汉英翻译中的增补与省略42页PPT
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英汉翻译之省略法PPT课件
• English from its very nature is generally not so brief as Chinese. The Chinese version ought to be shorter than the English version, otherwise there must be something wrong with the translation, or something implied in the original text which needs to be amplified in the Chinese versions. A necessary and indispensable word in English may be useless, superfluous, and even a stumbling block in Chinese. The English article illustrates this paradox. How important it is in English, but Chinese has no such part of speech. So many important words in English may well be omitted in Chinese, while other words omitted or understood in English may be supplied or repeated. Keep in mind Shakespeare’s maxim: Brevity is
分秒必争。 • There is no telling what will
happen. 未来的事无可奉告。 • There are friends and friends. 朋友有好的，也有坏的。
分秒必争。 • There is no telling what will
happen. 未来的事无可奉告。 • There are friends and friends. 朋友有好的，也有坏的。
4-增词法和省略法.ppt.Convertor
英汉翻译中的增词与减词1、增补词语Amplification英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不同，翻译时不仅可以将词类转译，又可以在词量上进行增减。
按照英语的表达方式，有些词是有其意而无其形的，这种情况在译成汉语时就要增补一些词语，使之符合汉语的表达方式，从而更加通顺地表达原文的思想内容。
当然这种增补不能无中生有，凭空杜撰，而要有一定的根据。
Studies serve for delight, for ornament and, for ability.1.读书服务于乐趣，服务于文采，服务于才干。
2. 读书可以使人从中获得乐趣，可以给人添加文采，可以使人增加才干。
3. 读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。
（王佐良）(1) 增补潜在词I began the book yesterday. 昨天我开始读（写）这本书。
The new American Secretary of State has proposed a world conference on food supplies. 美国新任国务卿建议（召开）世界食品资源问题会议。
(2) 增补省略的词1. What an idea?2. What a day!3. “I will make a man of him.”“我要把他培养成一个堂堂的男子汉。
4. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确。
5. Such is war: to the victor, the spoils; to the defeated, the costs.战争就是如此：胜利者获得战利品，战败者遭受损失。
(3) 不及物动词增补宾语1. He never drinks before driving. 他开车前从不喝酒。
2. Before liberation, his mother lived on washing. 解放前，他妈妈靠洗衣为生。
2023届高考英语英语翻译技巧省略法课件(共11张PPT).ppt
2. 省略表示范畴的词语 Eg.1) 在党的领导下，中国人民已经完成了解放事业。
Under the leadership of the Party, the Chinese people have succeeded in their liberation.
2)她的朋友们听说她家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出了援助 之手。
What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one, it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one’s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life.
Wherever they went, the bandit troops massacred and raped, burned and looted, and stopped at nothing.
请将下面一段话译成英语
一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？ 提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人 对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等 的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估 计了。
5)Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.
上大学的上大学， 下乡的下乡。
英汉翻译第6章(増译和减译)PPT教学课件
❖ 晚上，在参加宴会，出席音乐会，观看乒乓 球表演之后，他还要起草最后公报。
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❖ （二）增加形容词
❖ The plane twisted under me, trailing flame and smoke.
❖ （敌人的）飞机在下面螺旋下降，拖着浓烟烈焰掉 了下去。
❖ With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism.
impartial judge in Chinese history）. ❖ 对毕业生采取双向选择制度。
❖ The two-way choice system can be adopted for college graduates, which means that graduates could choose employers and employers could choose graduates.
❖ 三个臭皮匠，顶一个诸葛亮
❖ Three cobblers with their wits combined equal to Zhu Geliang the master mind
❖ 班门弄斧
❖ Show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.
❖ First you borrow, then you beg. ❖ 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。
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❖ 2. 在形容词前增加名词
❖ He is a complicated man – moody mercurial, with a melancholy streak.
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❖ （二）增加形容词
❖ The plane twisted under me, trailing flame and smoke.
❖ （敌人的）飞机在下面螺旋下降，拖着浓烟烈焰掉 了下去。
❖ With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism.
impartial judge in Chinese history）. ❖ 对毕业生采取双向选择制度。
❖ The two-way choice system can be adopted for college graduates, which means that graduates could choose employers and employers could choose graduates.
❖ 三个臭皮匠，顶一个诸葛亮
❖ Three cobblers with their wits combined equal to Zhu Geliang the master mind
❖ 班门弄斧
❖ Show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.
❖ First you borrow, then you beg. ❖ 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。
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❖ 2. 在形容词前增加名词
❖ He is a complicated man – moody mercurial, with a melancholy streak.
汉英翻译2省译及增词和删减共41页文档
❖ 4. 公共场所禁止吸烟。 ❖ Smoking is prohibited in public place. ❖ 五、增补连词 ❖ 1. 我帮助他，他帮助我。 ❖ I help him and he helps me. ❖ 2. 你不去，我也不去。 ❖ I won’t go if you are not going.
❖ On the river itself, gaily decorated dragonshaped boats are displaying their individual charms to their hearts’ content. One boat wags its head and tail; another spits fire and sprays water.
❖ 4. 王子犯罚，与庶民同罪。
❖ When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punished.
八、文化增补
❖ 1. 三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 ❖ Three cobblers with their wits combined would
❖ 所谓增词译法，就是在原文的基础上添加 必要的单词、词组，分句或完整句，从而使 得译文在语法、语言形式上符合译文习惯和 在文化背景、词语联想方面与原文一致起来， 使得译文与原文在内容、形式和精神方面都 对等起来。
语法增补
❖ 一.增补冠词 ❖ 1. 他在那个大学里任英语教员。 ❖ He worked as an English teacher in that
❖ Increase the awareness about self-reliance, competition, efficiency and democracy and the rule of law, as well as the pioneering and innovation spirit.
第二讲增词法和省略法PPT课件
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Ⅰ. Amplification in English-Chinese
Translation增词法在汉英翻译中的运用
搭配性增词
增词法
结构性增词
解释性增词
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搭配性增词
定义
搭配性增词的产生是因为英语和汉语词类不对称所致。如 汉语中存在的量词、助词和语气词等是英语中没有的，在 翻译过程中要根据情况添加。这类增词不影响内容，主要 考虑搭配习惯，故称为搭配性增词。
• Something about music and a coffee break in the afternoon. • 像放背景音乐啦，下午安排工间喝咖啡休息时间什么的。
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3） Supplying Words of Generalization 增加概括词
• Sino-British links have multiplied—— political, commercial, educational, cultural, defense, science and technology.
• 中英两国在政治、商务、教育、文化、国防和科技等领域的 交往成倍地增加。
• The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
• 论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭三方面的成就。 • The principal functions that may be performed by vacuum
一棵树
• a flower 一朵花
翻译技巧之增补与省略 ppt课件
• To wash before going to bed 睡前洗脚
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②Before the adjectives
• This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是物美价廉。
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③After the abstract nouns
• Tense 紧张
tension 紧张局势
• arrogant 自满
arrogance 自满情绪
• mad 疯狂
madness 疯狂行为
• antagonistic 敌对 antagonism 敌对态度
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• After all preparations were made, the plane took off.
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(3) 省略表示时间的连接词
• John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他 想起了病中的母亲。
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4) 省略冠词
这些发展中国家，地大物博，人口众多。
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• There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
天未下雪,但叶落草枯。
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• University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。
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②Before the adjectives
• This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是物美价廉。
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③After the abstract nouns
• Tense 紧张
tension 紧张局势
• arrogant 自满
arrogance 自满情绪
• mad 疯狂
madness 疯狂行为
• antagonistic 敌对 antagonism 敌对态度
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• After all preparations were made, the plane took off.
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(3) 省略表示时间的连接词
• John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他 想起了病中的母亲。
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4) 省略冠词
这些发展中国家，地大物博，人口众多。
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• There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
天未下雪,但叶落草枯。
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• University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。
翻译技巧之增补与省略 ppt课件
这些发展中国家，地大物博，人口众多。
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• There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.
• A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。
• The horse is a useful animal. 马是有益的动物。
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5) 省略前置词
(1)省略表示时间的前置词
• The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。
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(3) 省略表示时间的连接词
• John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother. 火车停了，约翰郁郁地站了起来，因为他 想起了病中的母亲。
பைடு நூலகம்
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4) 省略冠词
raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 • He glanced at his watch; it was 7:15. 他一看表，是七点一刻了。
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(2) 强势用it
• It was only then that I began to have doubts whether my story would ever be told. 只是在这个时候，我才开始怀疑，我的经 历究竟能不能公诸于众呢！
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高级英汉翻译之省译法ppt课件
They went to dinner. It was excellent, and the wine was good. Its influence presently had its effect on them. They talked not only without acrimony（敌意， 仇视），but even with friendliness. 他们进入餐室用餐。 美酒佳肴，顿受感染 ，言谈 间不但没有恶言恶语，甚至还充满友好之情。
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Practice: Chinese wood oil a good (bad) sailor a goodman dry (wet) nurse bowel movements turn the tables a matter of great imporce be out with sb. to sit above (below) the salt worth one's salt to sleep late doesn't hold water
dead men
冗员
the outer man
人的外表
the inner man
人的灵魂
the odd man
投决定性一票的13人
省略法在汉英翻译中的运用
2、Omitting Words of Conceptual Category 这些都是人民内部矛盾问题。
All these are contradictions among the people. 她的朋友们听到她家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助
之手。
After her friends heard about her family difficulties, they offered her a helping hand. 3、Omitting Meticulous Description 花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不了的的大米白面， 穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。
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Practice: Chinese wood oil a good (bad) sailor a goodman dry (wet) nurse bowel movements turn the tables a matter of great imporce be out with sb. to sit above (below) the salt worth one's salt to sleep late doesn't hold water
dead men
冗员
the outer man
人的外表
the inner man
人的灵魂
the odd man
投决定性一票的13人
省略法在汉英翻译中的运用
2、Omitting Words of Conceptual Category 这些都是人民内部矛盾问题。
All these are contradictions among the people. 她的朋友们听到她家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助
之手。
After her friends heard about her family difficulties, they offered her a helping hand. 3、Omitting Meticulous Description 花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不了的的大米白面， 穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。
英汉翻译-5 增补与省略ppt课件
张鹏增补不省略增补不省略5151增补译法增补译法511511译形容词时增加程度副词译形容词时增加程度副词512512译抽象名词时增加具体名词译抽象名词时增加具体名词513513译抽象名词时增加另一个抽象名词译抽象名词时增加另一个抽象名词514514译名词复数时增加表示门类数量概念的词译名词复数时增加表示门类数量概念的词515515补译省略部分补译省略部分516516补译替代部分补译替代部分517517补译解释说明补译解释说明518518根据语气增词根据语气增词519519根据语境增词根据语境增词51105110根据逡辑修辞增词根据逡辑修辞增词5252省略译法省略译法521521冠词的省译冠词的省译522522代词的省译代词的省译523523524524短语戒句子的省译短语戒句子的省译增补译法翻译时需要在字面上作一些增补调整增加一些原文中所没有的但一定要在语言结构上语义上修辞上是必需的不可缺少的词词组甚至句子
整理版课件
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例4：Water evaporates(蒸发) more rapidly when the temperature is higher than when it is low.
【译文】温度高，水蒸发得快；温度低，水蒸发得慢。
例5：Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it.
【译文】时间被当作几乎实实在在的东西对待。我们安排时间 、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时 间、解释时间是怎么用的；我们还要因为花了时间而埋 单。
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例4：Water evaporates(蒸发) more rapidly when the temperature is higher than when it is low.
【译文】温度高，水蒸发得快；温度低，水蒸发得慢。
例5：Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it.
【译文】时间被当作几乎实实在在的东西对待。我们安排时间 、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时 间、解释时间是怎么用的；我们还要因为花了时间而埋 单。
汉译英增词和减词PPT课件
• 1．大作收到，十分高兴。 • I am very glad to have received your writing. • 2．没有调查就没有发言权。 • He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. • 3．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 • After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words.
•教学目的要求：在汉译英中能熟练使用增词 法和减词法的翻译技巧。 •教学重点：增词法和减词法（代词和连词） •教学难点：汉语排比句的翻译，使用减词法。
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• 一、为了保证语法结构的完整：
• 代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名 词前都没有代词，需要增补。
•1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 •Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. •2． 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 •So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.
We must make a comprehensive analysis of problem before it can be
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• 二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。
• 文中暗含的意思：
•1．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。 •Everyone knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard. •2．要提倡顾全大局。 •We should advocate the spirit
•教学目的要求：在汉译英中能熟练使用增词 法和减词法的翻译技巧。 •教学重点：增词法和减词法（代词和连词） •教学难点：汉语排比句的翻译，使用减词法。
第1页/共23页
• 一、为了保证语法结构的完整：
• 代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名 词前都没有代词，需要增补。
•1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 •Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. •2． 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 •So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.
We must make a comprehensive analysis of problem before it can be
第8页/共23页
• 二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。
• 文中暗含的意思：
•1．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。 •Everyone knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard. •2．要提倡顾全大局。 •We should advocate the spirit
英汉翻译-5-增补与省略
静止→静止状态 混乱→混乱局面 测量→测量方法 净化→净化过程 重复→重复现象 管理→管理方式 计算→计算方法 住宿→住宿问题 连接→连接部分 准备→准备工作 补救→补救措施 修改→修改方案
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5. 1. 3 译抽象名词时增加另一个抽象名词
在抽象名词后面跟上另一个抽象名词来加强语 气，强调说明前一个名词，两个名词互相解释。
【译文】如果不懂制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造 出船舶，盖好房子或者生产出机床。
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课堂互动2： 翻译句子，注意补译替代部分使句意完整
1．—Did you enjoy your time in Nanjing？ —Yes, I did.
【译文】——你在南京过得愉快吗？ ——是的，我过得很愉快。
例3： suitable warm lovely witty disgusting satisfied
适应→比较适应 热情→非常热情 可爱→十分可爱 高明→实在高明 讨厌→真是讨厌 满意→相当满意
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5. 1. 2 译抽象名词时增加具体名词
在抽象名词后常增加上另一个名词来说 明这个抽象名词，如“状态、状况、情 况、工作、过程、作用、现象、情绪、 方式、方法、技巧、问题、部分、原因 、化、方案、系统、部门……”等，但 要视情况而定。
constant(持久不变的) in amount, while
others are not. 【译文】空气中有些气体的含量相当稳定，may apply in person or by letter.
【译文】你可以本人亲自去申请，也可以寄信去申请。
4．Some go only for one year, many for two, but never longer, unless the ship which is to bring them out cannot reach their base.