(完整word版)八年级下册英语_Unit3_第三单元笔记+练习
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Unit 3what were you doing when the ufo arrived?
【重难点分析】
一. 过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用。
过去进行时的构成:
肯定形式:主语+was/were+V-ing
否定形式:主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing
疑问形式:Was/Were+主语+V-ing。
基本用法:
1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。
点钟+yesterday 常与之连用的时间状语有:at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+
,when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。
(last night / Sunday…)
如:What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么?
I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.
我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前,当时她在一家无线电商店工作。
I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。
2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词,while后通常用表示持续性动词,
因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如:
When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.
3.when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的
动作发生了。如:
I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
4. when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如:
I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步,突然遇见了他。
We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩,这时下起雨来了。
特点:while之后的从句一般用:进行时态(be+doing)
When之后的从句一般用:过去时态
【注:本特点不是while和when的全部用法,更多的用法会在以后的学习中见到】
二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅱ
情态动词:must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”
注:以must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答习惯上用No,you needn’t或don't have to
③. Must I pay now? Yes,you must . No, you needn’t./No,you don’t have to.
三. 重点词汇
1.cut v.切;剪;割cut (one’s)hair理发
Be careful.Don't cut yourself.小心,别切到自己。
2.alien n.外星人An alien got out of the UFO. 一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。
3.land v.登岸;登陆;降落 n.陆地
The plane will land in ten minutes.飞机将在十分钟后降落。
A UFO landed in the middle of the field.. 一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。
4.while conj.当……的时候;在……之时
While I danced, she sang.我跳舞,她唱歌。
While he was singing, I was playing baseball. 他当时在唱歌,而我在打棒球。
5.right adv.正好;恰好
The accident happened right over there.事故正好发生在那里。
He lives right in the center of the city. 他恰好住在市中心。
6.surprised adj.惊奇的;吃惊的
I was surprised that he was late for the party.我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。
她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。
She was surprised that I didn’t know about that.
注:ed形容词用于修饰Sb,而ing形容词用于修饰sth
7.kid v.欺骗;哄骗I'm not kidding you.我没有骗你。You’re kidding = No kidding.别开玩笑了。
8.anywhere adv.到处;无论哪里(用于否定句和一般疑问句中)
Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?