英语专汉译英及参考标准答案

英语专汉译英及参考标准答案

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2

CHINESE TO ENGLISH

乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”

ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleas u re of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the ad vertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.

We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.

乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说，"有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”

The songs to which Qiao Y u contributed lyrics are familiar to us. But few of us knew his two hobbies—drinking and angling. Qiao Yu developed his interest in fishing in his advanced years. He said, “a place with water and fish usually affords a beautiful environment, which in turn buoy up our mood. For me, the best sites for angling are not where starving fish are for ready capture, but the naturally attractive scenic spots.” Angling is edifying and beneficial to one’s physical and mental health.

Qiao Yu said, “There are three ends of angling. The first end is for eating fish. The second end is for both fish-eating and fishing pleasure. The third end is largely the delight taken in angling when one, with a pond of clear water before one’s eyes, leaves behind all the worries, putting the body and mind in full repose.

这是一篇关于词作家乔羽的人物特写，原文貌似难度不大，但是某些词句的处理颇费思量，稍有不慎就会出错。下面逐句点评。

1第一句中“乔羽的歌”不能轻易翻译为“The songs of Qiao Yu”,这样英语读者将不明白乔羽到底是歌手还是作曲和作词，所以要将这一空白背景知识填充上。歌曲的歌词用“lyrics”来表示。“contribute”表示“撰稿”。

2本文中的“钓鱼”最好使用“angling”,表示“垂钓”，fishing的意义过于泛泛，渔船捕鱼也可以用。

3晚年即可以是“暮年”“衰年”也可以是“晚晴时分”，本文倾向于后者，所以译文处理为“advanced years”,不翻译为“declining years” “senile years”。

4本句中“有”字出现了四次，但是不能一概处理为谓语动词，而应该分别处理为状语与谓语。“buoy up”表示“提升，抬升”。

5该句是本文的一个难点。所谓“饿鱼”是指商家故意令饲养的鱼儿挨饿，这样好让钓客轻易钓到鱼，所以翻译时应把这层字里行间的意思翻译出来，利用添词法，译为“starving fish…for ready capture"。“野外天成”简单处理为“naturally scenic spots”就可以了，汉语行文爱用一些这样半文半白的四字成语，翻译成英语达意即可，不必拘泥于原文。

6 “身心”一般情况下都翻译为“physical and mental”。7最后一句是原文的重心所在，且在结构上很整齐（钓鱼的三个层次），翻译时注意结构的排比。“阶段”一词在本文语境下就是钓鱼的三个“目的”，不必拔高成“境界”之类，翻译成“realm”,当然如果那样翻译也不能算错。

1995-2009年英语专业八级翻译

汉译英真题及参考答案

1995

简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：

However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive