外文原文及译文

北京联合大学毕业设计（论文）外文原文及译文

题目：中国移动业务管理系统

专业：计算机科学与技术指导教师：商新娜

学院：信息学院学号： 2009080405108

班级： 20090804051 姓名：宋晶

一、外文原文

Selecting the Right Platform Components

Every software developer needs to be able to make decisions. Software development involves decision making, from deciding on the right programming language to use to selecting the developer tools, or deciding on how best to deploy and distribute an application. This chapter introduces the process that we will use throughout the rest of the book for selecting components for our enterprise platform.

Decisions, Decisions, Decisions

As we discuss in Chapter 1, the focus of this book is on building an enterprise software platform. As demonstrated in that chapter, an enterprise platform comprises a large number of independent components, each of which contributes capabilities to the overall platform. Selecting the components to be used to establish a platform is typically the role of a software architect. The architect uses his or her knowledge of the system to be delivered and the needs of the stakeholders to help make choices about which components to use. The architect must be able to explain the choices to others, such as programmers, customers, and management, in order to achieve the acceptance needed to make the project a successful one.

As software architects, we need to select which components will compose our enterprise platform. For example, if you know that the applications that will be created for this platform will use a Web-based interface, you will want to make sure that you have a servlet container as one of the platform components.After you determine the need for a servlet container, you need to decide among the many choices of servlet containers.

There may be a wide variety of choices for any single component in your

platform. Because you have a large number of components that can be applied to your architecture, you want to make sure that you have a consistent means of deciding which component implementation you will select and use, and then be able to communicate the reasons for your choices to other stakeholders in the project. A consistent and documented product-selection process eases this communication task by making it possible to explain to all involved parties how the decision to use a specific component was reached.

This decision-making process is not unique to the use of open source software,

but applies to the selection of any software component or application.However, this book is primarily about using open source software, so the first decision we will examine is the decision to use open source software.

Choosing Open Source Software

Why choose to use open source software? Although this question may offend

some open source zealots, open source software is not the right choice in every

situation. It is good to know when open source software is the right choice and be able to defend the decision to other stakeholders in a project. So, in this light, let’s examine why people choose to use—or not use—open source solutions.

So what are the factors that push companies to choose the open source alternative to commercial software? How does open source software compare to

commercial software in the areas of cost, fitness, quality, risk, and time? When you are making a decision to purchase or use any product, there several things of interest to consider:

■ Cost

■ Suitability

■ Quality

■ Risk

■ Time