(新)高中英语倒装句(完整版详细讲义随堂练习)

Grammar of the Inversion （Module 5 Unit 4）

倒装句

英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。倒装分两种情况: 1)将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，2)只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。并且强调性倒装和以so，neither，nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。

一、倒装句的意义

1. 用倒装构成疑问句,适应一定的语法结构的需要。

e.g. May I come in？

Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927？

2. 为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。

e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.

So early did he come to school that no other students came.

二、倒装的用法

完全倒装

1. 在“there be”结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。

在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。

e.g. There is a box on the table.

There came shouts for help from the river.

There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.

Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.

2. 为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如here, there, now , then, , thus , up，down，out，off, over, away，in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前, 在here，there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）。

e.g. There goes the bell.

Here is an apple for you.

There she comes.(人称代词倒装)

e.g. Away hurried the boy.

Out rushed the girl.

Away she went with tears in her eyes.

Ex：Out ____, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush

Ex：There ________. And here ________.

A. goes the phone; she comes

B. is the phone going; is she

C. does the phone go; does she come

D. the phone goes; come she

3. 为了保持句子的平衡或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，常把表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首用时, ,要用完全倒装,该结构不需加助动词。构成: 1) 表(介短)+系+主; 2) 状(介短)+谓动+主. 如: On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.

In front of the classroom is a playground.

East of the town lies a beautiful lake.

In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.

Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients.

Ex：Under a big tree ________, half asleep.

A. did sat a fat man

B. a fat man sat

C. did a fat man sat

D. sat a fat man

4.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装）

e.g. "Very well，" said the French student.

"Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea，please." he said.()

5. “表语(代词such) + be + 主语"结构。如:

Such was the story he told me.

Such were her words.

Such was the result.

部分倒装

1. 在疑问句中。

e.g. Is she singing in the classroom？

What does your mother do？

2. 重复倒装句型，用在以so，nor，neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor，neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。

e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.

My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor）did I.

She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.

You passed the exam. So did I.

He doesn’t like shopping. Neither do i.

He can’t speak any foreign language. Nor can his father.

注意: 表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。

否则要用so it is with…

His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.

Ex：1)I don't know how to swim, ____.

A. and my sister doesn't neither

B. nor my sister can

C. nor does my sister

D. and my sister does either

2)She's passed the test. ____. A. So am I B. So have I C. So I have D. Also I have

3）——Do you know Tom bought a new car?

——I don't know, ___.

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。

---It\'s raining hard. ---So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。

3. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, little, few，seldom, nowhere，no,no- 等否定或半否定意义的副词、连词放在句首时要用倒装句，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.

Not once did we visit the city of our own.

Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.

Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Ex.---Why can\'t I smoke here?

-----At no time___ in the meeting-room