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反倾销协议书范本

反倾销协议书范本甲方（进口方）：______________________________________地址：_______________________________________________法定代表人：_________________________________________职务：_______________________________________________联系电话：_________________________________________乙方（出口方）：______________________________________地址：_______________________________________________法定代表人：_________________________________________职务：_______________________________________________联系电话：_________________________________________鉴于甲方为进口国的合法企业，乙方为出口国的合法企业，双方本着公平、公正、互利的原则，就乙方出口至甲方所在国的产品可能涉及的反倾销问题，经友好协商，达成如下协议：第一条定义1.1 反倾销：指进口国对乙方出口至甲方所在国的产品，因价格低于正常价值而进行的调查、征收反倾销税等措施。

1.2 正常价值：指乙方产品在出口国国内市场的正常交易价格或成本加合理利润的价格。

1.3 倾销：指乙方产品出口至甲方所在国的价格低于其正常价值。

第二条反倾销调查的应对2.1 若甲方所在国对乙方产品启动反倾销调查，乙方应积极配合甲方，提供必要的信息和证据。

2.2 乙方应保证其出口产品的价格不低于正常价值，以避免被认定为倾销。

第三条反倾销税的承担3.1 若乙方产品被甲方所在国认定为倾销并征收反倾销税，乙方应承担由此产生的额外成本。

ADP-反倾销协议14页word

关于实施1994年关税与贸易总协定第6条的协定各成员特此协议如下：第一部分第1条原则反倾销措施仅应适用于GATT 1994第6条所规定的情况，并应根据符合本协定规定发起1和进行的调查实施。

GATT 1994第6条的适用按下列规定执行，但仅限于根据反倾销立法或法规所采取的行动。

第2条倾销的确定2.1 就本协定而言，如一产品自一国出口至另一国的出口价格低于在正常贸易过程中出口国供消费的同类产品的可比价格，即以低于正常价值的价格进入另一国的商业，则该产品被视为倾销。

2.2 如在出口国国内市场的正常贸易过程中不存在该同类产品的销售，或由于出口国国内市场的特殊市场情况或销售量较低2，不允许对此类销售进行适当比较，则倾销幅度应通过比较同类产品出口至一适当第三国的可比价格确定，只要该价格具有代表性，或通过比较原产国的生产成本加合理金额的管理、销售和一般费用及利润确定。

2.2.1同类产品以低于单位(固定和可变)生产成本加管理。

销售和一般费用的价格在出口国国内市场的销售或对一第三国的销售，只有在主管机关3确定此类销售属在一持续时间内4以实质数量5、且以不能在一段合理时间内收回成本的价格进行时，方可以价格原因将其视为未在正常贸易过程中进行的销售，且可在确定正常价值时不予考虑。

如在进行销售时低于单位成本的价格高于调查期间的加权平均单位成本，则此类价格应被视为能在一段合理时间内收回成本。

2.2.1.1就第2款而言，成本通常应以被调查的出口商或生产者保存的记录为基础进行计算，只要此类记录符合出口国的公认会计原则并合理反映与被调查的产品有关的生产和销售成本。

主管机关应考虑关于成本适当分摊的所有可获得的证据，包括出口商或生产者在调查过程中提供的证据，只要此类分摊方法是出口商或生产者一贯延续使用的，特别是关于确定资本支出和其他开发成本的适当摊销和折旧期限及备抵的证据。

除非根据本项己在成本分摊中得以反映，否则应对那些有利于将来和/或当前生产的非经常性项目支出或在调查期间支出受投产6影响的情况做出适当调整。

反倾销协议书

反倾销协议书甲方（进口方）：_____________________地址：_________________________________法定代表人：_________________________职务：_________________________________乙方（出口方）：_____________________地址：_________________________________法定代表人：_________________________职务：_________________________________鉴于甲方为保护国内市场和公平贸易秩序，防止乙方的倾销行为对甲方国内产业造成损害，甲乙双方在平等、自愿的基础上，根据相关国际公约和国内法律，经协商一致，就反倾销问题达成如下协议：第一条定义1.1 “倾销”是指乙方以低于正常价值的价格向甲方市场销售商品，导致甲方国内产业受到实质性损害或威胁，或者对甲方国内产业的建立造成实质性阻碍。

1.2 “正常价值”是指在乙方国内市场上，或者在第三方市场上，乙方同类商品的可比价格。

1.3 “实质性损害”是指由于倾销行为，甲方国内产业遭受的严重损害，包括但不限于市场份额的丧失、价格的下降、利润的减少等。

第二条反倾销措施2.1 乙方承诺不以低于正常价值的价格向甲方市场销售商品，避免对甲方国内产业造成实质性损害。

2.2 如甲方发现乙方存在倾销行为，甲方有权采取包括但不限于征收反倾销税、价格承诺、数量限制等措施。

第三条价格承诺3.1 乙方同意在甲方提出要求时，向甲方提交价格承诺，确保其商品的销售价格不低于正常价值。

3.2 价格承诺的有效期、价格水平等具体内容由甲乙双方协商确定。

第四条调查与审查4.1 甲方有权对乙方的出口行为进行调查，以确定是否存在倾销行为。

4.2 乙方应配合甲方的调查，提供必要的信息和文件。

第五条争议解决5.1 甲乙双方因本协议的解释、履行或与本协议有关的任何争议，应首先通过友好协商解决。

《反倾销协议》.doc

《反倾销协议》关于执行1994关贸总协定第6条的协议第一部分第1条总则反倾销措施仅应在1994关贸总协定第6条所规定的情况下，并在按照本协议各项规定发起和进行调查后使用。

在根据反倾销法或条例采取行动的范围内1994关贸总协定第6条的适用按下列条款办理。

第2条倾销的确定1.在本守则中，如果从一国(A国)向另一国(B国)出口的产品其出口价格低于在正常贸易过程中出口国(A国)用于本国(A国)消费的相同产品的可比价格，则该产品便被认为是在被倾销，即被以低于其正常价值的价值输入到另一国(B国)的商业中去。

2.当出口国国内市场的正常贸易过程中不存在该相同产品的销售时，或者当由于该市场的特定情况，或者出口国国内市场的销售量太少，该项销售不允许进行适当比较时，则倾销差额应通过与向一个合适的第三国出口的相同产品的可比价格进行比较而确定，只要该价格是有代表性，或者与原产地国的生产成本、加上合理数额的管理费、销售费和一般费用以及利润进行比较而确定。

3.(1)只有当局确认相同产品在出口国国内市场上或者向一个第三国以价格低于单位(固定的和可变的)生产成本加行政管理费和销售费及一般费用的销售是在长时期内大量进行的且是以未能在一段合理的时期内收回其全部成本的价格进行时，这种销售才可因价格原因而被作为不在正常贸易过程中的销售对待并在确定正常价值时不作考虑。

如果在销售时低于单位成本的价格高于其在调查期间的加权平均的单位成本，则应认为此类价格在一段合理的时期内收回了成本。

(2)如果受调查的出口商或生产商存有的记录符合出口目的会计通则，并合理反映与有关产品的生产和销售相关的成本，则本条第2款规定的成本费用通常应根据该记录计算。

当局应考虑全部现有的关于恰当的成本分摊的凭证，包括由出口商或生产商在调查过程中提供的分摊凭证，其条件是此种分摊在历史上一直被出口商或生产商使用，特别是关于折旧期限和资本支出以及其他开发成本的补助费用的公摊，是出口商或生产商一直沿用的，除非根据本子款规定已在成本分配中得到反映，否则成本应为那些有利于将来和/或当前生产的非经常性项目成本作出适当的调整，或者为在调查期间成本费用因刚开始生产而受到影响的情况作出适当的调整。

反倾销协议

反倾销协议什么是反倾销协议？反倾销协议是国际贸易中的一种贸易保护措施。

它是国家或地区之间达成的协议，旨在防止某些产品价格低于其生产成本的情况下被出口到其他国家，以避免对本国产业造成不公平竞争和损害。

反倾销协议通常用于对抗倾销行为，即某个国家或地区出口的产品价格低于其在本国的价格。

反倾销协议的出发点反倾销协议的出发点是保护本国产业免受不公平竞争的侵害。

当某个国家或地区的企业通过倾销手段将产品以低于正常市场价格的方式出口到其他国家时，会对其他国家的本土产业造成严重的冲击。

这种倾销行为不仅会破坏其他国家市场上的公平竞争环境，还可能导致本国产业的衰退和失业问题。

反倾销协议的目标和原则反倾销协议的目标是保护本国产业和维护贸易的公平性和稳定性。

在达成反倾销协议时，各国通常会遵循以下原则：1.公平原则：反倾销协议的制定应当基于公平原则，确保各国企业在国际贸易中能够享有公平竞争的环境。

2.透明原则：反倾销协议应当注重信息的透明度，各国应当及时、准确地向世界贸易组织（WTO）通报相关的反倾销措施。

3.非歧视原则：反倾销协议应当避免对某个国家或地区的产品进行歧视，确保对所有国家和地区的产品进行公平的反倾销调查。

4.有效原则：反倾销协议应当确保反倾销措施的有效性，以防止倾销行为对本国产业造成损害。

反倾销协议的实施步骤反倾销协议的实施通常包括以下几个步骤：1.案件立案：当一个国家或地区的产业受到倾销行为的冲击时，可以向该国家或地区的政府提出申诉。

政府将对该申诉进行初步审查，决定是否进行反倾销调查。

2.调查启动：如果政府认定有必要进行反倾销调查，将启动调查程序，并通知相关国家和地区的政府。

3.调查过程：反倾销调查的过程中，将对涉嫌倾销的产品进行详细调查，包括价格、成本、销售渠道等方面的信息。

4.反倾销措施：根据调查结果，如果确实存在倾销行为并对本国产业造成了实质性损害，政府可以采取一系列反倾销措施，如征收反倾销税、限制进口数量等。

wto反倾销协议

wto反倾销协议WTO 反倾销协议（Anti-Dumping Agreement）是世界贸易组织下达成的一个重要协议，旨在防止国家或地区对彼此进行倾销，确保公平的国际贸易体系。

本文将从以下几个方面详细介绍 WTO 反倾销协议的相关内容。

一、什么是倾销？倾销是指某个国家或地区的出口商以低于正常价值出售产品，导致其他国家或地区的本地产业遭受损失的一种贸易行为。

这种贸易行为不仅会扰乱国际市场秩序，而且还会严重影响其他国家或地区的产业和就业。

二、反倾销协议的主要内容WTO 反倾销协议主要包括三个方面的内容，分别是“定义”、“程序规则”和“惩罚措施”。

（一）定义WTO 反倾销协议定义了什么可以被归类为倾销行为。

“倾销”必须满足三个主要条件：1.该产品的出口价格低于其“一般贸易价值”，也就是该产品在主要市场出售没有进行倾销的价格。

2.倾销产品的出口会导致进口国家产业受到损害。

3.被损害的产业证明出口产品的倾销行为是导致本地产业受到损害的原因之一。

（二）程序规则WTO 反倾销协议明确了规则和程序，以确保反映真实情况并保护应受保护的产业。

具体规则包括：1.进口国必须证明国外出口商确实存在倾销行为。

2.倾销对进口国产业造成实际伤害的证明必须提供。

3.必须证明进口处理程序确实存在。

4.对于任何决定，都必须允许复审和上诉。

（三）惩罚措施如果反倾销程序确认了倾销行为，进口国可以采取相应措施保护本地产业。

这些惩罚措施包括：1.征收反倾销税或关税增加额。

2.对倾销产品征收反倾销税，这可以使出口产品售价变得更加接近正常水平。

3.出售反倾销产品的措施以及其它。

三、WTO反倾销协议的意义WTO 反倾销协议的实施对国际贸易有着非常重要的意义。

它有助于避免不公平竞争、防止其他国家或地区的经济遭受损失，并维护了公平的贸易体系。

此外，它也使企业在全球范围内更加知晓国际市场环境，并激励他们提高产品质量和效果。

总之，WTO 反倾销协议是维护公平贸易的重要规定，只有每个国家顺应规则，依据协议处理贸易纠纷，才能更好地发展国际贸易，为全球经济发展做出应有贡献。

反倾销协议书

反倾销协议书一、背景介绍反倾销是指一国政府采取限制进口措施以应对其他国家所实施的倾销行为。

倾销指的是一国企业以低于市场价格出口商品到另一国，从而对该国市场造成冲击，导致其国内产业无法竞争。

为了维护国内产业的利益和公平贸易的原则，各国通常通过签订反倾销协议来规范双边贸易。

二、目的和范围本协议旨在确定双方在贸易方面的合作和责任，以保护双方国内产业的利益，促进公平和平等的贸易。

协议的适用范围包括但不限于以下情况： - 当一方国家发现另一方国家的商品倾销行为对其国内市场造成实质性损害时，双方应通过协商解决此类贸易争端。

- 双方应建立和完善倾销案件的调查程序，确保调查公正、透明。

- 双方承认并保护知识产权，打击假冒伪劣商品，促进创新和知识经济的发展。

三、贸易救济措施为了应对倾销行为，本协议规定了以下贸易救济措施： 1. 反倾销税：当一方国家发现另一方国家的商品倾销行为对其国内市场造成实质性损害时，受损方国家可以对倾销商品征收反倾销税，以抵消其造成的不公平竞争。

2. 反倾销审查：受损方国家可以要求进口国对倾销商品进行审查，确定商品是否构成倾销行为以及对应的反倾销税率。

3. 反补贴措施：除了倾销行为外，一方国家还可以采取反补贴措施应对其他国家实施的补贴行为，以保护本国产业不受损害。

四、争端解决机制本协议建立了争端解决机制，以确保双方能够以和平的方式解决贸易争端。

具体步骤如下： 1. 争端提起：一方国家认为另一方国家违反了协议的规定，可以向争端解决机构提起争端。

2. 调解与协商：争端解决机构将通过调解和协商，寻求双方达成争端解决的一致意见。

3. 专家组成立：如果争端解决机构未能调解成功，将成立专家组进行争端的详细调查，并作出相应的调查报告。

4. 争端解决意见：专家组将根据调查结果，向争端解决机构提交争端解决意见和建议，以协助双方解决争端。

5. 争端解决结果：争端解决机构将根据专家组的调查报告和意见，作出最终的争端解决结果，并双方当事国应予执行。

反倾销协议

反倾销协议AGREEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE VIOF THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE 1994Members hereby agree as follows:PART IArticle 1PrinciplesAn anti-dumping measure shall be applied only under the circumstances provided for in 1Article VI of GATT 1994 and pursuant to investigations initiated and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The following provisions governthe application of Article VI of GATT 1994 in so far as action is taken under anti-dumping legislation or regulations.Article 2Determination of Dumping2.1 For the purpose of this Agreement, a product is to be considered as being dumped, i.e. introduced into the commerce of another country at less than its normal value, if the export price of the product exported from one country to another is less than the comparable price, in the ordinary course of trade, for the like product when destined for consumption in the exporting country.2.2 When there are no sales of the like product in the ordinary course of trade in the domestic market of the exporting country or when,because of the particular market situation or the low volume 2of the sales in the domestic market of the exporting country, such sales do not permit a propercomparison, the margin of dumping shall be determined by comparison with a comparable price of the like product when exported to an appropriate third country, provided that this price is representative, or with the cost of production in the country of origin plus a reasonable amount for administrative, selling and general costs and for profits.2.2.1 Sales of the like product in the domestic market of the exporting country orsales to a third country at prices below per unit (fixed and variable) costs ofproduction plus administrative, selling and general costs may be treated asnot being in the ordinary course of trade by reason of price and may be 3disregarded in determining normal value only if the authorities determine 4that such sales are made within an extended period of time in substantial 5quantities and are at prices which do not provide for the recovery of all costswithin a reasonable period of time. If prices which are below perunit costs atthe time of sale are above weighted average per unit costs for the period ofinvestigation, such prices shall be considered to provide for recovery of costswithin a reasonable period of time.2.2.1.1 For the purpose of paragraph 2, costs shall normally be calculated on the basis ofrecords kept by the exporter or producer under investigation, provided that suchrecords are in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles of theexporting country and reasonably reflect the costs associated with the production andsale of the product under consideration. Authorities shall consider all available1 The term "initiated" as used in this Agreement means the procedural action by which a Member formally commences an investigation as provided in Article 5.2 Sales of the like product destined for consumption in the domestic market of the exporting country shall normally be considered a sufficient quantity for the determination of the normal value if such sales constitute 5 per cent or more of the sales of the product under consideration to the importing Member, provided that a lower ratio should be acceptable where the evidence demonstrates that domestic sales at such lower ratio are nonetheless of sufficient magnitude to provide for a proper comparison.3 When in this Agreement the term "authorities" is used, it shall be interpreted asmeaning authorities at an appropriate senior level. 4 The extended period of time should normally be one year but shall in no case be less than six months. 5 Sales below per unit costs are made in substantial quantities when the authorities establish that the weighted average selling price of the transactions under consideration for the determination of the normal value is below the weighted average per unit costs, or that the volume of sales below per unit costs represents not less than 20 per cent of the volume sold in transactions under consideration for the determination of the normal value.evidence on the proper allocation of costs, including that which is made available bythe exporter or producer in the course of the investigation provided that suchallocations have been historically utilized by the exporter or producer, in particular inrelation to establishing appropriate amortization and depreciation periods andallowances for capital expenditures and other development costs. Unless alreadyreflected in the cost allocations under this sub-paragraph, costs shall be adjustedappropriately for those non-recurring items of cost which benefit future and/or currentproduction, or for circumstances in which costs during the period of investigation are 6 affected by start-up operations.2.2.2 For the purpose of paragraph 2, the amounts for administrative, selling andgeneral costs and for profits shall be based on actual datapertaining toproduction and sales in the ordinary course of trade of the like product by theexporter or producer under investigation. When such amounts cannotbedetermined on this basis, the amounts may be determined on the basis of:(i) the actual amounts incurred and realized by the exporter or producer inquestion in respect of production and sales in the domestic marketof thecountry of origin of the same general category of products;(ii) the weighted average of the actual amounts incurred andrealized by otherexporters or producers subject to investigation in respect of production andsales of the like product in the domestic market of the country of origin;(iii) any other reasonable method, provided that the amount forprofit soestablished shall not exceed the profit normally realized by other exporters or producers on sales of products of the same generalcategory in the domestic market of the country of origin.2.3 In cases where there is no export price or where it appears to the authorities concerned that the export price is unreliable because of association or a compensatory arrangement between the exporter and the importer or a third party, the export price may be constructed on the basis of the price at which the imported products are first resold to an independent buyer, or if the products are not resold to an independent buyer, or not resold in the condition as imported, on such reasonable basis as the authorities may determine.2.4 A fair comparison shall be made between the export price and the normal value. This comparison shall be made at the same level of trade, normally at the ex-factory level, and in respect of sales made at as nearly as possible the same time. Due allowance shall be made in each case, on its merits, for differences which affect price comparability, including differences in conditions and terms of sale, taxation, levels of trade, quantities, physical characteristics, and any other differences which 7are also demonstrated to affect price comparability. In the cases referred to in paragraph 3,allowances for costs, including duties and taxes, incurred between importation and resale, and for profits accruing, should also be made.If in these cases price comparability has been affected, the authorities shall establish the normal value at a level of trade equivalent to the level of trade of the constructed export price, or shall make due allowance as warranted under this paragraph. The authorities shall indicate to the parties in question what information is necessary to ensure a fair comparison and shall not impose an unreasonable burden of proof on those parties.2.4.1 When the comparison under paragraph 4 requires a conversion of currencies,such conversion should be made using the rate of exchange on thedate of 8sale, provided that when a sale of foreign currency on forward markets isdirectly linked to the export sale involved, the rate of exchange in the forwardsale shall be used. Fluctuations in exchange rates shall be ignored and in an6 The adjustment made for start-up operations shall reflect thecosts at the end of the start-up period or, if that period extends beyond the period of investigation, the most recent costs which can reasonably be taken into account by the authorities during the investigation. 7 It is understood that some of the above factors may overlap, and authorities shall ensure that they do not duplicate adjustments that have been already made under this provision. 8 Normally, the date of sale would be the date of contract, purchase order, orderconfirmation, or invoice, whichever establishes the material terms of sale.investigation the authorities shall allow exporters at least 60 days to haveadjusted their export prices to reflect sustained movements in exchange ratesduring the period of investigation.2.4.2 Subject to the provisions governing fair comparison in paragraph 4, theexistence of margins of dumping during the investigation phase shall normally be established on the basis of a comparison of a weighted averagenormal value with a weighted average of prices of all comparable exporttransactions or by a comparison of normal value and export prices on atransaction-to-transaction basis. A normal value established on a weightedaverage basis may be compared to prices of individual export transactions ifthe authorities find a pattern of export prices which differ significantly amongdifferent purchasers, regions or time periods, and if an explanation isprovided as to why such differences cannot be taken into account appropriately by the use of a weighted average-to-weighted averageortransaction-to-transaction comparison.2.5 In the case where products are not imported directly from the country of origin but are exported to the importing Member from an intermediate country, the price at which the products are sold from the country of export to the importing Member shall normally be compared with the comparable price in the country of export. However, comparison may be made with the price in the country of origin, if, for example, the products are merely transshipped through the country of export, or such products are not produced in the country of export, or there is no comparable price for them in the country of export.2.6 Throughout this Agreement the term "like product" ("produit similaire") shall be interpreted to mean a product which is identical, i.e. alike in all respects to the product under consideration, or in the absence of such a product, another product which, although not alike in all respects, has characteristics closely resembling those of the product under consideration.2.7 This Article is without prejudice to the second Supplementary Provision to paragraph 1 of Article VI in Annex I to GATT 1994.Article 3 9Determination of Injury3.1 A determination of injury for purposes of Article VI of GATT 1994 shall be based on positive evidence and involve an objective examination of both (a) the volume of the dumped imports and the effect of the dumped imports on prices in the domestic market forlike products, and (b) theconsequent impact of these imports on domestic producers of such products.3.2 With regard to the volume of the dumped imports, theinvestigating authorities shall consider whether there has been a significant increase in dumped imports, either in absolute terms or relative to production or consumption in the importing Member. With regard to the effect of the dumped imports on prices, the investigating authorities shall consider whether there has been a significant price undercutting by the dumped imports as compared with the price of a like product of the importing Member, or whether the effect of such importsis otherwise to depress prices to a significant degree or prevent price increases, which otherwise would have occurred, to a significant degree. No one or several of these factors can necessarily give decisive guidance.3.3 Where imports of a product from more than one country are simultaneously subject to anti-dumping investigations, the investigating authorities may cumulatively assess the effects of such imports only if they determine that (a) the margin of dumping established in relation to the importsfrom each country is more than de minimis as defined in paragraph 8 of Article 5 and the volume ofimports from each country is not negligible and (b) a cumulative assessment of the effects of theimports is appropriate in light of the conditions of competition between the imported products and the conditions of competition between the imported products and the like domestic product.9 Under this Agreement the term "injury" shall, unless otherwise specified, be taken to mean material injury to a domestic industry, threat of material injury to a domestic industry or material retardation of the establishment of such an industry and shall be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of this Article.3.4 The examination of the impact of the dumped imports on the domestic industry concerned shall include an evaluation of all relevant economic factors and indices having a bearing on the state of the industry, including actual and potential decline in sales, profits, output, market share, productivity, return on investments, orutilization of capacity; factors affecting domestic prices; the magnitude of the margin of dumping; actual and potential negativeeffects on cash flow, inventories, employment, wages, growth, ability to raise capital or investments. This list is not exhaustive, nor can one or several of these factors necessarily give decisive guidance.3.5 It must be demonstrated that the dumped imports are, through the effects of dumping, as set forth in paragraphs 2 and 4, causing injurywithin the meaning of this Agreement. The demonstration of a causal relationship between the dumped imports and the injury to the domestic industry shall be based on an examination of all relevant evidence before the authorities. The authorities shall also examine any known factors other than the dumped imports which at the same time are injuring the domestic industry, and the injuries caused by these other factors must not be attributed to the dumped imports. Factors which may be relevant in this respect include, inter alia, the volume and prices ofimports not sold at dumping prices, contraction in demand or changes in the patterns of consumption, trade restrictive practices of and competition between the foreign and domestic producers, developments in technology and the export performance and productivity of the domestic industry.3.6 The effect of the dumped imports shall be assessed in relation to the domestic production of the like product when available data permit the separate identification of that production on the basis of such criteria as the production process, producers' sales and profits. If such separate identification of that production is not possible, the effects of the dumped imports shall be assessed by the examination of the production of the narrowest group or range of products, which includes the like product, for which the necessary information can be provided.3.7 A determination of a threat of material injury shall be based on facts and not merely on allegation, conjecture or remote possibility. The change in circumstances which would create a 10situation in whichthe dumping would cause injury must be clearly foreseen and imminent. In making a determination regarding the existence of a threat ofmaterial injury, the authorities should consider, inter alia, suchfactors as:(i) a significant rate of increase of dumped imports into the domestic market indicatingthe likelihood of substantially increased importation;(ii) sufficient freely disposable, or an imminent, substantial increase in, capacity of theexporter indicating the likelihood of substantially increased dumped exports to theimporting Member's market, taking into account the availability of other exportmarkets to absorb any additional exports;(iii) whether imports are entering at prices that will have a significant depressing orsuppressing effect on domestic prices, and would likely increase demand for furtherimports; and(iv) inventories of the product being investigated.No one of these factors by itself can necessarily give decisive guidance but the totality of the factors considered must lead to the conclusion that further dumped exports are imminent and that, unless protective action is taken, material injury would occur.3.8 With respect to cases where injury is threatened by dumped imports, the application of anti-dumping measures shall be considered and decided with special care.Article 4Definition of Domestic Industry4.1 For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "domestic industry" shall be interpreted as referring to the domestic producers as a whole of the like products or to those of them whose collective output of the products constitutes a major proportion of the total domestic production of those products, except that:10 One example, though not an exclusive one, is that there is convincing reason to believe that there will be, in the near future, substantially increased importation of the product at dumped prices.11 to the exporters or importers or are themselves importers (i) when producers are relatedof the allegedly dumped product, the term "domestic industry" may be interpreted asreferring to the rest of the producers;(ii) in exceptional circumstances the territory of a Member may, for the production inquestion, be divided into two or more competitive markets and the producers withineach market may be regarded as a separate industry if (a) the producers within suchmarket sell all or almost all of their production of the product in question in thatmarket, and (b) the demand in that market is not to any substantial degree supplied byproducers of the product in question located elsewhere in the territory. In suchcircumstances, injury may be found to exist even where a major portion of the totaldomestic industry is not injured, provided there is a concentration of dumped importsinto such an isolated market and provided further that the dumped imports are causinginjury to the producers of all or almost all of the productionwithin such market.4.2 When the domestic industry has been interpreted as referring to the producers in a certain area, 12i.e. a market as defined in paragraph 1(ii), anti-dumping duties shall be levied only on the products in question consigned for final consumption to that area. When the constitutional law of the importing Member does not permit the levying of anti-dumping duties on such a basis, the importing Member may levythe anti-dumping duties without limitation only if (a) the exporters shall have beengiven an opportunity to cease exporting at dumped prices to the area concerned or otherwise give assurances pursuant to Article 8 and adequate assurances in this regard have not been promptly given, and (b) such duties cannot be levied only on products of specific producers which supply the area in question.4.3 Where two or more countries have reached under the provisions of paragraph 8(a) of Article XXIV of GATT 1994 such a level of integration that they have the characteristics of a single, unified market, the industry in the entire area of integration shall be taken to be the domestic industry referred to in paragraph 1.4.4 The provisions of paragraph 6 of Article 3 shall be applicableto this Article.Article 5Initiation and Subsequent Investigation5.1 Except as provided for in paragraph 6, an investigation to determine the existence, degree and effect of any alleged dumping shall be initiated upon a written application by or on behalf of the domestic industry.5.2 An application under paragraph 1 shall include evidence of (a) dumping, (b) injury within themeaning of Article VI of GATT 1994 as interpreted by this Agreement and (c) a causal link betweenthe dumped imports and the alleged injury. Simple assertion, unsubstantiated by relevant evidence, cannot be considered sufficient to meet the requirements of this paragraph. The application shall contain such information as is reasonably available to the applicant on the following:(i) the identity of the applicant and a description of the volume and value of the domesticproduction of the like product by the applicant. Where a written application is madeon behalf of the domestic industry, the application shall identify the industry onbehalf of which the application is made by a list of all known domestic producers ofthe like product (or associations of domestic producers of the like product) and, to theextent possible, a description of the volume and value of domestic production of thelike product accounted for by such producers;11 For the purpose of this paragraph, producers shall be deemed tobe related to exporters or importers only if (a) one of them directly or indirectly controls the other; or (b) both of them are directly or indirectlycontrolled by a third person; or (c) together they directly or indirectly control a third person, provided that there are grounds forbelieving or suspecting that the effect of the relationship is such as to cause the producer concerned to behave differently from non-related producers. For the purpose of this paragraph, one shall be deemed to control another when the former is legally or operationally in a position to exercise restraint or direction over the latter. 12 As used in this Agreement "levy" shall mean the definitive or final legal assessment or collection of a duty or tax.(ii) a complete description of the allegedly dumped product, the names of the country orcountries of origin or export in question, the identity of each known exporter orforeign producer and a list of known persons importing the product in question;(iii) information on prices at which the product in question is sold when destined forconsumption in the domestic markets of the country or countries of origin or export(or, where appropriate, information on the prices at which the product is sold from thecountry or countries of origin or export to a third country or countries, or on theconstructed value of the product) and information on export prices or, whereappropriate, on the prices at which the product is first resold toan independent buyerin the territory of the importing Member;(iv) information on the evolution of the volume of the allegedly dumped imports, theeffect of these imports on prices of the like product in the domestic market and theconsequent impact of the imports on the domestic industry, as demonstrated byrelevant factors and indices having a bearing on the state of the domestic industry,such as those listed in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article 3.5.3 The authorities shall examine the accuracy and adequacy of the evidence provided in the application to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to justify the initiation of an investigation.5.4 An investigation shall not be initiated pursuant to paragraph 1 unless the authorities have determined, on the basis of an examination of the degree of support for, or opposition to, the 13application expressed by domestic producers of the like product, that theapplication has been made 14by or on behalf of the domestic industry. The application shall be considered to have been made"by or on behalf of the domestic industry" if it is supported by those domestic producers whose collective output constitutes more than 50 per cent of the total production of the like product produced by thatportion of the domestic industry expressing either support for or opposition to the application. However, no investigation shall be initiated when domestic producers expressly supporting the application account for less than 25 per cent of total production of the like product produced by the domestic industry.5.5 The authorities shall avoid, unless a decision has been made to initiate an investigation, any publicizing of the application for the initiation of an investigation. However, after receipt of a properly documented application and before proceeding to initiate an investigation, the authorities shall notify the government of the exporting Member concerned.5.6 If, in special circumstances, the authorities concerned decideto initiate an investigation without having received a written application by or on behalf of a domestic industry for the initiation of such investigation, they shall proceed only if they have sufficient evidence of dumping, injury and a causal link, as described in paragraph 2, to justify the initiation of an investigation.5.7 The evidence of both dumping and injury shall be considered simultaneously (a) in thedecision whether or not to initiate an investigation, and (b) thereafter, during the course of theinvestigation, starting on a date not later than the earliest dateon which in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement provisional measures may be applied.5.8 An application under paragraph 1 shall be rejected and an investigation shall be terminated promptly as soon as the authorities concerned are satisfied that there is not sufficient evidence of either dumping or of injury to justify proceeding with the case. There shall be immediate termination in cases where the authorities determine that the margin of dumping is de minimis, or that the volumeof dumped imports, actual or potential, or the injury, is negligible. The margin of dumping shall be considered to be de minimis if this margin is less than 2 per cent, expressed as a percentage of the export price. The volume of dumped imports shall normally be regarded as negligible if the volume of dumped imports from a particular country is found to account for less than 3 per cent of imports of13 In the case of fragmented industries involving an exceptionally large number of producers, authorities may determine support and opposition by using statistically valid sampling techniques. 14 Members are aware that in the territory of certain Members employees of domestic producers of the like product or representatives of those employees may make or support an application for an investigation under paragraph 1.the like product in the importing Member, unless countries which individually account for less than 3 per cent of the imports of the like product in the importing Member collectively account for more than 7 per cent of imports of the like product in the importing Member.5.9 An anti-dumping proceeding shall not hinder the procedures of customs clearance.5.10 Investigations shall, except in special circumstances, be concluded within one year, and in nocase more than 18 months, after their initiation.Article 6Evidence6.1 All interested parties in an anti-dumping investigation shall be given notice of the information which the authorities require and ample opportunity to present in writing all evidence which they consider relevant in respect of the investigation in question.6.1.1 Exporters or foreign producers receiving questionnaires usedin an anti-dumping 15investigation shall be given at least 30 days for reply. Due consideration should be given to anyrequest for an extension of the 30-day period and, upon cause shown, such an extension should be granted whenever practicable.6.1.2 Subject to the requirement to protect confidential information, evidencepresented in writing by one interested party shall be made available promptlyto other interested parties participating in the investigation.6.1.3 As soon as an investigation has been initiated, theauthorities shall provide。

WTO反倾销协议

WTO反倾销协议各成员协议如下：第一部分第一条总则反倾销措施应仅在1994年关贸总协定第六条规定的情形下实施，并按照本协议的规定发起和进行调查。

依照反倾销法或者条例采取行动而适用1994年关贸总协定第六条时，适用下列规定：第二条倾销的确定1.本协议之目的，假如一项产品从一国出口到另一国，该产品的出口价格在正常的贸易过程中，低于出口国旨在用于本国消费的同类产品的可比价格，也即以低于其正常价值进入另一国的商业，则该产品即被认为是倾销。

2.在出口国国内市场在正常贸易过程中不存在该同类产品的销售时，或者该项销售由于该市场的特定情形，或在出口国国内市场的销售量太少，而不能用于适当的比较时，则倾销幅度应通过与向一个合适的第三国出口的同类产品的可比价格(假如该价格是有代表性的话)，进行比较而确定，或者与原产地国的生产成本，加上合理数额的治理费、销售费和一样成本并加利润进行比较而确定:(a)在出口国国内市场上同类产品的销售，或者向一个第三国销售，其价格低于每单位(固定的和可变的)生产成本加上行政治理费、销售费和一样费用，其销售可作为不是由于价格原因而处在正常贸易过程中，同时只有由当局决定该项销售的专门大部分是在连续的长时期间内作出的，且该项销售的价格未能预订能够在一段合理期间内收回其全部成本的，则在确定正常价值时可不予考虑。

假如在销售时，其价格低于单项成本；但高于其在调查期间的平均单项成本，则该价格应被认为是在一段合理的期间内收回了成本；(b)本条第2款规定的成本费用，通常应依照受调查的出口商或生产商存有的记录运算，假如该记录是符合出口国普遍同意的会计原则，合理反映与生产有关的成本以及有关产品的销售。

当局应考虑全部现有的成本适当分配的证据，包括出口商或生产商在调查过程中作出的分配证据，其前提是该分配在历史上一直被出口商或生产商所使用，专门应对有关确立适当的分期付款和折旧期限、按资费用以及其它开发成本的补助费加以考虑，除非依照本款项规定已在成本分配中得到反映，否则成本应对那些有利于今后或当前生产的非经常性项目成本作出适当的调整，或者对在调查期间成本费用因刚开始生产而受到阻碍的情形作出适当的调整。

第16章《反倾销协议》

2.2 实体规则与程序性规则
Economics School of Jilin University
2. 进口方申请人资格必须具备的两条互补标准：第一，支持申请的生产商必须占提出支持或反对申请的生产商产量的50%以上。；第二，支持申请的生产商应至少占该产业总产量的 25%。目的是强调损害影响的广泛性，确保该申请是“由国内产业或能够代表国内产业”的具备一定代表性的企业发起。
三、案例中美镀铬螺母案
Economics School of Jilin University
二、进展与结果
美国派官员去大陆和台湾实地调查。在大陆的调查中，美国官员着重调查生产作业的“市场经济导向”问题，以确定在终裁中是采用中国厂家的生产成本价格，还是象以往所有涉及中国的反倾销一样，采用“替代国” 的成本价格作为裁定倾销的标准。经广泛调查和中方的大量举证，美国商务部在终裁中推翻了初裁，改变以前全部采用“替代国”价格的惯例，承认中国的“市场经济因素”，采用中国厂家的主要生产要素价格，仅采用巴基斯坦的劳动力费和一般管理费用，从而使中国螺母的倾销幅度急剧下降至 4.24%。
三、案例中美镀铬螺母案
Economics School of Jilin University
三、案件评析
1、法律的功用在于为守法者提供明确的、可预见的合法行为标准，而“替代国”方式根本不具备可预见性，一个所谓“非市场经济国”的生产商不可能预见将来哪个第三国将被美国商务部择为“替代国”，因此就无法确定某一产品在美国市场上的合理价格，以避免其倾销诉讼。
2.2 实体规则与程序性规则
Economics School of Jilin University

第8节反倾销协议

•WTO的反倾销协议，法律定义更加准确，程序更 WTO的反倾销协议法律定义更加准确，的反倾销协议，
规范，限制更严格，适用于所有成员。规范，限制更严格，适用于所有成员。
•对经裁决确认的倾销，可采用出口商进行价格承对经裁决确认的倾销，
诺或进口成员征收反倾销税的方式加以纠正。诺或进口成员征收反倾销税的方式加以纠正。
7
第五章货物贸易的多边协议
(二)18世纪下叶至19世纪70年代 )18世纪下叶至19世纪70年代世纪下叶至19世纪70 这一时期大部分时间里英国几乎是惟一的倾销国。直到19世这一时期大部分时间里英国几乎是惟一的倾销国。直到19世 19 纪后期，纪后期，法、德、美等国也完成了工业革命，并开始对外进美等国也完成了工业革命，行倾销。相应地，国际反倾销也经历了类似的过程。行倾销。相应地，国际反倾销也经历了类似的过程。 (三)19世纪70年代至一次大战 )19世纪70年代至一次大战世纪70 第二个工业化高潮，资本主义从自由竞争向垄断过渡的时期，第二个工业化高潮，资本主义从自由竞争向垄断过渡的时期，加之贸易保护主义盛行，加之贸易保护主义盛行，历史地为国际倾销的盛行创造了条件。倾销在这一时期的国际贸易中达到了空前的程度。1906 倾销在这一时期的国际贸易中达到了空前的程度。
8
第五章货物贸易的多边协议
进行倾销的国家显著增多。 1．进行倾销的国家显著增多。倾销产品范围扩大，几乎涉及各个工业部门。 2．倾销产品范围扩大，几乎涉及各个工业部门。 1904年加拿大“海关关税法则” 1904年加拿大“海关关税法则”，在世界上首次系年加拿大受到倾销指责的国家，除英此后其他国家纷纷效仿。统地规定了反倾销措施国外，还几乎包括当时所有。。此后其他国家纷纷效仿

倾销原理与反倾销规则(PPT)文档

求量对价格反映缺乏弹性来维持国内市场垄断高
价.补贴对外的损失.
(3) 各国时常相互独立和分割.
2019/6/20
9
5.2 反倾销规则
5.2.1倾销的构成要件
(1)产品以低于正常价值或公平价值的价格销售；
(2)这种低价销售的行为给进口国产业造成损害，包括实质性损害或实质性威胁；
(3)损害是由低价销售造成的，二者存在因果关系。
式进行比较。
出口价格在不同的购买人、地区、时期之间存在
很大差异，按照前款规定的方法难以比较的，可
20以19/将6/20加权平均正常价值与单一出口1交8 易的价
最低倾销幅度
《反倾销协议》规定，某一特定国家的被控倾销
产品的倾销幅度小于2％时，其对进口国的产业的
影响可以忽略不计，这里，小于2％倾销幅度就是
同样的产品，即在所有方面都跟该产品相似的产
品；或在缺乏这一产品时,那些虽然不能在所有方
面相同,但具有和所调查产品非常近似的特征的其
他产品.
2019/6/20
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(3)损害的界定
反倾销中的损害指因倾销的存在对某一“国内产
业”造成了重大损害、形成重大损害的威胁或对某
一产业的建立造成严重的阻碍。
确定进口国“国内产业”遭到了损害是进口国对倾
销产品征收反倾销税的另一个主要条件。
“国内产业”的认定-“国内产业”是指出口国国内生
产相同或类似产品的生产者全体。或虽不构成全
体，但构成其国内生产相同或类似产品产业
2019/的6/20大
21
(2)相似产品的界定
“相同或类似产品”，指那些与被调查的进口产品
第5章倾销原理与反倾销规则

简述乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》的主要内容

简述乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》的主要内容乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》1. 引言乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》是由世界贸易组织（WTO）于1986年启动的多边贸易谈判中达成的关于反倾销措施的国际协议。

该协议的主要目的是为了确保国际贸易中正常竞争的原则得到遵守，保护贸易利益受到不正当的倾销行为的损害。

2. 反倾销措施的定义和目的•反倾销措施是指国家为了保护本国产业免受倾销行为的侵害而采取的贸易限制措施。

•反倾销措施的目的是为了防止倾销商品对本国产业造成损害，维护本国产业的竞争力和正常贸易秩序。

3. 反倾销调查程序反倾销调查的申请•任何WTO成员都有权向WTO提出反倾销调查申请，对疑似倾销行为的商品展开调查。

•反倾销调查申请需要提供充足的证据，并符合与倾销行为相关的法律和法规。

调查程序•初步调查阶段：调查机构对反倾销申请进行初步调查，确认是否有足够证据支持继续展开调查。

•详细调查阶段：如果初步调查得出有充足证据的结论，调查机构将展开详细调查，并向相关各方收集信息和证据。

•最终裁决阶段：基于详细调查的结果，调查机构将作出最终裁决，并决定是否对倾销国实施反倾销措施。

4. 反倾销措施的实施和限制反倾销措施的种类•反倾销税：对倾销商品征收额外的进口税。

•反倾销配额：限制倾销商品的进口数量。

•反倾销价格承诺：倾销国同意将商品的价格提高到合理的水平。

反倾销措施的限制•反倾销措施必须符合国际贸易规则的规定，如不得歧视性地对待不同国家的商品。

•反倾销措施的实施必须经过世界贸易组织的审议和批准。

5. 争议解决机制如果倾销国对反倾销措施存在异议，可以通过世界贸易组织的争议解决机制进行解决。

争议解决机制将确保反倾销措施的合法性和公平性。

6. 结论乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》为国际贸易中反倾销措施的实施和限制提供了明确的指导原则和程序。

该协议的实施有助于维护国际贸易的公平竞争环境，保护贸易利益，促进经济发展。

7. 实际应用和挑战在实际应用中的挑战•反倾销调查程序复杂且耗时，可能导致行为的损害已发生而无法及时采取有效措施。

反倾销措施协议ppt课件

▪ 确定实质性损害必须综合考虑以下因素：
➢倾销进口产品的数量是否大量增加；
➢是否造成进口方境内相同产品大幅降价销售或产生价格严重抑制；
➢对进口方境内相同产业的影响：对销售、利润、产量、市场份额、设备利用率、库存、就业、工资等诸多因素的实际或潜在影响及其程度。
烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人
▪ 实质损害威胁指进口方的有关产业虽尚未受到实质损害，但可以明显预见倾销将对相关产业造成实质性损害，且这种情形非常迫近。
▪ 对实质损害威胁的确定应依据事实，而不是依据指控、推测或极小的可能性。这些事实包括：
烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人
▪ 第二，结构价格，即用出口方生产产品的各项投入的数量，按一个市场经济国家的价格计算出该产品的成本，然后再加上相应的管理费用和利润；
▪ 第三，相似产品在进口方的销售价格，在无法使用上述两种方法确定进口产品的正常价值时，进口当局将使用相似产品在进口方的销售价格确定来自非市场经济国家产品的正常价值。
烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人
▪ 第一节贸易救济措施协议 ▪ 第二节非关税措施协议 ▪ 第三节部门协议
烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人

反倾销协议书范本

反倾销协议书范本
甲方（倾销方）：[甲方全称]
地址：[甲方地址]
法定代表人：[甲方法定代表人姓名]
乙方（反倾销方）：[乙方全称]
地址：[乙方地址]
法定代表人：[乙方法定代表人姓名]
鉴于甲方在[具体市场]市场销售的商品存在倾销行为，乙方作为该市
场的合法经营者，为保护自身合法权益，双方本着平等互利的原则，
经协商一致，达成如下反倾销协议：
一、甲方承认其在[具体市场]市场销售的商品存在倾销行为，并愿意
采取措施纠正。

二、甲方承诺自本协议签订之日起，立即停止所有倾销行为，并保证
今后不再进行任何形式的倾销活动。

三、为补偿乙方因甲方倾销行为所遭受的损失，甲方同意向乙方支付
补偿金，金额为[具体金额]，支付方式为[支付方式]，支付时间为[支付时间]。

四、甲方同意在本协议签订后[具体时间]内，调整其商品在[具体市场]市场的销售价格，使之不低于[具体价格]，以确保公平竞争。

五、甲方承诺在今后的经营活动中，严格遵守[具体市场]市场的法律
法规，维护市场秩序，保证商品质量和服务水平。

六、乙方同意在收到甲方支付的补偿金后，不再追究甲方因倾销行为而产生的任何法律责任。

七、双方同意，如甲方违反本协议的任何条款，乙方有权要求甲方支付违约金，金额为[具体金额]。

八、本协议一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

九、本协议自双方签字盖章之日起生效。

甲方（盖章）：[甲方公司章]
法定代表人签字：[甲方法定代表人签字]
日期：[签订日期]
乙方（盖章）：[乙方公司章]
法定代表人签字：[乙方法定代表人签字]
日期：[签订日期]。

反倾销税支付担保协议书

反倾销税支付担保协议书本协议书（以下简称“协议”）由以下各方于协商一致后签署：甲方: _________________________（以下简称“出口商”）地址: _________________________电话: _________________________乙方: _________________________（以下简称“进口商”）地址: _________________________电话: _________________________丙方: _________________________（以下简称“保证人”）地址: _________________________电话: _________________________鉴于，1. 出口商与进口商已就某特定商品（以下简称“产品”）的销售事宜达成一致；2. 该产品因存在反倾销行为而需要支付反倾销税；3. 出口商无法承担反倾销税的支付但愿意委托保证人提供担保；4. 保证人同意接受出口商的委托提供担保，并承担特定条件和义务；综上所述，各方一致同意根据以下条款达成本协议:第一条担保范围保证人同意为出口商提供反倾销税的支付担保，保证担保金额不超过_______________（大写）人民币。

该担保金额根据进口商应支付的反倾销税计算而得。

第二条担保条件1. 出口商应向保证人提供进口商的相关信息，包括但不限于进口商的证件、税务登记和进口记录等。

2. 出口商应及时提供进口商应支付的反倾销税金额，并于支付到相关税务部门后的五个工作日内向保证人提供支付凭证。

3. 出口商应承担对进口商因反倾销税而产生的任何损失或索赔的追偿责任。

第三条保证人义务保证人同意：1. 对于出口商因进口商未按时支付反倾销税而产生的损失，保证在出口商提出要求后的十五个工作日内向出口商偿付该等损失金额；2. 在支付相应损失金额后，保证人有权向进口商追偿其应支付的反倾销税；3. 如进口商在合理期限内未按照协议约定向出口商支付反倾销税，保证人有权采取法律行动以保护出口商的权益；4. 保证人享有对进口商所有可能的反倾销税追偿权利的优先权。

反倾销协议-12页文档资料

反倾销协议书范本

ADP-反倾销协议14页word

反倾销协议书

《反倾销协议》.doc

反倾销协议

wto反倾销协议

反倾销协议书

反倾销协议

WTO反倾销协议

第16章《反倾销协议》

第8节反倾销协议

最新反倾销措施协议精品课件

倾销原理与反倾销规则(PPT)文档

简述乌拉圭回合《反倾销协议》的主要内容

反倾销措施协议ppt课件

反倾销协议书范本

反倾销税支付担保协议书