2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：75

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2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：43

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The teacher was in a rage with him, for his handwriting in the composition was （） .问题1选项A.illegibleB.incomprehensibleC.inaudibleD.decipherable【答案】A【解析】illegible难以辨认的, 字迹潦草的；incomprehensible费解的, 不可思议的；inaudible听不见的；decipherable可辨认的, 可解密的。

句意：老师对他很生气, 因为他的作文字迹潦草。

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题______ to tell us that the interest of the individual should be subordinate to that of the collective?问题1选项A.Were you usedB.Are you usedC.Did you useD.Do you used【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。

句意：你不是经常告诉我们个人的利益应该从属于集体的利益吗？sb. used to do“某人过去常常做某事”，其一般疑问句为did sb. use to do；sb. be used to (doing) sth.“习惯于（做）某事”，其一般疑问句为be动词提前；be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。

结合语境，这里指的是过去常常告诉我们某事，C选项Did you use符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

3.单选题In North America, the first canoes were constructed from logs and（）by means of wooden paddles.问题1选项A.dockedB.propelledC.chokedD.perceived【答案】B【解析】dock使靠码头；propel推进, 驱使；choke阻塞, 抑制；perceive觉察, 感知。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：69

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Nylon is a (n)（）material; it can be used to make a great many things.问题1选项poundB.imitationC.versatileD.crystal【答案】C【解析】compound复合的；imitation人造的，仿制的；versatile多用的，万能的；crystal水晶的，透明的。

根据下句：尼龙可以用来做很多东西，说明尼龙用途广泛，选项C符合句意。

2.单选题Companies spend millions of dollars on ads and commercials, trying to（）the American public into purchasing their products.问题1选项A.misplaceB.mockC.maneuverD.manifest【答案】C【解析】misplace放错地方；mock嘲笑；maneuver 调动, 调遣；manifest证明, 显示。

句意：公司花费数百万美元在广告和商业上, 试图调动美国民众购买他们的产品。

选项C符合句意。

3.单选题The great flames（）through the darkness.问题1选项A.glaredB.shoneC.shotD.flared【答案】D【解析】glare怒视，瞪眼；shine闪耀，多指光照，光线等；shoot射击；flare闪耀，多指火焰等。

句意：巨大的火焰在夜空中闪耀。

所以选项D正确。

4.单选题I think she hurt my feelings（）rather than by accident as she claimed.问题1选项A.virtuallyB.literallyC.appropriatelyD.deliberately【答案】D【解析】根据下半句“rather than by accident..”可推测, “我认为她是故意伤害我的感情而不是她声称的偶然伤害”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：93

根据下句：尼龙可以用来做很多东西，说明尼龙用途广泛，选项C符合句意。

2.单选题We shall probably never be able to（） the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.问题1选项A.assertrmC.ascertainD.notify 【答案】C【解析】assert断言，声称；inform通知；ascertain探明，确定；notify通知，公布。

句意：我们可能永远无法确定这些亚原子粒子的确切性质。

选项C符合句意。

3.单选题Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera through the videoconferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical （1） can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very （2） and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the（3） behind bandwidth, latency and isochrony which are used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is（4） in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your （5） will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note （6） expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meeting are made more（7）by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot （8） . （9）, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to （10） essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.问题1选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题2选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题3选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题4选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题5选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题6选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.conceptsM.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题7选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题8选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题9选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题10选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.conceptsM.picturesN.increasinglyO.important【答案】第1题:C第2题:I第3题:L第4题:O第5题:G第6题:E第7题:B第8题:F第9题:N第10题:J【解析】（1）分析句子结构可知填空处应填入名词, 再由句意可知, 被拍摄且传输应该是images, 所以选项C正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：46

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some educators try to put students of similar abilities into the same class because they believe this kind of（） grouping is advisable.问题1选项A.homogeneousB.instantaneousC.spontaneousD.anonymous【答案】A【解析】homogeneous同质的；instantaneous瞬间的；spontaneous自发的；anonymous匿名的。

句意：一些教育工作者试图把能力相似的学生放在同一个班级，因为他们认为这种同质分组是可取的。

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题______ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.问题1选项A.WhatB.AsC.ItD.That【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：人们普遍认为，经济增长取决于生产的顺利发展。

as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。

B选项As符合题意，其余选项语法错误。

因此B选项正确。

3.单选题Many years had（） before they returned to their original urban areas.问题1选项A.floatedB.elapsedC.precededD.proceeded【答案】B【解析】float漂流；elapse时间流逝；precede领先，在…之前；proceed开始，继续进行。

句意：许多年过去了，他们才回到原来的城市。

这里指时间流逝，所以选项B正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：74

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Professor Hawking is（）as one of the world’s greatest living physicists.问题1选项A.dignifiedB.clarifiedC.acknowledgedD.illustrated【答案】C【解析】dignify使高贵，授予荣誉；clarify澄清，阐明；acknowledge承认，认可；illustrate阐明，举例。

句意：霍金教授被公认是当今世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。

选项C符合语境。

2.翻译题参与并取胜，这就是奥林匹克精神。

他表现于弱者勇于向强者挑战，也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩。

胜而又胜，优而更优，这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进。

有人说竞技者终宄会是失败者，即使是最佳运动员也终将被更强者淘汰。

成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者，这个胜利者最终仍将被取代，挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。

然而运动员却从不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧，仍然力争最佳发挥。

【答案】To participate and to win—that is the Olympic spirit. It finds expression in the weak daring to defy the strong, and the strong striving for ever better performance. Ever better—the ideal always luring a sportsman forward. It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated—even the best is bound to be surpassed by someone still stronger. Thousands of losers set off one victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honor list. This is the rule of sports. However, undaunted by the inevitable failure, he is always striving to do the best he can.3.单选题He gave us an（）consent to take the apples, for he smiled when he saw us do it问题1选项A.exaggeratedB.implicitC.impartialD.extravagant【答案】B【解析】exaggerated夸张的；implicit含蓄的, 暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的, 浪费的。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：55

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The garden looked as if it ______ for years.问题1选项A.wasn’t wateredB.didn’t waterC.hasn’t wateredD.hadn’t been watered【答案】D【解析】考查时态。

句意：这花园看起来多年未浇水。

looked为一般过去时，浇水的动作发生在过去的过去，侧重未浇水的结果，用过去完成时；结合花园被浇水确定用被动语态，D选项hadn’t been watered 符合题意。

因此D选项正确。

2.单选题A magician’s talk creates a（）of attention so that people do not see how he does his tricks. 问题1选项A.vacuumB.concentrationC.divisionD.diversion 【答案】D【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division区分；diversion转移，分散注意力。

句意：魔术师的谈话转移了人们的注意力，使人们看不见他是如何表演魔术的。

选项D符合句意。

3.单选题Whatever the causes, the English by the end of the year 2050 will have been more widely spoken and written than any other language ______.问题1选项A.ever wasB.had ever beenC.would ever beD.has ever been【答案】D【解析】考查时态。

句意：不管原因是什么，到2050年年底，英语的使用和书写将比现在任何其他语言都要广泛。

will have been是将来完成时，此句表示英语在未来会比到目前为止在用的任何一门语言都应用广泛，形容其他语言的动词应该用现在完成时，D选项has ever been符合题意。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：80

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In Briton the robin is a small bird, but its（）in America is much large.问题1选项A.speciesB.counterpartC.analogyD.category【答案】A【解析】句意：在英国知更鸟是一种小鸟, 但在美国它的物种要大得多。

species物种, 种类；counterpart 相似物；analogy 类比, 类似；category种类, 分类。

选项A形容生物种类, 所以选项A正确。

2.单选题Saving money regularly during one’s working years will help to（）one’s old age from want.问题1选项A.safeguardB.assureC.guardD.guarantee 【答案】A【解析】safeguard保护，保卫；assure保证，确保；guard防卫；guarantee保证，担保。

safeguard...from...为固定搭配，表示“保护...使免于...”，句意：工作的时候定期存钱，有助于老年时期免受贫困之苦。

选项A符合句意。

3.单选题Even sensible men do（） things sometimes.问题1选项A.abruptB.absurdC.acuteD.apt【答案】B【解析】abrupt生硬的，唐突的；absurd荒谬的，可笑的；acute严重的，激烈的；apt恰当的，灵敏的。

句意：即使明智的人有时也会做荒唐的事。

选项B符合语境。

4.单选题A magician’s talk creates a（）of attention so that people do not see how he does his tricks. 问题1选项A.vacuumB.concentrationC.divisionD.diversion【答案】D【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division区分；diversion转移，分散注意力。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：39

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题She should have been here but she’s ______ flu that is going around recently.问题1选项A.gone through withB.gone down withe in fore up against【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。

A选项gone through with“将（决定的事）做了”；B选项gone down with“得病”；C选项come in for“遭到（批评），受到（指责）”；D选项come up against“面临，碰到”。

句意：她本应该来的，但她______最近肆意横行的流感。

这里对流感进行搭配，B选项gone down with“得病”符合题意。

因此B选项正确。

2.单选题Stevenson found no（）to carry on the work of his father.问题1选项A.aptitudeB.reactionC.arrangementD.polarization【答案】C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONEaptitude天资, 自然倾向；reaction反应；arrangement安排, 打算；polarization两极化。

have no arrangement to do“没有……的打算”, 选项C符合句意。

3.单选题The virus is usually blood-borne and may ______ almost any organ in the body.问题1选项A.patronizeB.infectC.engraveD.enroll【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：78

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A magician’s talk creates a（）of attention so that people do not see how he does his tricks. 问题1选项A.vacuumB.concentrationC.divisionD.diversion【答案】D【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division区分；diversion转移，分散注意力。

句意：魔术师的谈话转移了人们的注意力，使人们看不见他是如何表演魔术的。

选项D符合句意。

2.单选题Originally designed as work clothes for miners, jeans are now worm by all segments of society, their appeal ______ by their comfort and affordability.问题1选项A.overwhelmedB.corrodedplicatedD.broadened 【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项overwhelmed“（感情或感觉）充溢，难以禁受；击败，征服”；B选项corroded“腐蚀，侵蚀”；C选项complicated“使复杂”；D选项broadened“扩宽，扩大”。

句意：牛仔裤最初是为矿工设计的工作服，现在受到社会各阶层的追捧，它的吸引力因为舒适和实惠的特点而______。

这里要填的是牛仔裤的吸引力因为舒适和实惠的特点而怎么样，D选项broadened“扩宽，扩大”符合题意，也对应前面牛仔裤受欢迎的特点。

因此D选项正确。

3.单选题The elegant decorations （）the gym into a starlit ballroom.问题1选项A.transplantedB.transferredC.transcendedD.transformed【答案】D【解析】transplant移植, 迁移；transfer转让, 移交；transcend胜过, 超越；transform改变, 转换。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：99

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Economic liberalism was the prevailing economic philosophy in much of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the U.S. economy developed within its framework. Economic liberalism promoted freedom of action for the individual and the firm through the doctrines of free trade, self-interest, private property, laissez-faire, and competition.According to this philosophy, individuals were free to seek their own occupations, to enter any business, and to act as they saw fit to improve their economic welfare. Economic society was held together by self-interest. Self-interest was thus the motivating force of the economy. For example, to increase personal economic welfare, an individual might decide to produce goods and sell them for profit. But in so doing, that individual automatically benefited the community as well—by purchasing raw materials, providing employment, and supplying goods or services. A worker seeking increase his or her wages could do so by increasing productivity. This, too, benefited the employer and the community in general. According to Adam Smith, the individual, in seeking personal gain, was led by an invisible hand to promote the welfare of the whole community.Competition was the regulation of the economy under economic liberalism. Business competed with one another for consumer trade by developing new and better products and by selling existing products at lower prices. Free entry into the market ensured adequate competition, and prices were determined by the free forces of supply and demand. Competitive foresees determined not only the prices of goods and services bust also wage rates.Since a beneficial self-interest was the motivating and driving force of the economy and since competition was to serve as the regulator of the economy, a policy of laissez-faire prevailed. According to this policy, the government kept its hands off the economic activities of individuals and businesses. Its economic rolls were strictly to protect private property, to enforce contracts, and to act as a judge in economic disputes.1.Concerning “economic liberalism”, which of the following is true?2.According to the passage, people exchange goods and services in order to （）.3.Which of the following is the best interpretation for Adam Smith’s theory?petitive forces have the following functions except （）.5.According to the policy of laissez-faire, the government should （）.问题1选项A.It was an influential philosophy in the 19th and 20th centuries.B.The development of the U.S. as a nation owes much to this philosophy.C.It is about the freedom of action in the field of economic.D.It is about the doctrines of private-sector economy.问题2选项A.satisfy the needs of other peopleB.satisfy their own needsC.form a societyD.promote division of labor问题3选项A.Individuals are keen on their own interestB.In their sub-consciousness, people wish to serve the communityC.In pursing their self-interest, individuals bring benefits to society.D.The individuals’ economic behavior is regulated by s ome invisible being.问题4选项A.forcing the businesses to develop new and better productsB.giving every individual a fair chance of a better jobC.to help determine the process of goods and servicesD.to help regulate the wages of people employed问题5选项A.frequently intervene the marketB.strictly regulate the marketC.given the market much freedomD.intervene the market only when it likes【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知, 选项A表述不准确, 应该是19世纪以及20世纪初期；选项B“owes much to this philos ophy”在文中没有提及；根据第一段最后一句“Economic liberalism promoted freedom of action for the individual and the firm...”可知选项C正确, 选项D错误。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：88

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Though fined several times, he still （）no importance to his old habits.问题1选项A.adheresB.clingsC.sticksD.attaches【答案】D【解析】attach importance to为固定搭配, 意为“重视, 注意”。

句意：尽管被罚了几次款, 他仍然不重视他的旧习惯。

选项D符合句意。

2.单选题Nylon is a (n)（）material; it can be used to make a great many things.问题1选项poundB.imitationC.versatileD.crystal 【答案】C【解析】compound复合的；imitation人造的，仿制的；versatile多用的，万能的；crystal水晶的，透明的。

根据下句：尼龙可以用来做很多东西，说明尼龙用途广泛，选项C符合句意。

3.单选题I shall tell him the truth, ______.问题1选项A.no matter whether he likes it or notB.whether he likes it or notC.no matter he likes it or notD.whether he would like it or not【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。

句意：不管他喜不喜欢，我都会告诉他真相。

no matter与疑问词who，what，where，when，how，if，whether等连用，意为“无论，不管”，可引导让步状语从句，A选项no matter whether he likes it or not符合题意。

B选项中whether意思为“（表示迟疑或两个可能性之间的选择）是否”，不符合语境；C选项中no matter意思为“不要紧”，用法错误；D选项中whether用法错误。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The sunrise as seen from the top of Mount Tai is tremendous（）.问题1选项A.sceneryB.spectacleC.grandeurndscape【答案】B【解析】scenery风景，景色；spectacle奇观，壮观；grandeur壮丽，庄严，宏伟；landscape 风景，山水画。

句意：从泰山顶上看日出是一幅壮观的景象。

选项C一般指建筑，所以选项B更符合语境。

2.单选题There’s ______ when we shall meet again.问题1选项A.not knowB.no knowingC.not to knowD.never knowing 【答案】B【解析】考查固定句型。

句意：我们什么时候再见面还不知道。

考查there be句型，横线处应该填名词，knowing是动名词，B选项no knowing正确，A选项not know和C选项not to know错误。

结合语境，这里没有永远都不知道的意思，D选项never knowing错误。

因此B选项正确。

3.单选题In studying social groups, sociologists often gain （） through the use of such devices as questionnaires.问题1选项A.assessB.credibilityC.understandingD.insight【答案】A【解析】gain access （to）为固定搭配, 意为“接近, 获得权限, 得到（信息, 资源等）”, 这里省略了介词to。

选项A正确。

4.单选题In Briton the robin is a small bird, but its（）in America is much large.问题1选项A.speciesB.counterpartC.analogyD.category【答案】A【解析】句意：在英国知更鸟是一种小鸟, 但在美国它的物种要大得多。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：52

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If you stand on top of a cliff booking down a deep valley, you’ll feel（）.问题1选项A.uncomfortableB.dizzyC.sickD.feeble【答案】B【解析】uncomfortable不舒服的；dizzy头晕目眩的；sick恶心的；feeble虚弱的。

句意：如果你站在悬崖顶端往下看深谷，你会感到头晕目眩。

选项B更符合语境。

2.单选题Even sensible men do（） things sometimes.问题1选项A.abruptB.absurdC.acuteD.apt 【答案】B【解析】abrupt生硬的，唐突的；absurd荒谬的，可笑的；acute严重的，激烈的；apt恰当的，灵敏的。

句意：即使明智的人有时也会做荒唐的事。

选项B符合语境。

3.单选题I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of my presence as I ______.问题1选项A.was of hisB.was of himC.did himD.did of his【答案】A【解析】考查句子省略。

句意：我盯着他阴沉的脸，想知道他是否注意到我的存在，正如我知道他的存在一样。

as到句尾是状语从句，从句还原为as I was as aware of his presence，这里和前面if引导的宾语从句部分重复，故省略重复的部分，A选项was of his符合题意。

其余选项语法错误。

因此A选项正确。

4.单选题Crops dies during the（）, resulting in famine throughout the country.问题1选项A.adversityB.disasterC.droughtD.calamity【答案】C【解析】adversity灾难，逆境，不幸；disaster灾祸；drought干旱；calamity 灾难，不幸事件。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：58

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Stevenson found no（）to carry on the work of his father.问题1选项A.aptitudeB.reactionC.arrangementD.polarization【答案】C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONEaptitude天资, 自然倾向；reaction反应；arrangement安排, 打算；polarization两极化。

have no arrangement to do“没有……的打算”, 选项C符合句意。

2.单选题What you say now is not（） with what you said last week.问题1选项A.consistentB.persistentC.permanentD.insistent【答案】A【解析】consistent一致的；persistent固执的；permanent永久的，不变的；insistent坚持的。

句意：你现在所说的与你上星期所说的不一致。

选项A符合句意。

3.单选题At the height of the financial crisis, all they could do was ______ and hope that conditions would improve.问题1选项A.hold onB.get alongC.get onD.look on【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项hold on“坚持；稍等”；B选项get along“与……和睦相处”；C选项get on“继续做；开始做”；D选项look on“把……当作”。

句意：在金融危机最严重的时候，他们能做的只有______，并希望情况会有所改善。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：34

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, no the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function. It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的)patterns within which human violence has been directed.The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more responsibility society takes for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffuses. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.1.Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that（）.2.The function of legal systems, according to the passage is（）.3.What does the author mean by saying “...in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused” (Lines 5-6, Para 2)?4.The world “allegiance” (Line 5, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to（）.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph? 问题1选项A.it threatens the existing social systemsB.it is influenced by societyC.it has roots in religious conflictsD.it is directed against institutions of law问题2选项A.to control violence within a societyB.to protect the world from chaosC.to free society from the idea of revengeD.to give the government absolute power.问题3选项A.Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B.Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.C.Victims of violence fond it more difficult to take revenge.D.Punishment is not dried out directly by the individuals involved.问题4选项A.loyaltyB.objectiveC.survivalD.motive问题5选项ernments tend to abuse their supreme power in times of war.B.In times of war, governments may extend their power across national borders.C.In times of war, governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.ernments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：19

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I shall tell him the truth, ______.问题1选项A.no matter whether he likes it or notB.whether he likes it or notC.no matter he likes it or notD.whether he would like it or not【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。

句意：不管他喜不喜欢，我都会告诉他真相。

no matter与疑问词who，what，where，when，how，if，whether等连用，意为“无论，不管”，可引导让步状语从句，A选项no matter whether he likes it or not符合题意。

因此A选项正确。

2.单选题The garden looked as if it ______ for years.问题1选项A.wasn’t wateredB.didn’t waterC.hasn’t wateredD.hadn’t been watered【答案】D【解析】考查时态。

句意：这花园看起来多年未浇水。

因此D选项正确。

3.单选题Modem industry is based on the （） of the maximum production at the lowest cost.问题1选项A.planB.projectC.conceptionD.idea【答案】C【解析】句意：现代产业所基于的理念是低成本高产量。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：94

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If you say that something is（）, you are emphasizing that it cannot be justified or, tolerated because it is extremely bad.问题1选项A.inevitableB.ineffectiveC.inexcusableD.inexplicable【答案】C【解析】inevitable必然的, 不可避免的；ineffective无效的, 不起作用的；inexcusable不可原谅的；inexplicable费解的。

句意：如果你说某件事是不可原谅的, 你是在强调它是不合理的或不能容忍的, 因为它是极其糟糕的。

选项C更符合语境。

2.单选题The radical transformation of Soviet society had a profound impact on women’s lives. Marxists had traditionally believed that both capitalism and the middle class husband exploited women. The Russian Revolution of 1917 immediately proclaimed complete equality of rights for women. In the 1920s divorce and abortion were made easily available, and women were urged to work outside the home and liberate themselves sexually. After Stalin came to power, sexual and familial liberation was played down, and the most lasting changes for women involved work and education.These changes were truly revolutionary. Young women were constantly told that they had to be equal to men, that they could and should do everything men could do. Peasant women in Russia had long experienced the equality of backbreaking physical labor in the countryside, and they continued to enjoy that equality on collective farms. With the advent of the five-year-plans, millions of women also began to toil in factories and in heavy construction, building dams, roads and steel mills in summer heat and winter frost. Most of the opportunities open to men through education were also open to women. Determined women pursued their studies and entered the ranks of the better-paid specialists in industry and science. Medicine practically became a woman’s profession. By 1950, 75 percent of doctors on the Soviet Union were women.Thus Stalinist society gave women great opportunities but demanded great sacrifices as well. The vast majority of women simply had to work outside the home. Wages were so low that it was almost impossible for a family or couple to live o nly on the husband’s earning. Moreover, the full-time working woman had a heavy burden of household tasks in her off hours, for most Soviet men in the 1930s still considered the home and the children the woman’s responsibility. Men continued to monopolize the best jobs. Finally, rapid change and economic hardship led to many broken families, creating further physical, emotional, and mental strains for women. In any event, the often-neglected human resource of women was ruthlessly mobilized in Stalinist society. This, too, was an aspect of the Soviet totalitarian state.1.The main idea of this passage is that women in Stalinist society（）.2.In this passage, to monopolize means to（）.3.In this passage, mobilized means（）.4.The author’s main purpose in writi ng this passage is to（）.5.The overall organizational pattern of this passage is（）.6.How are the ideas within the following sentence related?“Moreover, the full-time working woman had a heavy burden of household tasks her off hours, for most Soviet men in the 1930s still considered the home and the children the woman’s responsibility.”7. The author’s tone in this passage can best be described as（） .问题1选项A.had economic opportunities that had never been available beforeB.had difficulty balancing their work and family responsibilitiesC.had new opportunities but also many hardships.D.moved quickly into the highest levels of government问题2选项A.holdB.earnC.leaveD.pay问题3选项A.punishedB.paidC.foughted问题4选项pare different systems of governmentB.tell an interesting storyC.amuse the readerD.provide information问题5选项A.definitionB.example/illustrationC.chronological orderparison/contrast问题6选项A.cause/effectB.division/classificationC.summaryD.sequence/process问题7选项A.disapprovingB.emotionalC.objectiveD.sympathetic【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C第6题:A第7题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：12

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.写作题Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long period of time. What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain why.【答案】Intensive Learning Is an Efficient Way for Learning2.单选题At the height of the financial crisis, all they could do was ______ and hope that conditions would improve.问题1选项A.hold onB.get alongC.get onD.look on【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项hold on“坚持；稍等”；B选项get along“与……和睦相处”；C选项get on“继续做；开始做”；D选项look on“把……当作”。

句意：在金融危机最严重的时候，他们能做的只有______，并希望情况会有所改善。

they和横线处构成主谓关系，在金融危机时，只有A选项hold on“坚持”符合题意。

因此A选项正确。

3.单选题It was（） that the restaurant discriminated against black customers.问题1选项A.addictedB.allegedC.attackedD.ascribed【答案】B【解析】addict使…沉迷，使...上瘾；allege声称，断言；attack攻击；ascribe归因于。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He developed a（） attitude after years of frustration in his career.问题1选项A.encouragedB.disgustedC.drasticD.cynical【答案】D【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厌烦的；drastic激烈的；cynical愤世嫉俗的。

句意：在经历了多年的事业挫折之后，他变得愤世嫉俗。

选项D符合语境。

2.单选题I stared into the blackness and wondered if he was as aware of my presence as I ______.问题1选项A.was of hisB.was of himC.did himD.did of his 【答案】A【解析】考查句子省略。

句意：我盯着他阴沉的脸，想知道他是否注意到我的存在，正如我知道他的存在一样。

as到句尾是状语从句，从句还原为as I was as aware of his presence，这里和前面if引导的宾语从句部分重复，故省略重复的部分，A选项was of his符合题意。

其余选项语法错误。

因此A选项正确。

3.单选题The rapid growth of Florida’s cities has caused the state’s roads and highway s to become （） .问题1选项A.worn outB.impassableC.congestedD.muffled【答案】C【解析】worn out疲惫不堪的, 耗尽的；impassable不能通行的；congested堵塞的, 拥挤的；muffled 听不清的, 蒙住的。

句意：佛罗里达州城市的快速发展导致该州的道路和高速公路变得拥挤不堪。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：28

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He carried a pale bone which he kept throwing out into the dune for the bird dog to ______. 问题1选项A.castB.traceC.chaseD.retrieve【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项cast“扔，掷，抛”；B选项trace“寻找到，追踪”；C选项chase“追赶，追捕”；D选项retrieve“（从不属于某物应该在的地方）找回，取回”。

句意：他拿着一根白骨，不断把它扔到沙丘里，让猎鸟犬去______。

骨头被反复扔到沙丘里，就是为了让狗去取回，因此D选项正确。

2.单选题Though fined several times, he still （）no importance to his old habits.问题1选项A.adheresB.clingsC.sticksD.attaches【答案】D【解析】attach importance to为固定搭配, 意为“重视, 注意”。

句意：尽管被罚了几次款, 他仍然不重视他的旧习惯。

选项D符合句意。

3.单选题______ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.问题1选项A.WhatB.AsC.ItD.That【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：人们普遍认为，经济增长取决于生产的顺利发展。

as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。

B选项As符合题意，其余选项语法错误。

因此B选项正确。

4.单选题In his fifties, Dr. Brown became director of the chemical company, a position he （） for the rest of his life.问题1选项A.attainedB.cherishedC.expandedD.retained【答案】D【解析】attain达到, 实现；cherish珍爱；expand扩大；retain保持。

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2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Competent researchers cite the most authoritative source, but what counts as authoritative again varies by field. Note the authorities whom researchers in your field cite most often, what procedures they trust, what records they regularly cite. If you are dealing with primary sources (original texts of books, plays, diaries, and so on), be sure that your edition is recent and published by a reputable press. There are on-line electronic editions of Shakespeare so sloppily edited that using them would label you as incompetent.When students are unfamiliar with or can’t find authoritative secondary sources----scholarly journals and books——they often resort to tertiary sources: textbooks, articles in encyclopedias, mass-circulation publications. If these are the only sources available, so be it, but never assume that they are authoritative. Be especially cautious about books on complex issues intended for mass audiences. Authors who write for the ordinary reader about brains or black holes are usually competent, sometimes distinguished researchers. But they must always simplify, sometimes oversimplify, and are always out of date. So if you start your research with a popular book, look at the dates of the journals cited in its bibliography. Authority also depends on being current, but again, different fields judge currency in different ways. In the sciences, out-of-data might be a month ago. In the humanities, a scholar might judge as reliable a book more than a century old. The best way to judge currency is to skim dates in bibliographies of recent journal articles. What seems to be the cutoff date? Assume that most textbooks and reference books are out-of-date.1.The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to tell students（） .2.The authors would probably agree with which of the following statements?3.According to the authors, what are authoritative sources?4.Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence “what counts as authoritative again varies by field”？5.What can be inferred from the passage?问题1选项A.how to cite authoritative sourcesB.how to be competent researchersC.how to judge authoritative sourcesD.how to read authoritative journals 问题2选项petent researchers may not refer to on-line electronic editions.B.Scientific books might be regarded as out-of-date if they were cited a month ago.C.Students should not resort to tertiary sources even if they are unfamiliar with or can’t find authoritative secondary sources.D.Original texts of books, plays, and diaries are not authoritative books.问题3选项A.On-line electronic editions.B.The edition that is recent and published by a reputable press.C.A reliable book more than a century ago.D.Books on complex issues intended for mass audiences.问题4选项A.Authoritative sources are considered important in some fields.B.The number of authoritative sources varies in different fields.C.The importance of authoritative sources is different in research fields.D.Authoritative sources are judged differently in different fields.问题5选项A.Out-of-date sources are not counted as authoritative.B.Students should not use popular books.C.Primary sources are the best authoritative sources.D.Secondary sources are hard to find【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。

结合全文内容可知, 本文主要讲的是如何判断资源的权威性, 选项C更符合原文。

2.推理判断题。

选项A明显错误；根据第二段第一句可知, 选项C表述错误；根据第一段第三句可知, 选项D表述错误；根据最后一段第一句“Authority also depends on being current....”可推断, 作者认为权威是有时效性的。

所以选项B。

3.细节事实题。

根据第一段第三句“If you are dealing with primary sources (original texts of books, plays, diaries, and so on), be sure that your edition is recent and published by a reputable press.” 选项B与原文表述一致。

4.推理判断题。

句意指“什么才算权威又因领域而异”, 再根据原文内容可知, 作者指的是“不同领域对权威来源的判断是不同的。

”选项D符合原文。

5.推理判断题。

根据最后一段的内容可知, 作者强调权威资料具有时效性, 说明过时的资料不具备权威性。

选项A正确。

2.单选题If one brand of computer is （）with another brand, they can be used together and can use the same software.问题1选项petentpulsoryparablepatible【答案】D 【解析】competent 胜任的, 有能力的；compulsory 义务的, 必修的；comparable同等的, 可比较的；compatible兼容的, 能共处的。

句意：如果一个品牌的电脑与另一个品牌的电脑兼容, 它们就可以一起使用, 并且可以使用相同的软件。

选项D符合句意。

3.写作题“Courtesy (礼貌)is rapidly disappearing from everyday interactions, and as a result, we are all the poorer for it.”From your perspective, is this an accurate observation? Why or why not? Explain, using reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.【答案】The Claim That Courtesy Is Rapidly Disappearing Is Dubious4.单选题The prisoner（）a means of escape from prison.问题1选项A.contrivedB.conspiredC.intriguedD.plotted【答案】D【解析】contrive设计，谋划；conspire共谋，协力；intrigue用诡计取得；plot密谋。