构词法例子

2.表示错误或失当的前缀: mis- misjudge, misdirect(误导)
3.表示向背的前缀: pro- pro-Chinese, pro-American anti- antiwar, anti-Japanese war
4.表示程度、大小的前缀
super- superstar, supermarket, superman, superpower
6.表示方位的前缀： sub- subway, submarine inter- international, intercity, interclass trans- translate, transatlantic
Ⅱ后缀：
不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。 1.动词变名词：
-ation satisfaction, education, realization
-ment development, movement, disappointment
-al
arrival, refusal
-ee
trainee, employee
-er
teacher, worker
-or
visitor, sailor
2.形容词变名词： -ness happiness, meanness, carelessness -ity ability, possibility -ism Marxism, criticism
3. 名词、形容词变动词：
-ify beautify, simplify -ize realize -en quicken, widen, sharpen
3.名词变形容词：
-y
windy, rainy, sandy
Fra Baidu bibliotek-ish foolish, feverish
-some handsome, troublesome
Compound Adjective Compound Verb
moreover
Compound Adverb
Spoonful：构成名词
mouthful,
handful
Ⅲ.复合词：
复合词通常由两个或两个以上的自由词素构成
handbook, snowfall, bookstore
Compound Noun.
dark-red, world-famous light-blue, bloodthirsty sight-see, outline
Ⅰ.前缀：
1.表示否定的前缀： un- unfair, unhappy non- nonsmoker, nonbook (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in- inactive, inhuman, indirect (常用在adj.后) dis- disagree, disappear im- impolite, impossible (用在b,p,m 开头的词前) il- illegal ir- irreal, irregular
over- overhead, overeat, overuse mini- minibus, miniskirt, minicar under- underground, underdevelop semi- semicircle, semiskilled, semisteel
5.表示时间的前缀 pre- prewar post- postwar fore- foretell, forecast, foresee, weatherforcast
-ous dangerous, humorous
-ful helpful, careful, peaceful
但也有一些带后缀的派生词仅仅改 变词义：
Kingdom: “职位、状态” Boyhood: “身份，资格”
freedom childhood
Friendship: “情态、状态、性质、 leadership, 身份、职业、技巧、技能”hardship