初中英语语音知识复习

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）辅音（28个）英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音:2、[ɔ: ]字母组合 al or au our ar ooal :small wall talk tall hall ball call walkor :short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store authorau : caught autumnour :four mourn court boughtar : warm quarrel quarter3、[ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orir: girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdur : turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger ear :learn earn earth hearder：term her nerd serveor： work worm world4、[i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie （ey i）ee ： three tree green sheep meet beef see seekea： eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasee ： he she meie：piece receive ceilingey: key i: in info5、[u:] 字母组合 oo o uoo :food moon room gloom broom doom goose tootho :shoe do twou: true truth blue full prude6、[ ʌ ] 发音字母 u o ouu : up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buso : come mother dose brother love aboveou : trouble rough flourish7、([ɒ])发音字母 o a ouo : hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar nota : want wash watchou: out about loud8、[ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e urer: teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder or :doctor actor mayor author tractorou :delicious gracious pleasure familiaro : collar dollar together tomorrow todaya: alive attack array appearancee: theur: Saturday9、[ i ]发音字母 i y e uii :sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig bigbuild missy: many twenty happy dictionarye :defect theui:liquid quick quit10、[u] 字母组合 oo ou u ooo : look good foot book woodou: should couldu : put full bull pull pusho : woman to11、[e] 字母组合 ea eea : head bread pleasuree : elephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbed desk hotel yes12、[ æ ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black backglad flag shall man13、[ei] 发音字母 a…e ay ea ai eya…e :name cake late gate plane Aprila: April acient agencyay : play say may wayea : great breakai : rain paint plainey :they grey14、[ai] 发音字母 i…e i yi…e： bike fine find ninei : die light night highy : my try fly15、[ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oioy: boy toy joyoi：oil soil voice choice16、[iε] 字母组合 eer ear ere ieeer: beer deerear :near hear dearere :hereie：fierce expierence17、[ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear air ere ear: pear bearair :chair air fairere :there where care18、[uε] [uə]字母组合ourour :tour19、[əʊ] 发音字母 o…e o ow oao…e ：home dome owe phoneo : cold go no host ghostow : know low below grow show flow oa : boat coat goal20、[au] 字母组合 ou ow oou : house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseow : flower down now cow how towno: copy drop二、辅音：/p/ p: pet pad pig/t/ t: tank ticket ten/k/ k: key okey kiss/f/ f: full fun fold flagph:photo/θ/th:thank think thin three/s/ s: six say see sad sorryC: decision/b/ b: bad bed back bank/d/d: do dictionary dollar/g/ g: glad glance good great/v/ v: very vession victory/ð/th: they then than that this/z/ z: zero zoo zip/ʃ/ sh: share she shampoo/h/ h: hell hence have hat/ts/ts:its/tʃ/ ch: teacher chance change/tr/tr: trade treat try/ʒ/ e ： vession decision/r/r: red raceWr: Write/dz/ ds/dʒ/ ge: change geography/dr/dr: drive dry/m/ m: moon matter man moonM: room zoom/n/n: noon not noN: noon town down/ŋ/ drunk(drink的过去式)/j/ y: yesman yesterday/ w/ w: win welcome we/ǀ/ l: look luck lost let英语音标发音规则在闭音节中[æ] bag dad hat map black back在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg在闭音节中[i] fish big drink sit milk swim在闭音节中[ɔ] clock not box shop sock在闭音节中[ʌ]bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词[ə[i]orange comrade village cabbage[ə[ə:] nerve serve term[i] chicken pocket begin children[ai] exercise satellite[ə[əu] also zero photo[ə[ju:] popular congratulation January动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operateu处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a在[w]音后面[ɔ] want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light higho在-st -ld前[əu] most postcard old coldo在m n v th前[ʌ] come monkey love motherar在[w]音后面[ɔ:] warm quarter towardsor在[w]音后面[ɔ:] forty morning short[ə:] word worker worse辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音. 例如: carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音are[ɛə]care dare hareere[iə]here mereire[aiə] fire hire wireore[ɔ:]more score beforeure[juə] pure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,例如:picture pleasure重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读, 字母Rr读[r]音.例如:parent zero story during inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.例如:orange very American paragraph六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音ai/ay[ei] afraid rain wait day playair[ɛə] air hair chair pair repairal在f m前[ɔ] small ball talk wall all[ɔ:l] always also salt almost bald[a:] half calmau/aw[ɔ:] autumn daughter drawea[i:] teach easy cheap please[e]heavy bread sweater weather[ei]break greatear[iə] hear dear near clear year[εə] bear pear wear[ə:] earth learn earlyee[i:] jeep week green threeeer[iə] pioneer deer beerei/ey[ei] eight neighbour they[i:] either keyeu/ew在j l r s后[ju:] new few newspaper[u:] flew brewie/ei在[s]音之后[i:] piece field receiveoa[əu] coat Joan boat goaloar/oor[ɔ:] roar board door flooroi/oy[ɔi] noise point boy toiletooou/ow[au] flower house count down [əu] know row throw though[ʌ] young country enough [u:] group you soupOur[ɔ:] course your four [auə] our hour ours[ə:] journeyui在j l r s后[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音ai/ay ei/ey[i] Sunday foreign monkeyow[əu] yellow sparrow tomorrow元音字母及组合在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tion[∫n] impression nation-sion在元音字母后[ӡn] vision decision occasion-tion在s后[t∫ən] question suggestion-sten[sn]listen -stle[sl] whistle-sure[ӡə] pleasure measure -ture[t∫ə] picture culture八、元音字母及组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[ɔ:]有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如:sun太阳+ day[ei]日子> Sunday[i] 星期天holy神圣+ day[ei]日子> holiday[i] 假日break中断+ fast[a:]斋戒> breakfast[ə] 早餐cup茶杯+ board木板[ɔ:] > cupboard[ə] 碗柜九,辅音字母及组合的读音1、辅音字母b的读音：b 一般读作[b]，例如：aglab ;b但在climb中不发音。