英语语法之疑问句
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英语语法之疑问句
§1 .一般疑问句: Is she from America ?她来自美国吗?
§2 .特殊疑问句: When is your birthday ?你的生日是哪天?
§3 .选择疑问句: Is this a dog or a cat ?这是狗,还是猫?
§4 .反意疑问句: You are a student ,aren't you ?你是学生,不是吗?
1 一般疑问句(需要用yes 或no 回答的疑问句,叫一般疑问句。)
1) be 动词的一般疑问句: 句型:Be 动词+主语~?
Is your father angry ?你父亲生气了吗?
Yes ,he is.是的,他生气了。
No ,he isn't.不,他没生气。
Are there any birds in the sky ?天空中有鸟吗?
Yes ,there are.是的,有。
No ,there aren't.不,没有。
Were the babies crying last night ?(进行时)昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗?Yes ,they were.是的,他们在哭。
No ,they weren't.不,他们没哭。
Is English spoken all over the world ?(被动语态)全世界都说英语吗?
Yes ,it is.是的。
No ,it isn't.不。
注意:进行时和被动语态(一般现在时、一般过去时、进行时)皆含有be动词,所以它们的疑问句和be 动词的疑问句相同。
2) 一般动词(实义动词)的一般疑问句:句型:Do (Does ,Did )+主语+动词原形~?
do you love me ?
Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Does he have supper at home every day ?他每天在家吃饭吗?
Yes ,he does.是的。
No ,he doesn't.不。
Did he do morning exercises yesterday ?昨天他做早操了吗?
Yes ,he did.是的,他做了。
No ,he didn't.不,他没做。
3) 情态动词的一般疑问句: 句型:情态动词+主语+动词原形~?
Can you bring me some apples ?你能给我拿来些苹果吗?
Yes ,I can.是的,可以。
No ,I can't.不,不可以。
Must I do it now ?我必须现在做吗?
Yes ,you must.是的,你必须。
No ,you needn't.不,你不必。
4) 完成时的一般疑问句:句型:Have (Has )+主语+动词的过去分词+~?Have you known her since your childhood ?你从童年就认识她吗?
Yes ,I have.是的。
No ,I haven't.不。
5) 过去完成时的一般疑问句:句型:Had +主语+动词的过去分词+~?
Had he learned about two thousand English words before he came here ?他来这里以前就已经学了大约两千个单词了吗?
Yes ,he had.是的。
No ,he hadn't.不。
2 特殊疑问句(用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes 或no 。):
疑问代词:what(什么) ,who(谁-),Which(那个),whose(谁的),whom (谁)
疑问副词:when(什么时候),where(哪里),why(为什么),how(怎样)
疑问形容词:what (which ,whose )+名词
1 疑问代词的用法
1)what 引导的疑问句
a.对主语提问
What is in your pocket ?你口袋里有什么?
a :There is an egg in it. 在口袋里有一个蛋。
b :An egg is (in it ).一个蛋(在里面)。
What's in the room ?屋子里有什么?
There are a lot of chairs in it.=A 1ot of chairs are in it.有许多椅子。
注意:回答此句型的问题时,答句的单复数根据实际情况而定。
b.对宾语提问
What did you buy ?你买了什么?I bought a bike.我买了辆自行车。
c.对表语提问
What is this?这是什么?It's a bench.这是一条长凳。
What is your mother ?你妈妈是干什么的?She is a teacher.她是个老师。
Who ,whom ,whose 引导的疑问句
Who broke the window ?(对主语提问)谁打破了窗户?Li Ming did.李明打破的。
Who is that woman ?(对表语提问)那个女人是谁?
She is my mother.她是我妈妈。(关系)或者:She is Rose.她是罗思。(姓名)Whose is this umbrella ?这伞是谁的?This umbrella is my sister's.这伞是我姐姐的。
Which is Tom's ?(对主语提问)哪个是汤姆的?This is his.这是他的。
Which does he want ?(对宾语提问)他想要哪一个?He wants the green one.他想要那个绿色的。
2 疑问形容词的用法
What sports do you like ?(对宾语提问)你喜欢什么运动?I like basketball.我喜欢篮球。
Whose pens are these ?(对表语提问)这些是谁的钢笔?They are Li Ming's.这些是李明的。
Which picture did you take ?(对宾语提问)哪一张照片是你拍的?I took the one on the right.右边的那一张是我拍的。
3 疑问副词的用法:句型:疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序~?
(疑问副词在句中作状语,所以它们不可能对主语提问)
1)when 引导的疑问句:询问时间
When were you born ?你何时出生?(I was born )on June 5 ,1962.我是1962 年6 月5 日出生的。
How long have you been here ?你呆在这里有多久了?When did you come here ?你什么时候来这里的?
2)where 引导的疑问句:询问地点、场所
Where do you live ?你住在哪儿?(I live in )Beijing.(可以简略回答出地点)我住在北京。
Where are you going ?你准备去什么地方?I am going to Japan.我准备去日本。3)why 引导的疑问句:询问原因,它的回答只能用because 引导的原因状语从句。
Why are you late ?你为什么迟到?Because I met the accident.
因为我遇上车祸了。
Why didn't you see the movie ?=Why did you not see the movie ?
你为什么不去看那部电影?Because I had seen it before.因为我已经看过了。
4)how 引导的疑问句:可分为两类
How do you go to school ?(问方式)I go to school by bus.我坐公共汽车。
How are you ?(问健康)你身体怎样?I'm fine. Thank you !我很好。谢谢你。How is the weather today ?(问天气)今天天气如何?It's cloudy.今天多云。How many sisters do you have ?你有多少姐妹?
How much多少(不可数名词)How much is the book ?这本书多少钱?
How old多大(岁数)How old are you ?你有多大年纪?
How tall多高(人、树)How tall is that tree ?那棵树有多高?
多少时间(多久)How long will you stay here ?你将停留这里多久?
How long 多长(长度)How long is the rope ?这绳子多长?
How often多久(频率)How often do you visit here ?你多久来拜访这里?