非谓语动词讲义

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专题12.非谓语动词考点梳理(复习讲义)

专题12.非谓语动词考点梳理(复习讲义)

专题12.非谓语动词考点梳理(复习讲义)考点清单范围知识条目非谓语动词熟练运用动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法考点一动词不定式的用法一、动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是在其前面加not。

二、动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak English is not easy for us.=It is not easy forus to speak English.讲英语对我们来说不容易。

不定式作主语时,常常可用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面表语My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。

多数情况下,不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责”等宾语I wish to speak to the manager.我想跟经理说话。

只能作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语宾补She asked me not to speak Chinese in class.她让我在课上不要讲汉语。

在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to定语Have you got anything to say?你有要说的吗?不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面状语I’m sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉,给你添麻烦了。

I went to the library to study English.(表目的)我去图书馆学英语了。

不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致1.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,常用结构为:It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+动词不定式。

如:To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learn English well.It’s important for us to protect the environment.注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词1.非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其他所有成分都可以做。

[思维导图]2.非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次这种动词形式不能做谓语。

非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其他所有成分都可以做。

3.非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般式句子的主语。

4.(1)若提示词为动词,句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,就该填谓语动词,此时要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致,有时还需考虑虚拟语气。

(2)若提示词为动词,句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,就该填非谓语动词,就要确定是v.-ing形式,v.-ed形式,还是不定式。

一般来说,v.-ing 形式表示主动、进行;v.-ed形式表示被动、完成;不定式表示尚未发生的动作。

命题点一动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。

不定式可以加宾语或状语构成不定式短语,它没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。

(一)不定式的用法1.作主语(1)不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。

To see is to believe.眼见为实。

It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。

(2)在“It is/was+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.”结构中,若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征,则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of,此时形容词常为kind, nice, foolish等词,且sb.与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系;若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点,则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。

It is generous of him to contribute so much.他捐献了这么多真是太慷慨了。

It was important for us to live a low-carbon life.过一种低碳生活对我们来说很重要。

2.作宾语(1)下列动词只能用不定式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀:我们一致同意在校门口见面。

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的三种形式:动词不定式(to + V);动名词(Ving);分词(即:现在分词—ing分词和过去分词—ed分词)1.1 不定式的形式(以do为例)1.2Ving的形式(以do为例)注:--ing分词的形式与之相同1.3过去分词表示“完成和被动”,所以—ed分词没有一般式和完成式之分,和主动态和被动态之分。

1.4 –ing分词和—ed分词的区别–ing分词作定语时和所修饰的名词之间是主动关系或是表示正在进行;—ed分词而则表示被动和完成意义。

2.非谓语动词的应用范围3. 非谓语动词充当主语3.1 inf表示具体的某一次动作;Ving表示泛指。

4.非谓语动词充当宾语4.1 只能接不定式的词语(作宾语):agree, ask, choose, decide, demand, except, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, promise, pretend,advise, refuse, persuade, count on, long for, wait for等4.2 只能接Ving的词语(作宾语):admit, avoid, consider, enjoy, escape,deny, delay, resist, risk, mind, miss等4.3 跟两种不同形式表达不同意思的一些常见词4.4 省略不定式符号to的情况4.4.1.在情态成语之后(would rather; would sooner; would as soon;would just as soon; can’t help/choose but【不得不…】;had better等)4.4.2“使役动词+宾语”之后(let, make have)4.4.3.“感觉动词+宾语”之后(see , observe, notice, watch, look at;hear, listen to; feel)即“五看两听一感觉”4.4.4.在介词except/but之后它们之前有实意动词“do”的某种形式,其后不带“to”的定式,否则要带“to”的不定式。

非谓语动词用法讲义(精)

非谓语动词用法讲义(精)

非谓语动词用法讲义第一部分: 非谓语动词用法详解一、不定式的用法1. 不定式的构成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。

不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例):主动式被动式一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing /完成进行式to have been doing /1) 不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。

如:They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。

He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。

2) 不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。

如:She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。

I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do.我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。

It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。

3) 不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。

如:It’s nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。

非谓语动词用法讲义

非谓语动词用法讲义

非谓语动词用法讲义非谓语动词是指在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。

非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,但却有时态和语态的变化。

具体见下表:动词不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to +动词原形”,其中to 是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词。

动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。

一、作主语:动词不定式作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语(动词不定式)放在句子的后面。

E.g. To be a doctor is hard. → (It is hard to be a doctor.)To learn English well is not easy. → It is not easy to learn English well. To say is to believe.如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。

若形容词修饰的是人,则需要由介词of 引导短语。

It’s good for us to read E nglish aloud in the morning. It is very kind of you to help me with my English study.二、作表语:在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。

从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分,所以表语也可以视为是主语的补足语。

His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。

To see is to believe.三、作宾语:动词不定式可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask 等。

非谓语动词使用讲义

非谓语动词使用讲义
done(被动或完成),如:(2)。
to do(与宾语有动宾关系,表示将要发生的动作)
(1)With_the_children_following_him(由于孩子跟着他), he had to go back to the park.
(2) With the work finished, he could go home.
There be结构中不定式修饰主语时,主动式和被动式皆可。
如果不定式有逻辑主语,只用主动式。
There is nothing for me to do today.
4.只接不定式作宾语的动词:hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen
To save time is to lengthen life. (不定式短语作主语)
You should continue to learn as long as you live.要活到老学到老。(不定式短语作宾语)
She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings.她晚上经常有很多会要开。(不定式短语作定语)
三.动词ing:表进行和主动
动名词和现在分词一样也是由动词+ing构成,表示主动和进行,在句中起名词的作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。否定形式也是not+动名词,有四种时态和语态形式,使用时注意如下内容即可。
时态语态
主动
被动
一般
teaching
being taught
完成
having taught

高考英语非谓语动词精品讲义

高考英语非谓语动词精品讲义

高考英语非谓语动词讲义第一部分、非谓语动词种类及句法功能(一)概述在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词有动词不定式(the Infinitive);动名词(the Gerund);现在分词(the Present Participle);过去分词(the Past Participle)。

1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2)都可以被状语修饰:The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。

例如:He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)4)都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)We being League member, the work was well done.(现在分词的逻辑主语)2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

英语培训讲义:非谓语动词(不定式)

英语培训讲义:非谓语动词(不定式)

This promotes empathy rather than
n. 同情
resentment.
n. 憎恨
Why not eat more fruits?
填写
Would you please fill out a deposit slip? Could you help me find an apartment?
状语
状语

表目的 表结果 表原因

表程度
作目的状语
常用结构: to do, only to, in order to, so as to do, so(such) …as to…
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. I come here only to say good-bye to you.
He gave us some advice on how to learn computer.
注意事项 3
动词+宾语+不定式 不定式可以做宾语补足语
The officer ordered his soldiers to fire. Father will not allow us to play on the street. I have no choice but to believe what
All of us think it urgent to implement economic reform.
注意事项 2
动词+疑问词+不定式 有些动词可以要求其后的不定式
前面加一个连接副(代)词,一起
充当宾语。what,when,where, which,how,whether等。

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义一、非谓语动词定义在英语中,不能作句子谓语,而是担任其他语法功能的动词,叫作非谓语动词。

二、非谓语动词形式及其功能非谓语动词有3种形式:动词不定式,动名词和分词(含现在分词和过去分词)。

三.根据语法功能看非谓语动词的用法(一)作主语懂一点英语是一回事,掌握英语完全是另一回事。

通常用it做形式主语1.It + be + adj. + to do It’s important for us to learn English.2.It + be + n. + to do It’s a shame to behave like that.3.It + v. + (宾语) + to do It takes an exceptional teacher to cope with a student likethat.4.It + be + prep. phr. + to do It is not within my power to answer the question.通常用it做形式主语1.It’s +adj. +doing It’s useless arguing about that.2.It’s + n. + doing It’s no use/no good arguing about that.3.There is后有时可以跟动名词做主语There is no denying that he is bad-tempered.动名词:表示客观性、一般性行为不定式:表示一次性、具体性行为(见ppt)(二)作宾语决心学会想希望,decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish,拒绝设法愿假装。

refuse, manage, care, pretend主动应答选计划,offer, promise, choose, plan同意请求帮一帮。

agree, ask/ beg, help此外,afford, strive(努力)等也要不定式作宾语。

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词一.非谓语动词:动词的某种特殊形式,在句子中做除谓语外的其他成分。

分类:动词不定式,动名词,现在分词,过去分词。

二.动词不定式:构成:to do。

否定形式:not to do .发生。

eg: I plan to live a busy life in high school.She seems to be unhappy.The computer needs to be repaired.完成式:不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

eg: I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.The house seems to have been broken into.进行式:不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

eg: She pretended to be reading when her mother came in.He happened to be searching my bag when I came in.2.句法功能:(1)做主语:To see is to believe. 眼见为实/百闻不如一见。

It is adj for/of sb to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事是It is impossible for me to live alone in Beijing.It is not easy to find your way around the town.(2)做宾语:afford, agree, aim, bear, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, remember, want, wish, promise, happeneg: She has determined to be a leader.注: 如果不定式做宾语,且后面有宾补时,把不定式后置,用it来做形式宾语。

2024年中考英语复习讲义-非谓语动词含答案

2024年中考英语复习讲义-非谓语动词含答案

2024年中考英语复习讲义-非谓语动词(含答案)非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、分词和动名词。

动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成(有时不带to)。

它不能单独作谓语,不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。

动词不定式连同它的宾语、状语等一起构成不定式短语,不定式短语可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和主语补足语。

动词不定式的句法作用作主语不定式在句中作主语,相当于名词或代词的作用,谓语动词通常用单数。

To learn English well is difficult.To read good books makes him happy.不定式作主语常常用it作为形式主语,不定式置于句尾。

其句型有3种:It + v.+宾语/表语+to do sth.It is a great honor to give a lecture here.It is a great pleasure to work with you.It took me two days to finish the report.It makes me feel happy to think about my kids.It + be +表语+for sb. + to do sth.It is not easy for her to grasp a foreign language.It was necessary for him to find out the truth.It is hard for us to work out the problem.It + be +表语+ of +名词/代词+ to do sth.It is very kind of you to give me a hand.It was careless of you to leave your bag in the taxi.“疑问代词/疑问副词/连接词+不定式”结构作主语How to stop polluting rivers is a big problem.When and where to hold the meeting is still unknown.作表语动词不定式直接作表语The most important thing for him is to take care of his parents. The only thing we can do is to wait and see.Our goal is to reach the top of the mountain before 11 a.m..“how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why +不定式”结构作表语The question is how to improve ourselves in English.The point is when to leave for Hong Kong.The difficulty is which one to give the reward to.作宾语动词不定式直接作及物动词的宾语常以动词不定式作宾语的动词由:afford, agree, ask, begin, choose, continue, decide, demand, expect, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, require, start, try, volunteer, want, wish等。

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词讲义

非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)不定式一、不定式的作用1、作主语不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。

往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。

如:It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意:(1)其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。

(2)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is …to…的句型。

试比较:It is to negate my own idea to believe him.(错)To believe him is to negate my own idea .(对)(3)It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中,当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时,用of, 否则用for.2、作宾语(1)动词+不定式。

如:He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语)注:下列动词通常用不定式作宾语:want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help,decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等(2)动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词,作宾语。

如:I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.I can’t decide when to go there.注意:不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。

非谓语(讲义)-人教PEP版英语六年级下册

非谓语(讲义)-人教PEP版英语六年级下册

2024年小升初英语语法精讲非谓语动词一、定义:【考点精讲】顾名思义,非谓语动词就是指句子中不是谓语的动词。

非谓语动词通常以动名词、分词和不定式的形式出现,没有人称和数的变化。

非谓语动词【实战演练】判断下列划线部分动词是否为非谓语动词,是的话填T,不是的话填F。

( )1.He looks at the picture.( )2.I want to watch.( )3.My home told me to go to school early.( )4.The lion runs so fast.( )5.He likes swimming.二、分类。

【考点精讲】(一)动词不定式1.动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形,有时也可以不用to,这里的to是不定式符号,本身无词义。

动词不定式的否定形式是not+to+动词原形。

例:My father asked me not to read in bed.爸爸叫我不要在床上看书。

My teacher made me recite the text in class.老师让我在课堂上背课文。

2.常见的后跟不定式的动词绝大部分动词后面跟不定式,如:agree,ask,hope. decide,want,tell, would like等。

有部分动词后跟不定式要省略to,直接跟动词原形,如:let,make,have,help等。

例: He agreed to join us. 他答应加入我们。

My mother asks me to go to school on time. 妈妈叫我按时上学。

【实战演练】用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. I hope (find) a good job in a foreign pany after I graduate from school.2. He found it hard (catch up with) his classmates.3. Father asks me (not play) puter games before finishing my homework.4. All the children like Mr White very much because he often makes them(laugh).5. Let him (have)a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.【考点精讲】(二)动名词1.动名词的构成:动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成。

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非谓语动词
宏观概念:
(1)to do :将要做、未做、待做
(2)doing:正在做、伴随状态,表示主动关系(3)Done:已经做完,表示被动关系
不定式的功能(除了谓语都能做)1.不定式做主语:
2.不定式做宾语:
3.不定式做表语:.
4.不定式做定语:.
5.不定式做状语:
6.不定式做宾语补足语:
7.
动名词的功能(因为名贵,所以干的都是主要功能)1.doing做主语:
2.doing做宾语:
3.doing做表语:
4.doing做定语:
5.doing做状语:(一个主语发出两个动作,主要动作用谓语,
次要动作用非谓语,主动用doing、被动用done)
6.doing做宾语补足语:
7.现在分词的否定:
8.现在分词的独立成分:
9.现在分词的独立主格结构:(两个主语发出两个动作,主要主语做的事情用谓语,次要主语做的事情用非谓语,把次要主要摆在前面,和后面的动词如果是主动关系用doing,被动关系用done)
Xiao ming beaten ,I cried.(独立主格,被动)
Xiao ming beating a girl , I cried.(独立主格,主动)
Beaten,I cried.(不是独立主格。

一个人做了两件事,次要动作用非谓语,被动) 10.现在分词的主动表被动:
过去分词的功能(因为是分身,所以干杂活)
1.过去分词做表语:(一种表示被动一种表示状态或者感受)Seat 及物动词,所以有被动sb be seated (可以说是被动,也可以说是一种状态) Sit 不及物动词,所以没有被动sb is sitting.
Dress 是及物动词,dress sb =sb be dressed(可以表示被动,可以表示状态)
He is dressing himself(及物动词,必须挂着一个宾语)
He is dressed up (被动,be dressed ,up 是副词,表示起来;be dressed up 可以看做一个词组,表示状态,化妆)
2.过去分词做定语:(表示被动)
3.过去分词做状语:(要么被动,要么状态)
4.过去分词做宾语补足语:
Have 的用法
让某人做某事
让某人一直做某事
让别人人做某事,某事被做。

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