(完整版)选修8UNIT1词汇讲解
2023年选修八unit1知识点
选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity 单元要点预览（意在让同学整体理解本单元要点）语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(意在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅱ.词性变化（意在提供语法填空所需材料）Ⅲ.重点词汇（意在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大旳, 重要旳；主修, 专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)[典例]1).A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
2).The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个提议。
[重点使用方法]be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方旳票数2.applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v.申请；运用, 合用[典例]1).We had 250 applicants for the job.有250人申请这份工作。
2).As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job.由于工资低, 没有什麽人申请这份工作。
[重点使用方法]apply for... 申请……apply to... 合用……fill in the application form for sth.填写……申请表[练习] 根据句子旳规定在括号里填入合适旳词或翻译。
1).Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.2).This rule can’t be applied ________ (介词) every case.3).You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.4).The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (合用) married men only.Keys: 1).applicants 2).to 3).apply for 4).apply to3.occur vi.发生；出现；存在[典例]1).The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off.这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。
英语选修8人教新课标Unit1同步课件单词和词汇详细讲解32张
即学即用 (1)他们去了西部地区，决心去适应新生活。
They went to the West and decided to make a life there . (2)他靠卖菜为生。 He earned/made a/his living by selling vegetables. (3)救援队使婴儿苏醒过来了。 The rescue team brought the baby back to life .
即学即用 (1)他一定是用他在墨西哥的经历来欺骗我们。
He certainly took us in with his stories about his experiences in Mexico. (2)这种布料吸水很好。 This kind of cloth takes in water easily. (3)学英语占去了我大量的时间。 Learning English takes up a lot of my time. (4)这座城市呈现出节日的气氛。 The city took on a festive air. (5)汤姆在其父亲去世后接管了那个农场。 Tom took over the farm when his father died.
或 It is possible that... ;probable只能用 It is probable that...句型。
2. ...,it was the building of the rail
network from the west to the east coast
that brought even larger numbers to
The accident occurred at five o’clock.
高中英语 选修8 语言点讲解Unit 1 A land of diversity
no distinct major racial
在考试中的成绩不好。
or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为，要不了多久，
that
从句。
_I_t_'_s_b_e_li_e_v_e_d_t_h_a_t___ _te_e_n_a_g_e_r_s_w__it_h_o_u_t___ h_a_v_i_n_g__b_r_ea_k__fa_s_t_w__il_l _ _n_o_t_o_n_l_y_f_a_ll_a_s_l_ee_p__
mind. 3．A signal may be given by means of flags, lights, and guns. 4．If you team up with your classmates, you will surely get the
same work done far better. 5．These teenagers don't know much of the world yet; that's
显然地；显而易见地 14．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥→_c_on__d_u_c_t v．
管理 15．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒 → slippery adj.滑的 16．punishment n．惩罚；处罚→ punish vt.惩罚；处罚
[语境活用]
多种国籍的混合将会非
_e_a_si_l_y_i_n_c_l_a_ss__, but
常之大，以至于不可能存
concentrate less on
在一种明显的、主要的种
人教版高中英语选修8unit1单词及课文详解
选修8 Unit 1 单词及课文详解△California 加利福尼亚（州）△Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人△illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 illustration 实例插图图解Be illustrated with 有插图 - sth. 给书加插图阐明By way of -tion 作为说明 in -tion of 作为...例证distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 distinctive 独特的有特色的distinction n. 差别；区分cn；卓著优秀un.Distinguish between and :distinguish A from B -ed 杰出的以...著名Make a distinction between andMake no distinction 没有区别： without distinction with distinction 优异地△immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民live on 继续存在；继续生存 - by 以..为生 - through 活过度过...熬过Live up to 实践原则誓言等做到 - down 改过自新生活忘掉过错strait n. 海峡=straits△Bering 白令海峡Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的the Arctic 北极means n. 手段；方法by means of… 用……办法；借助 By all means 一定务必 by no means 绝不By this means 通过这种方式：in this way/ with this method/ in this manner by some means or other 想尽办法△prehistoric adj. 史前的majority n. 大多数；大半 the - 做主语谓语动词单数各个成员可用复数The - of + 单数名词或pl. 谓语动词与名词保持一致In a - 占大多数 get a - 获得多数票 have a - 拥有多数Major minor minority -ity ...状态、性质ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责神职任期 the - of Defense Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒△Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州）△San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山）△adventurer n. 冒险家make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等△despite prep. 尽管；不管hardship n. 苦难；困苦elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条percentage n. 百分比；百分率△Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶Italy n. 意大利Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人的；意大利语的Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家）keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）- away from 不接近- back 阻止抑制 -... From 阻止免受伤害 - off 远离 - out 使不入内- up with 跟上 -an eye on 注视 - hold of 抓住 - a record of记载 - in touch with△Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣（运动音乐）突然风靡的时期深沉的响声V. 轰鸣激增处于经济迅速发展时期-er=baby -er 生育高峰期出生的人 - town 新兴都市aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机△Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦人△immigrate vi. 移入（外国定居）immigration n. 移民；移居入境racial adj. 人种的；种族的crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道vice n. & adj. 代理；副职nephew n. 侄子；外甥pole n. 地极；电极；磁极applicant n. 申请人customs n. 海关；关税；进口税socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的socialism n. 社会主义occur vi. 发生；出现有计划或无计划It -s to sb. To do/ that... 某人想到 -rencecattle n. 牛（总称）△Hispanic n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人indicate vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示back to back 背靠背luggage n. 行李（<美>baggage）shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 刮；剃△cable n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆△cable car 缆车；（美）有轨缆车△Andrew Hallidie 安德鲁•海利迪tram n. （有轨）电车apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地It is - to sb. That... 在某人看来显然...brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 Vi. & vt. 刹（车）；用制动器减速conductor n. （公车）售票员；列车员；（乐队）指挥slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒小错误- off 迅速脱去衣服：- out of -on 迅速穿上 -out 被无意中说出- away 消失消亡 - up 犯错误疏忽△wharf n. 码头bakery n. 面包房；面包厂ferry n. 渡船；渡口 vt.摆渡；渡运△Angel Island 天使岛team up with 与……合作或一起工作hire vt. & n. 租用；雇用- sth. To ...租给 - ... From...向...租借租设备用hire 租房子：let/rent△fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的mark out 划线；标出……界线选定表明- down 记下减价给低分 - off 划出界限 -up 标高价格 - with 以..为标记- for life 留下终生的伤痕seagull n. 海鸥take in 包括；吸收理解欺骗- apart 拆开 -away 拿走 - back 收回- to 喜欢习惯 - on承担呈现雇佣 - over 接管-up 占据继续 -up with 和交往angle n. 角；角度a great/good many 许多；很多Many/many a/an / a great/good many/ more than one/ a good/large number of +pl.Much/ a good/great deal of/ a large amount of /amounts of+unA lot of/lots of/ a quantity of/ quantities of/ plenty of/ a supply of/supplied of+pl./unAmounts of/ quantities of+un. 谓语动词用复数Many a(more than one)+单数谓语动词用单数apply for 申请；请示得到Apply 申请敷产生作用使努力- to do 申请做 - ..to..将...涂抹于- oneself to 专心从事 applicant application appliednowhere adv. 无处；到处都无△miserable adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的punishment n. 处罚；惩罚justice n. 公正；公平mourn vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 -er哀悼者 -ful 忧伤的 -ing n, 哀悼civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的authority n. 权威；权力 (pl)当局；官方reform vt. & vi. 改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良grasp vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会△thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的insert vt. 插入；嵌入 n. 插面广告挿入物 -ion 放入选修八Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population （grow/fall; large/small）. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。
(完整版)选修八unit1单词课件
3. majority n. 大多数；大半
major adj.主要的；主修的（课程） n.主修科目
minor adj.较小的，少数的；次要的 minority n.少数；少数民族；未成年
4. adventurer adventure
take a risk
n. 冒险家 n.冒险活动；冒险经历； 奇遇
Unit 1 A land of diversity words
1. distinct adj. 清晰的；明确的；明显的 distinction n. 差别；区别；卓越 distinguish vi.&vt. 区分，辨别，分清； 辨别是非
2. immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民
immigrate vi. 移入(外国定居) immigration n.移民；移居入境
13. hire fire
vt.& n. 租用；雇用
n.火，燃烧物；火灾；射击 vt.& vi.开火，射击；燃烧
14. punishment n. 处罚；惩罚 punish v.处罚；严厉对付；
15. civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的
civilize [’sivilaiz] vt.使文明；使开化；教化；启发 vi.变得文明
socialism n. 社会主义 social adj.社会的，社会上的；交际
的，社交的 society n.社会
11. luggage n. 行李 英 baggage n.行李 美
12. shave share
vt.&vi. 刮；剃
vt.& vi. 分享；共用；均摊 n.股；（参与、得到等的）份
civilian [si’viljən] n.平民，百姓；市民 adj.民用的；平民的
选修八unit1词汇
❖ live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象 ❖ live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁 ❖ live a... life 过着……的生活
3.means手段，方法（单复数同形）
❖ by means of 用……办法；借助…… ❖ by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以 ❖ by any means 无论如何 ❖ by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首
❖ indicate that ...表示……；示意…… ❖ indication n. 指出；表明 ❖ indicative adj.指示的；暗示的
9. force …into …强迫…成为、做、进入… They forced him into signing (to sign) the paper. He forced his feet into his shoes. She was forced into crime by circumstances. 她为境遇所迫而犯罪。 The fellow forced his way into my home. 那家伙强行闯入我家。
The / A majority of students were/was against the policy.
The majority is / are always able to impose (强加）its/ their will on the minority.
majority n. 大多数…
The majority__w__a_s__/ _w_e_r_e_ for the budget. The majority of students __a_r_e_/_i_s_ hard-working.
高中英语选修八unit1词汇精讲课
3. 完成句子
①那就是他出生的地方。
That is where he was born. _____________
②当时天正下着雨，那正是我迟到的原因。 That was why I was late. It was raining then. _____________
【拓展】take for take off take on take up take over take back
当做；误认为 脱衣服；(飞机)起飞；成功 呈现；雇用；承担 占据；从事；继续；拿起 接管 撤回；同意收回
【真题链接】 Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out
她决定当律师。
②We elected James (to be/as) chairman. 我们选举詹姆斯当主席。
【归纳】elect to do sth.
决定做某事
__________
推选某人担任某职务
elect sb. (to be/as)+职务 __________________
【点津】 “ 独一无二的”职务、官衔作同位语、补语、表
主语或it作形
式主语 人
3. by means of. . . 用„„办法；借助„„ I found my bike by means of a notice in the newspaper. 我借助于报纸上的一则通知找到了我的自行车。 【拓展】翻译以下短语 by this means by no means by all means 用这种方法 ___________ 决不；一点也不 _______________
选修八unit1知识点.doc
选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）1.majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)[典例]1). A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
2). The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。
[重点用法]be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方的票数2. applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v. 申请；运用，适用[典例]1). We had 250 applicants for the job. 有250人申请这份工作。
2). As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job. 因为工资低, 没有什麽人申请这份工作。
[重点用法]apply for... 申请……apply to... 适用……fill in the application form for sth. 填写……申请表[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.2). This rule can’ t be applied ________ (介词) every case.3). You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.4). The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (适用) married men only.Keys: 1). applicants 2). to 3). apply for 4). apply to3. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在[典例]1). The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off. 这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。
选修 8 unit 1 A land of diversity 单词识记课件
conductor
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 10
baห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ery
咱们猜猜吧……
Group 11
ferry
1 2 4 6 7 5 3
咱们争争吧……(1)
au
re
stice
thority form sert urn
Match the words
im ap
mo
mi di fe in
ju
apparent deral
某人突然想起做某事 It occurs to sb. to do sth. 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take off 呈现；雇用；承担；采用； take on
take over take up apply to 接收；接管；取代 占去；占据；开始从事 适用于……;向…正式 申请；把…应用于
Homework composition
keep away from
keep off keep back keep out of
不靠近/远离……
不靠近；远离；勿踩；勿踏 阻止；保留；隐瞒 (使)不进入
咱们争争吧……(5)
occur to sb. apply for slip down back to back 某人想到 申请；请示得到
滑下去
n. 处罚；惩罚 人种的；种族的
咱们认认吧…
Group11
• • • •
mourn civil authority reform
• • • •
• shave • brake • Catholic
vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 n. 权威；权力 (pl)当局；官方 vt. & vi. 改革；革新 n.改造；改 良 • vt. & vi.刮；剃 • n. 闸；刹车；制动器Vi. & vt. 刹 （车）； • adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒
高中英语选修8 unit1-词汇讲解
在中国，北方人以玉米和小麦为主食，而南方人以大米为主食。
⑵ The operation was very successful, and the old man lived on for another ten years.
be taken in… 上当；受骗 判断下列句子中take in的意思
1. I found it easy to take in what the teacher had taught. ( 理解 )
2. Trees take in carbon dioxide from the air and make oxygen. ( 吸收 )
3. Don’t let yourself be taken in by his tricks. 4. His tour will take in Scotland and London.
( 受骗 ) ( 包括 )
⑵ I want a distinct answer to my question.
对我的问题我要一个明确的答复。
⑶ We must make a distinction between facts and opinions.
我们必须分清事实和观点。
2. live on 1. 继续存在，继续生活 2. 以吃...为食；靠…生活
despite(尽管)是介词，不是连词，所以不能用来引导句子，若 其后要跟 that 从句，需插入 the fact，Despite the fact that…
1. Despite/ in spite of the heavy rain, we arrived at the station on 。
选修8Unit1知识点课件.
13. a large percentage have chosen…= a large percentage of Chinese-Americans have chosen… ...
1). A large percentage of population live in big cities.
now the state of Virginia.
A.which B. where C. that D. what
= George Washington was born in
the place that is now the state of Virginia.
1.Pudong Development Zone is no longer a rural area ________ it used to be. C 定语从句, 先行词是area, that作关系代词
7. force …into …强迫…成为、做、进入…
They forced him into signing (to sign) the paper. He forced his feet into his shoes. She was forced into crime by circumstances. 她为境遇所迫而犯罪。 The fellow forced his way into my home. 那家伙强行闯入我家。
establish a new business
The / A majority of the country speak（s) English. The / A majority of students were/was against the policy. The majority is / are always able to impose (强加）its/ their will on the minority.
英语选修八unit1重点单词精讲
英语选修八unit1重点单词精讲1. Accentuate - to emphasize or highlight something.Example: The artist used bold colors to accentuate certain aspects of the painting.2. Aesthetic - relating to beauty or artistic appreciation.Example: The interior designer was praised for her aesthetic approach to decorating the house.3. Amenity - a feature that provides comfort or convenience.Example: The hotel had many amenities, including a swimming pool, gym, and spa.4. Antithesis - the direct opposite.Example: The characters in the play represented the antithesis of good and evil.5. Assimilate - to integrate or become part of a larger group.Example: It takes time for immigrants to assimilate into a new culture.6. Augment - to make something larger or increase in size.Example: The company decided to augment its workforce to meet the growing demand.7. Belie - to give a false impression or show to be false.Example: His calm demeanor belied the anxiety he felt inside.8. Cipher - a secret or disguised way of writing.Example: The spy used a cipher to encrypt his messages.9. Coincide - to happen at the same time or occupy the same space.Example: The concert coincided with my sister's birthday, so we celebrated together.10. Complacent - overly satisfied or self-satisfied, often unaware ofpotential dangers.Example: The team became complacent after winning the first few games, leading to their downfall.11. Conformity - compliance with standards, rules, or norms.Example: The school has a strict dress code, and students are expected to conform to it.12. Demeanor - one's behavior or outward appearance.Example: Despite the difficult situation, she maintained a calm and composed demeanor.13. Discrepancy - a difference or inconsistency between two things.Example: There was a discrepancy between the sales figures reported by the two departments.14. Dissent - to hold a different opinion or to refuse to conform.Example: Some members of the committee dissented from the majority's decision.15. Eloquent - having the ability to express oneself clearly and persuasively. Example: The lawyer's eloquent speech convinced the jury of his client's innocence.16. Entitlement - the belief that one deserves certain privileges or rights. Example: Some people have a sense of entitlement and expect special treatment.17. Facet - a particular aspect or feature of something.Example: The book explores various facets of human behavior.18. Flourish - to thrive or prosper.Example: The business flourished after the new marketing strategy was implemented.19. Grapple - to struggle or wrestle with a problem or challenge.Example: The team grappled with the difficult task of meeting the deadline.20. Homogeneous - consisting of similar or uniform parts.Example: The population in this town is relatively homogeneous in terms of culture and ethnicity.21. Impair - to damage or weaken something.Example: The accident impaired his ability to walk.22. Incentive - something that encourages or motivates someone to do something. Example: The company offered a bonus as an incentive for its employees to meet their sales targets.23. Inception - the beginning or start of something.Example: The project had its inception in a brainstorming session last year. 24. Inscribe - to write or carve something on a surface.Example: The winner's name was inscribed on the trophy.25. Integrity - the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. Example: The teacher was known for her integrity and fairness.26. Latitude - the degree of freedom to act or decide.Example: The manager gave her team a wide latitude in how they approached the project.27. Lethargic - feeling a lack of energy or motivation.Example: After the long journey, I felt lethargic and just wanted to rest.28. Lofty - high in position or status.Example: The CEO occupied the lofty position at the top of the company's hierarchy.29. Lucrative - producing a lot of money.Example: The musician's latest album turned out to be a lucrative venture.30. Magnitude - the size or importance of something.Example: The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.0 on the Richter scale.31. Mitigate - to reduce the severity or impact of something.Example: The government implemented measures to mitigate the effects of the economic downturn.32. Modicum - a small or moderate amount of something.Example: The recipe called for a modicum of salt to enhance the flavor.33. Opaque - not transparent or clear.Example: The window was covered with an opaque film to provide privacy.34. Paradox - a statement that seems self-contradictory but may be true. Example: The paradox of his statement is that it both accuses and defends the accused.35. Pedestrian - ordinary or uninteresting.Example: The movie's plot was rather pedestrian, with no unexpected twists or turns.36. Permeate - to spread or influence something gradually.Example: The smell of garlic permeated the entire kitchen.37. Platitude - a statement that is too obvious or commonplace to beinteresting or thoughtful.Example: The politician's speech was filled with platitudes and lacked substance.38. Prevalent - widespread or common.Example: Obesity has become a prevalent health issue in many countries.39. Profound - deep or significant.Example: The book offers profound insights into the human condition.40. Resilient - able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult situations.Example: Despite facing many challenges, she remained resilient and optimistic.41. Rhetorical - relating to the art of effective communication, often used to emphasize a point rather than seeking an answer.Example: He asked the rhetorical question, "Can't we all just get along?"42. Sentiment - an attitude or opinion based on emotion rather than reason.Example: The public sentiment was against the proposed tax increase.43. Solicit - to ask for or try to obtain something, often in a formal or persistent way.Example: The charity organization solicited donations from local businesses.44. Substantiate - to provide evidence or proof for something.Example: The researcher substantiated his claims with data from the experiment.45. Subtle - not obvious or easily noticed; delicate or intricate.Example: The painter used subtle shades of blue to create the effect of distance in the landscape. 46. Supersede - to replace or take the place of something older or no longer in use.Example: The new version of the software supersedes the old one, which is now outdated.47. Tenuous - weak or uncertain; not firmly based or established.Example: Their relationship was based on a tenuous connection and didn't last long.48. Traverse - to move across or travel over.Example: The hikers traversed the mountain range with the help of a experienced guide.49. Ubiquitous - being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time; widespread.Example: Smartphones have become an ubiquitous part of modern life.50. Vacillate - to waver or hesitate between different opinions or actions; be indecisive. Example: The politician vacillated on the issue, failing to take a firm stance.51. Vernacular - the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular region. Example: The author wrote the novel in the vernacular to make it more accessible to local readers.52. Vibrant - full of energy and life; vivid and bright.Example: The city's nightlife was known for its vibrant clubs and bustling streets.53. Volatile - likely to change quickly and unpredictably; unstable.Example: The stock market can be volatile, with prices fluctuating wildly.54. Warrant - to give authorization or justification for something.Example: The police officer warranting the search believed there was probable cause to suspect illegal activity.55. Zeal - great enthusiasm or passion for something.Example: The volunteer worked with zeal to help the homeless in the community.。
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泗州学校Sizhou School高三英语选修八导学案编号：2014- 课型：新授课上课时间：第1周主备人：沙千审核人：班级：小组：姓名：评价：UNIT1 A LAND OF DIVERSITY1．live on 继续存在，继续生存The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. (教材P1)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了多年。
live on sth以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live through经历过；经历……而未死live by doing 靠做某事物为生live a．.. life 过着……的生活live up to遵从；履行；不辜负live with容忍；忍受(2010·湖北高考)Had she ________ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.A．looked up to B．lived up to C．kept up with D．come up with2．However，it_is_likely_that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(教材P2)然而，很可能至少在15000年前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。
本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。
句中的likely为形容词，意为“可能的”，常用于It is likely that...“有可能……”或sb.be likely to do sth.“某人有可能做某事”句型中。
She is not likely to come next month. 她下月很可能不来①likely常指从表面迹象来判断有可能，作“可能的”的意思解释时常用作表语形容词，主要句法结构有：sb./sth.＋be＋likely＋to do sth.；It is likely＋that-clause。
likely用作定语形容词时常意为“似乎合适的、有希望的”。
②possible表示客观上的可能性，possible常构成的结构有：It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.；It is possible＋that-clause。
possible作定语时，有时解释为“合适的”。
③probable表示“可能发生或实现的”，比possible的可能性大。
常构成的句型有：sth. is probable；It is probable＋that-clause。
(2010·陕西高考) Studies show that people are more ________ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A．likely B．possible C．probable D．sure3．by means of 用……办法；借助Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. (教材P2)科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一座史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。
by this means用这种方法by all means 一定，务必by no means一点也不，决不(用于句首句子需倒装) by any means 无论如何Try by all means to save the dying. 一定要尽力抢救那个垂危的病人。
This is by no means the first time you have been late. 这绝不是你第一次迟到了。
【提示】means作“方式，方法”时单复数同形。
若是all means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若是every/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
【一言辨异】All possible means have been tried，but not every means works.所有可能的方法都尝试过了，但并不是每一种方法都奏效。
(2011·浙江高考)—Can I come and have a look at your new house?—Yes，________！A．with pleasure B．I like it C．I quite agree D．by all means4．majority n. 大多数；大半Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. (教材P2)在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向当地人传授天主教。
A majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.in the /a majority占多数 a majority of...over sb.超过对方……的票数minority n. 少数；少数民族【提示】a/the majority (of...)表示“(……的)大多数”，修饰可数名词，作主语时，谓语用复数，修饰不可数名词时，谓语用单数。
the majority 单独作主语时，表示泛指多数，谓语单复数均可。
(2011·湖南高考)One-third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people.A．is；are B．is；is C．are；are D．are; is5．That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是为什么今天还有超过40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
that is why...表示“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。
That is why I came back. 这就是为什么我回来了。
That is why she is so happy. 那就是她为什么如此高兴的原因。
6．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等，开始新生活Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. (教材P2)有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人尽管困难重重，还是留在了加利福尼亚谋生。
They settled down in Canada and made a life for themselves.他们在加拿大定居下来，习惯新的生活方式。
bring... (back) to life 给某人/事物活力；使复活come to life 苏醒live/lead a．..life 过着……的生活It was an opportunity to make a better life for herself. 这是使自己能更好生活的机会。
7．elect v．选择，决定做某事(后常跟不定式)；选举，推选By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society. (教材P2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。
We elected him (to be) monitor.我们选他当班长。
elect sb. (to be/ as) 选举某人为……elect sth. (as) 选择……作为职业elect to do...决定做某事election n. 选举【提示】表示“选举”，主要指选举某人担任某职位。
若所涉及的职位独一无二，则通常不用冠词choose/select/elect8．percentage n. 百分比，百分率(常用high，low，small，large修饰)Today，Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to st ay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco. (教材P2)今天，加利福尼亚的所有地区都有美籍华人，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和旧金山的“中国城”。
A high percentage of the college students have part-time jobs at home and abroad.不管是在国内还是在国外，很大比例的大学生一边学习一边打工。
【提示】①percentage前不用具体的数字修饰，但可以被high, low等形容词修饰。
②percent百分之……，相当于“%”，其前面往往用具体数字修饰。
③“a percentage of ＋n.”在句中作定语时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数形式而定。
9．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. (教材P2)从丹麦来的移民在1911年建立了他们自己的城镇，今天它仍然沿袭着他们的丹麦文化。