感叹句和反义疑问句

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一、How long 与How soon的用法

1、how soon用来询问“过多久”动作才发生,谓语动词常为终止性动词,时态多为将来时,答语通常为“in + 一段时间”。

例如:how long have you been there? I have been there for 3 years.

2、how long主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间,答语通常用“for + 一段时间”、“since + 时间点”或since引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓语动词通常为延续性动词。

例如:-How soon will you arrive here? -I will arrive here in 3 hours.

二、反义疑问句:

1.陈述部分是I am 或I’m 时,疑问部分用aren’t I

2.陈述部分有no ,nothing, nobody, no one, never, hardly, few, little时,疑问部分用肯定

4.陈述部分主语是there, this, that , these, those时,疑问部分用there , it ,they

5.陈述部分主语是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, anybody, no one, nobody等时,疑问部分用they, he;陈述部分是everything, something, nothing, anything时,疑问部分用it

6.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you, 或shall we 一般Let's go!用shall we 其他的用will you以Let's 开头的祈使句,附加部分用shall we, 以Let us 开头的,附加部分用will you 这个可以这样记忆:let's合二为一,关系近的当然是我们we了,分开的话就要分你我了,所以就是you了

7.宾语从句中,以主句为准,但如果主语是第一人称且谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose时,以从句为准

三、.感叹句:

用法:去掉主谓部分,中心语是形容词或副词的用how;中心语是名词的用what.

__what___ a bright boy he is! ___how __ bright the boy is!

_what____ good apples they are! ___how__ good the apples are!

注:有时主谓部分可省略

注:若句中无形容词、副词,只有一个主谓部分,则感叹词用:

例如:___how___I want to be a great teacher!

___how ___ time flies!

7. We have a good time.

How good a time we have

What a good time we have

语法复习感叹句表示说话人强烈的语气,其构成有以下几种:

1、What +a/an +形容词+名词+主谓结构肯定句!

eg: What a good boy he is!

2、What +形容词+名词+主谓结构肯定句!

eg: What good news it is !

(在口语中经常省略主谓结构肯定句)

3、How +主谓结构肯定句!eg: How I miss you !

4、How+形容词/副词+主谓结构肯定句!eg: How lovely the boy is!

5、How + 形容词+a/an +名词+主谓结构肯定句!

eg: How fine a voice he has!

句子的结构:

说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。如:

The sun keeps us warm.

I heard him singing.

You must get your hair cut.

They made Tom monitor.

He used to do his homework with his radio on.

补语或宾语的补足语

补语有主语补语和宾语补足语两种:

1主语补语指在带宾语补足语的结构变成被动语态后,原来的宾补,如:

a.He was made to study hard what he was not good at."to study hard what he was not good at" 2

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就是主语he的主语补语。

2宾补常用在一些固定的机构中,如在使感官动词后,宾补如是动词不带to或v+ingV+ed 等;,其次,还可一用形容词,名词,数词介词短语等作宾补:

b.I madee my friend do the work(原形)

c.He has his hair cut once a month.(过去分词)

d. We heard someone sing/singing the song(原形/ing)

e. They have the horse running fast.(ing)

f,They elected Tom monitor.()名词

g.We put the books in order in the shelf.(介词短语)

h.They find the story interesting(形容词)

i.They felt the floor shaking.(现在分词/ing)

j.The man asked him to meet him at the gate.(不定式)

k.The soldier order the enemy not to move.(不定式)

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