文献翻译-模具的历史发展

附录A英文参考资料

1 Die position in industrial production

Mold is a high-volume products with the shape tool, is the main process of industrial production equipment.

采用模具生产零部件，具有生产效率高、质量好、成本低、节约能源和原材料等一系列优点，用模具生产制件所具备的高精度、高复杂程度、高一致性、高生产率和低消耗，是其他加工制造方法所不能比With mold components, with high efficiency, good quality, low cost, saving energy and raw materials and a series of advantages, with the mold workpieces possess high accuracy, high complexity, high consistency, high productivity and low consumption , other manufacturing methods can not match. 已成为当代工业生产的重要手段和工艺发展方向。Have already become an important means of industrial production and technological development. 现代经济的基础工The basis of the modern industrial economy. 现代工业品的发展和技术水平的提高，很大程度上取决于模具工业的发展水平，因此模具工业对国民经济和社会发展将起越来越大的作用。

The development of modern industrial and technological level depends largely on the level of industrial development die, so die industry to national economic and social development will play an increasing role. 1989 年3 月国务院颁布的《关于当前产业政策要点的决定》中，把模具列为机械工业技术改造序列的第一位、生产和基本建设序列的第二位( 仅次于大型发电设备及相应的输变电设备) ，确立模具工业在国民经济中的重要地位。March 1989 the State Council promulgated "on the current industrial policy decision points" in the mold as the machinery industry transformation sequence of the first, production and capital construction of the second sequence (after the large-scale power generation equipment and the corresponding power transmission equipment), establish tooling industry in an important position in the national economy. 1997 年以来，又相继把模具及其加工技术和设备列入了《当前国家重点鼓励发展的产业、产品和技术目录》和《鼓励外商投资产业目录》。Since 1997, they have to mold and its processing technology and equipment included in the "current national focus on encouraging the

development of industries, products and technologies catalog" and "to encourage foreign investment industry directory." 经国务院批准，从1997 年到2000 年，对80 多家国有专业模具厂实行增值税返还70% 的优惠政策，以扶植模具工业的发展。Approved by the State Council, from 1997 to 2000, more than 80 professional mold factory owned 70% VAT refund of preferential policies to support mold industry. 所有这些，都充分体现了国务院和国家有关部门对发展模具工业的重视和支持。All these have fully demonstrated the development of the State Council and state departments tooling industry attention and support. 目前全世界模具年产值约为600 亿美元，日、美等工业发达国家的模具工业产值已超过机床工业，从1997 年开始，我国模具工业产值也超过了机床工业产值。Mold around the world about the current annual output of 60 billion U.S. dollars, Japan, the United States and other industrialized countries die of industrial output value of more than machine tool industry, beginning in 1997, China's industrial output value has exceeded the mold machine tool industry output.

据统计，在家电、玩具等轻工行业，近90 ％的零件是综筷具生产的；在飞机、汽车、农机和无线电行业，这个比例也超过60 ％。According to statistics, home appliances, toys and other light industries, nearly 90% of the parts are integrated with production of chopsticks; in aircraft, automobiles, agricultural machinery and radio industries, the proportion exceeded 60%. 例如飞机制造业，某型战斗机模具使用量超过三万套，其中主机八千套、发动机二千套、辅机二万套。Such as aircraft manufacturing, the use of a certain type of fighter dies more than 30,000 units, of which the host 8000 sets, 2000 sets of engines, auxiliary 20 000 sets. 从产值看，80 年代以来，美、日等工业发达国家模具行业的产值已超过机床行业，并又有继续增长的趋势。From the output of view, since the 80's, the United States, Japan and other industrialized countries die industry output value has exceeded the machine tool industry, and there are still rising. 据国际生产技术协会预测，到2000 年，产品尽件粗加工的75% 、精加工的50 ％将由模具完成；金属、塑料、陶瓷、橡胶、建材等工业制品大部分将由模具完成，50 ％以上的金属板材、80 ％以上的塑料都特通过模具转化成制品。Production technology, according to the International Association predicts that in 2000, the product best pieces of rough 75%, 50% will be finished mold completed; metals, plastics, ceramics, rubber, building materials and other industrial products, most of the mold will be completed in