护理专业英语
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
• • • •
a.c. (ante cibum = before meal) p.c. (post cibum = after meal) b.i.d (bis in die = twice a day) t.i.d (ter in die = three times a day)
33
Homework
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 重读闭音节、闭音节:读强弱音、弱音
– A rat – E bet –I bit – O nod – U null gland tho●′rac●ic ′ret●i●na ′bis●cuit ′tox●ic ′stub●born
医学英语单词发音基本规则
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้• 重读音节确定
1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• -oid 像、类、似、状
– Al′buminoid (白蛋白样的,类蛋白) – Ca′rotinoid (类胡萝卜素) – ′Rheumatoid (类风湿的)
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• -meter 计
– Ther′mometer (体温计) – Spi′rometer (肺活量计) – Sphyg′mometer (脉搏计)
27
Composition
• Compound word 合成词
– Open compound
• Heart failure / bone growth /sleeping sickness……
– Hyphenated compound
• High-resolution / fat-free / bottle-feed ……
Unit 1 Introduction to Medical Terms
4
Learning objectives
* 掌握:医学英语复数形式;医学英语单词的 构成法 * 熟悉:医学英语单词的发音基本规律 * 了解:医学英语的来源;医学英语的同义现 象
5
Origin of Medical Terms
• Reading first part “Brief History of English Language” • Translate “Early Modern English”(class 1) and “Late Modern English”(class 2), and submit within 2 weeks.
• Words ending in a, retain the a and add e
Singular Plural
Vertebra
Pleura
Vertebrae
pleurae
19
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
• Words ending in um, drop the um and add a
Latin Origin
Corpus Corpuscle AdipAdipoid ArticArticulation
Greek Origin
Soma Somatocyte LipoLipodystrophy ArthroArthrocele
Red
Skin Tongue
RubRubeosis
CutisSubcutaneous LinguaLingual
Nursing English
Annie Wong
王一婷 Email: wyt@wzmc.edu.cn Office:7D306
1
Requirements
• Preview • Practice • Performance
• Rapture • Review • Repeat
2
Reference
ErythroErythrocatalysis
DermaEpidermis GlossaGlossal
Word-formation in Medical Terminology
医学英语构词法
• • • • Affixation 词缀法 • Composition 合成法 • Conversion 转类法 • Blending 拼缀法 Backformation 逆成法 Clipping 截短法 Acronyms 首字母缩略
Singular Bacterium Ovum Plural bacteria ova
20
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
• Words ending in us, drop the us and add i
Singular Bronchus Bacillus Plural bronchi bacilli
– Solid compound
• Windpipe / sleepwalk / overweight……
– Neoclassical compound 新古典主义合成词
• Biocide / psychanalysis / biophysics ……
28
Conversion
• I sent you an e-mail. • I e-mailed you yesterday. • Can I have your e-mail address in case I need to e-mail you.
Unit 2 Word Analysis
35
Learning objectives
* 掌握:常见的词根前缀、后缀和联接词
* 学会:根据前缀、后缀、词根估测单词的意 思
Word analysis
• • • • • Hemat/o/logy Electr/o/cardi/o/gram Gastr/o/enter/o/logy Retro/gastr/ic Pre/nat/al
Ba′cil●lus (杆菌) Appendi′ci●tis(阑尾炎) ade′no●ma(腺瘤) Splenocera′to●sis(脾硬化) Transu′re●thral(经尿道的) strepto′co ● cus(链球菌)
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 重读音节确定
1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节 ※两个元音一起算一个音节
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
• Words ending in is ,drop the is and add es
Singular
Diagnosis Psychosis
Plural
Diagnoses Psychoses
23
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 重读音节确定
1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节 2、重音在倒数第一音节 -rrhea 3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节 1)-y 2)-oid 3)-meter 4)部分-al结尾的词 5)部分-ate结尾的词
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
31
Clipping
• • • • • • Exam Flu Lab Polio Psych Ad examination influenza laboratory poliomyelitis psychology advertisement
32
Acronyms
• CT (computerized tomography) / RBC (red blood cell) / ECG (electrocardiogram) • TB (tuberculosis) / OD (overdose) / IV (intravenous)
法
26
Affixation
• Prefixation
– Autograft isograft allograft xenograft
• Suffixation
– Immune immunity immunize immunization
RETROGASTRIC
• Combining vowel Retr-o-gastr-ic –O I A (prefix-vowel-root-sufix)
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 重读音节确定
1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节 2、重音在倒数第一音节 3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节 1)-y 2)-oid 3)-meter 4)部分-al结尾的词 5)部分-ate结尾的词
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• -y:学科、方法、性质
– Physi′ology (生理学) – Im′munity (免疫) – Disa′bility (残疾) – Ma′ternity(母性、怀孕) – Gas′trectomy(胃切除) – Lapa′roscopy (腹腔镜) – Bron′chography (支气管造影)
21
Word analysis
Formation of plurals
• Words ending in ex or ix ,drop the ex or ix,and add ices
Singular
Apex Cortex Varix
Plural
Apices Cortices Varices
22
37
29
Blending
Part + part Whole + part Part + whole genome (gene + chromosome)
breathalyzer (breath + analyzer) Medicaid (medical + aid)
medicare
(medical + care)
A′ne●mia (贫血) Macro′so●mia(巨体) Choleli′thia●sis(胆石病)
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 重读音节确定
1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节 2、重音在倒数第一音节
-rrhea diarrhea (loose bowels)腹泻 menorrhea (period)月经 amenorrhea 闭经 rhinorrhea 鼻溢
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 部分-al结尾的词
– ′cerebral (大脑的)
– Pro′fessional (专业的)
– E′sophageal (食道的)
– ′Laryngeal (喉的)
– ′Pharyngeal (咽的)
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 部分-ate结尾的词
– Per′manganate(高锰酸盐) – Re′ticulate (成网状) – ′Aggregate (聚集) – ′Aggravate (加重)
• Words ending in on ,drop the on and add a
Singular Ganglion Plural ganglia
Phenomenon
Phenomena
24
Synonymous phenomenon of medical terms
Referent
body fat joint
Native Words
Old English
Borrowed Words
Greek Latin
French German Italian Spanish ……
医学英语单词发音基本规则
• 开音节、重读开音节:读字母音
–A –E –I –O –U rate date ba●sin re●nal pe●nis bite gly●ce●mia nose di●ag●no●sis nude stu●dent
• 《护理英语》人民卫生出版社 宋军主编
• 《护患情景会话100例》 东南大学出版社 李惠玲主编
• 《医学英语单词触类旁通》科学技术文献出版社 周铁成 编著 • 《医学英语听与说》高等教育出版社 王丽娟主编 • 《医学英语教学短文阅读》上海外语出版社 梁正溜主编 • Parkinson J, Brooker C. (2004). Everyday English for International Nurses. 1st ed. Churchill Livinstone.
chemotherapy (chemical + therapy)
30
Backformation
• 动词由名词去掉词缀而来
– Chain-smoke chain-smoker – Automate automation – Diagnose diagnosis – Ovulate ovulation – Psychoanalyze psychoanalysis