阅读理解之概括推理

阅读理解之概括推理

概括推理是阅读理解中较难的一种题型，要求考生针对阅读材料中提供的局部事实如某几句话或整个段落，

乃至整篇文章的信息作归纳概括以推断出正确的答案。

例：(2017年全国卷ⅡD篇)...

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There is a whole lot going on.

Q：What can we infer from the last paragraph?

答案：C

A.The world is changing faster than ever.

B.People have stronger senses than before.

C.The world is more complex than it seems.

D.People in Darwin's time were more imaginative.

解析：最后一段意为：达尔文早在150多年前就曾想到这个世界要比我们所看到的，听到的更加繁忙，更加吵闹，也更加亲密，我们的感官还不够强大，很多东西都未感知到。比较级（far busier,noisier and more intimate）可以概括推理出复杂;而we can see and hear则推理出it seems 因为只有事物表现出来我们才能听见或看见.

例：(2017全国卷ⅢB篇) ...

The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled

with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. ...

Q：What can we infer about the audience?

答案：B

A.They are disappointed with Bradford.

B.They are sad to part with the old theater.

C.They are supportive of the city officials.

D.They are eager to have a shopping center.

解析：由“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting

to say good-bye to the old building”可知，与这家老电影院分离，观众非常伤心。答案B选项中用上位的词sad和part with分别来代下位的词teary-eyed和say

good-bye.

例: More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. ... This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year,...

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. ...

Q: What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A.It is flexible in length

B.It is a time for relaxation.

C.It is increasingly popular.

D.It is required by universities.答案：C

解析：根据文章第一，第二，第三段的首句可知，越来越多的学生在被大学录取后不去直接上大学，而是选择经历一个间隔年。由此可看成间隔年越来越受学生们的欢迎。C选项就是对这三段的概括后推断出来的。

例：You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.