英语国际音标的讲解及练习

英语国际音标讲与练

Lesson 1

⑴前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]

前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。

[i:]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。

注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。

[i:]字母组合:ee ea e ie

Three tree green sheep meet beef see seek

Eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean

please

he she me piece receive ceiling

[i]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，比[i:]低,比[e]高。②唇形扁平，牙床开得比[i:]宽，比[e]窄。③可从发[i:]出发，将小指尖放在上下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。

[i] 发音字母i y e

Sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

Myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious

读以下这些句子。注意，朗读速度一定要慢，并仔细体会两个音标之间的区别。

Please say it again.

This is a sheep.

These are ships.

[e]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。②唇形中常，牙床开得比[i:]宽，

上下齿间可容纳一个食指。

[e] 字母组合ea e a

Head bread pleasure many any

elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes

读下面的短语

seven beds, ten desks, the next lessen

Let’s get ready for the test.

All’s well that ends well.

[æ]①舌尖抵下齿。②双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。

[æ ]发音字母a

Bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

a happy man, a happy family, hand in hand, caps and cats

Harry has a happy family in Canada.

The rat is running on a narrow track.

⑵爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强。

[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。[p]与[b]

发[p]音时，双唇紧闭，在口腔积气，然后快速张口，通过气息发出这个音。

发[b]音时，口形与[p]音一样，只不过这个音是通过口腔发出来的。

[p] pen pear play pig pour pull push

[b] book big boot bike bread break

练习下面句子：

These are some books and pens on the desk.

Please wait a bit.

[t]与[d]

[t]音是由舌头与上牙齿相撞，通过气息发出声音。

[d]音的口形与[t]音一样，只不过[d]是由口腔发出来的。

[t] tree two ten ton town twenty city

[d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

请减速练习下面句子：

The dog runs very fast.

I have much work to do.

[k]与[g]

发[k]音时，将舌头平等于上下齿之间，不要接触上下颚，也不要碰到牙齿，通过气息发出声音。

[g]音的口形与[k]音一样，只不过[g]是由口腔发出来的。

[k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)

card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)

fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)

school schedule schema (字母组合ch)

[g] girl good goal goat grade long language

请减速练习下面句子：

He is a good cook.

They walk slowly toward the gate.

Lesson 2

⑴后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [u] [u:]

后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。

②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。[ɑ:] 舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩。

[a:] 字母组合ar a

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm

练习下面短语：

a large car, half a jar, after the bath

I like to pass through the garden park.

Far from eye, far from heart.

[ɔ] ①舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。②双唇稍稍收圆。③可先发[ɑ:]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突出）即可发出[ɔ]。[ɔ]发音字母o a

Hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash

练习下面短语：

cotton socks, borrow a clock, a pocket watch

The coffee is top quality.

When the shop was robbed, everybody was shocked.

[ɔ:]①舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高。②双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出。[ɔ:]字母组合al or au our ar

small wall talk tall hall ball call walk

short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store

author caught autumn

four mourn court bought

warm quarrel quarter

练习短语;

all in all, more and more, a short story

Paul’s four and can walk and talk.

The storm draws near---we ought to go indoors.