, the quantitative analysis method, the sequenced method, the operations research method and so on carries on the analysis to organization's production operating condition. 3rd, the decision-making are partial, the MIS policy-making model is restricted in solves the structure management decision-making problem primarily, its policy-making result must provide a best policy-making plan for the high level superintendent. 4th, database partial, mainly completes function and so on data file storage, organization, backup, the database is the management information system core are partial. In addition, a organization's management information system may act according to manages the function the different division for the longitudinal subsystem. The main subsystem includes: 1st, stock management subsystem, function including to stock control, stock account management, ordering plan formulation and warehouse own management and so on. 2nd, production management subsystem, function including material demand plan formulation, productive plan arrangement, production scheduling and daily production data management analysis and so on. 3rd, the personnel management subsystem, the function including personnel's records management, the personnel checks attendance the situation management, the personnel each kind of insurance fund management and the personnel trains the plan the system to grade. 4th, the financial control subsystem, the function including a financial account item management, the production cost of operation management, the financial condition analysis and the financial plan system grades. 5th, sales management subsystem, function including sales plan formulation, sales condition analysis, customer information management and sales contract management and so on. 6th, the policy-making support subsystem, the function manages strategic including the enterprise the formulation, the enterprise resources assignment and so on. The system function subsystem division different has the difference because of enterprise's production management characteristic, the above six functions subsystems common enterprise all has, moreover the above each sub- system may carry on a thinner levelthe division, here we no longer give the detailed explanation. The management information system assistance completes the enterprise daily structure information processing task, generally thought MIS the primary mission has the following several aspects: 1st, carries on the strict management to the foundation data, the request measurement tool standardization, the procedure and the method correct use, causes the information circulation channel to be smooth. Some point must be clear about when goes in is a trash, comes out also is trash ", must guarantee the information the accuracy, the uniformity. 2nd, determination information processing process standardization, unified data and report form standard form, in order to establishes a centralism unified database. 3rd, highly effective feeble-mindedly completes the daily business to process the service, the optimization assigns each kind of resources, including manpower, physical resource, financial resource and so on. 4th, the full use had the resources, including present and the historical data message and so on, utilizes each kind of management model, the logarithm according to carries on processing processing, supports the management and the policy-making work, in order to realization organization goal.企业信息系统是企业信息化的物质基础，企业信息系统建设的好与坏，对于提高企业的经济效益有至关重要的作用。