基础英语翻译,转换
英汉翻译之转换法
经典译例:
All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests. 从边境乘火车直上北京,一路上极目四望,但见 一片片农作物茁壮成长,仿佛绿色的地毯覆盖 着整个田间乡野,到处是丰收在望的景象。
His wife had done everything possible to mother him. 妻子竭尽全力,像母亲一样照顾他。 The novel satirizes the marriage of convenience. 这部小说是对建立在利害关系基础上的婚姻的 讽刺。 With unemployment high, the dollar low and the stock market in distress, the economy will be the President’s sternest trial. 失业增多,美元贬值,股票市场不景气,经济 问题将成为总统面临的最严峻的考验。
由于汉语较少使用被动句形式,因此按照汉语 表达习惯,英语被动句往往译成含“被动意 义”的主动句形式,即不使用表示被动意义 的词和结构。
The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”. 美国历来以“民族熔炉”著称。 Almost every kind of climates can be found, but the continent lies mostly in the temperate zone. The board decides how school funds are to be allocated, and has some voice in establishing the curriculum. While some subjects are required of everyone, some high school students, in addition, take vocational classes. The Master of Arts degree occasionally may be obtained after one year of additional specialized study.
英语基础翻译经典译例35710
第三章英汉语言对比1.Its gleaming闪烁的sands and backdrop背景of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere. (动静结合)【译文】这儿沙滩闪烁,松林掩映,远山连绵,自有一种心旷神怡的气氛。
2.On several occasions I watched him paint fluffy毛绒绒的little chicks and vivid cormorants with their heads in clear green water. (化零为整)【译文】我曾多次见他画小鸡,毛茸茸,很可爱;也见过他画的鱼鹰,水是绿的,钻进水里的,很生动。
(化整为零)3.If you confer(授予,赋予) a benefit,never remember it;If you receive one,remember it always.(形合,直译)【译文】施恩勿记,受恩勿忘。
4.Slowly climbs the summer moon.(句型结构转换)【译文】夏天的月亮慢慢地爬上来了。
5.Heat is constantly produced by the body as a result of muscular肌肉的and cellular细胞的activity. (被动变主动)【译文】由于肌肉和细胞活动的结果,身体不断地产生热。
6.In future conflicts, similar logistical后勤方面的problems are likely to be repeated.(被动变主动)【译文】在未来的冲突中,类似的后勤问题大概还会重复出现。
7.That girl student is in the green.(英语词汇含义多——内涵意义)【译文】那个女生正值青春年少8.Science is a servant of mankind.(英语词汇含义多)【译文】科学造福于人类。
基础英语3课文翻译
BOOK 3 课文翻译(Unit 1-9) (2009-9-6 12:15:18)Unit 1我的父亲——一位著名男演员的女儿讲述的故事埃米。
米特福德我并不真正了解父亲,他不是个很容易相处的人。
我觉得他比较以自我为中心,还宵一点儿虚荣.在某些方面还会让人觉得有距离感。
公众肯定都认为他很随和,其实在家的时候他基本上都是独处,不怎么跟我们交流。
我小的时候父亲火溉很少在家,因为我几乎没有什么关于他的记忆。
他对家庭生洒.直是有一些生疏。
对他来说,工作总是放在第一位,而且他总是在外地演戏或是排练。
他喜欢别人找他签名,也喜欢被别人认出的感觉。
他获得过几个奖项,并为此感到非常骄傲。
他成为一名大英帝国荣誉公民,我们必须到白金汉宫去领取勋章。
那真是令人难以置信的乏味。
还何其他数百人获得同样的荣誉,所以你得一直坐在那里等好几个小时。
每当有人来拜访我们家时,父亲总爱把他的奖品拿出来炫耀。
我上过私立寄宿学校,但是因为对学习毫无兴趣并且总是缺课,被勒令退学了。
我本来就不想去那儿上学,因此,我就和我所有的朋友们分开了。
把我送到那个学校读书他一一定很高兴,但事实上,到最后这一切只是浪费金钱而已。
我想我让他感到非常失望。
后来我也试着做过儿份工作;但是都不能安心长久地做下去。
然后,我意识到我真正想做的是生活在乡村照料牲畜,所以,我现在就做这个。
作为一家人,无论是情感上还是空间上我们都不那么亲密。
这些日子我们彼此很少见面。
我和父亲就像石膏和奶酪’一样完全不同。
我的兴趣一直都在乡村,而他则喜欢书本和音乐,尤其是歌剧,这恰恰是我所讨厌的。
如果他们来看我们,他们的衣着也完全不适合在乡村穿——貂皮大衣和漂亮的但不适合在田间走长路的小皮鞋。
父亲对我结婚更是完全反对。
他一直希望我和我的丈夫分开。
查拉德太卑微了,我想。
而父亲一定是怨让我嫁给一个有名望的人,但我没有。
事情就是这样。
我们夫妇俩并不打算要孩子,但是我的父亲总是不停地谈论着他想抱孙子。
新编英语教程(基础英语)第三版第四册课文翻译Book 4 Unit 6珍珠_英中对照
Unit Six第六单元Text I正文一Pre-Reading Questions预读问题Think about the following questions before you read the text.在你阅读课文之前,想一想下面的问题。
1.How do people usually think of pearl?As an ordinary piece of jewellery?A thing of great value?A useless ornament?Give reasons for your answer.1.人们通常如何看待珍珠?作为一件普通的珠宝?一件很有价值的东西?无用的装饰品?给出你回答的理由。
2.What might happen if a very poor person came into possession of a very large pearl of great value?Think of two or three possibilities.2.如果一个非常贫穷的人拥有了一颗非常大的价值连城的珍珠,会发生什么呢?想想两三种可能性。
For your reference供您参考(They are open questions.Let the students air their views freely and exercise their imagination.)(它们是开放的问题。
让学生自由发表意见,锻炼想象力。
)The Main Idea主要观点Much of the language of the text is metaphorical, and that makes it difficult for you to understandthe meaning of the passage quickly.But it is far from incomprehensible.Go over the text once, nottoo rapidly, and see how much you understand at first reading.这篇文章的大部分语言是隐喻性的,这使得你很难快速理解文章的意思。
基础英语3 UNIT 1-14 课后中译英,短文翻译及完形答案
1.It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.2. He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.3. Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4. He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5. We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.6. After the thunderous applause died down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.7. He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.8. I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideas.我上大学的最初几天是难以忘怀的。
当父亲驾车离开,将我独自留在校园里的时候,我不知道该做什么了。
不管我如何极力拿出一副成熟的样子,我就是摆脱不了一个一年级新生的感觉。
我花了好几个小时,搞清了我的寝室和我要上课的各个教室。
第二天早上,我坐在教室的前排,打开《美国文学选集》,用一种热情的态度准备上课。
但是,当老师说“欢迎来听生物课”时,我意识到自己坐错了教室。
大学基础英语教程翻译 (1)
Unit 9Lesson 11. 教师们需要利用新技术来改变教学方法。
(technology)Teachers need to change the way they teach by using new technology.2. 他认为玩网络游戏太多会使孩子们不能专心学习。
(concentrate)He believes that playing online games too much makes children unable to concentrate on their study.3. 许多成年人都请孩子们教他们使用电子产品。
(electronic gadget)A lot of grownups ask children to teach them to use electronic gadgets.4. 她担心病毒会损坏计算机里的信息。
(be worried about)She is worried about viruses which will damage the information in the computer.5. 麦克有一部内置MP4播放器的手机。
(built-in)Mike has a mobile phone with a built-in MP4 player.Lesson 21. 如果我真的把手机落在家里了, 就会回去取了。
(leave)If I left my mobile phone at home, I would go back for it.2. 他要是真的了解情况, 他就告诉我了。
(let me know)If he knew about it, he would let me know.3. 我要不是受了伤, 就去观看运动会了。
(the sports meet)If I were not injured, I would go to watch the sports meet.4. 我如果不是很忙, 就会用数码相机拍些照片了。
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷17
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷17(总分:12.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数:6,分数:12.00)1.汉译英(分数:2.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析:2.大陆和台湾同属一个中国。
中国是两岸同胞的中国,是两岸同胞的共同家园。
任何制造所谓“台湾独立”、“两个中国”、“一中一台”的分裂图谋和行为,均为两岸同胞所反对。
两岸“三通”,是两岸同胞共同利益之所在,也是两岸交往不断扩大的必然要求,不应受到任何人为因素和政治因素的阻碍。
我们希望尽快实现两岸全面“三通”,以开创两岸经济合作新局面,造福于两岸同胞。
(分数:2.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:Both the mainland and Taiwan belong to one China. China is the common homeland of compatriots on both sides of the Straits. Any separatist attempt and action aimed at cooking up " Taiwan independence ," "two Chinas," and "one China, one Taiwan" will be opposed by people on both sides of the Straits. The "three direct links" accords with the common interests of the people across the Straits. It is the inevitable requirement of constantly expanding cross-Straits contacts and should not be hampered by any artificial or political factors. We hope to realize the "three direct links" at an early date and across the board, so as to open up a new situation for cross-Straits economic cooperation and benefit compatriots on both sides of the Straits.) 解析:3.全会提出:着力保障和改善民生,必须逐步完善符合国情、比较完整、覆盖城乡、可持续的基本公共服务体系,提高政府保障能力,推进基本公共服务均等化。
新编英语教程(基础英语)第三版第四册课文翻译Book4Unit7从作曲家到口译员再到听众_英中对照
新编英语教程(基础英语)第三版第四册课⽂翻译Book4Unit7从作曲家到⼝译员再到听众_英中对照Unit Seven第七单元电影剪辑Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.观看电影剪辑并回答以下问题。
What comments does Sire make on Mozart's music performed tonight?陛下对今晚演奏的莫扎特的⾳乐有何评论?He says it shows something quite new, but occasionally it seems to have too many notes. 他说它展⽰了⼀些相当新的东西,但是偶尔它似乎有太多的⾳符。
According to Mozart's landlady Frau Weber, who is Constanze?根据莫扎特的⼥房东韦伯夫⼈,谁是康斯坦茨?She is the fiancée of Herr Mozart.她是莫扎特先⽣的未婚妻。
Discussion:讨论:How much do you know about Mozart and his music?Do you like classical music or pop music?State your reasons.你对莫扎特和他的⾳乐了解多少?你喜欢古典⾳乐还是流⾏⾳乐?陈述你的理由。
(This is an open question.)(这是⼀个开放的问题。
)Script脚本(From Amadeus)(来⾃阿马德乌斯)- Brava, Madame!You are an ornament to our stage.-布拉⽡,夫⼈!你是我们舞台的装饰品。
- Your Majesty.-陛下。
- Well, Herr Mozart.A good effort.Oh well, decidedly that.An excellent effort!You have shown us something ...quite new tonight.莫扎特先⽣。
英汉翻译技巧词性转换
英汉翻译技巧词性转换本文档旨在提供关于英汉翻译中词性转换的技巧和策略。
通过深入讨论和实例分析,帮助读者学会在英汉翻译过程中准确转换单词的词性,以保持语义的连贯和准确。
词性转换的定义和意义理解词性转换在翻译中的重要性解释词性转换的定义和基本原则名词和形容词的转换名词转换为形容词的常见方法和技巧形容词转换为名词的常用策略和实例动词和名词的转换动词转换为名词的常见规则和实践名词转换为动词的常用方式和示例副词和形容词的转换副词转换为形容词的技巧和策略形容词转换为副词的常见方法和实例例句分析与实践提供一些实际例句进行分析和转换实践深入探讨例句中词性转换的技巧和注意事项总结与扩展对本文档中所涉及的词性转换技巧进行总结和回顾提供更多补充资料和延伸阅读资源请注意,本文档的目标是提供简洁明了的指导,避免复杂的法律问题并独立进行决策。
导言请注意,本文档的目标是提供简洁明了的指导,避免复杂的法律问题并独立进行决策。
导言英汉翻译技巧词性转换》是一本重要的翻译技巧手册,它涉及到了词性转换在英汉翻译中的应用。
词性转换指的是将一个词的词性从一种转换为另一种,以达到更恰当地表达原文含义的目的。
英汉翻译技巧词性转换》是一本重要的翻译技巧手册,它涉及到了词性转换在英汉翻译中的应用。
词性转换指的是将一个词的词性从一种转换为另一种,以达到更恰当地表达原文含义的目的。
词性转换在翻译过程中具有广泛的应用领域。
它可以帮助翻译者解决一些句子难以准确翻译的问题,提高翻译质量和可读性。
无论在文学作品、商务文件还是学术论文等领域,词性转换都起到了不可忽视的作用。
在《英汉翻译技巧词性转换》中,我们将介绍一些简单且没有法律复杂性的策略和技巧,旨在帮助翻译者更好地掌握词性转换的方法。
我们鼓励翻译者发挥自己的优势,并遵循简洁明了的原则,不引用无法确认的内容。
无论是英汉互译还是汉译英,词性转换都是一个关键技巧。
通过研究和掌握《英汉翻译技巧词性转换》,您将能够更好地处理词性转换的问题,提升翻译水平。
翻译技巧之转化法
某些名词翻译成动词
• The lecturer gave an excellent
picture of the living conditions in
Africa. • 讲演者生动地描绘了非洲的生活状况
• We can make use of atomic
energy in the production processes. • 我们可以在这些生产过程中应用原子 能
3. Even today the American dollar is technically “backed” by the store of gold which the US government maintains.
2.形容词变名词
• You are skillful in all such matters.
三、 转译成形容词
1.名词变形容词
• He found some difficulties to
design a reactor without a computer. • 她感到没有电脑要设计反应堆是困难 的。
• They admitted the feasibility of
our proposal. • 他们承认我们的建议是可行的。
• A call for papers is being issued.
• 征集论文的通知正在陆续发出 • She has gained her master’s
degree and is finally off welfare.
• 她已经获得了硕士学位并终于摆脱了 救济
• When they see you down in the
• He had never seen Clem act like
英语转换中文在线翻译
英语转换中文在线翻译
英语转换中文在线翻译是一种非常便捷而实用的工具,能够帮助我们快速地将英文内容转化为中文,以便更好地理解、使用。
下面将分步骤介绍英语转换中文在线翻译的使用方法:
第一步:打开翻译网站。
在浏览器中输入“英语转换中文在线翻译”等相关关键词搜索,会出现多个在线翻译网站的链接。
选择一个你熟悉或信任的网站,在搜索框中输入所需翻译的英文内容。
第二步:选择翻译语言。
在翻译框中,通常默认为英文到中文的翻译,如果需要翻译其他语言,可以点击下拉菜单,选择相应的翻译语言,并输入需要翻译的文本。
第三步:确认翻译结果。
翻译完成后,网站会自动将翻译后的中文文本呈现在翻译框中。
确认翻译结果是否准确,如果出现翻译不准确的情况,可以手动修改。
第四步:复制粘贴。
如果需要将翻译文本放在其他地方使用,例如你的电子邮件、文章、研究论文等,可以将翻译文本复制到剪贴板中,然后粘贴到目标位置即可。
需要注意的是,虽然在线翻译软件可以帮助我们快速翻译文本,但是它并不是完美的,还需要我们自己进行合理的修订和校对,以确保所翻译内容的准确性和流畅性。
此外,在使用在线翻译网站的时候,一定要注意使用安全。
不要轻易在未知的网站泄露个人隐私信息,例如邮箱地址、电话号码等。
在使用之前,可以查看网站的隐私政策和服务条款,以确保自己的信息安全。
总之,英语转换中文在线翻译是一个非常方便、实用的工具,适用于各种情况下的翻译需求。
通过遵循上述步骤,并注意安全使用,我们可以在英汉翻译中获得更加高效的帮助。
trans一系列单词
trans一系列单词trans一系列单词:1.transform [træns'fɔrm] 转变,变换2.transmute [træns'mju:t] 转化,变化3.transducer [trænz'dju:sə(r)] 变换器,传感器4.transition [træn'zɪʃən] 转变,过渡5.transparent [træns'pærənt] 透明的,清晰易懂的6.transportation ['trænspər'teɪʃən] 运输,交通7.transplant [træns'plænt] 移植,移种8.transmit [trænz'mɪt] 传输,发射9.transmission [trænz'mɪʃən] 传输,发射10.t ransatlantic ['trænsət'læntɪk] 横跨大西洋的,大西洋彼岸的11.t ransnational [træns'næʃənl] 跨国的,超越国界的12.t ranscontinental ['trænskən'tɪnəntl] 横跨大陆的13.t ransgender [træns'dʒendə(r)] 跨性别的,变性人的14.t ransceiver [træns'si:və(r)] 收发器,收发机15.t ranspiration ['trænspə'reɪʃ(ə)n] 蒸发,排汗16.t ranscend [træn'send] 超越,超出17.t ransonic [træn'sɒnɪk] 超音速的18.t ransfix [træns'fɪks] 刺穿,使呆住19.t ransgression [trænz'ɡreʃən] 违反,犯罪20.t ransience ['trænziəns] 短暂,转瞬即逝21.t ransitory ['trænzɪt(ə)rɪ] 短暂的,瞬息的22.t ranslate [træns'leɪt] 翻译,翻译成23.t ranscribe [træns'kraɪb] 抄写,记录24.t ransposition [trænspə'zɪʃən] 调换,置换25.t ransverse ['trænzvɜ:s] 横向的,横断的26.t ransubstantiate ['trænsʌb'stænʃɪeɪt] 神秘地变化,变成27.t ransmissible [træns'mɪsəbl] 可传递的,可传染的。
基础英语第二课翻译
Part Three I.1.许多中年人去健身房锻炼,到街上跑步,为的是延缓衰老。
2.青年人最不稳定的因素就是,他们对价值观、人生目标和梦想还犹豫不定。
3.镇上开会我可以大胆发言,在商店里购物我也敢投诉,因为我不再害怕人们会笑我,也不再渴望人人都喜欢我。
4.我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母,也不会对他们在养育我的过程中所犯的种种过失耿耿于怀。
II. Translation exercises1. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。
(vain, be obsessed with) Translation:Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. Practice:2.当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了。
(affair, fall apart) Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was fo und out by his wife.3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受。
(inspiration, deny oneself something)For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself ma ny comforts of life.4.我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行,因为这要取决于会不会下雨。
(excursion, at the mercy of)I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather.5.他早年到日本学医,回国后却改变了主意,一辈子从事文学创作。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷49(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷49(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1.负面转换正确答案:negative shift 涉及知识点:汉译英2.规范正确答案:norms 涉及知识点:汉译英3.必要对等语正确答案:obligatory equivalents 涉及知识点:汉译英4.曲径翻译正确答案:oblique translation 涉及知识点:汉译英5.操作模式正确答案:operational model 涉及知识点:汉译英6.操作规范正确答案:operational norms 涉及知识点:汉译英7.可换对等语正确答案:optional equivalents 涉及知识点:汉译英8.重合翻译正确答案:overlapping translation 涉及知识点:汉译英9.显型翻译正确答案:overt translation 涉及知识点:汉译英10.超额翻译正确答案:overtranslation 涉及知识点:汉译英11.范式对等正确答案:paradigmatic equivalence 涉及知识点:汉译英12.释译正确答案:paraphrase 涉及知识点:汉译英13.局部翻译理论正确答案:partial theories of translation 涉及知识点:汉译英14.参与型接受者正确答案:participative receiver 涉及知识点:汉译英15.具体化翻译正确答案:particularizing translation 涉及知识点:汉译英16.运用正确答案:pertormance 涉及知识点:汉译英17.音素翻译正确答案:phonemic translation 涉及知识点:汉译英18.音位翻译正确答案:phonological translation 涉及知识点:汉译英19.中枢语言正确答案:pivot language 涉及知识点:汉译英20.多元文化理论正确答案:polysystem theory 涉及知识点:汉译英21.语用途径正确答案:pragmatic approach 涉及知识点:汉译英22.语用翻译正确答案:pragmatic translation 涉及知识点:汉译英23.预先规范正确答案:preliminary norms 涉及知识点:汉译英24.规定翻译研究正确答案:prescriptive translation studies 涉及知识点:汉译英25.首级翻译正确答案:primary translation 涉及知识点:汉译英26.关于问题的翻译理论正确答案:problem—restricted theo—ries of translation 涉及知识点:汉译英27.过程取向翻译研究正确答案:process.oriented translation theo-ties 涉及知识点:汉译英28.成品取向翻译研究正确答案:product—oriented translation stud-ies 涉及知识点:汉译英29.翻译规范正确答案:professional norms 涉及知识点:汉译英30.前瞻式翻译正确答案:prospective translation 涉及知识点:汉译英31.原型文本正确答案:prototext 涉及知识点:汉译英32.伪翻译正确答案:pseudo translation 涉及知识点:汉译英33.纯语言正确答案:pure language 涉及知识点:汉译英34.原始翻译正确答案:radical translation 涉及知识点:汉译英35.级阶受限翻译正确答案:rank—bound translation 涉及知识点:汉译英36.独有特征正确答案:realia 涉及知识点:汉译英37.接受语正确答案:receptor language 涉及知识点:汉译英38.重构式翻译正确答案:translation with reconstruction 涉及知识点:汉译英39.冗余正确答案:redundancy 涉及知识点:汉译英40.折射正确答案:refraction 涉及知识点:汉译英41.规约性翻译常规正确答案:regulative translational conven-tions 涉及知识点:汉译英42.转接传译正确答案:relay interpreting 涉及知识点:汉译英43.知识库要素正确答案:repertoreme 涉及知识点:汉译英44.阻抗正确答案:resistancy 涉及知识点:汉译英45.受限翻译正确答案:restricted translation 涉及知识点:汉译英46.重组正确答案:restructuring 涉及知识点:汉译英47.后瞻式翻译正确答案:retrospective translation 涉及知识点:汉译英48.重写正确答案:rewriting 涉及知识点:汉译英49.韵体翻译正确答案:rhymed translation 涉及知识点:汉译英50.二级翻译正确答案:secondary translation 涉及知识点:汉译英。
Unit1 英语翻译基础和词语翻译技巧
3)Urban residents will be proud of experiencing cities’ significant changes in the following years. 未来几年,城市居民将会自豪地亲历城市的 显著变化。 4)We will turn to the Web for shopping, education, entertainment, just as it is natural to pick up the telephone to talk to someone.
3.翻译的过程
翻译过程是正确理解原文(the source language)和确切地用译文(the target language)将原文内容、风格表达出来的过程。 主要包括理解和表达两个阶段。 3.1理解阶段 译者要对原文语言现象、文化背景、语篇类 型和特征进行深入的分析。
3.2表达阶段(直译;意译;音译) 译者把原文内容正确、充分而又自然地传达给目 的语读者的过程。在此,我们介绍3种基本的翻译 方法:直译(literal translation)、意译(free translation)和音译(transliteration)。 3.2.1直译 直译是既保持原文内容、又保持原文形式的翻译方 法。当译文语言与原作语言具有相同的表达形式时, 我们可以采用直译。但直译不是字对字死译。
3)The manager spoke hopefully of the success of the trade fair this fall. 这位经理满怀希望地谈到今年秋交会会取得 成功。 4)The success of McDonald’s strategy has encouraged many imitators. 麦当劳快餐连锁店经营策略的成功促使很多 餐饮店步其后尘
英汉互译理论与实务课件及其参考答案 第三章第三节 词性转换
2.2 英语动词、形容词和副词与汉语名词相互转换
(1)英语动词≈汉语名词
例1:屋子真温暖,回家的感觉真好。 译文:The house is really warm and feels good. 例2:Outstanding educational employees should be properly acclaimed and rewarded. 译文:对于表现优秀的员工,应该适当地予以表扬和奖励。
例30:Learning is wealth to the poor, an honour to the rich, an aid to the young, and a support and comfort to the aged. 译文:学问是穷人的财富,是富人的荣誉,是青年的帮助,是老年的支 持和安慰。
例5:他的言论在报纸上受到抨击。 译文:His remarks were attacked in the newspaper.
可见,能与汉语动词相互转换的英语动词有如下特征:
a. 一些由名词派生或转用的英语动词(如apologize,
identify, personify, symbolize等);
(3)英语副词≈汉语形容词
英语动词译成汉语名词时,修饰动词的英语副词往往要转 译成汉语的形容词,反之亦然。
例1:I suppose boys think differently from girls. 译文:我想男孩子的思维方式与女孩子是不一样的。
例2:《唐山大地震》23秒的地震再现,给观众们留下了深刻的 印象。 译文:Many audiences are deeply impressed by the 23second reproduction of earthquake in the movie Aftershock.
翻译技巧 (转换)
第六讲——英汉互译讲义三翻译技巧第二节转换Conversion一、名词的转换1.He admires the President’s stated decision to fight for the job.他对总统声明为保住职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩。
评析:此句谓语动词为admires,其他用的是过去分词(stated)、动词性名词(decision)、不定式(to fight)和介词(for)。
汉语没有词性变化,但可以几个动词连用。
在本句中,“decision”转化成动词“决心”。
2.My admiration for him grew more.我对他越来越钦佩。
评析:“admiration”巧妙地和后面动词“grew more”结合在一起,转化成动词。
3.Indo-China is a drain on French resources.印度支那战争不断地消耗法国的资源。
评析:“drain”也只能译成“消耗”,否则无法成句。
4.The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries.直译:国际粮食的缺乏对科威特和其他不毛的沙漠国家产生了一种直接的影响。
改译一:由于世界普遍粮食缺乏,这就直接影响到科威特和其他不毛的沙漠国家。
改译二:全球性食品短缺现象直接影响了科威特等贫瘠的沙漠国家。
评析:直译按照原词性翻译显得僵硬,改译一变换了许多词的词性,把原来的主语部分变成了原因状语成分,使整个句子灵活。
改译二则只将“a direct impact on”动词化,显得更简洁。
5.It’s mighty to make him work Saturdays, when all the boys is having holiday, but he hates work more than anything else, and I’ve got to do some of duty by him, or I’ll be ruination of the child.要说星期六别的孩子都在过假日你让他干活儿很难倒还罢了,可他压根儿就恨透了干活儿,比什么都恨,我真的是看不过去,非尽些责任不可,要不我非把这孩子毁了不可。
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本资料出自百度文库,缺少第四单元,仅供参考,内容包括translation,paraphrase.1. She asked if I was allergic to anything.她问我是否对什么药物过敏。
2. The bottom line: It’s your choice how you live life.最重要的是:怎么生活是你自己的选择。
3. Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing attitude.杰里活下来了,救他命的不仅仅是医生们精湛的医术,也是他自己令人难以置信的乐观态度。
4. I declined to see his wounds, but did ask him what had gone through his mind as the robbery took place.我没有看他的伤口,但是我的确问他:抢劫发生的瞬间他脑子里想的是什么。
5. He was always in a good mood and always had something positive to say.他总是心境极佳,总能说出一些积极向上的话来。
6. I learned from him that every day we have the choice to live fully.从他身上我懂得我们每天都可以对如何活得充实做出选择。
1. Jerry was the kind of guy you love to hate.Jerry was the kind of person whom people admire so much that he annoys those who are incapable of becoming one like him.2. “If I were any better, I would be twins!”I consider myself so happy that only when I became two of myself would I be able to contain all the happiness I have.3. He was recognized as a special manager because he had several waiters who had followed him around from restaurant to restaurant.He was acknowledged as a special manager as he had the charm that attracted several waiters who were determined to work for him only, no matter which restaurant hired him.4. I reflected on what Jerry said.I thought very carefully about what Jerry said.5. We lost touch, but I often thought about him when I made a choice about life instead of reacting to it.Although we lost contact with each other, my mind often went to him when I made a decision as to how to live life instead of dealing with it in the first place.1. 尽管我们失去联系多年了,我还是会时常想起她。
(lose touch, think about)Though we have lost touch for yearsyears ago, I think about her from time to time.2. 比尔·盖茨是那种让人又爱又恨的人,他居然能在别人的一个简单的理念上营造起自己的经济帝国。
(love to hate)Bill Gates, who is able to build up his economic empire based on a borrowed idea, is the kind of person people love to hate,.3. 两个星期的假期把我从工作中暂时解放出来。
(release)I was released from my work temporarily by a two-week holiday.4. 我们应该思考一下我们能从这次失败中学到什么。
(reflect on, learn from)We should reflect on what we can learn from the failure.5. 人生充满了选择。
我们理应做出正确的选择,可有时我们却做不到。
(all about, be supposed to)Life is all about choices. We are supposed to make right ones, but we are sometimes unable to. 6. 幸亏他对香蕉过敏,才躲过了这场由香蕉引起的食物中毒。
(thanks to, be allergic to, food poisoning)Thanks to the fact that he was allergic to banana, he escaped the food poisoning caused by banana.7. 我从他的脸上看出来他今天的心情很不错。
(read, in a good mood)In his face, I read he is in a good mood today.1. While Mother was in New Orleans, I was in the care of my grandparents.当母亲在新奥尔良时,我便由外祖父母来照看。
2. My grandfather loved working there, too. It got him out of the house and reminded him of the mill work he’d done as a young man around the time of my mother’s birth.外祖父也喜欢在那儿干活。
这样他便可以从家里躲出来,去回忆他年轻力壮时做的木匠活,那时我的母亲刚刚出生。
3. Occasionally, black kids would come into the store and we would play.有时候,黑人孩子会到店里来,我们便在一起玩。
4. It took me years to learn about segregation and prejudice and the meaning of poverty, years to learn that most white people weren’t like my grandfather and grandmother, whose views on race were among the few things she had in common with her husband.我花了好几年才搞懂到底什么是种族歧视、偏见以及贫穷的含义;我同样花了好几年才闹明白原来大多数白人和我的外祖父母很是不同。
多数情况下,我的外祖母总是和丈夫观点相悖,可他们在种族问题上的态度却是少有的一致。
5. One of the most memorable stories of my childhood was my mother’s tale of a Depression Good Friday when my grandfather came home from work and broke down and cried as he told her he just couldn’t afford the dollar or so it would cost to buy her a new Easter dress.令人难忘的童年故事之一是母亲给我讲的一件事。
故事发生在大萧条时期的一个复活节,外祖父(神情)沮丧地下班回家,哭着告诉我母亲,他没能给她买条在复活节穿的裙子,其实那裙子只要一两块来钱。
6. She recalled that he had told her that good people who were doing the best they could deserved to be able to feed their families, and no matter how strapped he was, he never denied them groceries on credit.她(母亲)回忆外祖父曾告诉她,那些尽全力工作的好人理应做到让家人填饱肚子,所以不管他自己有多窘迫,他都会给那些人赊账。
7. In 1997, an African-American woman, Ernestine Campbell, did an interview for her hometown paper in Toledo, Ohio, about her grandfather buying groceries from mine “on account” and bringing her with him to the store.1997年,一位叫欧内斯廷·坎贝尔的黑人妇女,在俄亥俄州的托莱多接受当地报纸采访时谈到我的祖父曾经赊账给她的祖父,而且她的祖父还曾把她带到店里来。
1. My grandparents and my mother always made me feel I was the most important person in the world to them. Most children will make it if they have just one person who makes them feel that way. I had three.My grandparents and my mother always made me feel I was the important person in the world to them. Most children will be successful in life if they have just one person who makes them feel that they are important. Luckily, I had three people within my family, all thinking I was the most important person to them.2. During the Depression, when nobody had any money, he would invite boys to ride the ice truck with him just to get them off the street. They earned twenty-five cents a day.During the economic hard time, nobody had any money. But he would invite those boys to ride the ice truck for him and paid them twenty-five cents a day. He did it for the purpose to keep the boys away from the hooligans on the street.3. Forty years later, he told me he still never walked by that stretch of sidewalk without trying to spot that dime.Forty years later, he told me whenever he walked by the stretch of sidewalk, he would try to find that dime.4. It’s hard to convey to young people today the impact the Depression had on my parents’ and grandparents’ generation, but I grew up feeling it.It’s hard to let today’s young people understand the impact the Depression had on my parents’ and grandparents’ generation, but I did feel it while I grew up.5. It hurt, but my mother had been faithful to her father’s Easter ritual.It hurt, but my mother would never make a change to her father’s Easter ritual, which means that she insisted that I wear new clothes on Easter.6. Though the South was completely segregated back then, some level of racial interaction was inevitable in small towns, just as it had always been in the rural South.Though the south was totally separated along racial lines at that time, a certain degree of communication between races was simply taking place naturally, especially in small towns.7. However, it was rare to find an uneducated rural southerner without a racist bone in his body.Most uneducated rural southerners had racial prejudice against the black people.8. … no matter how strapped he was, he never denied them groceries on credit.…no matter how poor he was, he always gave them foods on account.1. 父亲不仅白天在工厂做工,晚上还去史密斯先生的杂货店守夜。