再进一步代谢生成尿酸嘌呤核苷酸的生物合成

lipid synthesis
柠檬酸将乙酰CoA从mt运到胞液
Acetyl-CoA transfer into mitochondrion by citrate pyruvate cycle(柠檬酸丙酮酸 循环) from cytosol
catabolism
①dehydration ②the first deoxidize ③dehydration ④the second deoxidize Make1mol软脂酸-ACP has 7 turns
E
SH S
O C CH CH CH3
ACP
ACP
S
COCH3
ACP
HO H
脱水
启动
1a
E
HSCoA
乙酰CoA-ACP转酰基酶 CH3COSCoA
装载
HOOCCH2CO-SCoA 丙二酰CoA-ACP转酰基酶 CoASH
5
E SH S O C CH2 OH CH CH3
SH SH
2
E S
ACP
COCH3 S COCH2COOH
ACP
ACP
加氢
缩合
E SH S O C CH2 O C CH3
3
β-酮脂酰-ACP合酶 CO2
NADP+
4
NADPH+H+
ACP
AA metabolism(氨基酸代谢)
RCOCOOH+NH3
来自百度文库
RCH-COOH
NH2
RCH2NH2+CO2
（一）deamination(脱氨基作用)
(二) transamination（转氨基作用） （三）combined deamination(联合脱氨)
2
C H 2C O O H CHCOOH C H (O H )C O O H + N A D (P ) + N A D (P )H + H
G TP G DP+Pi CO~SCoA NADH + H + N AD +
(4)
C oASH
(7)
H
2
C H 2C O O H C H 2C O O H CH
2
(1.5ATP)
(2.5ATP)
(TCA cycle: 10ATP)
1. Ketone bodies(酮体)
丙酮
乙酰乙酸
β-羟丁酸
O H3C C SCoA + H3C
O C SCoA
acetyl-CoA
HSCoA
Thiolase
O O H2 C C
acetyl-CoA
O H3C C
H3C SCoA
B. The transfer of enoyl-CoA
2、饱和脂肪酸的β－氧化 （在mt和乙醛酸体中进行） β －氧化：FA活化生成脂酰CoA进入线粒体基质 后，在脂酰基的β 碳原子上依次进 行脱氢， 加水，再脱氢，硫解， 四步反应，生成一分子乙酰CoA和 脂酰CoA（比原来少2个C）的过程。
总反应:8乙酰-S-CoA + 14NADPH + 14H+ + 7ATP 软脂酸+ 8HSCOA + 14NADP+ + 7ADP + 7Pi +6H2O
NADP+
烯脂酰-ACP还原酶
E
SH S
O C CH2 CH2 CH3
ACP
NADPH+H+
6
转酰基酶
加氢
E SH
1b
E S COCH3 SH
C
SCoA
acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA HSCoA
O

HMG-CoA Synthase
OH O H2 C C SCoA
O
C
H2 C
C CH3
HMG-CoA
O
HMG-CoA Lyase
O

O H2 C C CH3 + H3C
O
C
C
SCoA
acetoacetate
acetyl-CoA
磷 酸 丙 糖
CO2+H2O
carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism connect
by 磷酸二羟丙酮。
Metabolism in liver.
- -
- -
- -
磷酸酯酶
异 构 酶
葡萄糖 CH3 C=O COOH
糖异生
TCA
EMP
乙酰COA
CHO CHOH CH2O-P
- -
- -
The oxidation of the fatty acid
activation of Fatty Acid out of mt
enoyl -CoA
acetyl-CoA
β-oxidation in mt
TCA
CO2、H2O、ATP
A. The activation of the fatty acid(活化)
2
乙酰 CoA
COOH COOH
COOH COOH
N ADH+H N A D+
+
H2O
(2)
C H 2C O O H C (O H )C O O H C H 2C O O H
延胡索酸
(9) HO 2 HC COOH
C H COOH
CoASH
(3)
(8) 琥珀酸
H 2C C H
2
FADH FAD COOH COOH
CHCOOH
O
CH
(5)
COCOOH
2
琥珀酰 CoA
CH
2
(6)
CO
2
COCOOH CO C oASH
草酰琥珀酸
2
COOH
α-酮戊二酸
β-oxidation
RCH2CH2COOH RCH2CH2CO～SCOA
（脂酰COA） 脂酰COA脱H酶（3种）
H RC=CCO～SCOA H （△2反式烯脂酰COA）
oxidation
Hydrate (水合)
dehydrogen
(脱Ｈ)
硫解
Citric acid cycle
丙
H 3C NAD +
CO
COOH CoASH
NADH + H
+
(1)
CO
2
草酰乙酸
(10) L-苹果酸
H HOC C H
2
C H 3C O ~ S C o A OC C H
生物技术一班 游琼英 20052503420
Lipid metabolism (脂代谢)
AA metabolism(氨基酸代谢) Nucleotide anabolism and catabolism (核苷酸代谢)
Fatty acid anabolism(分解)
CH2OH ATP ADP+Pi HCOH 甘油激酶 CH2OH CH2OH NAD+ NADH +H+ HCOH 磷酸甘油脱氢酶 CH2O-P CH2OH C=O CH2O-P
-
-
继续β-氧化
O OH （L-β- 羟脂酰COA） O
-
R-C～SCOA+ CH3-C～SCOA
= =
RCH-CH2CO～SCOA
RC-CH2CO～SCOA
The energy product by the fatty acid β-oxidation
activation：-2ATP one turn of β-oxidation： 1FADH2， 1NADH， 1acetyl-CoA