2014年考研英语(一)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2014年考研英语（一）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Writing

Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)

As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember【B1】______we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】______, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments. “【B3】______seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) 【B4】______impact on our professional, social, and personal【B5】______. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】______out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental【B7】______can significantly improve our basic cognitive【B8】______. Thinking is essentially a【B9】______of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to【B10】______in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.【B11】______, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate【B12】______mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step【B13】______and developed the first “brain training program”designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental【B14】______. The Web-based program 【B15】______you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps【B16】______of your progress and provides detailed feedback【B17】______your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it【B18】______modifies and enhances the games you play to【B19】______on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) 【B20】______exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

1．【B1】

A．where

B．when

C．that

D．why

正确答案：A

解析：文章开篇指出：As many people hit middle age，they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be．说明人到中年，记忆力往往大不如前。空格所在句中，主句为We suddenly can’t remember，而从句为we put the keys just a moment ago，表面上看基本句子成分并不缺少，但仔

细分析，put the keys表示“放钥匙”，而从句中没有表示位置的状语，因此，需要加入连词where引导这一宾语从句，表示“不记得把钥匙放在什么地方了”，故答案为[A]。

2．【B2】

A．improves

B．fades

C．recovers

D．collapses

正确答案：A

解析：上文中提到，随着年龄的增长，很多人的记忆力不比从前了。结合本空所在句后半句提到的“老年症状”可知，大脑的功能是有所下降的，因此，本空格中的动词应该含有“下降”之类的意思，fades有“退化”之意，最为贴近，故答案为[A]。

3．【B3】

A．If

B．Unless

C．Once

D．While

正确答案：D

解析：由seemingly innocent“貌似无害”可以体会到作者并不是真地认为经常爱忘事这种表现无害。后半句的内容体现了作者的真实看法，那就是这种精神集中力的丧失会潜在地对职业、社交和个人健康造成破坏性的影响，因此，innocent“无辜的，无害的”与下半句之间存在转折关系，而能够表示转折关系的连词只有while，故答案为[D]。

4．【B4】

A．uneven

B．limited

C．damaging

D．obscure

正确答案：C

解析：本句中提到了loss of mental focus(精神集中力的丧失)，其对我们有什么样的影响(impact)，结合前文可知，这种影响应该是负面的、不利的。虽然四个选项中的单词都不含褒义，但真正能够表示对我们产生不利影响的只有[C]damaging“破坏性的”，故答案为[C]。

5．【B5】

A．wellbeing

B．environment