6各种从句的翻译
英语主语从句的翻译
主语从句的翻译
1. It is reported that the Summit Meeting will be held in December.
据报道，首脑会议将在12月份取行。
2. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real.
也许有人争辩说，无线电台也能提供这种服务；可是在电视上，一切都更加生动逼真，更加真实可靠。
3. It is strange that she has failed to see his advantages.
奇怪的是，她没有看到他的优点。
4.It is frequently the case that his car breaks down on the highway.
他的车在高速公路上坏了，这是经常的
5. Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
无论在这里说了什么都应保密
6. It follows that the Chinese comrades consider Korea’s cause as their own.
由此得出，中国同志把朝鲜的事情看成自己的事情。
Chapter 6 从句的翻译
（一）重复先行词的中文句式, 可用非限定从进行翻译I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。
Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。
（二）省略先行词的中文句式,翻译时应补出先行词It is he who received the letter that announced the bankruptcy of your company.是他接到那封信，说你们公司破产了。
They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。
（三）某些状语译成定语从句（一）译成表示“时间”的分句A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。
（二）译成表示“原因”的分句He doesn’t want to talk with Mrs. Smith, who is very haughty and conceited now他不愿和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在非常傲慢和自负。
（三）译成表示“条件”的分句Men become desperate for any kind of work, which will help them to keep alive their families.人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。
6各种从句的翻译汇总
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3.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”
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II. Translation Skills
1.
先翻译从句,即从句前置 This is a universally accepted principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.
状语转译技巧
时间
条件
These three colors ,red ,green ,and violet ,when combined ,produced white .
红色、绿色和紫色这三种颜色如果合在一起就变成白色。
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地点
条件
Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen.
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3.增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒号、破折 号分开 But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样的事 实：我们的前景并不妙。
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பைடு நூலகம்
When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London ,they were not taken seriously.
英语八大从句类型例句
英语八大从句类型例句含翻译1. 名词性从句（Noun Clause）:- Example 1: What she said surprised everyone.Translation: 她说的话让每个人都感到惊讶。
- Example 2: Whether they will come is uncertain.Translation: 他们是否会来是不确定的。
2. 形容词性从句（Adjective Clause）:- Example 1: The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.Translation: 那个坐在我旁边的女孩是我妹妹。
- Example 2: I like the book that you recommended.Translation: 我喜欢你推荐的那本书。
3. 副词性从句（Adverbial Clause）:- Example 1: I will go to the party if I finish my work.Translation: 如果我完成工作，我将去参加聚会。
- Example 2: She sings well when she is happy.Translation: 她在开心时唱得很好。
4. 定语从句（Relative Clause）:- Example 1: The person who called you is waiting outside.Translation: 给你打电话的人正在外面等着。
- Example 2: The house that we visited yesterday is beautiful.Translation: 我们昨天参观的房子很漂亮。
5. 时间状语从句（Time Adverbial Clause）:- Example 1: We will start as soon as the rain stops.Translation: 一旦雨停，我们就会开始。
从句的译法
名词从句的译法英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译这类从句时，大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语，但也还有一些其他处理方法。
一、主语从句（一）以what、whatever、whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
2）Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
二、宾语从句（一）用that, what, how 等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。
1）I also told him how appealing I found the offer.我也告诉他，这提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力。
有时可加“说”字，再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。
1）He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。
三、表语从句英语表语从句和宾语从句一样，一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he emphasized over and over again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch.他所再三强调的是，不管多么困难，他们决不应该后退寸步。
2) That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power.就这样，小国战胜了大国。
6.定语从句的翻译
• 2. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. • 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄 力，所以是他们都很喜欢。
Assignment
• 1.Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history. • 2. He made the sound of sympathy which comes so readily from those who have an independent income. • 3. A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.
• 1.There are many people who want to see the film. • 许多人要看这部电影。 • 2.There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. • 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了 一个月之久。 • 有些可将英语的主句压缩成汉语的词组来 作主语，定语从句译成谓语，形成溶合。
• C. 汉语中从句前置，重复先行词 • 1.World War II was, however, more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. • 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺 市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界 大战却比第一次复杂。
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译名词性从句是一种从句，用作名词的作用，可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导，包括连词that, whether/if , 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever,whomever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词when, where, why, how等等。
名词性从句的翻译要根据具体的上下文和句子结构进行灵活变通。
下面是一些常见的名词性从句的翻译示例：1. 主语从句：That he is late again is not surprising.他又迟到了并不奇怪。
2. 宾语从句：I don't know where she went.我不知道她去哪里了。
3. 表语从句：The problem is whether we can solve it.问题是我们是否能够解决它。
4. 同位语从句：The news that he passed the exam made us happy.他通过考试的消息使我们很高兴。
5. 介词宾语从句：I am not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的是什么。
6. 间接引导名词性从句：He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
7. 是否从句：I wonder whether/if she will come to the party.我想知道她是否会来参加派对。
8. 选择性从句：He asked me whether I preferred coffee or tea.他问我是喜欢咖啡还是茶。
9. 宾语从句（陈述句变为疑问句）：Do you know what time it is?你知道现在几点钟吗？10. 宾语从句（连接代词）：I wonder who is going to pick us up at the airport.我想知道谁会在机场接我们。
五类状语从句的翻译
五类状语从句的翻译一、时间状语从句1. 译成相应的时间状语1) 与原文顺序一致While she spoke, the tears were running down.她说话时，泪水直流。
2) 后置改前置Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关灯。
2. 译成刚就的句式：When I reached the beach, I collapsed.我一游到海滩，就昏倒了。
3. 译成并列的分句：1) 译文前置They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金，他们就把他释放了。
2) 后置不变I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.我正想讲，史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因状语从句1. 译成表因的分句：1) 因在果之前The crops failed because the season was dry.因为气候干旱，作物歉收。
2) 果在因之前She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.她能渡过任何风险，因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句：Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.纯铁太软，所以不用在工业上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句：Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.哪里有声音，哪里就必有声波。
从句的翻译
五ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ定语从句的译法
• 英语定语从句的译法主要涉及到限制性 定语从句的译法和非限制性定语从句的 译法。此外，有些英语定语从句和主句 间还存在着状语关系，对这种定语从句 也值得探讨。
（一）限制性定语从句
• 限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限 制作用，与先行词关系密切，不用逗号 分开。翻译这类句子时往往可以用：
从句的翻译
• 英语中有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、定语从句（含同位语从句）、状语 从句等。
一.主语从句
• （一）以what, whatever, whoever 等代词引导 的主语从句一般按原文语序翻译。 • 1) What he told me really surprised me. • 他所告诉我的着实让我吃惊。 • 2)Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. • 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻印象。 • 3) Whoever has traveled in that region must remember the waterfalls. • 凡是到过那个地区的人是一定记得那些瀑布 的
• 3) We have to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. • 我们不得不正视这样一个事实：我们的 前景并不乐观。 • 4) There was the chance that a small electrical spark might lead to a big fire. • 有这样的可能——一 一个小小的电火花 可能引起一场大火。
（二）用it作假宾语的句子， 汉译时that 引起的宾语从句一 般按原文顺序；it不译 。
6定语从句及其它常见句式的翻译精品PPT课件
外位语翻译之三
❖ 三）溶合法 ❖ 所谓溶合法就是抛开汉语中的外位结构，将其所表
达的内容纳入英语的句子当中，充当相应的句法成 分。例如：
❖ 建设和谐社会，这将是今后我们长期的工作重心所 在。
❖ Our priority in work for the long period ahead is to build a harmonious society.
(5) yet he failed somehow, in spite of a mediocrity which ought to have insured any man a success. 译文:按理说,他这样的庸才,正该发迹才是,可是不知怎 么,只是不得意。
(6)I have strong opinions which wouldn't suit you.
译文:我有些看法,但对于你们怕不合适。
(7)You compare her with your English-women who wolf down from three to five meat meals a day; and naturally you find Sally a sylph.
外位语翻译之二
❖ 二）拆句法 ❖ 为了句式的明晰，表意的准确，可以考虑将外位结
构拆分成英语中独立的句子。例如：
❖ 要解决问题，还须作系统的周密的调查工作和研究 工作，这就是分析的过程。
❖ In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study. This is the process of analysis.
六级翻译--名词从句
复习：1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).2）Tom usually talks _______________(仿佛他什么都知道).3）Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).4)It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).5)We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).1) I had had your opportunities when I was young(考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望)2）as though he knew everything(考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑)3）I would seize the opportunity without hesitation(考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件)4）measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams(考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”) 5）the mid-term exams (should) be canceled(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)名词从句：何谓名词从句本质：三种句子（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）充当四种句子成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）1）主语：The book is interesting.What I am reading is interesting.2) 宾语：No one knows exactly the life on other planets.No one knows exactly whether there is life on other planets. 3)表语：English is a useful tool.English is what I like most among all subjects.4)同位语：I love the novel, The old Man and the Sea.I love the saying that love, not time heals almost everything.一、陈述句作句子成分：that+陈述句（宾从中，不影响句意的影响下，that可省略）1)English is important.That English is important is an undoubted fact.2)Love , not time heals all wounds.I’ve learned that love, not time heals all wounds.3)The child should be sent to school.My idea is that the child should be sent to school.4)He succeeded in the experiment.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.为什么用that？that 相当于“指路牌”，能帮我们指明断句的方向，不造成对句子的误解。
英语翻译写作 从句的翻译法
But without Adolf Hiter, who was possessed of demoniac personality, a granite（花岗岩） will, a remarkable intellect ,a soaring imagination and ----until toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he overreached himself-----an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a third Reich. 但是如果没有那个生性残暴、意志坚韧、心肠冷酷、才智出 众、想象丰富的阿道夫希特勒，没有那个最后被权利和胜利 冲昏头脑而招致彻底失败的希特勒，没有那个对人和局势有 惊人判断力的希特勒，那么历史上就不可能有个第三帝国。
特殊状语从句的译法 The +adj. (adv.) 比较级 + that clause
The act was the bolder that he stood utterly alone. 这完全是他一人干的，所以这一行为更堪称 勇敢。 The +adj. (adv.) 比较级 + that clause 表示
曹氏译法
World war II, however, more complex than World war I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. 一战是一场帝国主义强国之间争夺市场、资源和领 土的冲突。然而，二战比一战还要复杂。 然而和二战相比，一战远没那么复杂，一战只是一 场帝国主义强国之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突。
各种从句的翻译汇总
• 同位语从句 • 定语从句 • 状语从句 • 宾语从句 • 主语从句的译法： • 表语从句的译法： • 作业 (Assignment)
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同位语从句的翻译
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I. Basic concept
• I’m greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday.
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宾语从句的翻译
• 用 tthhata, tw,hawt,hhoawt, how 等引起的宾语从句译 成汉语时一般不需要改变它在原句中顺序； 用 it 作假宾语的句子，汉译时 that 引导 的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序； it 不译。
I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down.
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• I will share with President Carter my conclusion that our two countries are destined to grow together for our mutual benefit and for the benefit of all mankind.
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II. Translation Skills
1. 先翻译从句,即从句前置 2. This is a universally accepted
principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.
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• When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London ,they were not taken seriously.
状语从句的翻译
6.目的状语从句
that（为了，以便），so that（为了，以 便），lest（以防），in case（以防，以 免），for fear that（以防）in orde、 “省（免）得”、“以免”、 “以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等 We should start early so that we might get there before noon. 我们应当早点动身，以便能在正午之前赶到那里。 为了正午以前赶到那里，我们应当早点动身。 He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her. 他轻轻推开房门，悄悄地溜了出去,生怕惊醒她。 为了不惊醒她，他轻轻推开房门，悄悄地溜了出 去。
7.As the moon's gravity is only about 1/6 of the gravity of the earth，a 200 pounds man weighs only 33 pounds on the moon. 由于月球的引力只有地球引力的六分之一，所以 一个体重200磅的人在月球上仅重33磅。 200 33 译成表示原因或结果句子，如“因为”，“所以” 等 8.She is so clever that she can solve the problem. 她如此聪明，以至于能解决这个问题。 她很聪明，能解决这个问题 省略关联词,译成并列句
1. 译成“虽然…但是…，尽管…” While this is true of some, it is not true of all. 虽然有一部分是真的，但不见得全部都如此。 2. 由no matter，-ever引导的从句可以译为以 “不论，不管，无论”等做关联词的条件句 No matter how carefully you move your hand toward a fly, the insect will dart off almost every time. 不管你多么小心翼翼地把手伸向一只苍蝇，差不多 每次它都飞走。
从句的翻译
桂林旅游高等专科学校教案第十六讲从句翻译Lecture 16 Clauses一、名词从句的译法(Noun Clause)（一）主语从句(Subject Clause)（引导词that, what, whether, who, when, where, why, how, which, whose, whatever…）（先译主句还是先译从句？whatever等引导的，先译从句；it作形式主语的，视情况而定）1.It is strange that we should meet here.我们能在这里见面，这真是想不到。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）2. It is essential that every child should have the same opportunity to have education.每个儿童都应当有同样的受教育的机会，这一点是非常重要的。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）3. It is a common misconception that English is extraordinarily difficult for foreigners to learn.英语对外国人来说特别难学，这是一种普遍的误解。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）4. It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种大家共有的经验。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）5. It's really a mystery why all our attempts have been unsuccessful．为什么我们的一切尝试都失败了，这真是个谜。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）6．It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. (An abstract from Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen)a)凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条公认的真理。
三大从句的翻译
曹氏译法
首先翻译出定语从句前的主句，然后重译先行词 （或者是把代表先行词的关系词还原为先行词）， 再把定语从句翻译成定语置于被重复的先行词之前。 I want a man who will throw his hat over the Chindwin (一江名),then lead his troops after it. 我需要的是这样一个人，他决心在钱墩江破釜沉舟 然后带领部队前进。 我需要的是这样一个人，一个能在钱墩江破釜沉舟 并且率部队过江的人。
翻译成独立的句子
The problem of development vs. environment has now been in the limelight. Nowhere is the clash more visible in China, where the word’s largest population faces pollution, deforestation on a large scale. 现在发展与环境已经成为人们关注的中心。在中国 这对矛盾表现得特别突出。这个世界上人口最多的 国家。面临着环境污染和森林大规模减少的侵袭。
曹氏译法
Sometimes when he came he was silent and moody, and after a sarcastic remarks went away again, to tramp the streets of Lincoln, which was almost as quiet as those of Black Hawk. 有时他来后会少言寡语、闷闷不乐，发几句尖刻的 议论后又转身离去，继续漫步于林肯市的那些大街， 那些几乎和黑鹰镇的街道同样冷清的大街。
状语从句翻译例句
状语从句翻译1 她说话时，泪水直流（while）1.Tearswas runnin g down her face whileshe talked.2 我正在吃饭的时候，她进来了。
（when）2.She came in when i was dinnin g.3 他结束讲话的时候，听众掌声雷动。
（as）3.The audien ce gave a roundof applau se as he endedhis speech.4 他将得到提升，因为他工作干得好（for）4.He will get promot ed for his hard workin g.5 理论之所以有价值，是因为它能给实践指出方向（becaus e）5.Theory has valuebecaus e it indica tes the direct ion for practi ce.6 为了正午以前赶到那里，我们很早就动身了（so that）6.We set out so earlythat we couldreachtherebefore the noon.7 如果没有他们的批准，我们不能开始这项工作。
（until）7.We can't get into the work untilthey approv e.1.他对她一见钟情。
了解越多，爱得越多。
1.He fell in love with her at the firstsight.The more he knowsher, the more he lovesher.2.虽然我很累，但因为做了一件好事而深感高兴。
2.Even though I am tired, but I am happybecaus e I did a good deed.3.违法的人都将受到惩罚。
各种从句的翻译
他看起来好像昨晚没睡好。
分析
在这个句子中，“as if he hasn't had a good night's sleep”是表语从句，对主语“He”进行描述。在翻译时 ，可以将引导词“as if”翻译为“好像”，将句子翻译为 “他看起来好像昨晚没睡好”。
04 同位语从句的翻译
CHAPTER
状语从句的翻译技巧
理解从句的语义关系
在翻译状语从句时，首先要理解从句与主句 之间的语义关系，确定从句在句子中的作用 和含义。
调整语序
由于中英文表达习惯的不同，翻译时可能需要对语 序进行调整，使译文更加符合目标语言的表达习惯 。
选用合适的引导词
在翻译过程中，需要根据从句的语义关系选 择合适的引导词，确保译文的准确性和流畅 性。
例句2
The book which you lent me was very interesting.
翻译
我们班有个女孩，她的父亲是位 著名的科学家。（融合法）
例句3
There is a girl in our class whose father is a famous
scientist.
翻译
你借给我的那本书很有趣。（后 置法）
主语从句的翻译技巧
顺译法
01
按照汉语的表达习惯，将主语从句放在句首进行翻译。
倒译法
02
为了符合汉语的表达习惯，将主语从句放在句末进行翻译，同
时用“这”、“那”等代词复指。
融合法
03
将主语从句和主句融合在一起进行翻译，使译文更加流畅自然
。
案例分析
案例一
案例二
That the earth goes round the sun is known to all. 地球绕着太阳转是众所周知 的。
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译成“刚……就……”的句式 1.He had hardly rushed into the room when he shouted, “Fire! Fire！” 他刚跑进屋里就大声喊：“着火了！着火了！” 2.He had scarcely handed me the letter when he asked me to read it. 他把信一交给我，就叫我念给他听。
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状语和状语从句的翻译
概述
时间 原因 条件 让步 目的
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一、时间状语从句的译法
译成相应的表示时间的状语 译成“刚……就……”的句式 译成并列分句
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一、时间状语从句的译法
译成相应的表示时间的状语 1. While she spoke, the tears were running down. 她说话时，泪水直流。 2.Pleasae turn off the lights when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。
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3.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”
当审查放宽时, 招摇撞骗之徒就会有机可乘, 在“艺术”的幌子下炮制出形形色 色的东西 来。
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1.
译成因果偏正复句中的主句 Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。
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译成不用关联词而因果关系内含的并列分句 1.After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free. 反正关系不大，二十四小时以后他们就要自由了。 （语气） 2. He was not only surprised but, to start with, extremely suspicious, as he had every reason to be. 他不但惊讶而且首先是十分怀疑，他这样感觉是完全 有理由的。
各种从句的翻译
同位语从句 定语从句 状语从句 宾语从句
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专升本英语翻译
语法（从句翻译） 词汇和词组（固定搭配）
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Part IV. Translation (20 points)
翻译部分句子有几个特点：句子意思完整清楚；句子内容仅 涉及一般日常生活或科普知识；句子结构上大多数为简单句， 少数为复杂句或并列句；句子长度在6—20个单词左右，基本 不涉及太难或生僻词汇。 翻译过程包括两个阶段：正确理解和充分表达。理解是表 达的前提，而表达是理解的目的和结果，二者缺一不可。因 此，考生在做英译汉部分试题时： (1)切记不可急躁，一定要先通读全句。把握全句的主旨。 (2)在着重理解句子时，首先要在语义上弄清全句的整体意 思和每个单词的意思； 其次要分析清楚句子结构，找出各分句之间的关系。 (3)可考虑先打一份翻译草稿，再根据句子意义和汉语结构 进行调整。 (4) 切不可忘记标点符号，否则容易失分！
一座石头砌的大厦 萎谢的花 开着的水 开水 无可挽救的事 升起了的太阳
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模式二 中心词+短语or从句
以-able, -ible 结尾的形容词
This is the only reference book available here on the subject. This is the earliest edition obtainable.
在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。
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2. 2 译成并列分句——后置法
当定语从句较长时,将其译成并列分句, 放置 于原来它所修饰词的后面。先行词可保留并 在第二个分句中重复；亦可省略。
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He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two ponds each.
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While I grant his honesty, I suspect his memory. 虽然我对他的诚实没有疑义，但我对他的记忆 力却感到怀疑。
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译成表“无条件”的分句 No matter what misfortune befell him, he always squared his shoulders and said: “Never mind, I’ll work harder.” 不管他遭受什么不幸事儿，他总是把胸一挺，说 “没关系，我再加把劲儿。”
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模式二 中心词+短语or从句
由连词 “or”, “and”, “either…or”, “both.. and…” 连 接的定语 Every nation, big or small, has its strong and weak points. 短语作定语 He suggested a method at once economical and practical.
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三、表示条件的状语从句
译成表“条件”的分句 译成表“假设”的分句 译成表补充说明情况的分句
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译成表“条件”的分句 1. It was better in case they were captured. 要是把他们捉到了，那就更好了。
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译成表“假设”的分句 If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains. 如果其中一个人垮了，这种事时常在他们中间发 生，向导就要背着他过山。
26Biblioteka 定语从句的译法27
1、英汉定语的比 英语 较：
模式一 单词定语+中心词 模式二 中心词+短语or从句 汉语： 模式一 定语+中心词
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模式一 单词定语+中心词
A stone building Faded flowers Boiling water Boiled water A gone case The risen sun
一位外国经济学家说道，“我们这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。 There be 句型
There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。
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2.4 译成原因、结果、让步、目的、条 件状语从句
He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old.（原因） 他不记得他父亲了, 因为他父亲死时他才三岁。 In office, figures, lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories 在办公室里, 工作人员将各种数据、表格和信息加以 汇编, 以便让经理或主管人员了解他们的商店或工厂 目前正在发生的情况。（目的）
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二、原因状语从句
译成表“因”的分句 1. The crops failed because the season was dry. 因为气候干旱，作物歉收。 2. We have to put the meeting off since so many people were absent.
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译成表补充说明情况的分句—后置 You can drive tonight if you are ready. 你今晚可以出车，如果你愿意的话。
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四、表示让步的状语从句
译成表“让步”的分句 译成表“无条件”的分句
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译成表“让步”的分句 Although he seems hearty and outgoing in public, Mr. Cooks is a withdrawn, introverted man. 虽然库克先生在公共场合中是热情而开朗的，但 他却是一个孤僻的、性格内向的人。
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2、翻译方法
2.1 译成定语——前置法 2.2 译成并列分句——后置法 2.3 融合法—
译成谓语, 表语和主语合并译成主语
2.4
译成原因、结果、让步、目的、条件状语从句。
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2.1 译成定语——前置法
译成带“的”的定语词置于
被修饰词之前，复合句译成 汉语的简单句。
The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.
为了，省得，免得，以免，以便，生怕等等
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译成表“目的”的后置分句 The murderer ran away as fast as he could, so that he might not be caught red-handed. 凶手尽快地跑开，以免被人当场抓获。
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①Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract, ②the Buyer③ shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller④ by opening an irrevocable L/C ⑤for the full amount of USD 30,000 ⑥in favor of the Seller ⑦through a bank at export point ⑩so that the Seller may draw the sum in due time.